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Kirthiga Devi SS, Singh S, Joga R, Patil SY, Meghana Devi V, Chetan Dushantrao S, Dwivedi F, Kumar G, Kumar Jindal D, Singh C, Dhamija I, Grover P, Kumar S. Enhancing cancer immunotherapy: Exploring strategies to target the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and analyzing the associated patent, regulatory, and clinical trial landscape. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 200:114323. [PMID: 38754524 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Cancer treatment modalities and their progression is guided by the specifics of cancer, including its type and site of localization. Surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy are the most often used conventional treatments. Conversely, emerging treatment techniques include immunotherapy, hormone therapy, anti-angiogenic therapy, dendritic cell-based immunotherapy, and stem cell therapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors' anticancer properties have drawn considerable attention in recent studies in the cancer research domain. Programmed Cell Death Protein-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) checkpoint pathway are key regulators of the interactions between activated T-cells and cancer cells, protecting the latter from immune destruction. When the ligand PD-L1 attaches to the receptor PD-1, T-cells are prevented from destroying cells that contain PD-L1, including cancer cells. The PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors block them, boosting the immune response and strengthening the body's defenses against tumors. Recent years have seen incredible progress and tremendous advancement in developing anticancer therapies using PD-1/PD-L1 targeting antibodies. While immune-related adverse effects and low response rates significantly limit these therapies, there is a need for research on methods that raise their efficacy and lower their toxicity. This review discusses various recent innovative nanomedicine strategies such as PLGA nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes and drug loaded liposomes to treat cancer targeting PD-1/PD-L1 axis. The biological implications of PD-1/PD-L1 in cancer treatment and the fundamentals of nanotechnology, focusing on the novel strategies used in nanomedicine, are widely discussed along with the corresponding guidelines, clinical trial status, and the patent landscape of such formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Kirthiga Devi
- Department of Regulatory Affairs, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Sidhartha Singh
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Ramesh Joga
- Department of Regulatory Affairs, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Sharvari Y Patil
- Department of Regulatory Affairs, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Vakalapudi Meghana Devi
- Department of Regulatory Affairs, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Sabnis Chetan Dushantrao
- Department of Regulatory Affairs, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Falguni Dwivedi
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, D Y Patil International University, Akurdi, Pune 411044, India
| | - Gautam Kumar
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, D Y Patil International University, Akurdi, Pune 411044, India; Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Jindal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, 125001, India
| | - Charan Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Sciences, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University (A Central University), Srinagar, Garhwal, Uttarakhand 246174, India
| | - Isha Dhamija
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Parul Grover
- KIET School of Pharmacy, KIET Group of Institutions, Delhi-NCR, Ghaziabad 201206, India; Department of Pharmaceutics, NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303121, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Regulatory Affairs, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India; Department of Pharmaceutics, NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303121, India.
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Zahednezhad F, Zakeri-Milani P, Mojarrad JS, Sarfraz M, Mahmoudian M, Baradaran B, Valizadeh H. Acetyl carnitine modified liposomes elevate cisplatin uptake in macrophage and cancer cells. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Amino acid coordination complex mediates cisplatin entrapment within PEGylated liposome: An implication in colorectal cancer therapy. Int J Pharm 2022; 623:121946. [PMID: 35750277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cis-Diaminedichloroplatinum (cisplatin, CDDP) remained among the most widely used anti-cancer agents; however, management of the dose-limiting side effects is still a great hurdle to its therapeutic potential. In the framework of this investigation, novel approach was developed for CDDP encasement within liposome based on the formation of a coordination bond between the platinum (II) atom and a carboxylic group in aspartic acid (AA) and glutamic acid (GA). We have also compared two methods of preparation based on equilibration and conventional lipid film hydration. For this, first FTIR spectra of the conjugates confirmed coordination bond between Pt and the carboxylate moieties. The PEGylated liposomes composed of HSPC, cholesterol and DPPG had a size of 134 to 197 nm and negative zeta potential (-14.20 to -20.90 mv). Cytotoxicity study revealed IC50 values of <7 µg/ml for liposomes. In vivo plasma retention following iv administration indicated the potential of liposome in maintaining cisplatin levels within the circulation, while free cisplatin and cisplatin conjugates were promptly eliminated. Anti-tumor efficacy studies following iv injections at 3 mg/kg cisplatin weekly for three weeks in C26 tumor bearing BALB/c mice demonstrated the potential of the cisplatin liposomes in tumor growth inhibition. Pt-complexes were not as effective as liposomal formulations showing the crucial role of liposomes in maintaining cisplatin levels within blood circulation. Overall, the developed cisplatin liposome seems to be a promising therapeutic approach for targeting solid tumors.
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Shen N, Yang C, Zhang X, Tang Z, Chen X. Cisplatin nanoparticles possess stronger anti-tumor synergy with PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors than the parental drug. Acta Biomater 2021; 135:543-555. [PMID: 34400305 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors provide an evolution in the field of cancer therapy. This results in unprecedented rates of long-lasting tumor responses, once cancer patients respond to PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors. However, the response rate of most cancers is not greater than 30%, which results in a limited therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, the increase of the therapeutic efficacy of PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors is of utmost importance. Hence, this study demonstrated that the sustained increase of tumor PD-L1 levels induced by long-tumor retaining cisplatin (Cis) nanoparticles improved the therapeutic outcomes of PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Cis-loaded poly(L-glutamic acid)-graft-methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) complex nanoparticle (Cisplatin nanoparticle, P-Cis) caused tumor PD-L1 overexpression in a time dependent manner in vitro and amplified tumor PD-L1 signals at 72 h post treatment in vivo. Synergistic tumor inhibition was achieved when P-Cis was combined with PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors, such as BMS-202 and anti-PD1 antibody (aPD1), and a significantly superior tumor inhibition rate was observed in the combination group (P-Cis plus aPD1). In addition, when mice were treated with a single dose of P-Cis plus aPD1, its synergistic anti-tumor effect was much stronger than that of a single dose of Cis plus aPD1, as their Q values were 1.15 and 1.05 in the Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) tumor model, and 1.92 and 0.95 in the B16F10 tumor model, respectively. The single dose of P-Cis could increase tumor PD-L1 expression at 72 h post injection, while a single-dose of Cis did not, thus the sustained tumor PD-L1 overexpression induced by P-Cis was essential for enhancing aPD1 therapy. The sustained tumor PD-L1 overexpression highlighted the involvement of PD1/PD-L1 pathway in tumor cell proliferation and CD8+ T cell weakening and increased the role and possibility of PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors to block the PD1/PD-L1 pathway. Collectively, this study identified a potential clinical treatment with P-Cis plus PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors provide an evolution in the field of cancer therapy. However, the response rate of most cancers is not greater than 30%, which results in a limited therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, the increase of the therapeutic efficacy of PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors is of utmost importance. Here, Cisplatin (Cis) loaded poly(L-glutamic acid)-graft-methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) complex nanoparticle (P-Cis) is found to improve the therapeutic outcomes of PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors via sustained increase of tumor PD-L1 levels, and P-Cis possesses stronger anti-tumor synergy with PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors than the parental drug. This identifies a potential clinical treatment with P-Cis plus PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Shen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Chenguang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Xuefei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials & Application Technology of Hunan Province, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China.
| | - Zhaohui Tang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, PR China.
