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Mazzitelli C, Josic U, Maravic T, Mancuso E, Goracci C, Cadenaro M, Mazzoni A, Breschi L. An Insight into Enamel Resin Infiltrants with Experimental Compositions. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14245553. [PMID: 36559920 PMCID: PMC9782164 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Resin infiltration is a conservative treatment of initial enamel carious lesions. Only one infiltrant material is available on the market (Icon, DMG), and research is now investigating new chemical compositions so as to further exploit the benefits of the resin infiltration technique. A literature search of the articles testing the effects of different formulations on mechanical properties, resin penetration ability, remineralizing, and antibacterial activities was conducted. Of 238 articles, 29 resulted in being eligible for the literature review. The formulations investigated were all different and consisted in the inclusion of hydrophobic monomers (i.e., BisEMA, UDMA), solvents (ethanol, HEMA), alternative etchants (PAM) or molecules with antibacterial or bioactivity features (i.e., AgNP, YbF3, MTZ, chitosan, DMAMM, HAp, MC-IL, NACP, PUA, CHX) and microfilled resins. Information on the long-term performances of the tested experimental materials were scarce. The combination of TEGDMA with hydrophobic monomers and the inclusion of a solvent alternative to ethanol reinforced mechanical properties of the materials. Hybrid-glass materials demonstrated an enhanced remineralization capacity. Techniques such as tunnelization increased the penetration depth and preserved the recourse to less-conservative treatments. Combining the min-invasive infiltrant approach with remineralizing and bacteriostatic properties would be beneficial for therapeutic and economical aspects, according to the principles of minimally invasive dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Mazzitelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Via San Vitale 59, 40125 Bologna, Italy
| | - Uros Josic
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Via San Vitale 59, 40125 Bologna, Italy
| | - Tatjana Maravic
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Via San Vitale 59, 40125 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Edoardo Mancuso
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Via San Vitale 59, 40125 Bologna, Italy
| | - Cecilia Goracci
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Milena Cadenaro
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34125 Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Via dell’Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Annalisa Mazzoni
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Via San Vitale 59, 40125 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Breschi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Via San Vitale 59, 40125 Bologna, Italy
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Huang X, Liang J, Zhou W, Ma T, Weir MD, Hack GD, Fay GG, Oates TW, Cheng L, Xu HHK. Novel dental resin infiltrant containing smart monomer dodecylmethylaminoethyl methacrylate. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1063143. [PMID: 36519132 PMCID: PMC9743298 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1063143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives White spot lesions (WSLs) are prevalent and often lead to aesthetic problems and progressive caries. The objectives of this study were to: (1) develop a novel resin infiltrant containing smart monomer dodecylmethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEM) to inhibit WSLs, and (2) investigate the effects of DMAEM incorporation on cytotoxicity, mechanical properties, biofilm-inhibition and protection of enamel hardness for the first time. Methods DMAEM was synthesized using 1-bromododecane, 2-methylamino ethanol and methylmethacrylate. DMAEM with mass fractions of 0%, 1.25%, 2.5% and 5% were incorporated into a resin infiltant containing BisGMA and TEGDMA. Cytotoxicity, mechanical properties and antibacterial effects were tested. After resin infiltration, bovine enamel was demineralized with saliva biofilm acids, and enamel hardness was measured. Result DMAEM infiltration did not increase the cytotoxicity or compromise the physical properties when DMAEM mass fraction was below 5% (p > 0.05). Biofilm metabolic activity was reduced by 90%, and biofilm lactic acid production was reduced by 92%, via DMAEM (p < 0.05). Mutans streptococci biofilm CFU was reduced by 3 logs (p < 0.05). When demineralized in acid and then under biofilms, the infiltrant + 5% DMAEM group produced an enamel hardness (mean ± sd; n = 6) of 2.90 ± 0.06 GPa, much higher than 0.85 ± 0.12 GPa of the infiltrant + 0% DMAEM group (p < 0.05). Significance A novel resin infiltrant with excellent mechanical properties, biocompability, strong antibacterial activity and anti-demineralization effect was developed using DMAEM for the first time. The DMAEM resin infiltrant is promising for inhibiting WSLs, arresting early caries, and protecting enamel hardness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, United States,Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingou Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, United States,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, United States,Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Michael D. Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Gary D. Hack
