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Wang X, Chen Q, Li J, Tian W, Liu Z, Chen T. Recent adavances of functional modules for tooth regeneration. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:7497-7518. [PMID: 39021127 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb01027b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Dental diseases, such as dental caries and periodontal disorders, constitute a major global health challenge, affecting millions worldwide and often resulting in tooth loss. Traditional dental treatments, though beneficial, typically cannot fully restore the natural functions and structures of teeth. This limitation has prompted growing interest in innovative strategies for tooth regeneration methods. Among these, the use of dental stem cells to generate functional tooth modules represents an emerging and promising approach in dental tissue engineering. These modules aim to closely replicate the intricate morphology and essential physiological functions of dental tissues. Recent advancements in regenerative research have not only enhanced the assembly techniques for these modules but also highlighted their therapeutic potential in addressing various dental diseases. In this review, we discuss the latest progress in the construction of functional tooth modules, especially on regenerating dental pulp, periodontal tissue, and tooth roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Qiuyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jiayi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Tian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
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Wang D, Li Q, Xiao C, Wang H, Dong S. Nanoparticles in Periodontitis Therapy: A Review of the Current Situation. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:6857-6893. [PMID: 39005956 PMCID: PMC11246087 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s465089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a disease of inflammation that affects the tissues supporting the periodontium. It is triggered by an immunological reaction of the gums to plaque, which leads to the destruction of periodontal attachment structures. Periodontitis is one of the most commonly recognized dental disorders in the world and a major factor in the loss of adult teeth. Scaling and root planing remain crucial for managing patients with persistent periodontitis. Nevertheless, exclusive reliance on mechanical interventions like periodontal surgery, extractions, and root planning is insufficient to halt the progression of periodontitis. In response to the problem of bacterial resistance, some researchers are committed to finding alternative therapies to antibiotics. In addition, some scholars focus on finding new materials to provide a powerful microenvironment for periodontal tissue regeneration and promote osteogenic repair. Nanoparticles possess distinct therapeutic qualities, including exceptional antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, immunomodulatory capacities, and the promotion of bone regeneration ability, which made them can be used for the treatment of periodontitis. However, there are many problems that limit the clinical translation of nanoparticles, such as toxic accumulation in cells, poor correlation between in vitro and in vivo, and poor animal-to-human transmissibility. In this paper, we review the present researches on nanoparticles in periodontitis treatment from the perspective of three main categories: inorganic nanoparticles, organic nanoparticles, and nanocomposites (including nanofibers, hydrogels, and membranes). The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive and recent update on nanoparticles-based therapies for periodontitis. The conclusion section summarizes the opportunities and challenges in the design and clinical translation of nanoparticles for the treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- The First Outpatient Department, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiqi Li
- The First Outpatient Department, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunsheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shujun Dong
- The First Outpatient Department, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
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Toledano-Osorio M, Osorio R, Bueno J, Vallecillo C, Vallecillo-Rivas M, Sanz M. Next-generation antibacterial nanopolymers for treating oral chronic inflammatory diseases of bacterial origin. Int Endod J 2024; 57:787-803. [PMID: 38340038 DOI: 10.1111/iej.14040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 'Periodontitis' refers to periodontal destruction of connective tissue attachment and bone, in response to microorganisms forming subgingival biofilms on the root surface, while 'apical periodontitis' refers to periapical inflammatory processes occurring in response to microorganisms within the root canal system. The treatment of both diseases is based on the elimination of the bacterial challenge, though its predictability depends on the ability of disrupting these biofilms, what may need adjunctive antibacterial strategies, such as the next-generation antibacterial strategies (NGAS). From all the newly developed NGAS, the use of polymeric nanotechnology may pose a potential effective approach. Although some of these strategies have only been tested in vitro and in preclinical in vivo models, their use holds a great potential, and therefore, it is relevant to understand their mechanism of