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, PR China
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Liposomal membrane permeability assessment by fluorescence techniques: Main permeabilizing agents, applications and challenges. Int J Pharm 2020; 580:119198. [PMID: 32169353 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes are lipid vesicles made of one or multiple lipid bilayers surrounding an internal aqueous core. They are broadly employed as models to study membrane structure and properties. Among these properties, liposome membrane permeability is crucial and widely assessed by fluorescence techniques. The first part of this review is devoted to describe the various techniques used for membrane permeability assessment. Attention is paid to fluorescence techniques based on vesicle leakage of self-quenching probes, dye/quencher pair or cation/ligand pair. Secondly, the membrane-active agents inducing membrane permeabilization is presented and details on their mechanisms of action are given. Emphasis is also laid on the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that can modulate the membrane permeability. Hence, a suitable liposomal membrane should be formulated according to the aim of the study and its application.
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Jovanović AA, Balanč BD, Djordjević VB, Ota A, Skrt M, Šavikin KP, Bugarski BM, Nedović VA, Ulrih NP. Effect of gentisic acid on the structural-functional properties of liposomes incorporating β-sitosterol. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 183:110422. [PMID: 31437609 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional liposomes incorporating β-sitosterol were developed for delivery of gentisic acid (GA). The interactions of both compounds with phospholipid bilayer were interpreted viaeffects of different β-sitosterol content (0, 20 and 50 mol %) and different gentisic acid to lipid ratio (nGA/nlip from 10-5 to 1) on membrane fluidity and thermotropic properties. Multilamellar vesicles of phosphatidylcholines (with size range between 1350 and 1900 nm) effectively encapsulated GA (54%) when nGA/nlip was higher than 0.01. Suppression of lipid peroxidation was directly related to concentration of GA. The resistance to diffusion of gentisic acid from liposomes increased for ˜50% in samples incorporating 50 mol % β-sitosterol compared to sterol-free liposomes. Finally, simulated in vitro gastrointestinal conditions showed that the release was mainly affected by low pH of simulated gastric fluid and the presence of cholates in simulated intestinal fluid, rather than by enzymes activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra A Jovanović
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojana D Balanč
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Verica B Djordjević
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ajda Ota
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mihaela Skrt
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katarina P Šavikin
- Institute for Medicinal Plant Research "Dr Josif Pančić", Tadeuša Košćuška 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branko M Bugarski
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Viktor A Nedović
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nataša Poklar Ulrih
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Study on intracellular delivery of liposome encapsulated quantum dots using advanced fluorescence microscopy. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10504. [PMID: 31324829 PMCID: PMC6642191 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46732-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum dots increasingly gain popularity for in vivo applications. However, their delivery and accumulation into cells can be challenging and there is still lack of detailed information. Thereby, the application of advanced fluorescence techniques can expand the portfolio of useful parameters for a more comprehensive evaluation. Here, we encapsulated hydrophilic quantum dots into liposomes for studying cellular uptake of these so-called lipodots into living cells. First, we investigated photophysical properties of free quantum dots and lipodots observing changes in the fluorescence decay time and translational diffusion behaviour. In comparison to empty liposomes, lipodots exhibited an altered zeta potential, whereas their hydrodynamic size did not change. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), both combined with two-photon excitation (2P), were used to investigate the interaction behaviour of lipodots with an insect epithelial tissue. In contrast to the application of free quantum dots, their successful delivery into the cytosol of salivary gland duct cells could be observed when applying lipodots. Lipodots with different lipid compositions and surface charges did not result in considerable differences in the intracellular labelling pattern, luminescence decay time and diffusion behaviour. However, quantum dot degradation after intracellular accumulation could be assumed from reduced luminescence decay times and blue-shifted luminescence signals. In addition to single diffusing quantum dots, possible intracellular clustering of quantum dots could be assumed from increased diffusion times. Thus, by using a simple and manageable liposome carrier system, 2P-FLIM and 2P-FCS recording protocols could be tested, which are promising for investigating the fate of quantum dots during cellular interaction.
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Shirzad M, Jamehbozorgi S, Akbarzadeh I, Aghabozorg HR, Amini A. The Role of Polyethylene Glycol Size in Chemical Spectra, Cytotoxicity, and Release of PEGylated Nanoliposomal Cisplatin. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2019; 17:231-239. [DOI: 10.1089/adt.2019.923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Masoomeh Shirzad
- Drug Design and Bioinformatics Unit, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Jamehbozorgi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Iman Akbarzadeh
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Biotechnology Research Center, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Abbas Amini
- Center for Infrastructure Engineering, Western Sydney University, Australia
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Moura M, Gil M, Figueiredo M. Cisplatin delivery systems based on different drug encapsulation techniques. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Azmi IDM, Østergaard J, Stürup S, Gammelgaard B, Urtti A, Moghimi SM, Yaghmur A. Cisplatin Encapsulation Generates Morphologically Different Multicompartments in the Internal Nanostructures of Nonlamellar Liquid-Crystalline Self-Assemblies. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:6570-6581. [PMID: 29768016 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin ( cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II)) is among the most potent cytotoxic agents used in cancer chemotherapy. The encapsulation of cisplatin in lipid-based drug carriers has been challenging owing to its low solubility in both aqueous and lipid phases. Here, we investigated cisplatin encapsulation in nonlamellar liquid-crystalline (LC) nanodispersions formed from a ternary mixture of phytantriol (PHYT), vitamin E (Vit E), and an anionic phospholipid [either phosphatidylglycerol (DSPG) or phosphatidylserine (DPPS)]. We show an increase in cisplatin encapsulation efficiency (EE) in nanodispersions containing 1.5-4 wt % phospholipid. The EE was highest in DPPS-containing nanodispersions (53-98%) compared to DSPG-containing counterparts (25-40%) under similar experimental conditions. Through structural and morphological characterizations involving synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, we further show that varying the phospholipid content of cisplatin-free nanodispersions triggers an internal phase transition from a neat hexagonal (H2) phase to a biphasic phase (internal H2 phase coexisting with the lamellar (Lα) phase). However, cisplatin encapsulation in both DPPS- and DSPG-containing nanodispersions generates the coexistence of morphologically different multicompartments in the internal nanostructures comprising vesicles as a core, enveloped by an inverted-type surface bicontinuous cubic Im3 m (primitive, QIIP) phase or H2 phase. We discuss the biophysical basis of these drug-induced morphological alterations and provide insights into the potential development of inverted-type LC nanodispersions for cisplatin delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intan Diana Mat Azmi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Jesper Østergaard
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Stefan Stürup
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Bente Gammelgaard
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Arto Urtti
- Centre for Drug Research , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