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Guadalupe Garcia Fay
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Thomas W. Oates
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Hockin H. K. Xu, ; Lei Cheng,
| | - Hockin H. K. Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, United States,Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,*Correspondence: Hockin H. K. Xu, ; Lei Cheng,
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Effects of hybrid inorganic-organic nanofibers on the properties of enamel resin infiltrants - An in vitro study. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 126:105067. [PMID: 35026564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.105067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the overall mechanical properties of resin infiltrants doped with bioactive nanofibers and their ability in inhibiting enamel demineralization or achieving remineralization of the adjacent enamel to white spots. A commercial resin infiltrant (ICON, DMG) was doped with hybrid inorganic-organic nanofibers and analyzed for degree of conversion (DC, n = 3) and surface hardness (SH, n = 6). Subsequently, enamel specimens (6 × 4 × 2 mm3) were prepared and submitted to a demineralizing/remineralizing process to produce a subsurface caries-like lesion. The specimens were treated with one of the following materials: ICON infiltrant, DMG (control); ICON + nanofibers of poly-lactic acid (PLA)-filled with silica (PLA-SiO2); ICON + nanofibers of (PLA)-filled with calcium incorporated into a silica network (SiO2-CaP). Then, the specimens were subjected to a pH-cycling demineralizing/remineralizing model for 7 days at 37 °C. The %ΔSH change (after treatment), %SH loss and %SH recovery (after pH-cycling regimen) were calculated after SH evaluation (n = 9/group). The Ca/P weight ratio before and after pH-cycling regimen was evaluated through SEM/EDX. The results of DC were analyzed through the T-test (p < 0.05). ANOVA followed by Tukey's test (p < 0.05) was performed for hardness and EDX. A significant SH increase was observed in the ICON/SiO2CaP group (p < 0.05). The ICON/PLA-SiO2 presented higher DC values than the control group (p = 0.043). All groups presented significant difference in %ΔSH (p < 0.05), although the specimens treated with ICON/SiO2CaP presented greater values. Regarding the %SHL and %SHR, the ICON/SiO2CaP and ICON/PLA-SiO2 were significantly different compared to the control group (p < 0.001). However, no difference was observed between the ICON/SiO2CaP and ICON/PLA-SiO2. The Ca/P ratio showed that the ICON/SiO2CaP and ICON/PLA-SiO2 after the pH-cycling regimen differed from sound enamel and modified infiltrants before pH-cycling. In conclusion, tailored hybrid nanofibers may be incorporated into enamel resin infiltrants without compromise the mechanical properties of such experimental materials. These latter can inhibit the demineralization of enamel and increase its hardness during pH-clycling challange.
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Li M, Yang Z, Huang Y, Li Y, Zhou Z. In vitro effect of resin infiltrant on resistance of sound enamel surfaces in permanent teeth to demineralization. PeerJ 2022; 9:e12008. [PMID: 35047244 PMCID: PMC8759355 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of resin infiltrant on resistance of sound permanent enamel surfaces to demineralization. METHOD Eighty healthy premolars were sectioned to obtain enamel blocks from the buccal surface. Specimens with baseline surface microhardness values of 320-370 were selected. The experimental group were treated with resin infiltrant, while the control group was not. Specimens from each group were artificially demineralized and the surface microhardness values were measured again. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to measure the depth of demineralization and detect the penetration ability of the resin infiltrant. The specimens were subjected to a simulated toothbrushing abrasion test. