1
|
Chen H, Zhang J, Hill R, Baysan A. Evaluation of toothpastes for treating root carious lesions - a laboratory-based pilot study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:484. [PMID: 38649931 PMCID: PMC11036671 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04061-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Root caries is preventable and can be arrested at any stage of disease development. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential mineral exchange and fluorapatite formation within artificial root carious lesions (ARCLs) using different toothpastes containing 5,000 ppm F, 1,450 ppm F or bioactive glass (BG) with 540 ppm F. MATERIALS AND METHODS The crowns of each extracted sound tooth were removed. The remaining roots were divided into four parts (n = 12). Each sample was randomly allocated into one of four groups: Group 1 (Deionised water); Group 2 (BG with 540 ppm F); Group 3 (1,450 ppm F) and Group 4 (5,000 ppm F). ARCLs were developed using demineralisation solution (pH 4.8). The samples were then pH-cycled in 13 days using demineralisation solution (6 h) and remineralisation solution (pH 7) (16 h). Standard tooth brushing was carried out twice a day with the assigned toothpaste. X-ray Microtomography (XMT) was performed for each sample at baseline, following ARCL formation and after 13-day pH-cycling. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and 19F Magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (19F-MAS-NMR) were also performed. RESULTS XMT results showed that the highest mineral content increase (mean ± SD) was Group 4 (0.09 ± 0.05), whilst the mineral content decreased in Group 1 (-0.08 ± 0.06) after 13-day pH-cycling, however there was evidence of mineral loss within the subsurface for Groups 1, 3 and 4 (p < 0.05). SEM scans showed that mineral contents within the surface of dentine tubules were high in comparison to the subsurface in all toothpaste groups. There was evidence of dentine tubules being either partially or completely occluded in toothpaste groups. 19F-MAS-NMR showed peaks between - 103 and - 104ppm corresponding to fluorapatite formation in Groups 3 and 4. CONCLUSION Within the limitation of this laboratory-based study, all toothpastes were potentially effective to increase the mineral density of artificial root caries on the surface, however there was evidence of mineral loss within the subsurface for Groups 1, 3 and 4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Chen
- Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Robert Hill
- Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Aylin Baysan
- Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shen D, Zhou Z, Xu Y, Shao C, Shi Y, Zhao W, Tang R, Pan H, Yu M, Hannig M, Fu B. Reversion of ACP Nanoparticles into Prenucleation Clusters via Surfactant for Promoting Biomimetic Mineralization: A Physicochemical Understanding of Biosurfactant Role in Biomineralization Process. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303488. [PMID: 38265149 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Amphiphilic biomolecules are abundant in mineralization front of biological hard tissues, which play a vital role in osteogenesis and dental hard tissue formation. Amphiphilic biomolecules function as biosurfactants, however, their biosurfactant role in biomineralization process has never been investigated. This study, for the first time, demonstrates that aggregated amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) nanoparticles can be reversed into dispersed ultrasmall prenucleation clusters (PNCs) via breakdown and dispersion of the ACP nanoparticles by a surfactant. The reduced surface energy of ACP@TPGS and the electrostatic interaction between calcium ions and the pair electrons on oxygen atoms of C-O-C of D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) provide driving force for breakdown and dispersion of ACP nanoparticles into ultrasmall PNCs which promote in vitro and in vivo biomimetic mineralization. The ACP@TPGS possesses excellent biocompatibility without any irritations to oral mucosa and dental pulp. This study not only introduces surfactant into biomimetic mineralization field, but also excites attention to the neglected biosurfactant role during biomineralization process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongni Shen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Zihuai Zhou
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Yuedan Xu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Changyu Shao
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Weijia Zhao
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Ruikang Tang
- Center for Biomaterials and Biopathways, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310000, China
| | - Haihua Pan
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310000, China
| | - Mengfei Yu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, 66424, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Baiping Fu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Meng Q, Wang Y, He J, Chen L, Meng J, Lyons K, Mei ML. The effect of combined use of resin infiltration with different bioactive calcium phosphate-based approaches on enamel white spot lesions: An in vitro study. J Dent 2024; 143:104909. [PMID: 38428717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of resin infiltration combined with casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate with fluoride (CPP-ACPF) or bioactive glass (BAG) on the stability of enamel white spot lesions (WSLs) treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty-four enamel blocks were prepared from the buccal surfaces of sound human premolars. All enamel blocks were placed in