- School of Pharmacy , University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland
| | - Seyed Moein Moghimi
- School of Pharmacy, The Faculty of Medical Sciences , King George VI Building , Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU , U.K
- Division of Stratified Medicine, Biomarkers & Therapeutics, Institute of Cellular Medicine , Newcastle University , Framlington Place , Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH , U.K
| | - Anan Yaghmur
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
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Miyazawa T, Kamiyoshihara R, Shimizu N, Harigae T, Otoki Y, Ito J, Kato S, Miyazawa T, Nakagawa K. Amadori-glycated phosphatidylethanolamine enhances the physical stability and selective targeting ability of liposomes. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:171249. [PMID: 29515844 PMCID: PMC5830733 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.171249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes consisting of 100% phosphatidylcholine exhibit poor membrane fusion, cellular uptake and selective targeting capacities. To overcome these limitations, we used Amadori-glycated phosphatidylethanolamine, which is universally present in animals and commonly consumed in foods. We found that liposomes containing Amadori-glycated phosphatidylethanolamine exhibited significantly reduced negative membrane potential and demonstrated high cellular uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiki Miyazawa
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan
| | - Reina Kamiyoshihara
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan
| | - Naoki Shimizu
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan
| | - Takahiro Harigae
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan
| | - Yurika Otoki
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan
| | - Junya Ito
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan
| | - Shunji Kato
- Department of Cell Biology, Division of Host Defense Mechanism, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Teruo Miyazawa
- Food and Biotechnology Innovation Project, New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
- Food and Health Science Research Unit, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-0845, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Nakagawa
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan
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Trucillo P, Campardelli R, Reverchon E. Supercritical CO 2 assisted liposomes formation: Optimization of the lipidic layer for an efficient hydrophilic drug loading. J CO2 UTIL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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13
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Akhtar N, Khan RA. Liposomal systems as viable drug delivery technology for skin cancer sites with an outlook on lipid-based delivery vehicles and diagnostic imaging inputs for skin conditions'. Prog Lipid Res 2016; 64:192-230. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Catalani E, Proietti Serafini F, Zecchini S, Picchietti S, Fausto AM, Marcantoni E, Buonanno F, Ortenzi C, Perrotta C, Cervia D. Natural products from aquatic eukaryotic microorganisms for cancer therapy: Perspectives on anti-tumour properties of ciliate bioactive molecules. Pharmacol Res 2016; 113:409-420. [PMID: 27650755 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Several modern drugs, including those for cancer therapy, have been isolated from natural sources, are based on natural products and its derivatives, or mime natural products. Some of them are in clinical use, others in clinical trials. The success of natural products in drug discovery is related to their biochemical characteristics and to the technologic methods used to study their feature. Natural compounds may acts as chemo-preventive agents and as factors that increase therapeutic efficacy of existing drugs, thus overcoming cancer cell drug resistance that is the main factor determining the failure in conventional chemotherapy. Water environment, because of its physical and chemical conditions, shows an extraordinary collection of natural biological substances with an extensive structural and functional diversity. The isolation of bioactive molecules has been reported from a great variety of aquatic organisms; however, the therapeutic application of molecules from eukaryotic microorganisms remains inadequately investigated and underexploited on a systematic basis. Herein we describe the biological activities in mammalian cells of selected substances isolated from ciliates, free-living protozoa common almost everywhere there is water, focusing on their anti-tumour actions and their possible therapeutic activity. In particular, we unveil the cellular and molecular machine mediating the effects of cell type-specific signalling protein pheromone Er-1 and secondary metabolites, i.e. euplotin C and climacostol, in cancer cells. To support the feasibility of climacostol-based approaches, we also present novel findings and report additional mechanisms of action using both in vitro and in vivo models of mouse melanomas, with the scope of highlighting new frontiers that can be explored also in a therapeutic perspective. The high skeletal chemical difference of ciliate compounds, their sustainability and availability, also through the use of new organic synthesis/modifications processes, and the results obtained so far in biological studies provide a rationale to consider some of them a potential resource for the design of new anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Catalani
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest systems (DIBAF), Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Francesca Proietti Serafini
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest systems (DIBAF), Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Silvia Zecchini
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital "Luigi Sacco"-ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milano, Italy
| | - Simona Picchietti
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest systems (DIBAF), Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Fausto
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest systems (DIBAF), Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Enrico Marcantoni
- School of Sciences and Technologies, Section of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Camerino, Italy
| | - Federico Buonanno
- Laboratory of Protistology and Biology Education, Department of Education, Cultural Heritage and Tourism, Università degli Studi di Macerata, Italy
| | - Claudio Ortenzi
- Laboratory of Protistology and Biology Education, Department of Education, Cultural Heritage and Tourism, Università degli Studi di Macerata, Italy
| | - Cristiana Perrotta
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (DIBIC), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.
| | - Davide Cervia
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest systems (DIBAF), Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (DIBIC), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.
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15
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Climacostol reduces tumour progression in a mouse model of melanoma via the p53-dependent intrinsic apoptotic programme. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27281. [PMID: 27271364 PMCID: PMC4895139 DOI: 10.1038/srep27281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Climacostol, a compound produced by the ciliated protozoan Climacostomum virens, displayed cytotoxic properties in vitro. This study demonstrates that it has anti-tumour potential. Climacostol caused a reduction of viability/proliferation of B16-F10 mouse melanoma cells, a rapidly occurring DNA damage, and induced the intrinsic apoptotic pathway characterised by the dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential, the translocation of Bax to the mitochondria, the release of Cytochrome c from the mitochondria, and the activation of Caspase 9-dependent cleavage of Caspase 3. The apoptotic mechanism of climacostol was found to rely on the up-regulation of p53 and its targets Noxa and Puma. In vivo analysis of B16-F10 allografts revealed a persistent inhibition of tumour growth rate when melanomas were treated with intra-tumoural injections of climacostol. In addition, it significantly improved the survival of transplanted mice, decreased tumour weight, induced a remarkable reduction of viable cells inside the tumour, activated apoptosis and up-regulated the p53 signalling network. Importantly, climacostol toxicity was more selective against tumour than non-tumour cells. The anti-tumour properties of climacostol and the molecular events associated with its action indicate that it is a powerful agent that may be considered for the design of pro-apoptotic drugs for melanoma therapy.