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe changes in the surface morphology of specimens after each of these procedures. RESULTS No significant differences between the experimental and control groups were observed in the baseline microhardness values or in the experimental group after resin infiltration compared with the baseline conditions. After artificial demineralization, the microhardness value in the control group was significantly lower than that in the experimental group (266.0 (±34.5) compared with 304.0 (±13.0), P = 0.017). Confocal laser scanning microscopy results showed that the demineralization depth in the control group was significantly deeper than that in the experimental group (97.9 (±22.8) µm vs. 50.4 (±14.3) µm, P < 0.001), and that resin infiltrant completely penetrated the acid-etched demineralized area of the tooth enamel with a mean penetration depth of 31.6 (±9.0) µm. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface morphology was more uniform and smoother after simulated toothbrushing. The enamel surface structure was more severely destroyed in the control group after artificial demineralization compared with that of the experimental group. CONCLUSION Resin infiltrant can completely penetrate an acid-etched demineralized enamel area and improve resistance of sound enamel surfaces to demineralization. Our findings provide an experimental basis for preventive application of resin infiltrant to sound enamel surfaces to protect tooth enamel against demineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengyan Yang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yajing Huang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yueheng Li
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
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Hashemian A, Shahabi S, Behroozibakhsh M, Najafi F, Abdulrazzaq Jerri Al-Bakhakh B, Hajizamani H. A modified TEGDMA-based resin infiltrant using polyurethane acrylate oligomer and remineralising nano-fillers with improved physical properties and remineralisation potential. J Dent 2021; 113:103810. [PMID: 34530057 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to modify an experimental triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) based resin infiltrant using PUA oligomer and two remineralising fillers, including fluorohydroxyapatite (FHA) and fluoride-doped bioactive glass (FD-BG), to improve the mechanical and physical properties and induce remineralising potential. MATERIALS AND METHODS The polyurethane acrylate oligomer (PUA) was synthesised and characterised. Experimental resin infiltrant was prepared by mixing 10% of synthesised PUA with 88% TEGDMA. Water contact angle, penetration coefficient, and penetration depth were then measured. The FHA and FD-BG fillers were synthesised and characterised. To prepare nano-filled resin infiltrant, 5% of each powder was mixed with the prepared resin infiltrant. The prepared resin infiltrants were characterised to evaluate their degree of conversion, mechanical properties, water sorption, and solubility. The ion release of filled resin was also assessed. The non-infiltrated and infiltrated enamel specimens underwent fourteen days of pH-cycling, and a surface microhardness was done to assess the resistance to demineralisation. RESULTS The results showed that the addition of PUA to TEGDMA increased the mechanical properties and decreased water sorption and solubility. The addition of synthesised FD-BG fillers to resin infiltrant significantly improved the resistance to demineralisation of enamel samples compared with other groups (p ≤ 0.001). The FHA fillers also improved the resistance to demineralisation; however, the produced changes were not statistically meaningful (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Based on the results, the PUA+TEGDMA+ FD-BG/FHA composite can be used as an alternative material for pure TEGDMA in enamel infiltration approaches owing to its better mechanical properties, lower water sorption and solubility, and also remineralisation potential. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE A resin infiltrant with remineralisation potential, lower water sorption and solubility and higher mechanical properties may enhance the management of early caries lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atieh Hashemian
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Ghods Street, Keshavarz Blvd., Tehran, Iran. 14176-14411, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sima Shahabi
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Ghods Street, Keshavarz Blvd., Tehran, Iran. 14176-14411, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Behroozibakhsh
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Ghods Street, Keshavarz Blvd., Tehran, Iran. 14176-14411, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farhood Najafi
- Department of Resin and Additives, Institute for Color Science and Technology, P.O. Box:16765-564, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hamidreza Hajizamani
