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Yun J, Burrow MF, Matinlinna JP, Ding H, Chan SM(R, Tsoi JKH, Wang Y. Design of Multi-Functional Bio-Safe Dental Resin Composites with Mineralization and Anti-Biofilm Properties. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:120. [PMID: 38786632 PMCID: PMC11122376 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15050120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to develop multi-functional bio-safe dental resin composites with capabilities for mineralization, high in vitro biocompatibility, and anti-biofilm properties. To address this issue, experimental resin composites consisting of UDMA/TEGDMA-based dental resins and low quantities (1.9, 3.8, and 7.7 vol%) of 45S5 bioactive glass (BAG) particles were developed. To evaluate cellular responses of resin composites, MC3T3-E1 cells were (1) exposed to the original composites extracts, (2) cultured directly on the freshly cured resin composites, or (3) cultured on preconditioned composites that have been soaked in deionized water (DI water), a cell culture medium (MEM), or a simple HEPES-containing artificial remineralization promotion (SHARP) solution for 14 days. Cell adhesion, cell viability, and cell differentiation were, respectively, assessed. In addition, the anti-biofilm properties of BAG-loaded resin composites regarding bacterial viability, biofilm thickness, and biofilm morphology, were assessed for the first time. In vitro biological results demonstrated that cell metabolic activity and ALP expression were significantly diminished when subjected to composite extracts or direct contact with the resin composites containing BAG fillers. However, after the preconditioning treatments in MEM and SHARP solutions, the biomimetic calcium phosphate minerals on 7.7 vol% BAG-loaded composites revealed unimpaired or even better cellular processes, including cell adhesion, cell proliferation, and early cell differentiation. Furthermore, resin composites with 1.9, 3.8, and 7.7 vol% BAG could not only reduce cell viability in S. mutans biofilm on the composite surface but also reduce the biofilm thickness and bacterial aggregations. This phenomenon was more evident in BAG7.7 due to the high ionic osmotic pressure and alkaline microenvironment caused by BAG dissolution. This study concludes that multi-functional bio-safe resin composites with mineralization and anti-biofilm properties can be achieved by adding low quantities of BAG into the resin system, which offers promising abilities to mineralize as well as prevent caries without sacrificing biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Yun
- Department of Prosthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China;
- Dental Materials Science, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (J.P.M.); (H.D.); (S.M.C.)
| | - Michael F. Burrow
- Prosthodontics, Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China;
| | - Jukka P. Matinlinna
- Dental Materials Science, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (J.P.M.); (H.D.); (S.M.C.)
- Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Hao Ding
- Dental Materials Science, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (J.P.M.); (H.D.); (S.M.C.)
| | - Sin Man (Rosalind) Chan
- Dental Materials Science, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (J.P.M.); (H.D.); (S.M.C.)
| | - James K. H. Tsoi
- Dental Materials Science, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (J.P.M.); (H.D.); (S.M.C.)
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China;
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Tu Y, Ren H, He Y, Ying J, Chen Y. Interaction between microorganisms and dental material surfaces: general concepts and research progress. J Oral Microbiol 2023; 15:2196897. [PMID: 37035450 PMCID: PMC10078137 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2023.2196897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial adhesion to dental materials’ surfaces is the initial cause of dental materials-related infections. Therefore, inhibiting bacterial adhesion is a critical step in preventing and controlling these infections. To this end, it is important to know how the properties of dental materials affect the interactions between microorganisms and material surfaces to produce materials without biological contamination. This manuscript reviews the mechanism of bacterial adhesion to dental materials, the relationships between their surface properties and bacterial adhesion, and the impact of bacterial adhesion on their surface properties. In addition, this paper summarizes how these surface properties impact oral biofilm formation and proposes designing intelligent dental material surfaces that can reduce biological contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Tu
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huaying Ren
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiwen He
- School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Ying
- School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yadong Chen
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- CONTACT Yadong Chen Department of Endodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310000, China
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Schmutzler A, Stingu CS, Günther E, Lang R, Fuchs F, Koenig A, Rauch A, Hahnel S. Attachment of Respiratory Pathogens and Candida to Denture Base Materials-A Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6127. [PMID: 37834772 PMCID: PMC10573319 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Denture prostheses are an ideal and extensive reservoir for microorganisms to attach to their surfaces. The aim of the study was to elucidate interactions between materials for the fabrication of denture bases and the attachment of microorganisms, focusing on respiratory pathogens and Candida species. Specimens (6 mm × 1 mm) with a standardized surface roughness (Sa = 0.1 µm) were prepared from heat-pressed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), CAD/CAM-processed PMMA, and CAD/CAM-processed polyether ether ketone (PEEK). The specimens were randomly placed in the vestibular areas of complete upper dentures in seven patients and were removed either after 24 h without any oral hygiene measures or after a period of four weeks. The microorganisms adherent to the surface of the specimens were cultivated and subsequently analyzed using mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF). The means and standard deviations were calculated, and the data were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post-hoc test where appropriate (α = 0.05). There was a significant increase (p ≤ 0.004) in the total bacterial counts (CFU/mL) between the first (24 h) and the second (four weeks) measurements. Regarding quantitative microbiological analyses, no significant differences between the various materials were identified. Respiratory microorganisms were detected in all samples at both measurement time points, with a large variance between different patients. Only after four weeks, Candida species were identified on all materials but not in all participants. Candida species and respiratory microorganisms accumulate on various denture base resins. While no significant differences were identified between the materials, there was a tendency towards a more pronounced accumulation of microorganisms on conventionally processed PMMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Schmutzler
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Regensburg University Medical Center, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Catalina Suzana Stingu
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Virology, Leipzig University Clinics, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Elena Günther
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials Science, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Reinhold Lang
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Regensburg University Medical Center, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Florian Fuchs
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials Science, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Koenig
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials Science, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Angelika Rauch
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Regensburg University Medical Center, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hahnel
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Regensburg University Medical Center, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
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Matos TP, Ñaupari-Villasante R, Kunz PVM, Hass V, Reis A, Gutiérrez MF, Loguercio AD. 48-month clinical evaluation of a copper-containing universal adhesive in non-carious cervical lesions: A double-blind randomised clinical trial. Dent Mater 2023; 39:820-830. [PMID: 37481368 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the effect of copper nanoparticles (CuNp) on the clinical performance of a universal adhesive system used as an etch-and-rinse or self-etch strategy. METHODS A total of 216 class V (non-carious lesions) restorations were randomly placed in 36 subjects according to the following groups: ERcu, adhesive in etch-and-rinse with 0.1% CuNp; ERct, adhesive in etch-and-rinse without CuNp; SEcu, adhesive in self-etch with 0.1% CuNp; and Sect, adhesive in self-etch without CuNp. Restorations were evaluated at baseline and at 6, 12, 18, 36, and 48 months, using the FDI and USPHS criteria. Appropriate statistical analyses were performed (α = 0.05). RESULTS After 48 months, 14 restorations were lost (two for ERcu, five for SEcu, and seven for SEct) and the retention rates (95% confidence interval [CI]) were 74.1% for ERcu (95% CI 61.1-83.8); 81.5% for ERct (95% CI 69.2-89.6); 64.8% (95% CI 51.5-76.2) for SEcu; and 64.8% (95% CI 51.5-76.2) for SEct, with statistical differences between SEct vs. ERct and SEcu vs. ERct (p < 0.05). No significant differences between the groups were observed when the secondary parameters were evaluated (p > 0.05). Nineteen restorations (two for ERcu, two for ERct, six for SEcu, and nine for SEct) showed minor marginal staining, and 44 restorations (7 for ERcu, 8 for ERct, 14 for SEcu, and 15 for SEct) presented minimal marginal adaptation defects. SIGNIFICANCE This is the first long-term clinical trial to show that the addition of CuNp to a universal adhesive system does not affect clinical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalita P Matos
- School of Dentistry, Tuiuti University, Rua Santo Inácio, 395, Zip Code 82010-210 Curitiba, Santo Inácio, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Romina Ñaupari-Villasante
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Zip Code 84030-900, Campus Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Valeria Manozzo Kunz
- School of Dentistry, Tuiuti University, Rua Santo Inácio, 395, Zip Code 82010-210 Curitiba, Santo Inácio, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Viviane Hass
- School of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Alessandra Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Zip Code 84030-900, Campus Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mario F Gutiérrez
- Universidad de los Andes, Chile, Facultad de Odontología, Santiago Zip Code 7550000, Chile; Physiology Laboratory, Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago Zip Code 8380544, Chile.