action and evaluate their scientific evidence of efficacy. OBJECTIVES To explore NGAS based on polymeric nanotechnology used for the potential treatment of periodontitis and apical periodontitis. METHOD A systemic search of scientific publications of adjunctive antimicrobial strategies using nanopolymers to treat periodontal and periapical diseases was conducted using The National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE by PubMed), The Cochrane Oral Health Group Trials Register, EMBASE and Web of Science. RESULTS Different polymeric nanoparticles, nanofibres and nanostructured hydrogels combined with antimicrobial substances have been identified in the periodontal literature, being the most commonly used nanopolymers of polycaprolactone, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) and chitosan. As antimicrobials, the most frequently used have been antibiotics, though other antimicrobial substances, such as metallic ions, peptides and naturally derived products, have also been added to the nanopolymers. CONCLUSION Polymeric nanomaterials containing antimicrobial compounds may be considered as a potential NGAS. Its relative efficacy, however, is not well understood since most of the existing evidence is derived from in vitro or preclinical in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Toledano-Osorio
- Postgraduate Program of Specialization in Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Osorio
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jaime Bueno
- Postgraduate Program of Specialization in Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Mariano Sanz
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Manzano-Moreno FJ, de Luna-Bertos E, Toledano-Osorio M, Urbano-Arroyo P, Ruiz C, Toledano M, Osorio R. Biomimetic Collagen Membranes as Drug Carriers of Geranylgeraniol to Counteract the Effect of Zoledronate. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 9:4. [PMID: 38248578 PMCID: PMC10813297 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
To counteract the effect of zoledronate and decrease the risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) development in patients undergoing guided bone regeneration surgery, the use of geranylgeraniol (GGOH) has been proposed. Collagen membranes may act as biomimetical drug carriers. The objective of this study was to determine the capacity of collagen-based membranes doped with GGOH to revert the negative impact of zoledronate on the growth and differentiation of human osteoblasts. MG-63 cells were cultured on collagen membranes. Two groups were established: (1) undoped membranes and (2) membranes doped with geranylgeraniol. Osteoblasts were cultured with or without zoledronate (50 μM). Cell proliferation was evaluated at 48 h using the MTT colorimetric method. Differentiation was tested by staining mineralization nodules with alizarin red and by gene expression analysis of bone morphogenetic proteins 2 and 7, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone morphogenetic proteins 2 and 7 (BMP-2 and BMP-7), type I collagen (Col-I), osterix (OSX), osteocalcin (OSC), osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor for RANK (RANKL), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx-2), TGF-β1 and TGF-β receptors (TGF-βR1, TGF-βR2, and TGF-βR3), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) with real-time PCR. One-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis and post hoc Bonferroni tests were applied (p < 0.05). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations were also performed. Treatment of osteoblasts with 50 μM zoledronate produced a significant decrease in cell proliferation, mineralization capacity, and gene expression of several differentiation markers if compared to the control (p < 0.001). When osteoblasts were treated with zoledronate and cultured on GGOH-doped membranes, these variables were, in general, similar to the control group (p > 0.05). GGOH applied on collagen membranes is able to reverse the negative impact of zoledronate on the proliferation, differentiation, and gene expression of different osteoblasts' markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Manzano-Moreno
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs. Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain; (C.R.); (M.T.); (R.O.)
| | - Elvira de Luna-Bertos
- Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs. Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain; (C.R.); (M.T.); (R.O.)
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Toledano-Osorio
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.T.-O.); (P.U.-A.)
| | - Paula Urbano-Arroyo
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.T.-O.); (P.U.-A.)
| | - Concepción Ruiz
- Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs. Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain; (C.R.); (M.T.); (R.O.)
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Granada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CIBM), Parque de Tecnológico de la Salud (PTS), 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Toledano
- Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs. Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain; (C.R.); (M.T.); (R.O.)
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.T.-O.); (P.U.-A.)
| | - Raquel Osorio
- Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs. Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain; (C.R.); (M.T.); (R.O.)
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.T.-O.); (P.U.-A.)