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Ghods Street, Keshavarz Blvd., Tehran, Iran. 14176-14411, Tehran, Iran
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Mendes Soares IP, Anovazzi G, Anselmi C, Leite ML, Scheffel DLS, Soares DG, de Souza Costa CA, Hebling J. Response of pulp cells to resin infiltration of enamel white spot-like lesions. Dent Mater 2021; 37:e329-e340. [PMID: 33579532 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the trans-enamel and trans-dentinal biological effects of treating enamel white spot-like lesions (EWSLs) with resin infiltration components (RICs) on odontoblast-like cells (MDPC-23) and human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). METHODS EWSLs were induced in 60 enamel/dentin discs (4.0 ± 0.2 mm thick) using S. mutans. The discs were adapted into artificial pulp chambers and MDPC-23 were seeded on the dentin surface. The components of a resin infiltration system (Icon) were applied individually or in combination on the enamel surface as following (n = 10/treatment): Etch, Infiltrant, Etch+Infiltrant, or Etch+Dry+Infiltrant. The application of water or hydrogen peroxide served as negative and positive controls, respectively. After 72 h, MDPC-23 viability was evaluated. The extracts were exposed for 72 h to pre-cultured MDPC-23 and HDPCs in 96-well plates to evaluate cell viability, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), mineralized nodule formation (MN), and the expression of inflammatory cytokines (ICs) and mineralization-related genes (MRs). Data were analyzed by ANOVA complemented with Tukey or Games-Howell post-hocs (α = 5%). RESULTS Cell viability, ALP activity, and MN formation were significantly reduced in response to the RICs, presenting intermediate values compared to positive and negative controls. Likewise, ICs were upregulated, whereas MRs were downregulated. Among the RICs, the Etch component caused the most notorious detrimental effects. SIGNIFICANCE Resin infiltration of EWSLs negatively affected the metabolism of pulp cells in vitro. Therefore, even though resin infiltration is a micro-invasive therapy for non-cavitated caries in enamel, it should be closely followed up seen that components may diffuse and unbalance pulp homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Paulino Mendes Soares
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil.
| | - Giovana Anovazzi
- Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Caroline Anselmi
- Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Maria Luísa Leite
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil
| | | | - Diana Gabriela Soares
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, São Paulo University (USP), Bauru Faculty of Dentistry, Bauru, Brazil
| | | | - Josimeri Hebling
- Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil.
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Influence of different ceramic materials and surface treatments on the adhesion of Prevotella intermedia. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 111:104010. [PMID: 32750671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.104010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ceramics are used in oral rehabilitation; however, these materials are prone to formation of biofilms that may cause periodontal diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of distinct surface treatments on ceramic surface roughness and biofilm formation of oral bacteria (Prevotella intermedia). Eighty-four specimens of the following four ceramic systems were produced: LC - leucite-based glass ceramic, LD - lithium disilicate-based glass ceramic, LSZ - glass ceramic based on zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate, and ZR - monolithic zirconia. These were submitted to three different surface treatment protocols: C - control, G - glazing, and GDB - grinding with diamond bur (n = 7). The surface characteristics were assessed using a confocal laser microscope (Ra) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Thereafter, the groups were contaminated with a bacterial strain of P. intermedia ATCC 25611. The biofilms formed were quantified by counting the colony forming units (CFUs) and analyzed with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). Data were analyzed by using a 2-way ANOVA and the Tukey test (ɑ = 0.05). Results showed that greater roughness was associated with GDB (p < 0.05). The same was also true for the ceramic material ZR (p < 0.05). There was a statistical significant difference in the CFU counts between the materials (p < 0.05) that revealed a greater amount of bacterial adhesion in the LC and ZR groups (p > 0.05). Thus, it was suggested that the surface roughness of the ceramic materials favored bacterial adhesion; and thus, finishing of ceramic surfaces with GDB should be avoided.