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16
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Yang C, Lv J, Lv T, Pan Y, Han Y, Zhao S, Wang J. Metal ion-assisted drug-loading model for novel delivery system of cisplatin solid lipid nanoparticles with improving loading efficiency and sustained release. J Microencapsul 2016; 33:292-8. [PMID: 27113257 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2016.1176079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Metal ion-assisted drug loading model, in which metal ion was used to modify the microstructure of lipid layer, has been developed to improve drug loading efficiency of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). The microstructure and properties of metal ion-assisted cisplatin-loading SLNs were investigated by infra-red spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and zetasizer. The reactions of hydrogenated soybean lecithin with Zn(2+), Cu(2+), Mn(2+ )and Mg(2+ )have been detected; the mechanism for higher drug encapsulation efficiency (EE) has been investigated. In metal ion introduction SLNs, the compact degree of the lipid molecules was increased due to the electrostatic interaction between metal ions and phospholipid acyl and choline polarity groups, which result in increasing of drug EE. Meanwhile, these electrostatic interactions slowed the releasing rate of encapsulated drug. The study of cytotoxic activity in vitro indicated that the cell cytotoxicity of metal ions introduction SLNs depended on both cell uptake of SLNs and drug releasing from SLNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiqin Yang
- a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang , P.R. China
| | - Jie Lv
- a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang , P.R. China
| | - Tao Lv
- a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang , P.R. China
| | - Yahui Pan
- a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang , P.R. China
| | - Yazhu Han
- a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang , P.R. China
| | - Sha Zhao
- a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang , P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang , P.R. China
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17
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Drewes CC, Fiel LA, Bexiga CG, Asbahr ACC, Uchiyama MK, Cogliati B, Araki K, Guterres SS, Pohlmann AR, Farsky SP. Novel therapeutic mechanisms determine the effectiveness of lipid-core nanocapsules on melanoma models. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:1261-79. [PMID: 27099491 PMCID: PMC4821388 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s101543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a severe metastatic skin cancer with poor prognosis and no effective treatment. Therefore, novel therapeutic approaches using nanotechnology have been proposed to improve therapeutic effectiveness. Lipid-core nanocapsules (LNCs), prepared with poly(ε-caprolactone), capric/caprylic triglyceride, and sorbitan monostearate and stabilized by polysorbate 80, are efficient as drug delivery systems. Here, we investigated the effects of acetyleugenol-loaded LNC (AcE-LNC) on human SK-Mel-28 melanoma cells and its therapeutic efficacies on melanoma induced by B16F10 in C57B6 mice. LNC and AcE-LNC had z-average diameters and zeta potential close to 210 nm and -10.0 mV, respectively. CytoViva(®) microscopy images showed that LNC and AcE-LNC penetrated into SK-Mel-28 cells, and remained in the cytoplasm. AcE-LNC in vitro treatment (18-90×10(9) particles/mL; 1 hour) induced late apoptosis and necrosis; LNC and AcE-LNC (3-18×10(9) particles/mL; 48 hours) treatments reduced cell proliferation and delayed the cell cycle. Elevated levels of nitric oxide were found in supernatant of LNC and AcE-LNC, which were not dependent on nitric oxide synthase expressions. Daily intraperitoneal or oral treatment (days 3-10 after tumor injection) with LNC or AcE-LNC (1×10(12) particles/day), but not with AcE (50 mg/kg/day, same dose as AcE-LNC), reduced the volume of the tumor; nevertheless, intraperitoneal treatment caused toxicity. Oral LNC treatment was more efficient than AcE-LNC treatment. Moreover, oral treatment with nonencapsulated capric/caprylic triglyceride did not inhibit tumor development, implying that nanocapsule supramolecular structure is important to the therapeutic effects. Together, data herein presented highlight the relevance of the supramolecular structure of LNCs to toxicity on SK-Mel-28 cells and to the therapeutic efficacy on melanoma development in mice, conferring novel therapeutic mechanisms to LNC further than a drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine C Drewes
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luana A Fiel
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Celina G Bexiga
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina C Asbahr
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mayara K Uchiyama
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Cogliati
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Koiti Araki
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sílvia S Guterres
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Adriana R Pohlmann
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Sandra P Farsky
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Characterization and cytotoxicity studies of DPPC:M2+ novel delivery system for cisplatin thermosensitivity liposome with improving loading efficiency. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 131:12-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Recent progress in biomedical applications of Pluronic (PF127): Pharmaceutical perspectives. J Control Release 2015; 209:120-38. [PMID: 25921088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Most of the administered anti-cancer drugs are hydrophobic in nature and are known to have poor water solubility, short residence time, rapid clearance from the body and systemic side effects. Polymeric-based targeted particulate carrier system has shown to directly deliver the encapsulated anti-cancer drug to the desired site of action and prevent the interaction of encapsulated drug with the normal cells. Pluronic F127 (PF127) has been widely investigated for its broad-range of therodiagnostic applications in biomedical and pharmaceutical sciences, but rapid dissolution in the physiological fluids, short residence time, rapid clearance, and weak mechanical strength are the main shortcomings that are associated with PF127 and have recently been overcome by making various modifications in the structure of PF127 notably through preparation of PF127-based mixed polymeric micelles, PF127-conjugated nanoparticles and PF127-based hydrophobically modified thermogels. In this article, we have briefly discussed the recent studies that have been conducted on various anti-cancer drugs using PF127 as nano-carrier modified with other copolymers and/or conjugated with magnetic nanoparticles. The key findings of these studies demonstrated that the modified form of PF127 can significantly increase the stability of incorporated hydrophobic drugs with enhanced in vitro cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of anti-cancer drugs. Moreover, the modified form of PF127 has also shown its therapeutic potentials as therodiagnostics in various types of tumors and cancers. Hence, it can be concluded that the modified form of PF127 exhibits significant therodiagnostic effects with increased tumor-specific delivery of anti-cancer drugs having minimal toxic effects as compared to PF127 alone and/or other copolymers.