a demineralisation solution for 3 days to establish the artificial enamel WSLs. Enamel blocks with WSLs were randomly divided into three groups (n = 28 each group): RI/B: one-off resin infiltration followed by twice daily BAG treatment; RI/C: one-off resin infiltration followed by twice daily CPP-ACPF treatment; RI: one-off resin infiltration treatment only (as control) and subjected to pH cycling for 7 days. Surface morphology, elemental analysis, crystal characteristics, surface roughness and microhardness of enamel surfaces were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectrometry observation, X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscope and Vickers' hardness testing, respectively. RESULTS Mean values of the surface roughness (mean±standard deviation (nm)) were 24.52±5.07, 27.39±5.87 and 34.36±4.55 for groups RI/B, RI/C and RI respectively (p = 0.003). The calcium to phosphate ratios were 1.32±0.16, 1.22±0.26 and 0.69±0.24 for groups RI/B, RI/C and RI respectively (p < 0.001). XRD revealed apatite formation in all three groups. The mean enamel surface microhardness (kg/mm2) of the groups were 353.93±28.49, 339.00±27.32 and 330.38±22.55 for groups RI/B, RI/C and RI respectively (p = 0.216). CONCLUSIONS Resin infiltration combined with CPP-ACPF or BAG remineralisation appears to improve the surface properties of WSLs. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The combination of resin infiltration and CPP-ACPF/BAG remineralisation may be a potential treatment for the management of the WSLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingfei Meng
- Department of Stomatology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China; Department of Stomatology, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Stomatology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Jingyu He
- Department of Stomatology, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Xuzhou first People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Jian Meng
- Department of Stomatology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China; Department of Stomatology, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Karl Lyons
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - May Lei Mei
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zamperini CA, Bedran-Russo AK. Immediate and Sustained Root Caries Prevention of Fluoride Varnish Combined with Toothpastes. Caries Res 2023; 57:592-601. [PMID: 37549651 DOI: 10.1159/000533279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the immediate and sustained effect of a fluoride varnish and its combinations with toothpastes in preventing root caries development using a salivary microcosm in vitro model. Human root dentin specimens (n = 150) were randomly divided into 5 experimental protocols (n = 30): (1) Fluoride Varnish (V); (2) V followed by Paste One (V + PO); (3) V followed by Paste Plus (V + PP); (4) V followed by PO and PP (V + PO + PP); and (5) No treatment (control). One varnish layer was applied on the specimens (except for the control group) and kept for 18 h. Then, the varnish was removed and toothpaste treatments were initiated according to experimental groups. For the short-term incubation model (n = 15), the specimens were also immediately subjected to 7-day cariogenic challenge. For that, human saliva was used as bacterial inoculum and McBain artificial saliva containing 2% sucrose as growth medium. The other half of the specimens (n = 15) were used to study the varnish's sustained effect by long-term incubation (8 weeks) before cariogenic challenge. The protocols' anti-caries properties were evaluated by dentin porosity (rhodamine intensity; RI) and mineral density, while their anti-biofilm effects were evaluated using biofilm's biomass and viability assays. For short- and long-term incubation models, all experimental regimens resulted in statistically significant decreases (p < 0.05) in the RI (up to 180 μm and 120 μm, respectively) as well as higher mineral density compared to No treatment (p < 0.001). V + PO + PP and/or V + PO resulted in statistically lower RI compared to V for some depths (p < 0.05) in both models. There were changes in RI and mineral density within groups over time. All experimental treatments exhibited anti-biofilm effects. All prevention protocols exhibited immediate and sustained anti-caries effect against root caries development. The combination of a fluoride varnish with PO resulted in superior additional anti-caries effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila A Zamperini
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ana K Bedran-Russo
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen H, Hill R, Baysan A. The effect of different concentrations of fluoride in toothpastes with or without bioactive glass on artificial root caries. J Dent 2023; 133:104499. [PMID: 36965858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of different toothpastes either containing 5,000ppm-F, 1,450ppm-F or bioactive glass (BG) with 540ppm-F on artificial root carious lesions (ARCLs). METHOD The crowns of 23 extracted sound teeth were removed leaving their roots only. Subsequently, each root was divided into four parts. A total of 15 sound root dentine (SRD) was left untreated as baseline. The ARCLs were developed for the remaining roots using demineralisation solution (pH-4.8). 15-ARCLs samples were then left untreated. The rest of samples were divided into four groups (n=15 each) and treated with Group-1(BG with 540ppm-F); Group-2(5,000ppm-F); Group-3(1,450ppm-F) and Group-4(deionised water). 