| | - Alessandro D Loguercio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Zip Code 84030-900, Campus Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
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Mansouri M, O'Brien EP, Mondal K, Chen CC, Drummond JL, Hanley L, Rockne KJ. Stoichiometric models of sucrose and glucose fermentation by oral streptococci: Implications for free acid formation and enamel demineralization. Dent Mater 2023; 39:351-361. [PMID: 36906504 PMCID: PMC10162441 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to develop stoichiometric models of sugar fermentation and cell biosynthesis for model cariogenic Streptococcus mutans and non-cariogenic Streptococcus sanguinis to better understand and predict metabolic product formation. METHODS Streptococcus mutans (strain UA159) and Streptococcus sanguinis (strain DSS-10) were grown separately in bioreactors fed brain heart infusion broth supplemented with either sucrose or glucose at 37 °C. Cell mass concentration and fermentation products were measured at different hydraulic residence times (HRT) to determine cell growth yield. RESULTS Sucrose growth yields were 0.080 ± 0.0078 g cell/g and 0.18 ± 0.031 g cell/g for S. sanguinis and S. mutans, respectively. For glucose, this reversed, with S. sanguinis having a yield of 0.10 ± 0.0080 g cell/g and S. mutans 0.053 ± 0.0064 g cell/g. Stoichiometric equations to predict free acid concentrations were developed for each test case. Results demonstrate that S. sanguinis produces more free acid at a given pH than S. mutans due to lesser cell yield and production of more acetic acid. Greater amounts of free acid were produced at the shortest HRT of 2.5 hr compared to longer HRTs for both microorganisms and substrates. SIGNIFICANCE The finding that the non-cariogenic S. sanguinis produces greater amounts of free acids than S. mutans strongly suggests that bacterial physiology and environmental factors affecting substrate/metabolite mass transfer play a much greater role in tooth or enamel/dentin demineralization than acidogenesis. These findings enhance the understanding of fermentation production by oral streptococci and provide useful data for comparing studies under different environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Mansouri
- Department of Civil, Materials, and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Evan P O'Brien
- Department of Civil, Materials, and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Karabi Mondal
- Department of Civil, Materials, and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chien-Chia Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - James L Drummond
- Professor Emeritus of Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Luke Hanley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Karl J Rockne
- Department of Civil, Materials, and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Mazurek-Popczyk J, Nowicki A, Arkusz K, Pałka Ł, Zimoch-Korzycka A, Baldy-Chudzik K. Evaluation of biofilm formation on acrylic resins used to fabricate dental temporary restorations with the use of 3D printing technology. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:442. [PMID: 36229871 PMCID: PMC9563793 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02488-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Temporary implant-retained restorations are required to support function and esthetics of the masticatory system until the final restoration is completed and delivered. Acrylic resins are commonly used in prosthetic dentistry and lately they have been used in three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. Since this technology it is fairly new, the number of studies on their susceptibility to microbial adhesion is low. Restorations placed even for a short period of time may become the reservoir for microorganisms that may affect the peri-implant tissues and trigger inflammation endangering further procedures. The aim of the study was to test the biofilm formation on acrylamide resins used to fabricate temporary restorations in 3D printing technology and to assess if the post-processing impacts microbial adhesion.
Methods Disk-shaped samples were manufactured using the 3D printing technique from three commercially available UV-curable resins consisting of acrylate and methacrylate oligomers with various time and inhibitors of polymerization (NextDent MFH bleach, NextDent 3D Plus, MazicD Temp). The tested samples were raw, polished and glazed. The ability to create biofilm by oral streptococci (S. mutans, S. sanguinis, S. oralis, S. mitis) was tested, as well as species with higher pathogenic potential: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Candida albicans. The roughness of the materials was measured by an atomic force microscope. Biofilm formation was assessed after 72 h of incubation by crystal violet staining with absorbance measurement, quantification of viable microorganisms, and imaging with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results Each tested species formed the biofilm on the samples of all three resins. Post-production processing resulted in reduced roughness parameters and biofilm abundance. Polishing and glazing reduced roughness parameters significantly in the NextDent resin group, while glazing alone caused significant surface smoothing in Mazic Temp. A thin layer of microbial biofilm covered glazed resin surfaces with a small number of microorganisms for all tested strains except S. oralis and S. epidermidis, while raw and polished surfaces were covered with a dense biofilm, rich in microorganisms. Conclusions UV-curing acrylic resins used for fabricating temporary restorations in the 3D technology are the interim solution, but are susceptible to adhesion and biofilm formation by oral streptococci, staphylococci and Candida. Post-processing and particularly glazing process significantly reduce bacterial biofilm formation and the risk of failure of final restoration. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-022-02488-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Mazurek-Popczyk
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Poland.
| | | | - Katarzyna Arkusz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | | | - Anna Zimoch-Korzycka
- The Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Baldy-Chudzik
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Poland
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Shekhar S, Suprabha BS, Shenoy R, Natarajan S, Rao A. Comparative Evaluation of Surface Roughness and Wettability of an Alkasite with Nano Bulk-Fill and Nanofilled Resin Composite Restorative Materials: In vitro Study. Contemp Clin Dent 2022; 13:337-343. [PMID: 36687002 PMCID: PMC9855263 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_95_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Surface characteristics of resin-based composites (RBCs) can change with polishing and over time. Aim The aim of the study was to compare the surface roughness and wettability of three different posterior RBCs after polishing and the change in these surface characteristics over time, after aqueous aging. Settings and Design Experimental in vitro study. Materials and Methods Eleven disc-shaped RBC specimens were fabricated. The RBCs used were, alkasite composite, bulk-fill nanocomposite, conventional nanofilled composite. All the specimens underwent polishing with Soflex Diamond Polishing System and then analyzed for roughness and wettability at baseline and after aqueous aging for 3 months with the help of an atomic force microscope and a contact angle goniometer respectively. Statistical Analysis One-way ANOVA and Tamhane test were used for the multiple comparisons. Results Alkasite composite showed significantly higher surface roughness (P = 0.028 and P < 0.001, respectively) and lower wettability (P = 0.023 and P = 0.020, respectively) than conventional nanofilled composite at baseline and 3 months. Surface roughness of alkasite composite was also significantly higher than bulk-fill nanocomposite (P = 0.009 and P < 0.001, respectively) at both the time points. Conclusions Alkasite has higher surface roughness in comparison to conventional nanocomposite and bulk-fill nanocomposite and lower wettability than conventional nanocomposite after polishing and aqueous aging over a 3-month period. In terms of surface characteristics, alkasite composite may be advantageous in preventing initial plaque adhesion to the material surface, but the lower surface roughness of nano-filled composites may be more advantageous in terms of plaque retention prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrehya Shekhar
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Baranya Shrikrishna Suprabha
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramya Shenoy
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Srikant Natarajan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Arathi Rao
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Biodegradation of Dental Resin-Based Composite—A Potential Factor Affecting the Bonding Effect: A Narrative Review. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092313. [PMID: 36140414 PMCID: PMC9496159 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, although resin composite has played an important role in the restoration of tooth defects, it still has several disadvantages, including being biodegraded by saliva, bacteria and other enzymes in the oral cavity, which may result in repair failure. This factor is not conducive to the long-term survival of the prosthesis in the mouth. In this article, we review the causes, influencing factors and prevention methods of resin biodegradation. Biodegradation is mainly caused by esterase in saliva and bacteria, which breaks the ester bond in resin and causes the release of monomers. The mechanical properties of the prosthesis can then be affected. Meanwhile, cathepsin and MMPs are activated on the bonding surface, which may decompose the dentin collagen. In addition, neutrophils and residual water on the bonding surface can also aggravate biodegradation. Currently, the primary methods to prevent biodegradation involve adding antibacterial agents to resin, inhibiting the activity of MMPs and enhancing the crosslinking of collagen fibers. All of the above indicates that in the preparation and adhesion of resin materials, attention should be paid to the influence of biodegradation to improve the prosthesis’s service life in the complex environment of the oral cavity.
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The Use of the Diode Laser against the Microbiome on Composites Closing the Screw Access Hall (Sah) in the Reconstruction of Dental Implants: Ex Vivo Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127494. [PMID: 35742743 PMCID: PMC9224170 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Patients undergoing implant treatment are at risk of peri-implant bone loss, which is most often caused by the adverse effects of microorganisms, but there are few proven procedures for their reduction. The aim of the research was to identify the microorganisms inhabiting the composites used to close the screw access hole (SAH), compare them numerically with those present on the surface of crowns and teeth, and optimize the doses of the diode laser, which will reduce microorganisms and will not deteriorate the roughness of polished composites. Patients were swabbed from the surface of SAH composites, from porcelain and zirconium restorations, and from teeth, and then the number of microorganisms was determined by using a culture technique. Microorganisms were identified by MALDI–TOF MS and NGS sequencing. The effectiveness of diode laser irradiation was achieved by using four variants of exposure. After polishing and laser irradiation, the surface roughness of the composites was studied by using optical profilometry. On the surface of SAH, 106 to 108 microorganisms were identified at 0.4 cm2, including many pathogenic species. Among the materials used for the reconstruction of dental implants, the greatest microbiological contamination was found on the composites used to close the SAH. The diode laser with a wavelength of 810 nm with an average power of 3.84 W, during 60 s and 2 × 30 s, has a biocidal effect and does not significantly change the surface roughness of composites. The best reduction of microorganisms was achieved on a composite polished with a polishing rubber and then with a Sof-Lex™ Pre-Polishing Spiral beige (3M ESPE, Ave. St. Paul., MN, USA). Studies have shown that using the optimal laser dose can help treat periimplantitis. These studies provide important information on the possibility of the effective elimination of microorganisms by using a diode laser in the treatment of peri-implant bone loss.