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Maswadeh HM, Aljarbou AN, Alorainy MS, Rahmani AH, Khan MA. Coadministration of doxorubicin and etoposide loaded in camel milk phospholipids liposomes showed increased antitumor activity in a murine model. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:2847-55. [PMID: 25926730 PMCID: PMC4403685 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s80820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Small unilamellar vesicles from camel milk phospholipids (CML) mixture or from 1,2 dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) were prepared, and anticancer drugs doxorubicin (Dox) or etoposide (ETP) were loaded. Liposomal formulations were used against fibrosarcoma in a murine model. Results showed a very high percentage of Dox encapsulation (~98%) in liposomes (Lip) prepared from CML-Lip or DPPC-Lip, whereas the percentage of encapsulations of ETP was on the lower side, 22% of CML-Lip and 18% for DPPC-Lip. Differential scanning calorimetry curves show that Dox enhances the lamellar formation in CML-Lip, whereas ETP enhances the nonlamellar formation. Differential scanning calorimetry curves also showed that the presence of Dox and ETP together into DPPC-Lip produced the interdigitation effect. The in vivo anticancer activity of liposomal formulations of Dox or ETP or a combination of both was assessed against benzopyrene (BAP)-induced fibrosarcoma in a murine model. Tumor-bearing mice treated with a combination of Dox and ETP loaded into CML-Lip showed increased survival and reduced tumor growth compared to other groups, including the combination of Dox and ETP in DPPC-Lip. Fibrosarcoma-bearing mice treated with a combination of free (Dox + ETP) showed much higher tumor growth compared to those groups treated with CML-Lip-(Dox + ETP) or DPPC-Lip-(Dox + ETP). Immunohistochemical study was also performed to show the expression of tumor-suppressor PTEN, and it was found that the tumor tissues from the group of mice treated with a combination of free (Dox + ETP) showed greater loss of cytoplasmic PTEN than tumor tissues obtained from the groups of mice treated with CML-Lip-(Dox + ETP) or DPPC-Lip-(Dox + ETP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamzah M Maswadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed N Aljarbou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Alorainy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad H Rahmani
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Masood A Khan
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Etoposide incorporated into camel milk phospholipids liposomes shows increased activity against fibrosarcoma in a mouse model. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:743051. [PMID: 25821817 PMCID: PMC4363510 DOI: 10.1155/2015/743051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipids were isolated from camel milk and identified by using high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Anticancer drug etoposide (ETP) was entrapped in liposomes, prepared from camel milk phospholipids, to determine its activity against fibrosarcoma in a murine model. Fibrosarcoma was induced in mice by injecting benzopyrene (BAP) and tumor-bearing mice were treated with various formulations of etoposide, including etoposide entrapped camel milk phospholipids liposomes (ETP-Cam-liposomes) and etoposide-loaded DPPC-liposomes (ETP-DPPC-liposomes). The tumor-bearing mice treated with ETP-Cam-liposomes showed slow progression of tumors and increased survival compared to free ETP or ETP-DPPC-liposomes. These results suggest that ETP-Cam-liposomes may prove to be a better drug delivery system for anticancer drugs.
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22
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Yaroslavov AA, Sybachin AV, Zaborova OV, Migulin VA, Samoshin VV, Ballauff M, Kesselman E, Schmidt J, Talmon Y, Menger FM. Capacious and programmable multi-liposomal carriers. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:1635-1641. [PMID: 25554444 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr06037g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Spherical polycationic brushes (SPBs) were synthesized by grafting polycationic chains onto 100 nm polystyrene particles. These particles were exposed to unilamellar egg-lecithin (EL) liposomes with a mean diameter of 40 nm that had been rendered anionic via the presence of 10 molar% of phosphatidylserine (PS(1-)). The liposomes also contained 30 mole% of a morpholinocyclohexanol-based lipid (MOCH) that undergoes a conformational flip when the pH is decreased from 7.0 to 5.0. Mixtures of SPBs and liposomes at pH 7 gave an electrostatically-driven complex possessing, on average, about 40 liposomes for each SPB particle. It was found that the bound liposomes rapidly release much of their contents when the pH is reduced from 7.0 to 5.0 owing mostly to a MOCH conformational change that creates defects in the bilayer membrane. The drop in pH does not, however, induce a separation of the liposomes from the SPBs. Around 50-60% of the liposome contents escape before, it is reasoned, lateral and transmembrane motion of the membrane components heals the defects and prevents further release. Remarkably, the liposomes complexed with SPB release their cargo much faster than the identical but non-complexed liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A Yaroslavov
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.
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Preparation and characterization of cisplatin magnetic solid lipid nanoparticles (MSLNs): effects of loading procedures of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Pharm Res 2014; 32:482-91. [PMID: 25171973 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-014-1476-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In order to improve formulation of targeting chemotherapy, cisplatin-loaded magnetic solid lipid nanoparticles (MSLNs) were prepared. In present study, the deliberate loading of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNs) into cisplatin SLNs was developed. METHODS SLNs were produced by film scattering ultrasonic technique. The effects of two different loading procedures of MNs on the microstructure and physicochemical properties of MSLNs were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), zetasizer, infrared spectroscopy (IR), and fluorescence spectroscopy. In vitro drug release and cytotoxicity against human cervical carcinoma SiHa cells, in vivo tumor cell uptake and target tissue distribution of MSLNs under external magnetic field were investigated. RESULTS The encapsulation efficiency of cisplatin and the content of MNs in procedure I SLNs were 69.20 ± 4.5% and 2.16 ± 0.53 mg/mL, respectively, which were higher than those of procedure II MSLNs. In procedure I, the MNs, which were combined with lipids during film formation, distributed in the middle of the lipid layer in SLNs. Differently, in procedure II, the MNs and cisplatin were contained in an interior compartment in SLNs, resulting from mixing with drugs during hydration of lipid film. The procedure I MSLNs had higher cytotoxicity than procedure II MSLNs or free cisplatin. With in vivo intratumoral administration, cisplatin concentration in the tumor tissue was maintained at higher level for MSLNs than that for free cisplatin, especially under external magnetic field. CONCLUSIONS Procedure I, the developed deliberate MNs loading method, was superior over procedure II in cisplatin encapsulation efficiency, MNs content and cell cytotoxicity.
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Vhora I, Khatri N, Desai J, Thakkar HP. Caprylate-conjugated Cisplatin for the development of novel liposomal formulation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2014; 15:845-57. [PMID: 24700295 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-014-0106-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin, first (platinum) compound to be evolved as an anticancer agent, has found its important place in cancer chemotherapy. However, the dose-dependent toxicities of cisplatin, namely nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, peripheral neuropathy, and gastrointestinal toxicity hinder its widespread use. Liposomes can reduce the toxicity of cisplatin and provide a better therapeutic action, but the low lipid solubility of cisplatin hinders its high entrapment in such lipid carrier. In the present investigation, positively charged reactive aquated species of cisplatin were complexed with negatively charged caprylate ligands, resulting in enhanced interaction of cisplatin with lipid bilayer of liposomes and increase in its encapsulation in liposomal carrier. Prepared cisplatin liposomes were found to have a vesicular size of 107.9 ± 6.2 nm and zeta potential of -3.99 ± 3.45 mV. The optimized liposomal formulation had an encapsulation efficiency of 96.03 ± 1.24% with unprecedented drug loading (0.21 mg cisplatin / mg of lipids). The in vitro release studies exhibited a pH-dependent release of cisplatin from liposomes with highest release (67.55 ± 3.65%) at pH 5.5 indicating that a maximum release would occur inside cancer cells at endolysosomal pH. The prepared liposomes were found to be stable in the serum and showed a low hemolytic potential. In vitro cytotoxicity of cisplatin liposomes on A549 lung cancer cell line was comparable to that of cisplatin solution. The developed formulation also had a significantly higher median lethal dose (LD50) of 23.79 mg/kg than that of the cisplatin solution (12 mg/kg). A promising liposomal formulation of cisplatin has been proposed that can overcome the disadvantages associated with conventional cisplatin therapy and provide a higher safety profile.