13-day pH-cycling included using demineralisation solution for 6hrs, then placing samples into remineralisation solution (pH-7) for 16hrs. Each sample was brushed with the assigned toothpaste twice a day during pH-cycling. Fluoride concentrations at each time point were measured using F-ISE, whilst calcium (Ca2+) and phosphorus (P) ion release was determined using ICP-OES, KHN, XRD, 19F-MAS-NMR analyses. RESULTS KHN showed significant surface changes for each group (p<0.001). The uptake of Ca2+ occurred at days 1-2, phosphorus ion loss was high when compared to the uptake in all groups. XRD showed presence of sharp diffraction lines evidencing apatite formation for Groups 1-3. 19F-MAS-NMR confirmed fluorapatite presence in Groups 1-3. CONCLUSION All toothpastes were promising in fluorapatite formation. BG with 540ppm-F toothpaste released more ions (Ca2+and P) and reharden the artificial root carious lesions when compared to other groups. However, 1,450ppm-F toothpaste showed more fluoride-substituted apatite formation whilst 5,000ppm-F toothpaste had more fluorapatite formation. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Toothpaste containing BG with 540ppm-F, 5,000ppm-F and 1,450ppm-F toothpastes are likely to have a significant impact in reversing and arresting root caries. However, randomised controlled double-blinded clinical trials are required to translate these results into clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Chen
- Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Robert Hill
- Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Aylin Baysan
- Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ergucu Z, Yoruk I, Erdoğan A, Boyacıoğlu H, Hill R, Baysan A. The Use of Toothpastes Containing Different Formulations of Fluoride and Bioglass on Bleached Enamel. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1368. [PMID: 36836998 PMCID: PMC9963374 DOI: 10.3390/ma16041368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the application of toothpaste either containing calcium sodium phospho-silicate bioglass (NovaMin) or calcium fluorosilicate bioglass (BioMinF) on the surface mineral composition and morphology of enamel after bleaching procedure. Methods: Thirty extracted noncarious human teeth were allocated into five groups (n = 6). Group 1: Bleaching using 40% hydrogen peroxide (HP) and fluoridated toothpaste containing bioactive glass (1450 ppm fluoride). Group 2: Bleaching using 40%HP and toothpaste containing calcium fluorosilicate bioglass (540 ppm fluoride). Group 3: Bleaching using 40%HP and fluoridated toothpaste (1450 ppm fluoride). Group 4: Bleaching alone using 40%HP. Group 5: Negative control with distilled water alone. The surface morphology was evaluated using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Scanning Probe Microscope (SPM). The concentration of elements as atomic percentages were determined by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). Results: This laboratory-based study reported that SPM and SEM detected minor changes on the surfaces of all toothpaste-treated enamel samples (Groups 1-3) after 45 days. Bioactive glass deposits were observed on enamel surfaces in Groups 1 and 2, whilst the bleaching-alone samples (Group 4) had rough enamel surfaces. XPS reported that toothpaste containing calcium fluorosilicate bioglass (Group 2) had a high atomic% of calcium and phosphate, whilst silicon values were high in the toothpaste containing bioactive glass and 1450 ppm fluoride (Group 1) after bleaching procedure when compared to other groups (p < 0.05). In addition, EDS detected the highest %F in Groups 1, 2 and 5. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this laboratory-based study, there was no significant decrease in the Ca%, P% values and surface properties of enamel after the bleaching procedure following the use of different formulations of toothpastes for a period of 45 days. However, the Ca% and P% values were significantly high for the toothpaste containing calcium fluorosilicate bioglass (BioMinF) on the bleached enamel. Clinical relevance: The bleaching process can provide optimum aesthetic outcomes, but the effect of peroxides on hard tissues is still in question. Toothpastes containing different formulations of fluoride and bioactive glass might have the potential to prevent mineral loss on bleached enamel. However, further laboratory-based studies and controlled double-blind randomised clinical trials are required to interpret the effects of toothpastes with different fluoride and bioactive glass formulations on enamel surfaces following bleaching procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Ergucu
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, 35040 Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Inci Yoruk
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, 35040 Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Ayşegül Erdoğan
- Ege University Application and Research Center for Testing and Analysis (EGE MATAL), Ege University, 35040 Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Hayal Boyacıoğlu
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35040 Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Robert Hill
- Centre for Oral Bioengineering, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University, London E1 2AD, UK
| | - Aylin Baysan