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Nrf2 in the Field of Dentistry with Special Attention to NLRP3. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11010149. [PMID: 35052653 PMCID: PMC8772975 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review article was to summarize the functional implications of the nuclear factor E2-related factor or nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), with special attention to the NACHT (nucleotide-binding oligomerization), LRR (leucine-rich repeat), and PYD (pyrin domain) domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in the field of dentistry. NLRP3 plays a crucial role in the progression of inflammatory and adaptive immune responses throughout the body. It is already known that this inflammasome is a key regulator of several systemic diseases. The initiation and activation of NLRP3 starts with the oral microbiome and its association with the pathogenesis and progression of several oral diseases, including periodontitis, periapical periodontitis, and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The possible role of the inflammasome in oral disease conditions may involve the aberrant regulation of various response mechanisms, not only in the mouth but in the whole body. Understanding the cellular and molecular biology of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its relationship to Nrf2 is necessary for the rationale when suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target for treatment and prevention of oral inflammatory and immunological disorders. In this review, we highlighted the current knowledge about NLRP3, its likely role in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory oral processes, and its crosstalk with Nrf2, which might offer future possibilities for disease prevention and targeted therapy in the field of dentistry and oral health.
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Hou X, Yuan K, Huang Z, Ma R. Effects of Bleaching Associated with Er:YAG and Nd:YAG Laser on Enamel Structure and Bacterial Biofilm Formation. SCANNING 2021; 2021:6400605. [PMID: 35003484 PMCID: PMC8712178 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6400605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of bleaching associated with Er:YAG and Nd:YAG laser on enamel structure and mixed biofilm formation on teeth surfaces. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-eight enamel samples were randomly divided into four groups (n = 17), control, Opalescence Boost only, Opalescence Boost plus Er: YAG laser, and Opalescence Boost plus Nd:YAG laser. The structure was observed using SEM after bleaching. Subsequently, the treated enamel samples were also cultured in suspensions of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis, Actinomyces viscosus, and Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) for 24 and 48 h. Biofilm formation was quantified by crystal violet staining, and the structure was visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis method. RESULTS The enamel structure significantly changed after bleaching. There was no obvious difference in the biofilm formation after 24 h; however, after 48 hours, the amount of biofilm increased significantly. Remarkably, the amount was significantly higher on enamel bleached only, however, there was no significant difference between samples bleached with Er:YAG or Nd:YAG laser compared to the control. CONCLUSIONS Bleaching only appeared to markedly promote biofilm formation after 48 h, and the biofilms on samples bleached with Er:YAG or Nd:YAG laser did not change significantly, showing that bleaching with Er:YAG or Nd:YAG laser can be safely applied in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Hou
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Keyong Yuan
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Zhengwei Huang
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
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12
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Desai H, Stewart CA, Finer Y. Minimally Invasive Therapies for the Management of Dental Caries—A Literature Review. Dent J (Basel) 2021; 9:dj9120147. [PMID: 34940044 PMCID: PMC8700643 DOI: 10.3390/dj9120147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, due to a better understanding of the caries pathology and advances in dental materials, the utilization of non-invasive and minimally invasive techniques that delay/obviate the need for traditional restorations has started gaining momentum. This literature review focuses on some of these approaches, including fluoride varnish, silver diamine fluoride, resin sealants, resin infiltration, chemomechanical caries removal and atraumatic restorative treatment, in the context of their chemistries, indications for use, clinical efficacy, factors determining efficacy and limitations. Additionally, we discuss strategies currently being explored to enhance the antimicrobial properties of these treatment modalities to expand the scope of their application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hetal Desai
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada; (H.D.); (C.A.S.)
| | - Cameron A. Stewart
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada; (H.D.); (C.A.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Yoav Finer
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada; (H.D.); (C.A.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Vidal O, de Paris Matos T, Núñez A, Méndez-Bauer L, Sutil E, Ñaupari-Villasante R, Souta MC, Pitlovanciv M, Gutiérrez MF, Loguercio AD. A universal adhesive containing copper nanoparticles improves the stability of hybrid layer in a cariogenic oral environment: An in situ study. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 126:105017. [PMID: 34894497 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.105017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate how incorporating copper nanoparticles (CuNp) into a universal adhesive affects the antimicrobial activity (AMA), bond strength (μTBS), nanoleakage (NL), elastic modulus (EM) and nanohardness (NH) of resin-dentin interfaces, at 24 h (24 h) and after in situ cariogenic challenge (CC). METHODS CuNp (0% [control] and 0.1 wt%) was added to an adhesive. After enamel removal, the adhesives were applied to dentine surfaces. Each restored tooth was sectioned longitudinally to obtain two hemi-teeth; one of them was evaluated after 24 h, and the other was included in one of the intra-oral palatal devices placed in the mouths of 10 volunteers for 14 days in CC. After that, each hemi-tooth was removed, and any oral biofilm that formed was collected. The AMA was evaluated against Streptococcus mutans. For the 24 h and CC groups, each hemi-tooth was sectioned in the "x" direction to obtain one slice for each EM/NH evaluation. The remains of each hemi-tooth were sectioned in the "x" and "y" directions to obtain resin-dentin beams for μTBS and NL evaluation (24 h and CC). ANOVA and Tukey's test were applied (α = 0.05). RESULTS The presence of CuNp significantly improved AMA as well as all of the evaluated properties (24 h; p < 0.05). Although the adhesive properties (μTBS/NL) for all groups decreased after CC (p < 0.05), the adhesive containing CuNp showed higher μTBS and lower NL as compared to the copper-free adhesive (p < 0.05). The incorporation of CuNp maintained NH/EM values after CC (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Adding 0.1% CuNp to an adhesive may provide antimicrobial activity and increase its bonding and mechanical properties, even under a cariogenic challenge. SIGNIFICANCE This is the first in situ study proving that incorporating CuNp into an adhesive is an achievable alternative to provide antimicrobial properties and improve the integrity of the hybrid layer under in situ cariogenic challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Vidal
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Zip Code 84030-900, Campus Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Thalita de Paris Matos
- Department of Dentistry, Tuiuti University of Parana, Rua Sydnei Antonio Rangel Santos, 238, Zip Code 82010-330, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Alejandra Núñez
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Zip Code 84030-900, Campus Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil; Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora y Materiales Dentales, Escuela de Odontologia Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Av. Pampite y Diego de Robles, Zip Code 170901, Quito, Ecuador.
| | - Luján Méndez-Bauer
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Zip Code 84030-900, Campus Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil; Department of Research, Faculty of Dentistry. Universidad Francisco Marroquín, 6th Street 7-11 Zone 10, Zip Code 01010, Guatemala City, Guatemala.
| | - Elisama Sutil
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Zip Code 84030-900, Campus Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Romina Ñaupari-Villasante
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Zip Code 84030-900, Campus Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Melissa Caroline Souta
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Zip Code 84030-900, Campus Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Murilo Pitlovanciv
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Zip Code 84030-900, Campus Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Mario F Gutiérrez
- Universidad de los Andes, Chile, Facultad de Odontología, Av. Monseñor Álvaro del Portillo 12455, Zip code 7550000, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; University of Chile, Physiology Laboratory, Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Av. Olivos 943, Santiago, Zip code 8380544, Chile.