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Drug delivery nanoparticles in skin cancers. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:895986. [PMID: 25101298 PMCID: PMC4102061 DOI: 10.1155/2014/895986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology involves the engineering of functional systems at nanoscale, thus being attractive for disciplines ranging from materials science to biomedicine. One of the most active research areas of the nanotechnology is nanomedicine, which applies nanotechnology to highly specific medical interventions for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases, including cancer disease. Over the past two decades, the rapid developments in nanotechnology have allowed the incorporation of multiple therapeutic, sensing, and targeting agents into nanoparticles, for detection, prevention, and treatment of cancer diseases. Nanoparticles offer many advantages as drug carrier systems since they can improve the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs, modify pharmacokinetics, increase drug half-life by reducing immunogenicity, improve bioavailability, and diminish drug metabolism. They can also enable a tunable release of therapeutic compounds and the simultaneous delivery of two or more drugs for combination therapy. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in the use of different types of nanoparticles for systemic and topical drug delivery in the treatment of skin cancer. In particular, the progress in the treatment with nanocarriers of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma has been reported.
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26
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Lin CH, Al-Suwayeh SA, Hung CF, Chen CC, Fang JY. Camptothecin-Loaded Liposomes with α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Enhance Cytotoxicity Toward and Cellular Uptake by Melanomas: An Application of Nanomedicine on Natural Product. J Tradit Complement Med 2014; 3:102-9. [PMID: 24716164 PMCID: PMC3924967 DOI: 10.4103/2225-4110.110423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we attempted to develop functional liposomes loaded with camptothecin and attached to α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) to target melanoma cells. The liposomes were mainly composed of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and stearylamine, and were characterized by the vesicle size, zeta potential, camptothecin encapsulation efficiency, and release behavior. Results revealed that α-MSH liposomes possessed an average size of approximately 250 nm with a surface charge of 60 mV. Camptothecin was successfully entrapped by the targeted liposomes with an encapsulation percentage of nearly 95%. The liposomes provided sustained and controlled camptothecin release. Non-targeted liposomes with the drug exerted superior cytotoxicity against melanomas compared to the free control. Cell viability was reduced from 48% to 32% compared to conventional liposomes. Peptide ligand conjugation further promoted cytotoxicity to 18% viability, which was a 2.7-fold decrease versus the free control. According to the images of fluorescence microscopy, α-MSH liposomes exhibited greater cell endocytosis than did non-targeted liposomes and the free control. α-MSH liposomes were predominantly internalized in the cytoplasm. These findings demonstrate that α-MSH liposomes could enhance the anti-melanoma activity of camptothecin owing to their targeting ability and controlled drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hung Lin
- Center for General Education, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Saleh A Al-Suwayeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chih-Feng Hung
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, Xinzhuang, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chieh Chen
- Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan. ; Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jia-You Fang
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan. ; Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan. ; Department of Cosmetic Science, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Wen CJ, Sung CT, Aljuffali IA, Huang YJ, Fang JY. Nanocomposite liposomes containing quantum dots and anticancer drugs for bioimaging and therapeutic delivery: a comparison of cationic, PEGylated and deformable liposomes. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 24:325101. [PMID: 23867977 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/24/32/325101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional liposomes loaded with quantum dots (QDs) and anticancer drugs were prepared for simultaneous bioimaging and drug delivery. Different formulations, including cationic, PEGylated and deformable liposomes, were compared for their theranostic efficiency. We had evaluated the physicochemical characteristics of these liposomes. The developed liposomes were examined using experimental platforms of cytotoxicity, cell migration, cellular uptake, in vivo melanoma imaging and drug accumulation in tumors. The average size of various nanocomposite liposomes was found to be 92–134 nm. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of QDs within liposomal bilayers. The incorporation of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and Span 20 into the liposomes greatly increased the fluidity of the bilayers. The liposomes provided sustained release of camptothecin and irinotecan. The cytotoxicity and cell migration assay demonstrated superior activity of cationic liposomes compared with other carriers. Cationic liposomes also showed a significant fluorescence signal in melanoma cells after internalization. The liposomes were intratumorally administered to a melanoma-bearing mouse. Cationic liposomes showed the brightest fluorescence in tumors, followed by classical liposomes. This signal could last for up to 24 h for cationic nanosystems. Intratumoral accumulation of camptothecin from free control was 35 nmol g(−1); it could be increased to 50 nmol g(−1) after loading with cationic liposomes. However, encapsulation of irinotecan into liposomes did not further increase intratumoral drug accumulation. Cationic liposomes were preferable to other liposomes as nanocarriers in both bioimaging and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Jen Wen
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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29
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Jianbo G, Xue L, Hongdan Y, Zhaohui T, Xing T, Chenchen C, Jinghua X, Hui X. The Anti-Melanoma Efficiency of the Intratumoral Injection of Cucurbitacin-Loaded Sustained-Release Carriers: A PLGA Particle System. J Pharm Sci 2013; 102:2550-63. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 04/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Evans MS, Madhunapantula SV, Robertson GP, Drabick JJ. Current and future trials of targeted therapies in cutaneous melanoma. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2013; 779:223-55. [PMID: 23288642 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-6176-0_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In order to effectively treat melanoma, targeted inhibition of key m-echanistic events regulating melanoma development such as cell proliferation, survival, angiogenesis and invasion or metastasis needs to be accomplished. The Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway has been identified as a key player in melanoma development making this cascade an important therapeutic target. However, identification of the ideal pathway member to therapeutically target for maximal clinical benefit remains a challenge. In normal cells, the MAPK pathway relays extracellular signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus via a cascade of phosphorylation events, which promote cancer development. Dysregulation of the MAPK pathway occurs frequently in many human cancers including melanoma. Mutations in the B-RAF and RAS genes, genetic or epigenetic modifications are the key aberrations observed in this signaling cascade. Constitutive activation of this pathway causes oncogenic transformation of cells by promoting cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, migration, survival and angiogenesis. This review provides an overview of (a) key members of MAPK signaling regulating melanoma development; (b) key proteins which can serve as biomarkers to assess disease progression; (c) the clinical efficacy of various pharmacological agents targeting MAPK pathway; (d) current clinical trials evaluating downstream targets of the MAPK pathway; (e) issues associated with pharmacological agents such as drug resistance, induction of cancers; and finally (e) various strategies overcoming drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Evans