- Centre for Oral Bioengineering, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University, London E1 2AD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Enax J, Meyer F, Schulze zur Wiesche E, Epple M. On the Application of Calcium Phosphate Micro- and Nanoparticles as Food Additive. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4075. [PMID: 36432359 PMCID: PMC9693044 DOI: 10.3390/nano12224075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The human body needs calcium and phosphate as essential nutrients to grow bones and teeth, but they are also necessary for many other biochemical purposes (e.g., the biosynthesis of phospholipids, adenosine triphosphate, ATP, or DNA). The use of solid calcium phosphate in particle form as a food additive is reviewed and discussed in terms of bioavailability and its safety after ingestion. The fact that all calcium phosphates, such as hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate, are soluble in the acidic environment of the stomach, regardless of the particle size or phase, means that they are present as dissolved ions after passing through the stomach. These dissolved ions cannot be distinguished from a mixture of calcium and phosphate ions that were ingested separately, e.g., from cheese or milk together with soft drinks or meat. Milk, including human breast milk, is a natural source of calcium and phosphate in which calcium phosphate is present as nanoscopic clusters (nanoparticles) inside casein (protein) micelles. It is concluded that calcium phosphates are generally safe as food additives, also in baby formula.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Enax
- Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Research Department, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Frederic Meyer
- Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Research Department, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Erik Schulze zur Wiesche
- Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Research Department, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sleibi A, Ozel B, Anderson P, Baysan A. Comparison of different bioglass applications on root caries – A laboratory-based study. Saudi Dent J 2022; 34:572-578. [PMID: 36267524 PMCID: PMC9577335 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this in-vitro study was to assess the effect of bioglass with different concentrations on root caries. Ninety freshly-extracted teeth with root caries were randomly assigned to a single-use prophylaxis paste containing 15 % bioglass for 30 s with 1,450 ppmF toothpaste (15 % bioglass, n = 30), 1,450 ppmF toothpaste with 5 % bioglass (5 % bioglass, n = 30), and toothpaste containing 1,450 ppmF (Control, n = 30). Each sample received a standard brushing procedure for 10 s twice a day using the toothpastes. Teeth were immersed in remineralising solution with pH of 7 at 37 °C for 720 h. Surface roughness (Ra) was measured at baseline and after the application of the products at 0.5, 1, 4, 12, 24, 48, 168, 336 and 720 h. Subsequently, three samples from each group were randomly selected to measure calcium ion release over 15 h immersion in deionised water. These samples were then analysed using the SEM for the qualitative assessment of lesion topography. Repeated measures ANOVA, Wilcoxon paired tests and percentage changes were carried out to assess Ra. Calcium ion release data was analysed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests. After 720 h, 15 % bioglass had the highest decrease in Ra (Mean-difference = 1.502 µm, p = 0.001), then 5 % bioglass (Mean-difference = 0.723 µm, p = 0.09) whereas the control had the lowest Ra decrease (Mean-difference = 0.518 µm, p = 0.55). The differences in Ra between the groups were highly significant (p < 0.001). The cumulative calcium ion release was significantly high for the 5 % bioglass in comparison to the 15 % bioglass, whilst the control had the lowest release (p < 0.001). SEM analysis showed the presence of bioglass particles only on 15 % bioglass samples. The use of prophylaxis paste with 15 % bioglass and 1,450 ppmF toothpaste was promising to reverse/arrest root caries when compared to the toothpaste containing 1,450 ppmF with 5 % bioglass for a period of 30 days.
Collapse
|
9
|
Efficacy of a Novel Bioactive Glass-Polymer Composite for Enamel Remineralization following Erosive Challenge. Int J Dent 2022; 2022:6539671. [PMID: 35497177 PMCID: PMC9054491 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6539671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dental caries is the most common cause of tooth loss. However, it can be stopped by enhancing remineralization. Fluoride and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) are among the most important remineralizing agents. Recent studies have used bioactive glass as a remineralizing agent in different forms. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a composite paste (prepared by mixing urethane polypropylene glycol oligomer with bioactive glass powder for easier application). Materials and Methods Enamel disks were cut out of the buccal surface of extracted sound third molars. The samples were randomly divided into 3 groups of 15 and underwent Vickers microhardness test. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM/EDS) were performed. All samples were immersed in a demineralizing solution for 14 days. The tests were then repeated. Next, bioactive glass paste, fluoride, and CPP-ACP were applied on the surface of the samples and they were then stored in an artificial saliva for 14 days. The tests were repeated again. The microhardness values were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA followed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test (P < 0.05). Results The microhardness of the bioactive glass group was significantly higher than that of other groups (P < 0.05). XRD revealed an enamel structure more similar to sound enamel in the bioactive glass and CPP-ACP groups compared with the fluoride group. FESEM/EDS revealed higher hydroxyapatite deposition in the bioactive glass group than in the other two groups. Conclusions All three remineralizing agents caused remineralization, but bioactive glass paste had a greater efficacy.