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Yu J, Huang X, Zhou X, Han Q, Zhou W, Liang J, Xu HHK, Ren B, Peng X, Weir MD, Li M, Cheng L. Anti-caries effect of resin infiltrant modified by quaternary ammonium monomers. J Dent 2020; 97:103355. [PMID: 32380134 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Resin infiltrant is used in early enamel caries. However, commercial resin infiltrant lacks persistent antibacterial activity. Dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMADDM) was added to resin infiltrant to give it sustainable antibacterial properties and inhibit demineralization. METHODS After the application of resin infiltrant to bovine enamel, cytotoxicity, surface roughness, and aesthetics were assessed. A multi-species biofilm was incubated on the enamel disk before and one month after microbial-aging. After a 48-h anaerobic incubation, biomass accumulation, metabolic activity, and lactic acid were analyzed using a crystal violet assay, an MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, and a lactic acid assay. Biofilm structure and composition were determined by live/dead staining, exopolysaccharide (EPS) staining, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The depth and content of demineralization were tested by transverse microradiography (TMR). RESULTS Incorporating DMADDM did not increase the cytotoxicity or change the physical properties when the mass fraction of the DMADDM was 2.5-10 %. The modification decreased the amount of bacterial biofilm, metabolic activity, lactic acid production, EPS, and the proportion of Streptococcus mutans in the biofilms. It also provided anti-demineralization effects. The surface roughness and antibacterial ability were not changed after one month of microbial-aging. CONCLUSION The incorporation of DMADDM improved the antibacterial and anti-demineralization effects of the material. It demonstrated a sustained antibacterial effect. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The antibacterial modification might be a potential choice for future clinical applications to inhibit early enamel caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jingou Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Biao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Mingyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Kielbassa AM, Leimer MR, Hartmann J, Harm S, Pasztorek M, Ulrich IB. Ex vivo investigation on internal tunnel approach/internal resin infiltration and external nanosilver-modified resin infiltration of proximal caries exceeding into dentin. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228249. [PMID: 31990942 PMCID: PMC6986723 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This ex vivo proof-of-concept study aimed to investigate the effect of nanosilver particles (AgNP) added to a conventional infiltrant resin (Icon) on external penetration into natural proximal enamel caries exceeding into dentin after internal tunnel preparation and internal infiltration. Carious lesions (ICDAS codes 2/3) of extracted human (pre-)molars revealing proximal caries radiographically exceeding into dentin (E2/D1 lesions) were preselected. Then, 48 of those specimens showing demineralized areas transcending the enamel-dentin border as assessed by means of near-infrared light transillumination (DIAGNOcam) were deproteinized (NaOCl, 5%). Using an internal tunnel approach, occlusal cavities central to the marginal ridge were prepared. Excavation of carious dentin, total etch procedure (H3PO4, 40%), and internal resin infiltration (FITC-labeled) followed, along with final restorations (flowable composite resin). Outer lesion surfaces were etched (HCl, 15%) prior to external infiltration (RITC-labeled). Group 1 (control; n = 24) used non-modified infiltrant, while an infiltrant/AgNP mixture (20 nm; 5.5 wt%) was used with experimental Group 2 (n = 24). Non-infiltrated pores of cut lesions were stained (Berberine), and specimens were analyzed using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Compared to the non-filled infiltrant, incorporation of AgNP had no effect on the resin's external penetration. Between the groups, no significant differences regarding internal or external infiltration could be detected, and non-infiltrated lesion areas did not differ significantly (p>0.109; t-test). The internal tunnel preparation in combination with both an internal resin infiltration and an additional external infiltration approach using a nanosilver-modified infiltrant resin leads to increased infiltrated lesion areas, thus occluding and adhesively stabilizing the porous volume of the demineralized enamel. While exerting antimicrobial effects by the nanosilver particles, this approach should have the potential as a viable treatment alternative for proximal lesions extending into dentin, thus avoiding the sacrifice of sound enamel, postponing the frequently inevitable restoration/re-restoration cycle of conventional proximal caries treatment, and improving dental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej M. Kielbassa
- Centre for Operative Dentistry, Periodontology, and Endodontology, University of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Danube Private University, Krems, Austria
- * E-mail:
| | - Marlene R. Leimer
- Centre for Operative Dentistry, Periodontology, and Endodontology, University of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Danube Private University, Krems, Austria
| | - Jens Hartmann
- Department for Biomedical Research, Danube University, Krems, Austria
| | - Stephan Harm
- Department for Biomedical Research, Danube University, Krems, Austria