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Toledano-Osorio M, de Luna-Bertos E, Toledano M, Manzano-Moreno FJ, Costela-Ruiz V, Ruiz C, Gil J, Osorio R. Dexamethasone and doxycycline functionalized nanoparticles enhance osteogenic properties of titanium surfaces. Dent Mater 2023:S0109-5641(23)00114-8. [PMID: 37173196 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of doxycycline and dexamethasone doped nanoparticles covering titanium surfaces, on osteoblasts proliferation and differentiation. METHODS Doxycycline and dexamethasone doped polymeric nanoparticles were applied on titanium discs (Ti-DoxNPs and Ti-DexNPs). Undoped NPs and uncovered Ti discs were used as control. Human MG-63 osteoblast-like cells were cultured. Osteoblasts proliferation was tested by MTT assay. Alkaline phosphatase activity was analyzed. Differentiation gene expression was assessed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Scanning Electron Microscopy was performed to assess osteoblasts morphology. Mean comparisons were conducted by ANOVA and Wilcoxon or Tukey tests (p < 0.05). RESULTS No differences in osteoblasts proliferation were found. Osteoblasts grown on Ti-DoxNPs significantly increased alkaline phosphatase activity. Doxycycline and dexamethasone nanoparticles produced an over-expression of the main osteogenic proliferative genes (TGF-β1, TGF-βR1 and TGF-βR2). The expression of Runx-2 was up-regulated. The osteogenic proteins (AP, OSX and OPG) were also overexpressed on osteoblasts cultured on Ti-DoxNPs and Ti-DexNPs. The OPG/RANKL ratio was the highest when DoxNPs were present (75-fold increase with respect to the control group). DexNPs also produced a significantly higher OPG/RANKL ratio with respect to the control (20 times higher). Osteoblasts grown on titanium discs were mainly flat and polygonal in shape, with inter-cellular connections. In contrast, osteoblasts cultured on Ti-DoxNPs or Ti-DexNPs were found to be spindle-shaped and had abundant secretions on their surfaces. SIGNIFICANCE DoxNPs and DexNPs were able to stimulate osteoblasts differentiation when applied on titanium surfaces, being considered potential inducers of osteogenic environment when performing regenerative procedures around titanium dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Toledano-Osorio
- University of Granada, Faculty of Dentistry, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, Granada 18071, Spain; Medicina Clínica y Salud Pública PhD Programme, Spain
| | - Elvira de Luna-Bertos
- Biomedical Group (BIO277). Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences. University of Granada, Spain; Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, IBS. Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - Manuel Toledano
- University of Granada, Faculty of Dentistry, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, Granada 18071, Spain; Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, IBS. Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Manzano-Moreno
- Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, IBS. Granada, Granada, Spain; Biomedical Group (BIO277). Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Victor Costela-Ruiz
- Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, IBS. Granada, Granada, Spain; Biomedical Group (BIO277). Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus de Ceuta. University of Granada, Spain
| | - Concepción Ruiz
- Biomedical Group (BIO277). Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences. University of Granada, Spain; Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, IBS. Granada, Granada, Spain; Institute of Neuroscience, University of Granada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CIBM). Parque de Tecnológico de la Salud (PTS), Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Gil
- International University of Cataluña (UIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Osorio
- University of Granada, Faculty of Dentistry, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, Granada 18071, Spain; Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, IBS. Granada, Granada, Spain
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Abdo VL, Suarez LJ, de Paula LG, Costa RC, Shibli J, Feres M, Barāo VAR, Bertolini M, Souza JGS. Underestimated microbial infection of resorbable membranes on guided regeneration. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 226:113318. [PMID: 37075523 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Barrier membranes are critical in creating tissuecompartmentalization for guided tissue (GTR) and bone regeneration (GBR) therapies. More recently, resorbable membranes have been widely used for tissue and bone regeneration due to their improved properties and the dispensable re-entry surgery for membrane removal. However, in cases with membrane exposure, this may lead to microbial contamination that will compromise the integrity of the membrane, surrounding tissue, and bone regeneration, resulting in treatment failure. Although the microbial infection can negatively influence the clinical outcomes of regenerative therapy, such as GBR and GTR, there is a lack of clinical investigations in this field, especially concerning the microbial colonization of different types of membranes. Importantly, a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of biofilm growth and composition and pathogenesis on exposed membranes is still missing, explaining the mechanisms by which bone regeneration is reduced during membrane exposure. This scoping review comprehensively screened and discussed the current in vivo evidence and possible new perspectives on the microbial contamination of resorbable membranes. Results from eligible in vivo studies suggested that different bacterial species colonized exposed membranes according to their composition (collagen, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (non-resorbable), and polylactic acid), but in all cases, it negatively affected the attachment level and amount of bone gain. However, limited models and techniques have evaluated the newly developed materials, and evidence is scarce. Finally, new approaches to enhance the antimicrobial effect should consider changing the membrane surface or incorporating long-term released antimicrobials in an effort to achieve better clinical success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria L Abdo
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Praça Tereza Cristina, 88 - Centro, Guarulhos, São Paulo 07023-070, Brazil
| | - Lina J Suarez
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Praça Tereza Cristina, 88 - Centro, Guarulhos, São Paulo 07023-070, Brazil; Departamento de Ciencias Básicas y Medicina Oral, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Cra 45 # 26-85, Bogotá 11001, Colombia
| | - Lucca Gomes de Paula
- Dental Science School (Faculdade de Ciências Odontológicas - FCO), Av. Waldomiro Marcondes Oliveira, 20 - Ibituruna, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais 39401-303, Brazil
| | - Raphael C Costa
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Jamil Shibli
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Praça Tereza Cristina, 88 - Centro, Guarulhos, São Paulo 07023-070, Brazil
| | - Magda Feres
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Praça Tereza Cristina, 88 - Centro, Guarulhos, São Paulo 07023-070, Brazil; Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Valentim A R Barāo
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Martinna Bertolini
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, 3501 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Joāo Gabriel Silva Souza
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Praça Tereza Cristina, 88 - Centro, Guarulhos, São Paulo 07023-070, Brazil; Dental Science School (Faculdade de Ciências Odontológicas - FCO), Av. Waldomiro Marcondes Oliveira, 20 - Ibituruna, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais 39401-303, Brazil.