Collapse
|
10
|
González-Sotelo A, Contreras-Bulnes R, Rodríguez-Vilchis LE, Moyaho-Bernal MDLA, Rubio-Rosas E, Cerna-Cortez JR. Enamel demineralization model in primary teeth: Micro-CT and SEM assessments of artificial incipient lesion. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:1577-1585. [PMID: 33527566 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have analyzed different tooth demineralization models, which generate artificial incipient lesions; however, most of them are complex, slow, not clear and results could not be employed in both primary and permanent teeth because of chemical content differences among them. This study evaluates a demineralization model on primary enamel, under three incubation periods; quantifying artificial incipient lesions formation, and depth by micro-CT, complementing with SEM for morphological characterization. Sixteen healthy human anterior primary teeth extracted for prolonged retention and orthopedic/orthodontic reasons were included in this study, previous informed consent. The sample was randomly assigned to four groups n = 4: G_Control, G_2D, G_4D, and G_7D. Micro-CT and SEM were performed during two stages: before demineralization (BD) and after demineralization (AD). A t-student test was carried out to determine differences among groups (p ≤ .05). No incipient lesions were observed in control group. Artificial lesion depth was similar among experimental groups; values were from 38.16 ± 05.40 μm to 42.61 ± 04.75 μm. An amount of 14 to 17 artificial incipient lesions were formed per group, the extension and distribution were different for each incubation period. Five erosive lesions were produced in G_7D. All experimental groups were able to form incipient artificial lesions in primary enamel. SEM characterization revealed more pronounced changes on the enamel surface, as the days of immersion in the demineralization solution increased. The 4-day incubation period is the most recommended for the demineralization model, due to the formation of incipient lesions only and its extension, which facilitates their assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arlete González-Sotelo
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Facultad de Odontología, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Odontología (CIEAO), Jesús Carranza esq. Paseo Tollocan, Col. Universidad, Toluca, Estado de México, C.P. 50130, México
| | - Rosalía Contreras-Bulnes
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Facultad de Odontología, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Odontología (CIEAO), Jesús Carranza esq. Paseo Tollocan, Col. Universidad, Toluca, Estado de México, C.P. 50130, México
| | - Laura E Rodríguez-Vilchis
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Facultad de Odontología, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Odontología (CIEAO), Jesús Carranza esq. Paseo Tollocan, Col. Universidad, Toluca, Estado de México, C.P. 50130, México
| | - Maria de Los Angeles Moyaho-Bernal
- Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Facultad de Estomatología, Av. Manuel Espinosa Yglesias 31 Pte. 1304, Col. Los Volcanes, Puebla, Puebla, C.P. 72570, México
| | - Efraín Rubio-Rosas
- Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Dirección de Innovación y Transferencia de Conocimiento, Prolongación de la 24 Sur y Av. San Claudio, Ciudad Universitaria, Col. San Manuel, Puebla, Puebla, C.P. 72570, México
| | - Jorge R Cerna-Cortez
- Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Centro Avanzado de Pruebas Analíticas No Destructivas, Blvd Valsequillo y esquina Blvd Municipio libre S/N, Cd Universitaria, Col. San Manuel, Puebla, C.P. 72570, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cai J, Burrow MF, Manton DJ, Hardiman R, Palamara JEA. Remineralising effects of fluoride varnishes containing calcium phosphate on artificial root caries lesions with adjunctive application of proanthocyanidin. Dent Mater 2020; 37:143-157. [PMID: 33267974 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the remineralising effects of fluoride (F) varnishes containing bioavailable calcium-phosphate compound (Ca-P) based remineralisation systems and 5000 ppm F toothpaste (FTP) on root caries lesions (RCLs) and the potential effects of proanthocyanidin (PA) for the treatments of RCLs when used as an adjunct to F regimens. METHODS Demineralised root dentine and a pH-cycling model were used to mimic RCLs and the oral environment. Remineralising effects of MI VarnishTM (MIV) containing casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) and Clinpro™ White Varnish (CPWV) containing tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) along with FTP and PA were evaluated regarding the birefringence, elemental composition, mechanical properties and mineral density of remineralised dentine with DuraphatTM as a comparison. RESULTS MIV, CPWV and DuraphatTM promoted the incorporation of F into RCLs and increased mineral density but did not change microhardness of root dentine significantly. Surface microhardness increased significantly when MIV or CPWV was used with 5000 ppm FTP. Application of PA with F regimens significantly increased subsurface mineral density. When PA was applied with MIV or CPWV along with FTP, the highest ion uptake and relative mineral gain (%ΔZ) was achieved, and significant increase of microhardness was up to 30 μm depth. Generally, MIV was associated with a higher mineral content gain than CPWV. SIGNIFICANCE Treatment of carious root surfaces remains challenging due to the complex pathological processes and difficulty in restoring the highly organised structure of root dentine. Treatment strategies targeting both remineralisation and preservation of the dentinal organic matrix have the potential to improve the fluoride-mediated remineralisation approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cai