| | - Markus Pasztorek
- Department for Biomedical Research, Danube University, Krems, Austria
| | - Ina B. Ulrich
- Centre for Operative Dentistry, Periodontology, and Endodontology, University of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Danube Private University, Krems, Austria
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Ferreira JD, Flor-Ribeiro MD, Marchi GM, Pazinatto FB. The Use of Resinous Infiltrants for the Management of Incipient Carious Lesions: a Literature Review. JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.17921/2447-8938.2019v21n4p358-64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe objective of this work was to analyze scientific evidence from a literature review pertaining to the effectiveness of resinous infiltrants for minimally invasive treatment of incipient carious lesions. Studies published between 2002 and 2019 were queried from the following databases: Capes, PubMed, Medline, BBO, Lilacs and SciELO. The search keywords included "Dental Caries", "Tooth Remineralization", "Dental Leakage". Most of the studies found resin-infiltrating treatment to be a viable option for the minimally invasive treatment of incipient carious lesions; this treatment was able to fulfill the primary expected effects: inhibition of carious progression and the lesions esthetic improvement. However, some issues need to be clarified to improve the safety of this treatment because it can be recommended in clinical practice. In conclusion, the use of resinous infiltrants has been reported as promising for the treatment of incipient carious lesions. However, there is a need for long-term studies to confirm the effectiveness of this treatment to determine its applicability for clinical use. Keywords: Dental Caries. Dental Leakage. Tooth Remineralization. ResumoO objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar evidências científicas, por meio de uma revisão de literatura, sobre a eficácia do uso de infiltrantes resinosos para o tratamento minimamente invasivo de lesões cariosas incipientes. A seleção do material literário utilizado foi realizada por pesquisa sobre o tema nas bases de dados: portal de periódicos Capes, PubMed, Medline, BBO, Lilacs e SciELO, abrangendo prioritariamente, o período de 2002 a 2019. Para busca nas bases de dados foram utilizadas palavras-chave como “Cárie Dentária”, “Remineralização Dentária”, “Infiltração Dentária”, assim como suas correspondentes na língua inglesa. A maioria dos estudos encontrados aponta o tratamento infiltrante resinoso como uma opção viável para o tratamento minimamente invasivo de lesões cariosas incipientes sendo capaz de cumprir os principais efeitos esperados: inibição da progressão cariosa e melhoria estética das lesões. Entretanto, alguns impasses necessitam ser esclarecidos para que o tratamento seja recomendado com mais segurança na prática clínica. Conclui-se que o uso de infiltrantes resinosos tem sido relatado como promissor para o tratamento de lesões cariosas incipientes, contudo há necessidade de novas pesquisas e estudos a longo prazo para confirmar sua eficácia em todos aspectos desejáveis para seu uso clínico. Palavras-chave: Cárie Dentária. Infiltração Dentária. Remineralização Dentária.
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Study of Surface Structure Changes for Selected Ceramics Used in the CAD/CAM System on the Degree of Microbial Colonization, In Vitro Tests. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:9130806. [PMID: 31309119 PMCID: PMC6594334 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9130806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In the article has been presented an analysis of susceptibility of selected dental materials, made in the CAD/CAM technology. The morphology and structural properties of selected dental materials and their composites were determined by using XRPD (X-ray powder diffraction) techniques, as well as the IR (infrared) spectroscopy. Moreover, an adhesion as well as development of biofilm by oral microorganisms has been studied. It has been shown that a degree of the biofilm development on the tested dental materials depended on microorganism genus and species. Streptococcus mutans has demonstrated the best adhesion to the tested materials in comparison with Candida albicans and Lactobacillus rhamnosus. However, the sintered materials such as IPS e.max® and the polished IPS e.max® have showed the best "anti-adhesive properties" in relation to S. mutans and L. rhamnosus that have not formed the biofilm on the polished IPS e.max® sample. Furthermore, S. mutans have not formed the biofilm on both surfaces. On the contrary to S. mutans and L. rhamnosus, C. albicans has demonstrated the adhesive properties in relation to the above-mentioned surfaces. Moreover, in contrast to S. mutans and C. albicans, L. rhamnosus has not formed the biofilm on the polished IPS Empress material.
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Comparison of the XTT and resazurin assays for quantification of the metabolic activity of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. J Microbiol Methods 2017; 139:135-137. [PMID: 28587857 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We assessed whether resazurin was as efficient as XTT in the measurement of the metabolic activity of 209 clinical Staphylococcus aureus biofilm using an vitro model comparing the percentage of formazan and resorufin. The overall categorical agreement was 61.2% (r=0.024), which means that resazurin can not substitute XTT.
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