| | - Alessandro D Loguercio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Zip Code 84030-900, Campus Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
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Kumar D, Ghose D, Bolskar RD, Mutreja I, Jones RS. A novel methacrylate derivative polymer that resists bacterial cell-mediated biodegradation. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 110:991-1000. [PMID: 34855282 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This study tests biodegradation resistance of a custom synthesized novel ethylene glycol ethyl methacrylate (EGEMA) with ester bond linkages that are external to the central polymer backbone when polymerized. Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) with internal ester bond linkages and EGEMA discs were prepared in a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) mold using 40 μl macromer and photo/co-initiator mixture cured for 40 s at 1000 mW/cm2 . The discs were stored in the constant presence of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) in Todd Hewitt Yeast + Glucose (THYE+G) media up to 9 weeks (n = 8 for each macromer type) and physical/mechanical properties were assessed. Initial measurements EGEMA versus EGDMA polymer discs showed equivalent degree of conversion (45.69% ± 2.38 vs. 46.79% ± 4.64), diametral tensile stress (DTS; 8.12± 2.92 MPa vs. 6.02 ± 1.48 MPa), and low subsurface optical defects (0.41% ± 0.254% vs. 0.11% ± 0.074%). The initial surface wettability (contact angle) was slightly higher (p ≤ .012) for EGEMA (62.02° ± 3.56) than EGDMA (53.86° ± 5.61°). EGDMA showed higher initial Vicker's hardness than EGEMA (8.03 ± 0.88 HV vs. 5.93 ± 0.69 HV; p ≤ .001). After 9 weeks of S. mutans exposure, EGEMA (ΔDTS-1.30 MPa) showed higher resistance to biodegradation effects with a superior DTS than EGDMA (ΔDTS-6.39 MPa) (p = .0039). Visible and scanning electron microscopy images of EGEMA show less surface cracking and defects than EGDMA. EGDMA had higher loss of material (18.9% vs. 8.5%, p = .0009), relative changes to fracture toughness (92.5% vs. 49.2%, p = .0022) and increased water sorption (6.1% vs. 1.9%, p = .0022) compared to EGEMA discs. The flipped external ester group linkage design is attributed to EGEMA showing higher resistance to bacterial degradation effects than an internal ester group linkage design methacrylate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Kumar
- Department of Surgical and Developmental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Debarati Ghose
- Department of Surgical and Developmental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Isha Mutreja
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Robert S Jones
- Department of Surgical and Developmental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Mazzitelli C, Ionescu A, Josic U, Brambilla E, Breschi L, Mazzoni A. Microbial contamination of resin composites inside their dispensers: An increased risk of cross-infection? J Dent 2021; 116:103893. [PMID: 34798151 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of microorganisms' contamination inside the dispensing syringes of different types of resin-based composites (RBCs). METHODS This study encompassed two sections. First, an anonymous electronic survey was submitted via Google forms to Italian dentists to acquire information about composite handling during clinical procedures. Then, a bench test was performed on nanohybrid RBCs differing in matrix chemistry and fillers [FiltekTM Supreme XTE (3MTM); Venus Pearl (Kulzer GmbH); Admira Fusion x-tra (Voco)] to evaluate the microbial viability on their surfaces with/out photocuring. Uncured RBCs were exposed to standardized inocula of Streptococcus Mutans, Candida Albicans, Lactobacillus Rhamnosus, or mixt plaque in an in vitro model reproducing clinical restorative procedures. Half of the RBC specimens were cured after exposure. Microbial viability was assessed using an MTT-based test. Statistical analysis included three-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests (p<0.05). RESULTS Among 300 dentists completing the survey, the majority declared to use the spatula to carry the RBCs from the syringe to the dental cavity (50% same spatula; 35% two spatulas). However, 80% of respondents had personal feelings that using one spatula could be a source of cross-contamination. In vitro results using one spatula showed microbial contamination of all RBCs after one hour of storage. The contamination levels depended on the used strain and RBC type (p<0.0001), but photocuring did not reduce contamination (p = 0.2992). CONCLUSIONS Microbial species' viability on uncured RBCs and after photocuring shows the existence of a considerable risk of cross-infection. Clinical procedures in Restorative Dentistry need to acknowledge and to reduce such risk during RBCs handling. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Dentists must be aware of the possibility of cross-infection during restorative procedures, especially when the same spatula is repeatedly used for placing RBC in the cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mazzitelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna - Alma Mater Studiorum, Via San Vitale 59, Bologna 40125, Italy
| | - A Ionescu
- Oral Microbiology and Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, via Pascal 36, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - U Josic
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna - Alma Mater Studiorum, Via San Vitale 59, Bologna 40125, Italy
| | - E Brambilla
- Oral Microbiology and Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, via Pascal 36, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - L Breschi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna - Alma Mater Studiorum, Via San Vitale 59, Bologna 40125, Italy.
| | - A Mazzoni
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna - Alma Mater Studiorum, Via San Vitale 59, Bologna 40125, Italy
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16
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De Nys S, Duca RC, Vervliet P, Covaci A, Boonen I, Elskens M, Vanoirbeek J, Godderis L, Van Meerbeek B, Van Landuyt KL. Bisphenol A release from short-term degraded resin-based dental materials. J Dent 2021; 116:103894. [PMID: 34798152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is still much debate about the release of bisphenol A (BPA) from resin-based dental materials. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify BPA present as an impurity and to evaluate whether their degradation by salivary, bacterial, and chemical challenges could increase its release. METHODS BPA was determined in three different amounts (300, 400, and 500 µg) of eight unpolymerized resin-based materials (four composites, one fissure sealant, two adhesives and one root canal sealer). Next, polymerized samples (n = 5) of each material were immersed in 1 mL of whole human pooled saliva collected from adults, Streptococcus mutans (2 × 107 CFU/mL), and acidic (0.1 M HCl), alkaline (0.1 M NaOH), and control media, respectively. The amount of BPA was quantified using an UPLC-MS/MS method including derivatization of BPA by pyridine-3-sulfonyl chloride. RESULTS Only the composites contained trace amounts of BPA above the limit of quantification (ranging from 301±32 pg PBA/mg to 1534±62 pg BPA/mg), most likely as impurity from the synthesis of the monomers. The amounts of BPA released from polymerized materials upon salivary and bacterial degradation were too low for accurate quantification, but in water, quantifiable amounts of BPA were released from all materials. In alkaline media, the BPA release from two composites was significantly decreased, while the release from one adhesive was significantly increased, compared to water. CONCLUSIONS BPA already present in unpolymerized resin-based materials may account for the release of BPA after polymerization. There was no clear indication that short-term material degradation leads to increased release of BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siemon De Nys
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & University Hospitals Leuven (UZ Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium; IDEWE, External service for prevention and protection at work, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Radu Corneliu Duca
- Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Unit Environmental Hygiene and Human Biological Monitoring, Department of Health Protection, National Health Laboratory (LNS), 3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg; IDEWE, External service for prevention and protection at work, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Philippe Vervliet
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, D.S.551, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, D.S.551, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Imke Boonen
- Laboratory of Analytical, Environmental and GeoChemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium
| | - Marc Elskens
- Laboratory of Analytical, Environmental and GeoChemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Vanoirbeek
- Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; IDEWE, External service for prevention and protection at work, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Lode Godderis
- Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Analytical, Environmental and GeoChemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium; IDEWE, External service for prevention and protection at work, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Bart Van Meerbeek
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & University Hospitals Leuven (UZ Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium; IDEWE, External service for prevention and protection at work, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Kirsten L Van Landuyt
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & University Hospitals Leuven (UZ Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium; IDEWE, External service for prevention and protection at work, Heverlee, Belgium.
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Mourouzis P, Diamantopoulou E, Tsigarida A, Dionysopoulos D, Konstantinidis A, Samanidou V, Tolidis K. Evaluation of Monomer Elution and Surface Roughness of a Polymer-Infiltrated Ceramic Network CAD-CAM Material After Er,Cr:YSGG Laser-assisted Tooth Bleaching. Oper Dent 2021; 46:E171-E184. [PMID: 35486503 DOI: 10.2341/20-158-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this in vitro study was to examine the effect of Er,Cr:YSGG laser-assisted tooth bleaching treatment on the elution of monomers and surface roughness of a hybrid computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) material, and to compare it with a resin composite for direct restorations. METHODS AND MATERIALS Forty specimens of a hybrid CAD-CAM material (Enamic) and forty of a conventional resin composite (Tetric) were fabricated and randomly divided into four groups (n=10). Half of the specimens of each material were stored in distilled water and the other half in artificial saliva for 7 days. At the end of this period, the storage medium was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the surface roughness parameters of the specimens were evaluated by optical imaging noncontact interferometric profilometry. Afterwards, half of the specimens of each tested material received a conventional in-office tooth bleaching treatment and the other half an Er,Cr:YSGG laser-assisted bleaching treatment, and then they were again incubated in distilled water and artificial saliva for an additional 7-day time period. At the end of this period, the effect of the bleaching treatments on elution of monomers and surface roughness of the tested materials was evaluated. RESULTS Bisphenol A (BPA), urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), and bisphenol A-glycidyl dimethacrylate (BisGMA) were eluted from the conventional resin composite into both the solutions tested. Only TEGDMA was eluted from the hybrid CAD-CAM material. However, no statistically significant differences were found among the surface roughness parameters of both materials. Both the conventional and Er,Cr:YSGG laser-assisted tooth bleaching treatments affected the monomer elution from the composite resin. However, there were no statistically significant differences (p<0.05) between the treatments. CONCLUSIONS According to the results of this study, tooth bleaching with Er,Cr:YSGG laser or conventional technique is safe, even if the bleaching agent comes in contact with hybrid CAD-CAM restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mourouzis
- *Petros Mourouzis, MSc, PhD, assitant professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Division of Dental Tissues Pathology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - E Diamantopoulou
- Ellisavet-Ioanna Diamantopoulou, MSc, graduate student, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A Tsigarida
- Alexia Tsigarida, Chemist, MSc, Department of Civil Engineering, Division of Structural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - D Dionysopoulos
