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Park JM, Jun MS, Kim JA, Mali NM, Hsi TC, Cho A, Kim JC, Kim JY, Seo I, Kim J, Kim M, Oh JW. Restoration of Immune Privilege in Human Dermal Papillae Controlling Epithelial-Mesenchymal Interactions in Hair Formation. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 19:105-116. [PMID: 34626334 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-021-00392-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hair follicles are among a handful of organs that exhibit immune privilege. Dysfunction of the hair follicle immune system underlies the development of inflammatory diseases, such as alopecia areata. METHODS Quantitative reverse transcription PCR and immunostaining was used to confirm the expression of major histocompatibility complex class I in human dermal papilla cells. Through transcriptomic analyses of human keratinocyte stem cells, major histocompatibility complex class I was identified as differentially expressed genes. Organ culture and patch assay were performed to assess the ability of WNT3a conditioned media to rescue immune privilege. Lastly, CD8+ T cells were detected near the hair bulb in alopecia areata patients through immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor alpha and interferon gamma were verified to induce the expression of major histocompatibility complex class I proteins in dermal papilla cells. Additionally, loss of immune privilege of hair follicles was rescued following treatment with conditioned media from outer root sheath cells. Transcriptomic analyses found 58 up-regulated genes and 183 down-regulated genes related in MHC class I+ cells. Using newborn hair patch assay, we demonstrated that WNT3a conditioned media with epidermal growth factor can restore hair growth. In alopecia areata patients, CD8+ T cells were increased during the transition from mid-anagen to late catagen. CONCLUSION Identification of mechanisms governing epithelial and mesenchymal interactions of the hair follicle facilitates an improved understanding of the regulation of hair follicle immune privilege.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Min Park
- Department of Anatomy, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.,Immune Square Inc., Daegu, Korea
| | - Mee Sook Jun
- Department of Anatomy, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung-A Kim
- Department of Immunology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.,Hair Transplantation Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Nanda Maya Mali
- Department of Anatomy, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Tsai-Ching Hsi
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Areum Cho
- Department of Anatomy, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung Chul Kim
- Department of Immunology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.,Hair Transplantation Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jun Young Kim
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Incheol Seo
- Department of Microbiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, Korea
| | - Jungmin Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Moonkyu Kim
- Department of Immunology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea. .,Hair Transplantation Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea.
| | - Ji Won Oh
- Department of Anatomy, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea. .,Biomedical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea. .,Immune Square Inc., Daegu, Korea. .,Hair Transplantation Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea.
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Broussonetia papyrifera Promotes Hair Growth Through the Regulation of β-Catenin and STAT6 Target Proteins: A Phototrichogram Analysis of Clinical Samples. COSMETICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics7020040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Broussonetia papyrifera (B.papyrifera), belonging to the Moraceae family, is known to elicit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, anticancer, antinociceptive, and antimicrobial effects. The present study has been designed to examine the effects of B. papyrifera extract on hair growth through in vitro and clinical samples. Real-time cell growth assay, T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer-binding factor (TCF/LEF), activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-6(STAT6) and STAT3 reporter gene function, and Western blotting was performed to examine whether B. papyrifera regulates the expression of target proteins implicated in the proliferation of human hair follicle dermal papilla (hHFDP) cells. In this human trial, using a phototrichogram, the effect of B. papyrifera on hair growth was examined by reconstitution analysis after shaving the hair of the clinical subject’s dorsal skin. B. papyrifera promoted growth equally in hHFDP cells, which is comparable to that of minoxidil and tofacitinib. Treatment with B. papyrifera extract enhanced the TCF/LEF-luciferase activity and increased the level of β-catenin protein. Moreover, B. papyrifera extract significantly suppressed interleukin-4 (IL4)-induced STAT6 phosphorylation. In clinical trial, using a phototrichogram, we assessed the hair density and total hair counts at 0, 6, and 12 weeks after the use of hair tonic containing B. papyrifera extract. After using the hair tonic for 12 weeks, the total hair count was significantly increased as compared with the subjects at the start date (n = 11). B. papyrifera promotes dermal papilla cells proliferation in vitro and clinically among human volunteers through the regulation of WNT-β-catenin and STAT6 pathways.