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Toledano-Osorio M, de Luna-Bertos E, Toledano M, Manzano-Moreno FJ, García-Recio E, Ruiz C, Osorio R, Sanz M. Doxycycline-doped collagen membranes accelerate in vitro osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:296-307. [PMID: 36585537 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of doxycycline- and dexamethasone-doped collagen membranes on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts. BACKGROUND Collagen barrier membranes are frequently used to promote bone regeneration and to boost this biological activity their functionalization with antibacterial and immunomodulatory substances has been suggested. METHODS The design included commercially available collagen membranes doped with doxycycline (Dox-Col-M) or dexamethasone (Dex-Col-M), as well as undoped membranes (Col-M) as controls, which were placed in contact with cultured MG63 osteoblast-like cells (ATCC). Cell proliferation was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay and differentiation by measuring the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity using spectrophotometry. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to study the expression of the genes: Runx-2, OSX, ALP, OSC, OPG, RANKL, Col-I, BMP-2, BMP-7, TGF-β1, VEGF, TGF-βR1, TGF-βR2, and TGF-βR3. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study osteoblast morphology. Data were assessed using one-way analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis tests, once their distribution normality was assessed by Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests (p > .05). Bonferroni for multiple comparisons were carried out (p < .05). RESULTS Osteoblast proliferation was significantly enhanced in the functionalized membranes as follows: (Col-M < Dex-Col-M < Dox-Col-M). ALP activity was significantly higher on cultured osteoblasts on Dox-Col-M. Runx-2, OSX, ALP, OSC, BMP-2, BMP-7, TGF-β1, VEGF, TGF-βR1, TGF-βR2, and TGF-βR3 were overexpressed, and RANKL was down-regulated in osteoblasts cultured on Dox-Col-M. The osteoblasts cultured in contact with the functionalized membranes demonstrated an elongated spindle-shaped morphology. CONCLUSION The functionalization of collagen membranes with Dox promoted an increase in the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Toledano-Osorio
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, Granada, Spain.,Medicina Clínica y Salud Pública PhD Programme, Granada, Spain
| | - Elvira de Luna-Bertos
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, IBS, Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Toledano
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Manzano-Moreno
- Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, IBS, Granada, Spain.,Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Enrique García-Recio
- Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, IBS, Granada, Spain.,Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Campus de Melilla, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Concepción Ruiz
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, IBS, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Neuroscience, Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CIBM), Parque de Tecnológico de la Salud (PTS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Raquel Osorio
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, Granada, Spain
| | - Mariano Sanz
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Toledano M, Vallecillo C, Serrera-Figallo MA, Vallecillo-Rivas M, Gutierrez-Corrales A, Lynch CD, Toledano-Osorio M. Doped Electrospinned Material-Guides High Efficiency Regional Bone Regeneration. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071726. [PMID: 37050340 PMCID: PMC10097153 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The main target of bone tissue engineering is to design biomaterials that support bone regeneration and vascularization. Nanostructured membranes of (MMA)1-co-(HEMA)1/(MA)3-co-(HEA)2 loaded with 5% wt of SiO2-nanoparticles (Si-M) were doped with zinc (Zn-Si-M) or doxycycline (Dox-Si-M). Critical bone defects were effectuated on six New Zealand-bred rabbit skulls and then they were covered with the membranes. After six weeks, a histological analysis (toluidine blue technique) was employed to determine bone cell population as osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, M1 and M2 macrophages and vasculature. Membranes covering the bone defect determined a higher count of bone cells and blood vessels than in the sham group at the top regions of the defect. Pro-inflammatory M1 appeared in a higher number in the top regions than in the bottom regions, when Si-M and Dox-Si-M were used. Samples treated with Dox-Si-M showed a higher amount of anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative M2 macrophages. The M1/M2 ratio obtained its lowest value in the absence of membranes. On the top regions, osteoblasts were more abundant when using Si-M and Zn-Si-M. Osteoclasts were equally distributed at the central and lateral regions. The sham group and samples treated with Zn-Si-M attained a higher number of osteocytes at the top regions. A preferential osteoconductive, osteoinductive and angiogenic clinical environment was created in the vicinity of the membrane placed on critical bone defects.