- Dimitrios Dionysopoulos, MSc, PhD, assistant professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Division of Dental Tissues Pathology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A Konstantinidis
- Avraam Konstantinidis, PhD, assistant professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Division of Structural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - V Samanidou
- Victoria Samanidou, PhD, professor, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - K Tolidis
- Kosmas Tolidis, PhD, professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Division of Dental Tissues Pathology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
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Zhang A, Ye N, Aregawi W, Zhang L, Salah M, VanHeel B, Chew HP, Fok ASL. A Review of Mechano-Biochemical Models for Testing Composite Restorations. J Dent Res 2021; 100:1030-1038. [PMID: 34365857 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211026918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the severe mechano-biochemical conditions in the oral cavity, many dental restorations will degrade and eventually fail. For teeth restored with resin composite, the major modes of failure are secondary caries and fracture of the tooth or restoration. While clinical studies can answer some of the more practical questions, such as the rate of failure, fundamental understanding on the failure mechanism can be obtained from laboratory studies using simplified models more effectively. Reviewed in this article are the 4 main types of models used to study the degradation of resin-composite restorations, namely, animal, human in vivo or in situ, in vitro biofilm, and in vitro chemical models. The characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of these models are discussed and compared. The tooth-restoration interface is widely considered the weakest link in a resin composite restoration. To account for the different types of degradation that can occur (i.e., demineralization, resin hydrolysis, and collagen degradation), enzymes such as esterase and collagenase found in the oral environment are used, in addition to acids, to form biochemical models to test resin-composite restorations in conjunction with mechanical loading. Furthermore, laboratory tests are usually performed in an accelerated manner to save time. It is argued that, for an accelerated multicomponent model to be representative and predictive in terms of both the mode and the speed of degradation, the individual components must be synchronized in their rates of action and be calibrated with clinical data. The process of calibrating the in vitro models against clinical data is briefly described. To achieve representative and predictive in vitro models, more comparative studies of in vivo and in vitro models are required to calibrate the laboratory studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zhang
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - N Ye
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - W Aregawi
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - L Zhang
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - M Salah
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Faculty of Dentistry, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - B VanHeel
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - H P Chew
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - A S L Fok
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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De Nys S, Duca RC, Vervliet P, Covaci A, Boonen I, Elskens M, Vanoirbeek J, Godderis L, Van Meerbeek B, Van Landuyt KL. Bisphenol A as degradation product of monomers used in resin-based dental materials. Dent Mater 2021; 37:1020-1029. [PMID: 33896600 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is still much debate about the release of bisphenol-A (BPA) from dental materials. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify BPA present as an impurity in both BPA-based and non-BPA-based monomers and to evaluate whether these monomers may degrade to BPA upon salivary, bacterial, and chemical challenges. METHODS BPA was determined in three different amounts (1, 2, and 3 μmol) of each monomer (TEGDMA, UDMA, mUDMA, BisGMA, BisEMA-3, -6, -10, -30, BisPMA, EBPADMA urethane, BADGE, and BisDMA). Next, the monomers (3 μmol) were immersed in whole human pooled saliva collected from adults, Streptococcus mutans (2 × 107 CFU/mL), and acidic (0.1 M HCl), alkaline (0.1 M NaOH), and control media. The amount of BPA was quantified using a specific and highly sensitive UPLC-MS/MS method including derivatization of BPA by pyridine-3-sulfonyl chloride. RESULTS The monomers BisGMA and BisEMA-3 contained trace amounts (0.0006% and 0.0025%, respectively) of BPA as impurities of their synthesis process. BPA concentrations increased when the monomers BisGMA, BisEMA-3, BisEMA-6, BisEMA-10, BisPMA and BADGE were exposed to saliva and S. mutans, indicating degradation of a small amount of monomer into BPA. In addition, BisPMA and BADGE degraded into BPA under alkaline conditions. The conversion rate of the monomers into BPA ranged between 0.0003% and 0.0025%. SIGNIFICANCE Impurities and degradation of BPA-based monomers may account for the release of BPA from resin-based dental materials. Even though the detected amounts of BPA due to monomer impurity were small, manufacturers of dental materials can reduce the BPA content by using only monomers of the highest purity. Considering the overall current trend towards BPA-free materials, it may be recommendable to investigate whether non-BPA based monomers can be used in dental resin-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siemon De Nys
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & University Hospitals Leuven (UZ Leuven), Dentistry, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Radu Corneliu Duca
- Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Unit Environmental Hygiene and Human Biological Monitoring, Department of Health Protection, National Health Laboratory (LNS), 3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Philippe Vervliet
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, D.S.551, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, D.S.551, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Imke Boonen
- Laboratory of Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium
| | - Marc Elskens
- Laboratory of Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Vanoirbeek
- Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lode Godderis
- Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; IDEWE, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Bart Van Meerbeek
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & University Hospitals Leuven (UZ Leuven), Dentistry, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kirsten L Van Landuyt
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & University Hospitals Leuven (UZ Leuven), Dentistry, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Muduroglu R, Ionescu AC, Del Fabbro M, Scolavino S, Brambilla E. Distribution of adhesive layer in class II composite resin restorations before/after interproximal matrix application. J Dent 2020; 103:103494. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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21
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Cavalcante LM, Ferraz LG, Antunes KB, Garcia IM, Schneider LFJ, Collares FM. Silane content influences physicochemical properties in nanostructured model composites. Dent Mater 2020; 37:e85-e93. [PMID: 33243439 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of organosilane content on the physicochemical properties of model composites formulated with nano-sized fillers. METHODS Model composites were formulated with dimethacrylate-based monomers, a photoinitiator/co-initiator system and silicon dioxide nano-sized fillers treated with different amounts of 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTS): 1.0 (G1%), 2.0 (G2%), 5.0 (G5%), 7.5 (G7.5%) and 10 (G10%) wt.% relative to SiO2. Non-silanized fillers (G0%) were used in the control group. Degree of conversion (DC) was assessed by Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Knoop hardness (KHN) and elastic modulus were determined before and after water storage for 4 months. Water sorption (Wsp) and solubility (Wsl) were calculated by successive mass determinations in analytical balance. Surface gloss and roughness were characterized before and after toothbrushing simulation. RESULTS With the exception of those fillers treated with 1% MPTS, DC was not dependent on the silane content. Within the silanized groups, G1% showed the lowest initial and final KHN, without statistical difference from G0%. The elastic modulus was not affected by the silane content, regardless of the storage condition, but those groups formulated with at least 5% silane presented improved values after storage. Silane content did not affect the WSl, but affected Wsp, in which those groups formulated with at least 2 wt.% of MPTS produced a more resistant material than G0%. The use of treated particles with at least 2 wt.% of silane was able to produce materials that did not change their gloss after the brushing process. Additionally, these materials presented lower surface roughness than G0% after the brushing process (p < 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE The concentration of MPTS affected the physicochemical properties of nano-filled composites. Therefore, 2 wt.% of silane was the optimized quantity to produce materials resistant to degradation, both in bulk and surface properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Maria Cavalcante
- School of Dentistry, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil; Nucleus for Dental Biomaterials Research, School of Dentistry, Veiga de Almeida University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | | | - Karinne Bueno Antunes
- Nucleus for Dental Biomaterials Research, School of Dentistry, Veiga de Almeida University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Isadora Martini Garcia
- Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Luis Felipe Jochims Schneider
- School of Dentistry, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil; Nucleus for Dental Biomaterials Research, School of Dentistry, Veiga de Almeida University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Mezzomo Collares
- Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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22
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Stürmer M, Garcia IM, Souza VS, Visioli F, Scholten JD, Samuel SMW, Leitune VCB, Collares FM. Titanium dioxide nanotubes with triazine-methacrylate monomer to improve physicochemical and biological properties of adhesives. Dent Mater 2020; 37:223-235. [PMID: 33243438 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Formulate experimental adhesives containing titanium dioxide nanotubes (nt-TiO2) or titanium dioxide nanotubes with a triazine-methacrylate monomer (nt-TiO2:TAT) and evaluate the effect of these fillers on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the adhesives. METHODS First, nt-TiO2 were synthesized via a hydrothermal method. The nt-TiO2 were mixed with a triazine-methacrylate monomer (TAT) to formulate nt-TiO2:TAT, which were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The nt-TiO2, TAT, and nt-TiO2:TAT were evaluated via Fourier Transform Infrared, Ultraviolet-visible, and micro-Raman spectroscopies. An experimental adhesive resin was formulated with bisphenol A glycerolate dimethacrylates, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and photoinitiator/co-initiator system. nt-TiO2 or nt-TiO2:TAT were incorporated at 2.5 wt.% and 5 wt.% in the adhesive. The base resin without nt-TiO2 or nt-TiO2:TAT was used as a control group. The adhesives were evaluated for antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity, polymerization kinetics, degree of conversion (DC), Knoop hardness, softening in solvent (ΔKHN%), ultimate tensile strength (UTS), 24 h- and 1 year- microtensile bond strength (μ-TBS). RESULTS TEM confirmed the nanotubular morphology of TiO2. FTIR, UV-vis, and micro-Raman analyses showed the characteristic peaks of each material, indicating the impregnation of TAT in the nt-TiO2. Adhesives with nt-TiO2:TAT showed antimicrobial activity against biofilm formation compared to control (p < 0.05), without differences in the viability of planktonic bacteria (p > 0.05). All groups showed high percentages of pulp cell viability. The polymerization kinetics varied among groups, but all presented DC above 50%. The addition of 5 wt.% of nt-TiO2 and both groups containing nt-TiO2:TAT showed higher values of Knoop hardness compared to the control (p < 0.05). The groups with nt-TiO2:TAT presented lower ΔKHN% (p < 0.05) and higher UTS (p < 0.05) than the control group. After one year, the group with 5 wt.% of nt-TiO2, as well as both groups containing nt-TiO2:TAT, showed higher μ-TBS than the control (p < 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE The mixing of a triazine-methacrylate monomer with the nt-TiO2 generated a filler that improved the physicochemical properties of the adhesive resins and provided antibacterial activity, which could assist in preventing carious lesions around tooth-resin interfaces. The set of physical, chemical, and biological properties of the formulated polymer, together with the greater stability of the bond strength over time, make nt-TiO2:TAT a promising filler for dental adhesive resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Stürmer