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Michael F Burrow
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia; Faculty of Dentistry, the University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - David J Manton
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia; Centrum voor Tandheelkunde en Mondzorgkunde, UMCG, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rita Hardiman
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Joseph E A Palamara
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mineral exchange within restorative materials following incomplete carious lesion removal using 3D non-destructive XMT subtraction methodology. J Dent 2020; 99:103389. [PMID: 32492503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to quantify the changes in mineral and selected element concentrations within residual carious dentine and restorative materials following incomplete carious lesion removal (ICLR) using different cavity liners, with non-destructive subtraction 3D-X-ray Microtomography (XMT, QMUL, London, UK). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 126 extracted teeth with deep dental caries were assessed using International Caries Risk and Assessment (ICDAS). Eight teeth were subsequently selected after radiographic evaluation. Each lesion was removed, leaving a thin layer of leathery dentine at the deepest part of cavity. Different cavity lining materials were placed; Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), calcium hydroxide, (Ca(OH)2), resin-based material (RBM). For each, the restorative material was an encapsulated glass ionomer (GIC) and the control group had a GIC restoration alone. Each tooth was immediately placed in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF). All samples were then imaged using XMT at baseline, and three weeks after treament. The XMT images were then subtracted to show the mineral concentration changes three weeks after treatment. RESULTS There were significant increases in mineral concentrations within the residual demineralised dentine in individual teeth treated with Ca(OH)2, MTA, RBM, and GIC following immersion in SBF for three weeks. GIC group without any liners showed the greatest increase in mineral concentration, followed by MTA and Ca(OH)2. CONCLUSION Mineral changes in demineralised dentine and within restorative materials are quantifiable using non-destructive 3D-XMT subtraction methodology. This laboratory study suggested that calcium, phosphate and strontium ion-exchange occurs with GIC, MTA and Ca(OH)2 in deep dentinal lesions following ICLR. CLINICAL RELEVANCE In clinical practice, incomplete carious lesion removal could be performed to avoid the dental pulp exposure. 3D non-destructive XMT subtraction methodology in a laboratory setting is advantageous to provide evidence for different restorative materials on deep carious lesions prior to clinical investigations.
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhou Z, Ge X, Bian M, Xu T, Li N, Lu J, Yu J. Remineralization of dentin slices using casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate combined with sodium tripolyphosphate. Biomed Eng Online 2020; 19:18. [PMID: 32245476 PMCID: PMC7119276 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-020-0756-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The remineralization approach mechanically occludes the exposed dentinal tubules mechanically, reduces the permeability of dentinal tubules and eliminates the symptoms of dentin hypersensitivity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the remineralization of demineralized dentin slices using CPP–ACP combined with TPP, and the research hypothesis was that CPP–ACP combined with TPP could result in extrafibrillar and intrafibrillar remineralization of dentin. Methods Demineralized dentin slices were prepared and randomly divided into the following groups: A (the CPP–ACP group), B (the CPP–ACP + TPP combination group), C (the artificial saliva group), D (the negative control group), and E (the positive control group). Dentin slice samples from groups A, B and C were remineralized and the remineralization effect was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), attenuated total reflection–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR–FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Results Treatment with CPP–ACP combined with TPP occluded the dentinal tubules and resulted in remineralization of collagen fibrils. The hydroxyapatite crystals formed via remineralization were found to closely resemble the natural dentin components. Conclusion CPP–ACP combined with TPP has a good remineralization effect on demineralized dentin slices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Zhou
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingyun Ge
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minxia Bian
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Na Li
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiamin Lu
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinhua Yu