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9
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Basudan AM. Nanoparticle based periodontal drug delivery - A review on current trends and future perspectives. Saudi Dent J 2022; 34:669-680. [PMID: 36570572 PMCID: PMC9767828 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease, resulting due to host immune response against subgingival biofilm. Most conventional treatment protocols aim to control the subgingival biofilm by mechanical means, such as dental scaling and root planning, and frequently accompanied by antibacterial co-adjuvant therapies, including antibiotics, antiseptics, or probiotics. Local drug delivery facilitates administration of a lower dose of the drug to the target site, but at higher concentration, thereby reducing systemic adverse effects and toxicity. The present systematic review was conducted with the aim of identifying and reporting nanoparticle based periodontal drug delivery systems, with a specific focus on current trends and future perspectives in this field. Materials & methods Comprehensive literature search, restricted to published reports in English language between January 2000 and February 2022, was done electronically and manually. Search queries were addressed to the following electronic databases including, PubMed (MEDLINE), Science Direct (Elsevier), Cochrane Library, Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics) and Scholar (Google). Database search returned 780 results which were screened based on title, author names and publication dates, to identify 13 studies fulfilling the review criteria. Results Data from the 13 included studies were reviewed and tabulated, elaborating the type of nanoparticle used, drug delivered and tissues/cells/subcellular components targeted by periodontal drug delivery. While majority of the studies were conducted in vitro, there were 3 in vivo studies and 3 clinical studies. Using nanotechnology for drug delivery resulted in better inhibition of bacterial growth, inflammatory modulation favoring resolution of periodontitis and capability for early tissue regeneration. Conclusion Recent developments in nanotechnology have enabled targeted local delivery of drugs and anti-inflammatory biomolecules, in synergy with nanoparticles, towards periodontal pathogens, inflammatory cells and periodontal tissues. Further research evaluating clinical periodontal disease management through nanoparticle based local drug delivery drugs is highly recommended.
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Xu X, Zhou Y, Zheng K, Li X, Li L, Xu Y. 3D Polycaprolactone/Gelatin-Oriented Electrospun Scaffolds Promote Periodontal Regeneration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:46145-46160. [PMID: 36197319 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a worldwide chronic inflammatory disease, where surgical treatment still shows an uncertain prognosis. To break through the dilemma of periodontal treatment, we fabricated a three-dimensional (3D) multilayered scaffold by stacking and fixing electrospun polycaprolactone/gelatin (PCL/Gel) fibrous membranes. The biomaterial displayed good hydrophilic and mechanical properties. Besides, we found human periodontal ligament stem cell (hPDLSC) adhesion and proliferation on it. The following scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cytoskeleton staining results proved the guiding function of fibers to hPDLSCs. Then, we further analyzed periodontal regeneration-related proteins and mRNA expression between groups. In vivo results in a rat acute periodontal defect model confirmed that the topographic cues of materials could directly guide cellular orientation and might provide the prerequisite for further differentiation. In the aligned scaffold group, besides new bone regeneration, we also observed that angular concentrated fiber regeneration in the root surface of the defect is similar to the normal periodontal tissue. To sum up, we have constructed electrospun membrane-based 3D biological scaffolds, which provided a new treatment strategy for patients undergoing periodontal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanwen Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China
| | - Lu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing210029, China