- Dental Materials Department, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2492, Rio Branco, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Isadora M Garcia
- Dental Materials Department, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2492, Rio Branco, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Virgínia S Souza
- Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Bento Gonçalves Avenue, 9500, Agronomia, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Visioli
- Oral Pathology Department, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2492, Rio Branco, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Jackson D Scholten
- Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Bento Gonçalves Avenue, 9500, Agronomia, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Susana M W Samuel
- Dental Materials Department, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2492, Rio Branco, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Vicente C B Leitune
- Dental Materials Department, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2492, Rio Branco, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Fabrício M Collares
- Dental Materials Department, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2492, Rio Branco, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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23
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Kumar D, Bolskar RD, Malone S, Mutreja I, Aparicio C, Jones RS. A Novel Dental Polymer with a Flipped External Ester Group Design that Resists Degradation via Polymer Backbone Preservation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:5609-5619. [PMID: 33178887 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Current dental sealants with methacrylate based chemistry are prone to hydrolytic degradation. A conventional ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) was compared to a novel methacrylate monomer with a flipped external ester group (ethylene glycol ethyl methacrylate - EGEMA) that was designed to resist polymer degradation effects. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and water contact angle confirmed a comparable degree of initial conversion and surface wettability for EGDMA and EGEMA. EGDMA disks initially performed better compared to EGEMA as suggested by higher surface hardness and 1.5 times higher diametral tensile strength (DTS). After 15 weeks of hydrolytic and accelerated aging, EGDMA and EGEMA DTS was reduced by 88% and 44% respectively. This accelerated aging model resulted in 3.3 times higher water sorption for EDGMA than EGEMA disks. EGDMA had an increase in grain boundary defects and visible erosion sites with accelerated aging, while for EGEMA the changes were not significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Kumar
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Moos Health Science Tower, 515 Delaware Street S.E. Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | | | - Sydney Malone
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Moos Health Science Tower, 515 Delaware Street S.E. Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Isha Mutreja
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Moos Health Science Tower, 515 Delaware Street S.E. Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Conrado Aparicio
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Moos Health Science Tower, 515 Delaware Street S.E. Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Robert S Jones
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Moos Health Science Tower, 515 Delaware Street S.E. Minneapolis, MN 55455
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Strategies to Reduce Biofilm Formation in PEEK Materials Applied to Implant Dentistry-A Comprehensive Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9090609. [PMID: 32948018 PMCID: PMC7559429 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9090609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) has emerged in Implant Dentistry with a series of short-time applications and as a promising material to substitute definitive dental implants. Several strategies have been investigated to diminish biofilm formation on the PEEK surface aiming to decrease the possibility of related infections. Therefore, a comprehensive review was carried out in order to compare PEEK with materials widely used nowadays in Implant Dentistry, such as titanium and zirconia, placing emphasis on studies investigating its ability to grant or prevent biofilm formation. Most studies failed to reveal significant antimicrobial activity in pure PEEK, while several studies described new strategies to reduce biofilm formation and bacterial colonization on this material. Those include the PEEK sulfonation process, incorporation of therapeutic and bioactive agents in PEEK matrix or on PEEK surface, PEEK coatings and incorporation of reinforcement agents, in order to produce nanocomposites or blends. The two most analyzed surface properties were contact angle and roughness, while the most studied bacteria were Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Despite PEEK's susceptibility to biofilm formation, a great number of strategies discussed in this study were able to improve its antibiofilm and antimicrobial properties.
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25
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Kreth J, Merritt J, Pfeifer C, Khajotia S, Ferracane J. Interaction between the Oral Microbiome and Dental Composite Biomaterials: Where We Are and Where We Should Go. J Dent Res 2020; 99:1140-1149. [PMID: 32479134 PMCID: PMC7443996 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520927690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental composites are routinely placed as part of tooth restoration procedures. The integrity of the restoration is constantly challenged by the metabolic activities of the oral microbiome. This activity directly contributes to a less-than-desirable half-life for the dental composite formulations currently in use. Therefore, many new antimicrobial dental composites are being developed to counteract the microbial challenge. To ensure that these materials will resist microbiome-derived degradation, the model systems used for testing antimicrobial activities should be relevant to the in vivo environment. Here, we summarize the key steps in oral microbial colonization that should be considered in clinically relevant model systems. Oral microbial colonization is a clearly defined developmental process that starts with the formation of the acquired salivary pellicle on the tooth surface, a conditioned film that provides the critical attachment sites for the initial colonizers. Further development includes the integration of additional species and the formation of a diverse, polymicrobial mature biofilm. Biofilm development is discussed in the context of dental composites, and recent research is highlighted regarding the effect of antimicrobial composites on the composition of the oral microbiome. Future challenges are addressed, including the potential of antimicrobial resistance development and how this could be counteracted by detailed studies of microbiome composition and gene expression on dental composites. Ultimately, progress in this area will require interdisciplinary approaches to effectively mitigate the inevitable challenges that arise as new experimental bioactive composites are evaluated for potential clinical efficacy. Success in this area could have the added benefit of inspiring other fields in medically relevant materials research, since microbial colonization of medical implants and devices is a ubiquitous problem in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Kreth
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - J. Merritt
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - C.S. Pfeifer
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - S. Khajotia
- Department of Restorative Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - J.L. Ferracane
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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26
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How we are assessing the developing antibacterial resin-based dental materials? A scoping review. J Dent 2020; 99:103369. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Mushashe AM, Farias IC, Gonzaga CC, Cunha LFD, Ferracane JL, Correr GM. Surface Deterioration of Indirect Restorative Materials. Braz Dent J 2020; 31:264-271. [PMID: 32667515 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202002982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of in vitro and in situ biodegradation on the surface characteristics of two resin cements and a hybrid ceramic system. One hundred and eighty specimens (4X1.5mm) of each material (Maxcem Elite, NX3 Nexus and Vita Enamic) were made and randomly distributed in twelve groups (n=15) according to the material and biodegradation method. The specimens were then submitted to the following challenges: storage in distilled water 37 ºC for 24 h or 7 days, storage for 7 days, at 37 ºC, in stimulated saliva or in situ. The in situ stage corresponded to the preparation of 15 intraoral palatal devices, used for 7 days. Each device presented 3 niches, where a sample of each materials was accommodated. Specimens from both saliva and in situ groups suffered a cariogenic challenge, corresponding to the application of a solution of 20% of sucrose, 10 times throughout each day. After each biodegradation method, the surface roughness (Ra), Vickers hardness (VHN) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyzes were performed. The data collected were evaluated by Levene test, two-way ANOVA and Tukey`s test (α=5%). The in situ challenge promoted the greater biodegradation, regardless of the material. Regarding the materials, the Vita Enamic VHN was negatively affected by all biodegradation methods and the Nexus NX3 presented better performance than the self-adhesive cement tested. Therefore, within the conditions of this work, it was concluded that in situ biodegradation can affect negatively the surface characteristics of indirect restorative materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jack Libório Ferracane
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health, Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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28
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Yao C, Ahmed MH, Li X, Nedeljkovic I, Vandooren J, Mercelis B, Zhang F, Van Landuyt KL, Huang C, Van Meerbeek B. Zinc-Calcium-Fluoride Bioglass-Based Innovative Multifunctional Dental Adhesive with Thick Adhesive Resin Film Thickness. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:30120-30135. [PMID: 32530270 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c06865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Apart from producing high bond strength to tooth enamel and dentin, a dental adhesive with biotherapeutic potential is clinically desirable, aiming to further improve tooth restoration longevity. In this laboratory study, an experimental two-step universal adhesive, referred to as Exp_2UA, applicable in both the etch-and-rinse (E&R) and self-etch (SE) modes and combining a primer, containing 10-methacryloyloxydecyldihydrogen phosphate as a functional monomer with chemical binding potential to hydroxyapatite, with a bioglass-containing hydrophobic adhesive resin, was multifactorially investigated. In addition to primary property assessment, including measurement of bond strength, water sorption, solubility, and polymerization efficiency, the resultant adhesive-dentin interface was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the filler composition was analyzed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and the bioactive potential of the adhesive was estimated by measuring the long-term ion release and assessing its antienzymatic and antibacterial potential. Four representative commercial adhesives were used as reference/controls. Application in both the E&R and SE modes resulted in a durable bonding performance to dentin, as evidenced by favorable 1 year aged bond strength data and a tight interfacial ultrastructure that, as examined by TEM, remained ultramorphologically unaltered upon 1 year of water storage aging. TEM revealed a 20 μm thick hydrophobic adhesive layer with a homogeneous bioglass filler distribution. Adequate polymerization conversion resulted in extremely low water sorption and solubility. In situ zymography revealed reduced endogenous proteolytic activity, while Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation was inhibited. In conclusion, the three-/two-step E&R/SE Exp_2UA combines the high bonding potential and bond degradation resistance with long-term ion release, rendering the adhesive antienzymatic and antibacterial potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenmin Yao