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
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Smart design of intratumoral thermosensitive β-lapachone hydrogels by Artificial Neural Networks. Int J Pharm 2012; 433:112-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Revised: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Sun M, Su X, Ding B, He X, Liu X, Yu A, Lou H, Zhai G. Advances in nanotechnology-based delivery systems for curcumin. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2012; 7:1085-100. [PMID: 22846093 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.12.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR), a bioactive component of turmeric, which is a commonly used spice and nutritional supplement, is isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa Linn. (Zingiberaceae). In recent years, the potential pharmacological actions of CUR in inflammatory disorders, cardiovascular disease, cancer, Alzheimer’s disease and neurological disorders have been shown. However, the clinical application of CUR is severely limited by its main drawbacks such as instability, low solubility, poor bioavailability and rapid metabolism. Multifarious nanotechnology-based delivery approaches have been used to enhance the oral bioavailability, biological activity or tissue-targeting ability of CUR. This article reviews potential novel drug delivery systems for CUR including liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, micelles, nanogels, nanosuspensions, nanoemulsions, complexes and dendrimer/dimer, which provide promising results for CUR to improve its biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo 255036, China
| | - Xun Su
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Buyun Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiuli He
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Medical Institution, Jinan 250031, China
| | - Xiuju Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Province Hospital, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Aihua Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Hongxiang Lou
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Guangxi Zhai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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Fang JY, Hsu SH, Leu YL, Hu JW. Delivery of Cisplatin from Pluronic Co-polymer Systems: Liposome Inclusion and Alginate Coupling. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2012; 20:1031-47. [DOI: 10.1163/156856209x444493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-You Fang
- a Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hui Hsu
- b Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan County, Taiwan
| | - Yann-Lii Leu
- c Natural Products Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jiuan-Wen Hu
- d Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Fang YP. Topical delivery of DNA oligonucleotide to induce p53 generation in the skin via thymidine dinucleotide (pTT)-encapsulated liposomal carrier. Int J Nanomedicine 2011; 6:3373-81. [PMID: 22267922 PMCID: PMC3260031 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s27538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Transcription factor p53 has a powerful tumor suppressing function that is associated with many cancers. Since the molecular weight of p53 is 53 kDa, it is difficult to transport across cell membranes. Thymidine dinucleotide (pTT) is an oligonucleotide that can activate the p53 transcription factor and trigger the signal transduction cascade. However, the negative charge and high water solubility of pTT limit its transport through cellular membranes, thereby preventing it from reaching its target in the nucleus. A suitable delivery carrier for pTT is currently not available. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to employ a nanoscale liposomal carrier to resolve the delivery problem, and increase the bioavailability and efficiency of pTT. METHODOLOGY The approach was to employ liposomes to deliver pTT and then evaluate the particle size and zeta potential by laser light scattering (LLS), and permeation properties of pTT in vitro in a Franz diffusion assembly, and in vivo in a murine model using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). RESULTS We found that dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) combined with cholesterol 3 sulfate (C3S) were the best ingredients to achieve an average desired vehicle size of 133.6 ± 2.8 nm, a polydispersity index (PDI, representing the distribution of particle sizes) of 0.437, and a zeta potential of -93.3 ± 1.88. An in vitro penetration study showed that the liposomal carrier was superior to the free form of pTT at 2-24 hours. CLSM study observed that the penetration depth of pTT reached the upper epidermis and potential of penetration maintained up to 24 hours. CONCLUSION These preliminary data demonstrate that nanosized DOPE/C3S liposomes can be exploited as a potential carrier of drugs for topical use in treating skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ping Fang
- Department of Biotechnology, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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Sterically stabilized liposomes incorporating the novel anticancer agent phospho-ibuprofen (MDC-917): preparation, characterization, and in vitro/in vivo evaluation. Pharm Res 2011; 29:1435-43. [PMID: 22072052 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-011-0619-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To incorporate phospho-ibuprofen (P-I), a lipophilic, water insoluble novel anti-cancer agent, into pegylated liposomes and upon formulation optimization to evaluate its antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo. METHODS P-I loaded liposomes were prepared using the thin-film hydration method, and characterized for size, zeta potential, drug content and drug release. We examined their physical stability by particle size changes; their lyophilization ability in the presence of cryoprotectants; and their antitumor activity in vitro in human cancer cell lines and in vivo in a xenograft murine model. RESULTS P-I was successfully loaded into liposomes consisting of soy-PC and PEG(2000)-PE. These liposomes were <150 nm in diameter; exhibited prolonged stability in suspension and can be lyophilized using sucrose as cryoprotectant. P-I liposomes inhibited the growth of human cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo of xenograft in nude mice to a greater extent than free P-I. CONCLUSIONS High levels of P-I can be incorporated into liposomes which can be lyophilized in the presence of sucrose and showed good stability upon storage. Moreover, these drug-incorporating liposomes were capable of inhibiting the growth of xenografted tumors in mice more effectively than free P-I. These results justify further development of the P-I liposomes.
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Abstract
Recent progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of the initiation and progression of melanoma has created new opportunities for developing novel therapeutic modalities to manage this potentially lethal disease. Although at first glance, melanoma carcinogenesis appears to be a chaotic system, it is indeed, arguably, a deterministic multistep process involving sequential alterations of proto-oncogenes, tumour suppressors and miRNA genes. The scope of this article is to discuss the most recent and significant advances in melanoma molecular therapeutics. It is apparent that using single agents targeting solely individual melanoma pathways might be insufficient for long-term survival. However, the outstanding results on melanoma survival observed with novel selective inhibitors of B-RAF, such as PLX4032 give hope that melanoma can be cured. The fact that melanoma develops acquired resistance to PLX4032 emphasises the importance of simultaneously targeting several pathways. Because the most striking feature of melanoma is its unsurpassed ability to metastasise, it is important to implement newer systems for drug delivery adapted from research on stem cells and nanotechnology.