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China. .,Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wu L, Geng K, Gao Q. Effects of different anti-caries procedures on microhardness and micromorphology of irradiated permanent enamel. Dent Mater J 2020; 39:118-125. [PMID: 31582598 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2018-385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To explore the effects of infiltration resin, casein phosphate polypeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) and fluoride on microhardness and micromorphology of irradiated enamel. Sixty human permanent teeth were mesiodistally sectioned, yielding 120 enamel samples, which randomly divided into 8 groups: G1: blank control; G2: irradiation control; G3: irradiation+fluoride; G4: irradiation+CPP-ACP; G5: irradiation+CPP-ACP+fluoride; G6: irradiation+infiltration resin; G7: irradiation+infiltration resin+fluoride; G8: irradiation+infiltration resin+CPP-ACP. A progressive improvement was observed on the superficial morphology of enamel treated with different anti-caries procedures. The order of microhardness values after irradiation from the highest to the lowest was as follows: G1>G8~G7>G6>G5>G4~G3>G2. CPP-ACP, infiltration resin and fluoride can effectively restore the direct destruction of enamel caused by irradiation and promote the occurrence of remineralization. Infiltration resin and its combined effects with fluoride or CPP-ACP have the most potential anti-caries agent to resist radiation-caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- LiLing Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University.,Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Kun Geng
- Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - QingPing Gao
- Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mechanisms of Bioactive Glass on Caries Management: A Review. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12244183. [PMID: 31842454 PMCID: PMC6947261 DOI: 10.3390/ma12244183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review investigates the mechanisms of bioactive glass on the management of dental caries. Four databases (PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE (via Ovid), Medline (via Ovid)) were systematically searched using broad keywords and terms to identify the literature pertaining to the management of dental caries using "bioactive glass". Titles and abstracts were scrutinized to determine the need for full-text screening. Data were extracted from the included articles regarding the mechanisms of bioactive glass on dental caries management, including the aspect of remineralizing effect on enamel and dentine caries, and antimicrobial effect on cariogenic bacteria. After removal of duplicates, 1992 articles were identified for screening of the titles and abstracts. The full texts of 49 publications were scrutinized and 23 were finally included in this review. Four articles focused on the antimicrobial effect of bioactive glass. Twelve papers discussed the effect of bioactive glass on demineralized enamel, while 9 articles investigated the effect of bioactive glass on demineralized dentine. In conclusion, bioactive glass can remineralize caries and form apatite on the surface of enamel and dentine. In addition, bioactive glass has an antibacterial effect on cariogenic bacteria of which may help to prevent and arrest dental caries.
Collapse
|
16
|
Sleibi A, Tappuni AR, Karpukhina NG, Hill RG, Baysan A. A comparative evaluation of ion release characteristics of three different dental varnishes containing fluoride either with CPP-ACP or bioactive glass. Dent Mater 2019; 35:1695-1705. [PMID: 31563405 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.08.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare ion release characteristics of three different dental varnishes either containing CPP-ACP and fluoride (CPP-ACPF, MI Varnish GC, Japan), bioactive glass and fluoride (BGAF, Dentsply Sirona USA) or fluoride alone (NUPRO White, Dentsply Sirona USA) using fluoride-Ion Selective Electrode (F-ISE), Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), 19F and 31P Magic Angle Spinning-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MAS-NMR). METHODS A thin layer (0.0674±0.0005g) of each varnish (20×25mm in area) was spread on a roughened glass slide (n=7). They were separately immersed in 10ml Tris buffer (0.06M, pH=7.30), and changed after 1, 2, 4, 6, 24 and 48h. Fluoride-ion concentration at each time using the F-ISE, whilst calcium and phosphate release were investigated using ICP-OES. XRD, FTIR. MAS-NMR analyses were also performed before and after immersion. RESULTS The cumulative F-ion release was significantly higher in CPP-ACPF (1.113mmol/g)>BGAF(0.638)>F(0.112) (p<0.001). The cumulative calcium and phosphorus were higher in the CPP-ACPF (0.137mmol/g, 0.119) than BGAF (0.067, 0.015) (p<0.001) respectively. The XRD and 19F MAS-NMR confirmed the presence of NaF peaks in all cases before immersion. There were less prominent signal and appearance of fluorapatite crystals after immersion. 19F MAS-NMR revealed CaF2 formation after immersion in both CPP-ACPF and BGAF. 31P MAS-NMR showed phosphate signals in both CPP-ACPF and BGAF before immersion. FTIR failed to show any signs of apatite formation. SIGNIFICANCE Both CPP-ACP and bioactive glass enhanced ion release without compromising the bioavailability of fluoride. The CPP-ACPF varnish had the most promising ion release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Sleibi
- Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Turner Street, EI 2AD, London, United Kingdom; College of Dentistry, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.