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), , 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 430079 Wuhan, China
| | - Mohammed H Ahmed
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), , 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dental Biomaterials, Tanta University, 31511 Tanta, Egypt
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), , 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ivana Nedeljkovic
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), , 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Dental Material Sciences, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer Vandooren
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ben Mercelis
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), , 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fei Zhang
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), , 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kirsten L Van Landuyt
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), , 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cui Huang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 430079 Wuhan, China
| | - Bart Van Meerbeek
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), , 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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29
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Manfroi FB, Ethur EM, Somacal DC, Paludo T, Spohr AM. Effect of Cariogenic Challenge on the Degradation of Adhesive-Dentin Interfaces. Braz Dent J 2020; 31:179-185. [PMID: 32556018 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202002904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to evaluate, in vitro, the influence of pH cycling on microtensile bond strength (µTBS) and percentage of nanoleakage (%NL) in the dentin-adhesive interface. Flat dentin surfaces were obtained in 56 extracted third molars. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups (n=14): G1- Single Bond Universal (etch-and-rinse mode); G2- Single Bond Universal (self-etch mode); G3- Scotchbond Multi-Purpose; G4- Clearfil SE Bond. A block of composite was built on the adhesive area. Eight tooth/resin sets were cut parallel to the tooth's long axis to obtain 48 beams (0.8 mm2) for each group. Half of the beams were submitted to four cycles of pH cycling (demineralizing solution for 6 h and remineralizing solution for 18 h). The samples were submitted to µTBS test in a universal testing machine. Six tooth/resin sets were cut parallel to the tooth's long axis to obtain three slices of the central region (1.0 mm thickness). Half of the slices were submitted to pH cycling. The nanoleakage methodology was applied to obtain the %NL at the adhesive interfaces. According to two-way ANOVA, the interaction between factors (adhesive system x storage) was significant (p=0.0001) for µTBS and %NL. After pH cycling, there was a significant decrease in µTBS and a significant increase in %NL for all adhesives. The adhesives applied in the self-etch mode obtained lower %NL, differing significantly from the etch-and-rinse adhesives. It was concluded that the pH cycling negatively influenced the µTBS and %NL for all adhesives evaluated. However, self-etch adhesives allowed less %NL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Borguetti Manfroi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, PUC - Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Miranda Ethur
- Center of Technological Sciences, Industrial Chemistry, UINIVATES - Universidade do Vale do Taquari, Lajeado, RS, Brazil
| | - Deise Caren Somacal
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, PUC - Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tamara Paludo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, PUC - Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Spohr
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, PUC - Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Janiszewska-Olszowska J, Drozdzik A, Tandecka K, Grocholewicz K. Effect of air-polishing on surface roughness of composite dental restorative material - comparison of three different air-polishing powders. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:30. [PMID: 32000753 PMCID: PMC6993449 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-1007-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increased composite roughness enhances bacterial adhesion and discoloration, thus increasing the risk of gingival inflammation and secondary caries. Concerns about detrimental effects of sodium bicarbonate on surface roughness influenced the development of less abrasive powders: a glycine-based powder and an erythritol-based powder, additionally - sodium bicarbonate-based powder of reduced grain size. However, there is limited evidence on effects of these materials on the surface of dental fillings. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of three air-polishing powders (of a reduced abrasiveness) on surface roughness of microhybrid restorative composite material. Material and methods Microhybrid light-cure resin composite samples were placed on 64 plaster cubes and light-cured through polyester strips. Surface roughness was measured using laser confocal microscope (magnification 2160x). The specimens were randomly divided into three groups (n = 20, 20 and 24) and air-polished with: sodium bicarbonate (40 μm), glycine (25 μm) and erythritol (14 μm), respectively. Then surface roughness was remeasured, keeping the same field of observation. Specialized 3D analysis software was used for data processing. Parameters according to ISO 25178: Sa, Sq, Sku, Sp, Sv, Sz, Ssk were used to describe surface roughness. Results Sa, Sq, Sp, Sv, Sz increased significantly following air polishing. Ssk was significantly higher, whereas Sku was significantly lower in sodium bicarbonate and erythritol groups than before air polishing. Comparison between the three powders revealed that Sa was significantly higher in sodium bicarbonate group than in glycine group. Sku was significantly higher in glycine and erythritol groups than in sodium bicarbonate group. Conclusions Sodium bicarbonate has a stronger detrimental effect on composite surface than glycine or erythritol. No advantage of erythritol comparing to glycine could be found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Janiszewska-Olszowska
- Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry Pomeranian Medical, University in Szczecin, al. Powstancow Wlkp, 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Drozdzik
- Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry Pomeranian Medical, University in Szczecin, al. Powstancow Wlkp, 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Tandecka
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Koszalin, University of Technology, ul, Raclawicka 15-17, 75-620, Koszalin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Grocholewicz
- Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry Pomeranian Medical, University in Szczecin, al. Powstancow Wlkp, 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
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Kielbassa AM, Leimer MR, Hartmann J, Harm S, Pasztorek M, Ulrich IB. Ex vivo investigation on internal tunnel approach/internal resin infiltration and external nanosilver-modified resin infiltration of proximal caries exceeding into dentin. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228249. [PMID: 31990942 PMCID: PMC6986723 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This ex vivo proof-of-concept study aimed to investigate the effect of nanosilver particles (AgNP) added to a conventional infiltrant resin (Icon) on external penetration into natural proximal enamel caries exceeding into dentin after internal tunnel preparation and internal infiltration. Carious lesions (ICDAS codes 2/3) of extracted human (pre-)molars revealing proximal caries radiographically exceeding into dentin (E2/D1 lesions) were preselected. Then, 48 of those specimens showing demineralized areas transcending the enamel-dentin border as assessed by means of near-infrared light transillumination (DIAGNOcam) were deproteinized (NaOCl, 5%). Using an internal tunnel approach, occlusal cavities central to the marginal ridge were prepared. Excavation of carious dentin, total etch procedure (H3PO4, 40%), and internal resin infiltration (FITC-labeled) followed, along with final restorations (flowable composite resin). Outer lesion surfaces were etched (HCl, 15%) prior to external infiltration (RITC-labeled). Group 1 (control; n = 24) used non-modified infiltrant, while an infiltrant/AgNP mixture (20 nm; 5.5 wt%) was used with experimental Group 2 (n = 24). Non-infiltrated pores of cut lesions were stained (Berberine), and specimens were analyzed using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Compared to the non-filled infiltrant, incorporation of AgNP had no effect on the resin's external penetration. Between the groups, no significant differences regarding internal or external infiltration could be detected, and non-infiltrated lesion areas did not differ significantly (p>0.109; t-test). The internal tunnel preparation in combination with both an internal resin infiltration and an additional external infiltration approach using a nanosilver-modified infiltrant resin leads to increased infiltrated lesion areas, thus occluding and adhesively stabilizing the porous volume of the demineralized enamel. While exerting antimicrobial effects by the nanosilver particles, this approach should have the potential as a viable treatment alternative for proximal lesions extending into dentin, thus avoiding the sacrifice of sound enamel, postponing the frequently inevitable restoration/re-restoration cycle of conventional proximal caries treatment, and improving dental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej M. Kielbassa
- Centre for Operative Dentistry, Periodontology, and Endodontology, University of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Danube Private University, Krems, Austria
- * E-mail:
| | - Marlene R. Leimer
- Centre for Operative Dentistry, Periodontology, and Endodontology, University of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Danube Private University, Krems, Austria
| | - Jens Hartmann
- Department for Biomedical Research, Danube University, Krems, Austria
| | - Stephan Harm
- Department for Biomedical Research, Danube University, Krems, Austria
| | - Markus Pasztorek
- Department for Biomedical Research, Danube University, Krems, Austria
| | - Ina B. Ulrich
- Centre for Operative Dentistry, Periodontology, and Endodontology, University of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Danube Private University, Krems, Austria
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Bioactive resin-based composite with surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer filler and zwitterionic material to prevent the formation of multi-species biofilm. Dent Mater 2019; 35:1331-1341. [PMID: 31320183 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the synergetic effect between surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (SPRG) filler and 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC), for inhibiting multi-species biofilm formation, while maintaining or even improving the original beneficial features of SPRG-filled resin-based composite (RBC). METHODS MPC (1.5-10wt%) was incorporated into commercial SPRG-filled RBC. Then, the inherent properties of RBC, and ion release and acid-neutralising properties associated with SPRG were investigated. Further, protein adsorptions and bacterial adhesion and viability on the SPRG-filled RBC surfaces were studied using four kinds of oral bacteria; Streptococcus mutans, Actinomyces naeslundii, Veillonella parvula, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Finally, the thickness and biomass of the human saliva-derived biofilm model cultured on test and control samples were analysed. RESULTS Addition of MPC content resulted in decreased flexural strength and wettability of SPRG-filled RBC. SPRG-filled RBC released significantly higher amounts of multiple ions as contents of MPC increased. Meanwhile, SPRG-filled RBC with 5-wt% MPC significantly improved acid-neutralising properties than those of other test and control samples (P<0.001). SPRG-filled RBC with 3wt% MPC significantly reduced the amount of adsorbed bovine serum albumin and proteins from the brain heart infusion medium as compared to the control (P<0.01). A similar trend was observed in the attachment of four types of bacteria and multi-species biofilm (P<0.01). SIGNIFICANCE Despite limitation in terms of deteriorations of some physical properties, addition of 3% MPC to SPRG-filled RBC leads to inhibition of the attachment of multi-species bacteria on its surface, as well as inhibition of biofilm growth. Moreover, the original important bioactive features of SPRG-filled RBC such as ion release and acid neutralisations are either maintained or improved upon adding MPC.