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Bei D, Meng J, Youan BBC. Engineering nanomedicines for improved melanoma therapy: progress and promises. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2011; 5:1385-99. [PMID: 21128721 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.10.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Once metastatic, melanoma remains one of the most aggressive and morbid malignancies. Moreover, in past decades, the overall survival for advanced unresectable melanoma exhibited a constancy of poor prognosis. Low response rates and serious adverse effects have been characteristic of standard therapy based on a combination of chemotherapeutic agents or immunotherapy with IL-2. For example, the chemotherapy including dacarbazine, carmustin, cisplatin and tamoxifen is known as 'Dartmouth regimen' while the CVD regimen comprises carmustine, vinblastine and dacarbazine. Thus, there is an urgent and critical need to reformulate these bioactive agents using nanoscience and nanotechnology as alternative strategies. This article overviews current design and evaluation of nanomedicine undertaken to address this unmet medical need. The nanomedicines studied include polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, polymersomes, dendrimers, cubosomes, niosomes and nanodiamonds. In this preclinical article, nanotechnology provides hope for effective treatment of this aggressive and largely treatment-resistant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Bei
- Laboratory of Future Nanomedicines & Theoretical Chronopharmaceutics, Division of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
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Inamdar GS, Madhunapantula SV, Robertson GP. Targeting the MAPK pathway in melanoma: why some approaches succeed and other fail. Biochem Pharmacol 2010; 80:624-37. [PMID: 20450891 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2010.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2010] [Revised: 04/19/2010] [Accepted: 04/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway plays a key role in melanoma development making it an important therapeutic target. In normal cells, the tightly regulated pathway relays extracellular signals from cell membrane to nucleus via a cascade of phosphorylation events. In melanomas, dysregulation of the MAPK pathway occurs frequently due to activating mutations in the B-RAF and RAS genes or other genetic or epigenetic modifications, leading to increased signaling activity promoting cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, migration, survival and angiogenesis. However, identification of ideal pathway member to therapeutically target for maximal clinical benefit to melanoma patients remains a challenge. This review provides an overview of the obstacles faced targeting the MAPK pathway and why certain therapeutic approaches succeed while others fail. The review summarizes the roles played by the proteins, therapeutic potential and the drugs available to target each member of the pathway as well as concerns related to each. Potential for targeting multiple points and inhibiting other pathways along with MAPK inhibition for optimal efficacy are discussed along with explanations for development of drug resistance, which includes discussions related to cross-talk between pathways, RAF kinase isoform switching and phosphatase deregulation. Finally, the use of nanotechnology is reviewed as an approach to target the MAPK pathway using both genetic and pharmacological agents simultaneously targeting multiple points in the pathway or in combination with other cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajanan S Inamdar
- Departments of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
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Ahn T, Chi YT, Yun CH. Effect of nonlamellar-prone lipids on protein encapsulation in liposomes. Macromol Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03218642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Maglogiannis I, Doukas C. Overview of Advanced Computer Vision Systems for Skin Lesions Characterization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 13:721-33. [DOI: 10.1109/titb.2009.2017529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Permeation enhancer-containing water-in-oil nanoemulsions as carriers for intravesical cisplatin delivery. Pharm Res 2009; 26:2314-23. [PMID: 19653070 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-009-9947-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2009] [Accepted: 07/20/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the present work, we developed water-in-oil (w/o) nanoemulsions for the intravesical administration of cisplatin. METHODS The nanoemulsions were made up of soybean oil as the oil phase and Span 80, Tween 80, or Brij 98 as the emulsifier system. alpha-Terpineol and oleic acid were incorporated as permeation enhancers. The physicochemical characteristics of droplet size, zeta potential, and viscosity were determined. Nanoemulsions were administered intravesically for 1 approximately 4 h to rats in vivo. Animals were subsequently sacrificed, and the bladders were harvested to examine drug accumulation and histology. RESULTS Ranges of the mean size and zeta potential were 30 approximately 90 nm and -3.4 to -9.3 mV, respectively. The addition of enhancers further reduced the size of the nanoemulsions. The viscosity of all systems exhibited Newtonian behavior. The cisplatin-loaded nanoemulsions were active against bladder cancer cells. The nanoemulsions with Brij 98 exhibited the complete inhibition of cell proliferation. The encapsulation of cisplatin and carboplatin, another derivative of cisplatin, in nanoemulsions resulted in slower and more-sustained release. The amount of drug which permeated into bladder tissues significantly increased when using carriers containing Brij 98, with the alpha-terpineol-containing formulation showing the best result. The nanoemulsion with alpha-terpineol prolonged the duration of higher drug accumulation to 3 approximately 4 h. At the later stage of administration (3 approximately 4 h), this system increased the bladder wall deposition of cisplatin and carboplatin by 2.4 approximately 3.3-fold compared to the control solution. Histological examination of the urothelium showed near-normal morphology in rats instilled with these nanoemulsions. alpha-Terpineol possibly caused slight desquamation of umbrella cells. CONCLUSIONS The nanoemulsions are feasible to load cisplatin for intravesical drug delivery.
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Hsu SH, Leu YL, Hu JW, Fang JY. Physicochemical Characterization and Drug Release of Thermosensitive Hydrogels Composed of a Hyaluronic Acid/Pluronic F127 Graft. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2009; 57:453-8. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.57.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hui Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science
| | - Yann-Lii Leu
- Natural Products Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University
| | - Jiuan-Wen Hu
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University
| | - Jia-You Fang
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University
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Johnson TS, Mahnke K, Storn V, Schonfeld K, Ring S, Nettelbeck DM, Haisma HJ, Le Gall F, Kontermann RE, Enk AH. Inhibition of Melanoma Growth by Targeting of Antigen to Dendritic Cells via an Anti-DEC-205 Single-Chain Fragment Variable Molecule. Clin Cancer Res 2008; 14:8169-77. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-1474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Twelve chromatically opponent ganglion cell types in turtle retina. Vis Neurosci 2008; 26:382-94. [PMID: 18598402 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-008-9755-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2008] [Accepted: 10/10/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The turtle retina has been extensively used for the study of chromatic processing mechanisms. Color opponency has been previously investigated with trichromatic paradigms, but behavioral studies show that the turtle has an ultraviolet (UV) channel and a tetrachromatic visual system. Our laboratory has been working in the characterization of neuronal responses in the retina of vertebrates using stimuli in the UV-visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum. In the present investigation, we recorded color-opponent responses from turtle amacrine and ganglion cells to UV and visible stimuli and extended our previous results that UV color-opponency is present at the level of the inner nuclear layer. We recorded from 181 neurons, 36 of which were spectrally opponent. Among these, there were 10 amacrine (5%), and 26 ganglion cells (15%). Morphological identification of color-opponent neurons was possible for two ganglion cell classes (G17 and G22) and two amacrine cell classes (A22 and A23b). There was a variety of cell response types and a potential for complex processing of chromatic stimuli, with intensity- and wavelength-dependent response components. Ten types of color opponency were found in ganglion cells and by adding previous results from our laboratory, 12 types of opponent responses have been found. The majority of the ganglion cells were R+UVBG- and RG+UVB-color-opponents but there were other less frequent types of chromatic opponency. This study confirms the participation of a UV channel in the processing of color opponency in the turtle inner retina and shows that the turtle visual system has the retinal mechanisms to allow many possible chromatic combinations.
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Le UM, Shaker DS, Sloat BR, Cui Z. A Thermo-Sensitive Polymeric Gel Containing a Gadolinium (Gd) Compound Encapsulated into Liposomes Significantly Extended the Retention of the Gd in Tumors. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2008; 34:413-8. [DOI: 10.1080/03639040701662495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Liu J, Gu B, Bian J, Hu S, Cheng X, Ke Q, Yan H. Antitumor activities of liposome-incorporated aqueous extracts of Anodonta woodiana (Lea, 1834). Eur Food Res Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-007-0806-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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