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Toledano-Osorio M, López-García S, Osorio R, Toledano M, García-Bernal D, Sánchez-Bautista S, Rodríguez-Lozano FJ. Dexamethasone and Doxycycline Doped Nanoparticles Increase the Differentiation Potential of Human Bone Marrow Stem Cells. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091865. [PMID: 36145613 PMCID: PMC9505251 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-resorbable polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) are proposed as an adjunctive treatment for bone regenerative strategies. The present in vitro investigation aimed to evaluate the effect of the different prototypes of bioactive NPs loaded with zinc (Zn-NPs), doxycycline (Dox-NPs) or dexamethasone (Dex-NPs) on the viability, morphology, migration, adhesion, osteoblastic differentiation, and mineralization potential of human bone marrow stem cells (hBMMSCs). Cell viability, proliferation, and differentiation were assessed using a resaruzin-based assay, cell cycle analysis, cell migration evaluation, cell cytoskeleton staining analysis, Alizarin Red S staining, and expression of the osteogenic-related genes by a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). One-Way ANOVA and Tukey’s test were employed. The resazurin assay showed adequate cell viability considering all concentrations and types of NPs at 24, 48, and 72 h of culture. The cell cycle analysis revealed a regular cell cycle profile at 0.1, 1, and 10 µg/mL, whereas 100 µg/mL produced an arrest of cells in the S phase. Cells cultured with 0.1 and 1 µg/mL NP concentrations showed a similar migration capacity to the untreated group. After 21 days, mineralization was increased by all the NPs prototypes. Dox-NPs and Dex-NPs produced a generalized up-regulation of the osteogenic-related genes. Dex-NPs and Dox-NPs exhibited excellent osteogenic potential and promoted hBMMSC differentiation. Future investigations, both in vitro and in vivo, are required to confirm the suitability of these NPs for their clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Toledano-Osorio
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Medicina Clínica y Salud Pública Programm, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Sergio López-García
- Departament d’Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina I Odontologia, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Raquel Osorio
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-958-24-37-89
| | - Manuel Toledano
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - David García-Bernal
- Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Sonia Sánchez-Bautista
- Department of Health Sciences, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lozano
- Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
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Toledano-Osorio M, Vallecillo C, Vallecillo-Rivas M, Manzano-Moreno FJ, Osorio R. Antibiotic-Loaded Polymeric Barrier Membranes for Guided Bone/Tissue Regeneration: A Mini-Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14040840. [PMID: 35215754 PMCID: PMC8963018 DOI: 10.3390/polym14040840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymeric membranes are frequently used for bone regeneration in oral and periodontal surgery. Polymers provide adequate mechanical properties (i.e., Young’s modulus) to support oral function and also pose some porosity with interconnectivity to permit for cell proliferation and migration. Bacterial contamination of the membrane is an event that may lead to infection at the bone site, hindering the clinical outcomes of the regeneration procedure. Therefore, polymeric membranes have been proposed as carriers for local antibiotic therapy. A literature search was performed for papers, including peer-reviewed publications. Among the different membranes, collagen is the most employed biomaterial. Collagen membranes and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene loaded with tetracyclines, and polycaprolactone with metronidazole are the combinations that have been assayed the most. Antibiotic liberation is produced in two phases. A first burst release is sometimes followed by a sustained liberation lasting from 7 to 28 days. All tested combinations of membranes and antibiotics provoke an antibacterial effect, but most of the time, they were measured against single bacteria cultures and usually non-specific pathogenic bacteria were employed, limiting the clinical relevance of the attained results. The majority of the studies on animal models state a beneficial effect of these antibiotic functionalized membranes, but human clinical assays are scarce and controversial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Toledano-Osorio
- Faculty of Dentistry, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.T.-O.); (C.V.); (M.V.-R.); (R.O.)
| | - Cristina Vallecillo
- Faculty of Dentistry, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.T.-O.); (C.V.); (M.V.-R.); (R.O.)
| | - Marta Vallecillo-Rivas
- Faculty of Dentistry, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.T.-O.); (C.V.); (M.V.-R.); (R.O.)
| | - Francisco-Javier Manzano-Moreno
- Faculty of Dentistry, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.T.-O.); (C.V.); (M.V.-R.); (R.O.)