| | - A R Tappuni
- Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Turner Street, EI 2AD, London, United Kingdom
| | - Natalia G Karpukhina
- Dental Physical Sciences Unit, Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, EI 4NS, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert G Hill
- Dental Physical Sciences Unit, Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, EI 4NS, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Baysan
- Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Turner Street, EI 2AD, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wu L, Geng K, Gao Q. Effects of different anti-caries agents on microhardness and superficial microstructure of irradiated permanent dentin: an in vitro study. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:113. [PMID: 31200708 PMCID: PMC6570839 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0815-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To compare different anti-caries agents on microhardness and micromorphology of irradiated permanent dentin in vitro, and try to find the most effective agent to prevent radiation-dentin-destruction. METHODS A total of 120 dentin samples were prepared from 60 human teeth and randomly divided into 8 groups (n = 15), [ (1)] blank control [2]; irradiation control [3]; irradiation+ fluoride [4]; irradiation+ casein phosphate polypeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) [5]; irradiation+ CPP-ACP+ fluoride [6]; irradiation+ infiltration resin [7]; irradiation+ infiltration resin+ fluoride [8]; irradiation+ infiltration resin+ CPP-ACP. Seven samples of each groups were chosen randomly for microhardness test and eight for scanning electron microscope observation. RESULTS A decrease of microhardness (P < 0.05) and an obvious morphological change were presented on dentin surface after radiotherapy. After applications of anti-caries agents, the morphological destructions were effectively restored. The infiltration resin plus fluoride group (56.00 ± 4.02 Kg/mm2), infiltration resin plus CPP-ACP group (56.05 ± 3.69 Kg/mm2), infiltration resin group (54.70 ± 4.42Kg/mm2) and CPP-ACP plus fluoride group (53.84 ± 6.23Kg/mm2) had the highest dentin microhardness value after radiotherapy, and no statistically significant difference were found between them. CONCLUSIONS Infiltration resin, CPP-ACP, fluoride and their pairwise combination can effectively prevent radiation-dentin-destruction. Among them, infiltration resin with CPP-ACP, infiltration resin with fluoride, CPP-ACP with fluoride, and infiltration resin have the most protective effects on irradiation-dentin-destructions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- LiLing Wu
- Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan Province China
- Department of Stomatology, ZhongShan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361004 China
| | - Kun Geng
- Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan Province China
| | - QingPing Gao
- Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan Province China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sleibi A, Tappuni A, Mills D, Davis GR, Baysan A. Comparison of the Efficacy of Different Fluoride Varnishes on Dentin Remineralization During a Critical pH Exposure Using Quantitative X-Ray Microtomography. Oper Dent 2018; 43:E308-E316. [PMID: 30457948 DOI: 10.2341/18-014-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this in vitro study was to quantify the amount of mineral change in demineralized dentin at pH 5.5 after the application of dental varnishes containing fluoride with casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate, fluoride and bioglass, or fluoride alone. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 12 extracted human sound mandibular premolar root samples were coated with an acid-resistant varnish, leaving a 2 × 3 mm window at the outer root surface. These root specimens were then randomly divided into four groups and separately subjected to the demineralizing cycle at a pH of 4.8 for five days to create artificial caries-like lesions in dentin. Subsequently, each sample was imaged using quantitative x-ray microtomography (XMT) at a 15-μm voxel size. Each test group then received one of the following treatments: dental varnish containing casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate and fluoride (CPP-ACP, MI varnish, GC Europe), bioglass and fluoride (BGA, Experimental, Dentsply Sirona), or fluoride alone (NUPRO, Dentsply Sirona), as well as a control group, which received no treatment. These samples were kept in deionized water for 12 hours. The thin layer of varnish was then removed. All samples including the nonvarnish group were subjected to the second demineralizing cycle at pH 5.5 for five days. The final XMT imaging was then carried out following the second demineralizing cycle. XMT scan was also carried out to varnish samples at 25 μm voxel size. The change in mineral concentration in the demineralized teeth was assessed using both qualitative and quantitative image analysis. RESULTS: There was an increase in radiopacity in the subtracted images of all varnish groups; a significant increase in mineral content, 12% for the CPP-ACP and fluoride ( p≤0.05 and p≤0.001), 25% BGA ( p≤0.001), and 104% fluoride alone varnish ( p≤0.001). There was an increase in the size of radiolucency in the lesion area with a significant decrease in mineral content in the nonvarnish group, 10% ( p≤0.05 and p≤0.001). CONCLUSIONS: There was encouraging evidence of a remineralization effect following the application of dental varnish on dentin and also an observed resistance to demineralization during the acidic challenge in all cases. However, a dental varnish containing fluoride alone appeared to have a much greater effect on dentin remineralization when compared with CPP-ACP with fluoride and bioglass with fluoride.
Collapse
|