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Algamaiah H, Danso R, Banas J, Armstrong SR, Whang K, Rawls HR, Teixeira EC. The effect of aging methods on the fracture toughness and physical stability of an oxirane/acrylate, ormocer, and Bis-GMA-based resin composites. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:369-375. [PMID: 31104114 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-02912-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the effect of aging methods on the fracture toughness of a conventional Bis-GMA-based resin composite (Filtek Supreme), an ormocer-based resin composite (Admira), and an experimental hydrophobic oxirane/acrylate interpenetrating network resin system (OASys)-based composite. METHODS A 25 × 5 × 2.8-mm stainless-steel mold with 2.5 mm single-edge center notch, following ASTM standards [E399-90], was used to fabricate 135 specimens (n = 15) of the composite materials and randomly distributed into groups. For the baseline group, specimens were fabricated and then tested after 24-h storage in water. For the biofilm challenge, specimens were randomly placed in a six-well tissue culture plate and kept at 37 °C with bacterial growth media (Brain Heart Infusion (BHI); Streptococcus mutans) changed daily for 15 days. For the water storage challenge, specimens were kept in 5 ml of deionized distilled autoclaved water for 30 days at 37 °C. μCT evaluation by scanning the specimens was performed before and after the proposed challenge. Fracture toughness (KIc) testing was carried out following the challenges. RESULTS μCT surface area and volume analyses showed no significant changes regardless of the materials tested or the challenge. Filtek and Admira fracture toughness was significantly lower after the biofilm and water storage challenges. OASys mean fracture toughness values after water aging were significantly higher than that of baseline. Toughness values for OASys composites after biofilm aging were not statistically different when compared to either water or baseline values. CONCLUSION The fracture toughness of Bis-GMA and ormocer-based dental resin composites significantly decreased under water and bacterial biofilm assault. However, such degradation in fracture toughness was not visible in OASys-based composites. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Current commercial dental composites are affected by the oral environment, which might contribute to the long-term performance of these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamad Algamaiah
- Department of Operative Dentistry, The Univeristy of Iowa, College of Dentistry & Dental Clinics, 801 Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, King Saud University College of Dentistry, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Robert Danso
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, UT Health San Antonio, School of Dentistry, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Jeffrey Banas
- Department of Operative Dentistry, The Univeristy of Iowa, College of Dentistry & Dental Clinics, 801 Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Steve R Armstrong
- Department of Operative Dentistry, The Univeristy of Iowa, College of Dentistry & Dental Clinics, 801 Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Kyumin Whang
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, UT Health San Antonio, School of Dentistry, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - H Ralph Rawls
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, UT Health San Antonio, School of Dentistry, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Erica C Teixeira
- Department of Operative Dentistry, The Univeristy of Iowa, College of Dentistry & Dental Clinics, 801 Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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Kwon JS, Lee MJ, Kim JY, Kim D, Ryu JH, Jang S, Kim KM, Hwang CJ, Choi SH. Novel anti-biofouling light-curable fluoride varnish containing 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine to prevent enamel demineralization. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1432. [PMID: 30723241 PMCID: PMC6363795 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38255-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the efficacy of light-curable fluoride varnish (LCFV) that contains 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) in terms of anti-biofouling properties and prevention of tooth enamel demineralization. MPC was mixed with and incorporated into LCFV at 0 (control), 1.5, 3.0, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0, and 40.0 weight percentage (wt%). Addition of high wt% of MPC resulted in increased film thickness and decreased the degree of conversion, indicating loss of the advantageous properties of LCFV. Addition of 1.5, 3, or 5 wt% MPC significantly reduced the amount of bovine serum albumin adsorbed from a solution and proteins adsorbed from brain heart infusion medium compared to the control (P < 0.001). A similar pattern was observed for bacterial adhesion: significantly less Streptococcus mutans cells adhered on the surface of LCFV with 1.5, 3, or 5 wt% MPC (P < 0.001) than on the control, and similar results were obtained for Actinomyces naeslundii and Streptococcus sanguinis adherence to LCFV with 3 wt% MPC. Finally, bacterial adhesion, surface microhardness loss, and the depth of demineralization were substantially lower on bovine tooth enamel surface coated with LCFV containing 3 wt% of MPC than in the control treatment (0 wt% MPC). Therefore, this novel LCFV containing a low concentration of MPC (e.g., 3 wt%) would be effective in anti-biofouling while maintaining the important advantageous features of light-curable fluoride in preventing demineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Sung Kwon
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Jin Lee
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Kim
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohyun Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyun Ryu
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungil Jang
- BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Mahn Kim
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung-Ju Hwang
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Choi
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Brum RS, Monich PR, Fredel MC, Contri G, Ramoa SDAS, Magini RS, Benfatti CAM. Polymer coatings based on sulfonated-poly-ether-ether-ketone films for implant dentistry applications. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2018; 29:132. [PMID: 30094472 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-018-6139-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) is one of the most important biocompatible polymers and its sulfonation has been studied for biomedical applications. The aim of the present study is to produce, to characterize and to assess bioactivity of PEEK coatings with sulfonated PEEK (SPEEK) films. Biomedical grade PEEK (Invibio®, Batch: D0602, grade: NI1) was functionalized using sulfuric acid 98%. SPEEK was dissolved into DMSO or into DMF, both at 10% mass/volume. PEEK bars (N = 18) and cylinders (N = 27) were manufactured by compression molding and heating. SPEEK/DMSO and SPEEK/DMF were drop casted at PEEK bars and dip coated at PEEK cylinders (PEEK + SPEEK/DMSO and PEEK + SPEEK/DMF). Characterization was performed through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and contact angle measurements. Bioactivity was assessed by immersion of samples at SBF for 1, 7 and 21 days, followed by SEM, energy-dispersive analysis (EDX) and FTIR analysis. Statistical analysis was carried out by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (p = 0.05). Characteristic bands of PEEK and SPEEK, were identified through FTIR spectrum analysis, while semicrystallinity was confirmed by XRD. PEEK + SPEEK/DMF showed more evident physicochemical modifications. PEEK + SPEEK/DMSO provided a more regular and hydrophobic surface, observed through SEM and contact angle measurements. SEM/EDX showed that precipitates of calcium were formed at PEEK + SPEEK/DMSO and PEEK + SPEEK/DMF at all experimental times, but materials were not considered bioactive. Interesting surface properties were achieved with SPEEK coatings but the production of SPEEK films at PEEK surface has to be further improved and biologically tested. Schematic diagram showing the methodology applied in this study to prepare PEEK and SPEEK samples, as well as the promising application of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Brum
- Center for Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), School of Dentistry (ODT), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis/SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - P R Monich
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (EMC), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis/SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - M C Fredel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (EMC), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis/SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - G Contri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (EMC), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis/SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - S D A S Ramoa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (EMC), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis/SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - R S Magini
- Center for Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), School of Dentistry (ODT), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis/SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - C A M Benfatti
- Center for Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), School of Dentistry (ODT), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis/SC, 88040-900, Brazil
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Rokaya D, Srimaneepong V, Sapkota J, Qin J, Siraleartmukul K, Siriwongrungson V. Polymeric materials and films in dentistry: An overview. J Adv Res 2018; 14:25-34. [PMID: 30364755 PMCID: PMC6198729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of polymeric materials (PMs) and polymeric films (PMFs) has increased in medicine and dentistry. This increasing interest is attributed to not only the excellent surfaces of PMs and PMFs but also their desired mechanical and biological properties, low production cost, and ease in processing, allowing them to be tailored for a wide range of applications. Specifically, PMs and PMFs are used in dentistry for their antimicrobial, drug delivery properties; in preventive, restorative and regenerative therapies; and for corrosion and friction reduction. PMFs such as acrylic acid copolymers are used as a dental adhesive; polylactic acids are used for dental pulp and dentin regeneration, and bioactive polymers are used as advanced drug delivery systems. The objective of this article was to review the literatures on the latest advancements in the use of PMs and PMFs in medicine and dentistry. Published literature (1990–2017) on PMs and PMFs for use in medicine and dentistry was reviewed using MEDLINE/PubMed and ScienceDirect resources. Furthermore, this review also explores the diversity of latest PMs and PMFs that have been utilized in dental applications, and analyzes the benefits and limitations of PMs and PMFs. Most of the PMs and PMFs have shown to improve the biomechanical properties of dental materials, but in future, more clinical studies are needed to create better treatment guidelines for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Rokaya
- Biomaterial and Material for Dental Treatment, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Viritpon Srimaneepong
- Biomaterial and Material for Dental Treatment, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Janak Sapkota
- Institute of Polymer Processing, Department of Polymer Engineering and Science, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Otto-Glockel Strasse 2, 800 Leoben, Austria
| | - Jiaqian Qin
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute (MMRI), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Krisana Siraleartmukul
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute (MMRI), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vilailuck Siriwongrungson
- College of Advanced Manufacturing Innovations, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology, Ladkrabang, Thailand
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