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Stomatology, Facultad de Odontología, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, University of Granada, C/Doctor Azpitarte 4, Planta, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Raquel Osorio
- Faculty of Dentistry, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.T.-O.); (C.V.); (M.V.-R.); (R.O.)
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Bueno J, Virto L, Toledano-Osorio M, Figuero E, Toledano M, Medina-Castillo AL, Osorio R, Sanz M, Herrera D. Antibacterial Effect of Functionalized Polymeric Nanoparticles on Titanium Surfaces Using an In Vitro Subgingival Biofilm Model. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14030358. [PMID: 35160348 PMCID: PMC8839475 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This investigation aimed to evaluate the antibacterial effect of polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), functionalized with calcium, zinc, or doxycycline, using a subgingival biofilm model of six bacterial species (Streptococcus oralis,Actinomyces naeslundii, Veillonela parvula, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans) on sandblasted, large grit, acid-etched titanium discs (TiDs). Undoped NPs (Un-NPs) or doped NPs with calcium (Ca-NPs), zinc (Zn-NPs), or doxycycline (Dox-NPs) were applied onto the TiD surfaces. Uncovered TiDs were used as negative controls. Discs were incubated under anaerobic conditions for 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. The obtained biofilm structure was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and its vitality and thickness by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Quantitative polymerase chain reaction of samples was used to evaluate the bacterial load. Data were evaluated by analysis of variance (p < 0.05) and post hoc comparisons with Bonferroni adjustments (p < 0.01). As compared with uncovered TiDs, Dox-NPs induced higher biofilm mortality (47.21% and 85.87%, respectively) and reduced the bacterial load of the tested species, after 72 h. With SEM, scarce biofilm formation was observed in Dox-NPs TiDs. In summary, Dox-NPs on TiD reduced biofilm vitality, bacterial load, and altered biofilm formation dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Bueno
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Pza. Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (L.V.); (E.F.); (M.S.); (D.H.)
| | - Leire Virto
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Pza. Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (L.V.); (E.F.); (M.S.); (D.H.)
| | - Manuel Toledano-Osorio
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.T.-O.); (M.T.)
| | - Elena Figuero
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Pza. Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (L.V.); (E.F.); (M.S.); (D.H.)
| | - Manuel Toledano
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.T.-O.); (M.T.)
| | | | - Raquel Osorio
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.T.-O.); (M.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mariano Sanz
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Pza. Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (L.V.); (E.F.); (M.S.); (D.H.)
| | - David Herrera
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Pza. Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (L.V.); (E.F.); (M.S.); (D.H.)
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Sharma D, Mathur VP, Satapathy BK. Biodegradable and Biocompatible 3D Constructs for Dental Applications: Manufacturing Options and Perspectives. Ann Biomed Eng 2021; 49:2030-2056. [PMID: 34318403 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-021-02839-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Designing 3D constructs with appropriate materials and structural frameworks for complex dental restorative/regenerative procedures has always remained a multi-criteria optimization challenge. In this regard, 3D printing has long been known to be a potent tool for various tissue regenerative applications, however, the preparation of biocompatible, biodegradable, and stable inks is yet to be explored and revolutionized for overall performance improvisation. The review reports the currently employed manufacturing processes for the development of engineered self-supporting, easily processable, and cost-effective 3D constructs with target-specific tuneable mechanics, bioactivity, and degradability aspects in the oral cavity for their potential use in numerous dental applications ranging from soft pulp tissues to hard alveolar bone tissues. A hybrid synergistic approach, comprising of development of multi-layered, structurally stable, composite building blocks with desired physicomechanical performance and bioactivity presents an optimal solution to circumvent the major limitations and develop new-age advanced dental restorations and implants. Further, the review summarizes some manufacturing perspectives which may inspire the readers to design appropriate structures for clinical trials so as to pave the way for their routine applications in dentistry in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Sharma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Vijay Prakash Mathur
- Division of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Bhabani K Satapathy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
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Dieterle MP, Husari A, Steinberg T, Wang X, Ramminger I, Tomakidi P. From the Matrix to the Nucleus and Back: Mechanobiology in the Light of Health, Pathologies, and Regeneration of Oral Periodontal Tissues. Biomolecules 2021; 11:824. [PMID: 34073044 PMCID: PMC8228498 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Among oral tissues, the periodontium is permanently subjected to mechanical forces resulting from chewing, mastication, or orthodontic appliances. Molecularly, these movements induce a series of subsequent signaling processes, which are embedded in the biological concept of cellular mechanotransduction (MT). Cell and tissue structures, ranging from the extracellular matrix (ECM) to the plasma membrane, the cytosol and the nucleus, are involved in MT. Dysregulation of the diverse, fine-tuned interaction of molecular players responsible for transmitting biophysical environmental information into the cell's inner milieu can lead to and promote serious diseases, such as periodontitis or oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Therefore, periodontal integrity and regeneration is highly dependent on the proper integration and regulation of mechanobiological signals in the context of cell behavior. Recent experimental findings have increased the understanding of classical cellular mechanosensing mechanisms by both integrating exogenic factors such as bacterial gingipain proteases and newly discovered cell-inherent functions of mechanoresponsive co-transcriptional regulators such as the Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) or the nuclear cytoskeleton. Regarding periodontal MT research, this review offers insights into the current trends and open aspects. Concerning oral regenerative medicine or weakening of periodontal tissue diseases, perspectives on future applications of mechanobiological principles are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Philipp Dieterle
- Center for Dental Medicine, Division of Oral Biotechnology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstr. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (M.P.D.); (X.W.); (I.R.); (P.T.)
| | - Ayman Husari
- Center for Dental Medicine, Department of Orthodontics, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstr. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 101, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Steinberg
- Center for Dental Medicine, Division of Oral Biotechnology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstr. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (M.P.D.); (X.W.); (I.R.); (P.T.)
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Center for Dental Medicine, Division of Oral Biotechnology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstr. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (M.P.D.); (X.W.); (I.R.); (P.T.)
| | - Imke Ramminger
- Center for Dental Medicine, Division of Oral Biotechnology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstr. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (M.P.D.); (X.W.); (I.R.); (P.T.)
| | - Pascal Tomakidi
- Center for Dental Medicine, Division of Oral Biotechnology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstr. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (M.P.D.); (X.W.); (I.R.); (P.T.)
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Toledano-Osorio M, Manzano-Moreno FJ, Toledano M, Medina-Castillo AL, Costela-Ruiz VJ, Ruiz C, Osorio R. Doxycycline-Doped Polymeric Membranes Induced Growth, Differentiation and Expression of Antigenic Phenotype Markers of Osteoblasts. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1063. [PMID: 33800569 PMCID: PMC8037272 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymeric membranes are employed in guided bone regeneration (GBR) as physical barriers to facilitate bone in-growth. A bioactive and biomimetic membrane with the ability to participate in the healing and regeneration of the bone is necessary. The aim of the present study was to analyze how novel silicon dioxide composite membranes functionalized with zinc or doxycycline can modulate the osteoblasts' proliferation, differentiation, and expression of selected antigenic markers related to immunomodulation. Nanostructured acrylate-based membranes were developed, blended with silica, and functionalized with zinc or doxycycline. They were subjected to MG63 osteoblast-like cells culturing. Proliferation was assessed by MTT-assay, differentiation by evaluating the alkaline phosphatase activity by a spectrophotometric method and antigenic phenotype was assessed by flow cytometry for selected markers. Mean comparisons were conducted by one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (p < 0.05). The blending of silica nanoparticles in the tested non-resorbable polymeric scaffold improved the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, but doxycycline doped scaffolds attained the best results. Osteoblasts cultured on doxycycline functionalized membranes presented higher expression of CD54, CD80, CD86, and HLA-DR, indicating a beneficial immunomodulation activity. Doxycycline doped membranes may be a potential candidate for use in GBR procedures in several challenging pathologies, including periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Toledano-Osorio
- Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.T.-O.); (R.O.)
- Medicina Clínica y Salud Pública Programme, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Manzano-Moreno
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (V.J.C.-R.); (C.R.)
| | - Manuel Toledano
- Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.T.-O.); (R.O.)
| | - Antonio L. Medina-Castillo
- NanoMyP, Nanomateriales y Polimeros S.L., Spin-Off Company of the University of Granada, Edificio BIC-Granada, Av. Innovación 1, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain;
| | - Victor J. Costela-Ruiz
- Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (V.J.C.-R.); (C.R.)
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Concepción Ruiz
- Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (V.J.C.-R.); (C.R.)
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Granada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CIBM), Parque de Tecnológico de la Salud (PTS), 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Raquel Osorio
- Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.T.-O.); (R.O.)
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