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Madaan A, Verma R, Singh AT, Jaggi M. Review of Hair Follicle Dermal Papilla cells as in vitro screening model for hair growth. Int J Cosmet Sci 2018; 40:429-450. [PMID: 30144361 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hair disorders such as hair loss (alopecia) and androgen dependent, excessive hair growth (hirsutism, hypertrichosis) may impact the social and psychological well-being of an individual. Recent advances in understanding the biology of hair have accelerated the research and development of novel therapeutic and cosmetic hair growth agents. Preclinical models aid in dermocosmetic efficacy testing and claim substantiation of hair growth modulators. The in vitro models to investigate hair growth utilize the hair follicle Dermal Papilla cells (DPCs), specialized mesenchymal cells located at the base of hair follicle that play essential roles in hair follicular morphogenesis and postnatal hair growth cycles. In this review, we have compiled and discussed the extensively reported literature citing DPCs as in vitro model to study hair growth promoting and inhibitory effects. A variety of agents such as herbal and natural extracts, growth factors and cytokines, platelet-rich plasma, placental extract, stem cells and conditioned medium, peptides, hormones, lipid-nanocarrier, light, electrical and electromagnetic field stimulation, androgens and their analogs, stress-serum and chemotherapeutic agents etc. have been examined for their hair growth modulating effects in DPCs. Effects on DPCs' activity were determined from untreated (basal) or stress induced levels. Cell proliferation, apoptosis and secretion of growth factors were included as primary end-point markers. Effects on a wide range of biomolecules and mechanistic pathways that play key role in the biology of hair growth were also investigated. This consolidated and comprehensive review summarizes the up-to-date information and understanding regarding DPCs based screening models for hair growth and may be helpful for researchers to select the appropriate assay system and biomarkers. This review highlights the pivotal role of DPCs in the forefront of hair research as screening platforms by providing insights into mechanistic action at cellular level, which may further direct the development of novel hair growth modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka Madaan
- Cell Biology Lab, Dabur Research Foundation, 22, Site IV, Sahibabad, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201010, India
| | - Ritu Verma
- Cell Biology Lab, Dabur Research Foundation, 22, Site IV, Sahibabad, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201010, India
| | - Anu T Singh
- Cell Biology Lab, Dabur Research Foundation, 22, Site IV, Sahibabad, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201010, India
| | - Manu Jaggi
- Cell Biology Lab, Dabur Research Foundation, 22, Site IV, Sahibabad, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201010, India
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Choi YM, Choi SY, Kim H, Kim J, Ki MS, An IS, Jung J. TGFβ family mimetic peptide promotes proliferation of human hair follicle dermal papilla cells and hair growth in C57BL/6 mice. BIOMEDICAL DERMATOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s41702-018-0033-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Park BM, Bak SS, Shin KO, Kim M, Kim D, Jung SH, Jeong S, Sung YK, Kim HJ. Promotion of hair growth by newly synthesized ceramide mimetic compound. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 491:173-177. [PMID: 28711498 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Based on the crucial roles of ceramides in skin barrier function, use of ceramides or their structural mimetic compounds, pseudoceramides, as cosmetic ingredients are getting more popular. While currently used pseudoceramides are intended to substitute the structural roles of ceramides in stratum corneum, development of bioactive pseudoceramides has been repeatedly reported. In this study, based on the potential involvement of sphingolipids in hair cycle regulation, we investigated the effects of newly synthesized pseudoceramide, bis-oleamido isopropyl alcohol (BOI), on hair growth using cultured human hair follicles and animal models. BOI treatment promoted hair growth in cultured human hair follicles ex vivo and induced earlier conversion of telogen into anagen. Although we did not find a significant enhancement of growth factor expression and follicular cell proliferation, BOI treatment resulted in an increased sphinganine and sphingosine contents as well as increased ceramides contents in cultured dermal papilla (DP) cells. Taken together, our data strongly suggest that biologically active pseudoceramide promotes hair growth by stimulating do novo synthesis of sphingolipids in DP cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bu-Mahn Park
- CRID Center, NeoPharm Co., Ltd., Daejeon, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Sun Bak
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Oh Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhee Kim
- CRID Center, NeoPharm Co., Ltd., Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehwan Kim
- CRID Center, NeoPharm Co., Ltd., Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hun Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sekyoo Jeong
- Department of Bio-Cosmetic Science, Seowon University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kwan Sung
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Atopy and Asthma Center Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kim YE, Choi HC, Lee IC, Yuk DY, Lee H, Choi BY. 3-Deoxysappanchalcone Promotes Proliferation of Human Hair Follicle Dermal Papilla Cells and Hair Growth in C57BL/6 Mice by Modulating WNT/β-Catenin and STAT Signaling. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2016; 24:572-580. [PMID: 27795451 PMCID: PMC5098535 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2016.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
3-Deoxysappanchalcone (3-DSC) has been reported to possess anti-allergic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. In the present study, we investigated the effects of 3-DSC on the proliferation of human hair follicle dermal papilla cells (HDPCs) and mouse hair growth in vivo. A real-time cell analyzer system, luciferase assay, Western blot and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were employed to measure the biochemical changes occurring in HDPCs in response to 3-DSC treatment. The effect of 3-DSC on hair growth in C57BL/6 mice was also examined. 3-DSC promoted the proliferation of HDPCs, similar to Tofacitinib, an inhibitor of janus-activated kinase (JAK). 3-DSC promoted phosphorylation of β-catenin and transcriptional activation of the T-cell factor. In addition, 3-DSC potentiated interleukin-6 (IL-6)-induced phosphorylation and subsequent transactivation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3), thereby increasing the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase-4 (Cdk4), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). On the contrary, 3-DSC attenuated STAT6 mRNA expression and IL4-induced STAT6 phosphorylation in HDPCs. Finally, we observed that topical application of 3-DSC promoted the anagen phase of hair growth in C57BL/6 mice. 3-DSC stimulates hair growth possibly by inducing proliferation of follicular dermal papilla cells via modulation of WNT/β-catenin and STAT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Eun Kim
- Cosmecutical R&D Center, HP&C, Seowon University, Cheongju 28674, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Chul Choi
- Cosmecutical R&D Center, HP&C, Seowon University, Cheongju 28674, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Chul Lee
- Department of Cosmetic Science & Engineering, Seowon University, Cheongju 28674, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Yeon Yuk
- Cosmecutical R&D Center, HP&C, Seowon University, Cheongju 28674, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyosung Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science & Engineering, Seowon University, Cheongju 28674, Republic of Korea
| | - Bu Young Choi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science & Engineering, Seowon University, Cheongju 28674, Republic of Korea
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Lee EY, Choi EJ, Kim JA, Hwang YL, Kim CD, Lee MH, Roh SS, Kim YH, Han I, Kang S. Malva verticillata seed extracts upregulate the Wnt pathway in human dermal papilla cells. Int J Cosmet Sci 2015; 38:148-54. [PMID: 26249736 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mesenchymal-epithelial interactions are important in controlling hair growth and the hair cycle. The β-catenin pathway of dermal papilla cells (DPCs) plays a pivotal role in morphogenesis and normal regeneration of hair follicles. Deletion of β-catenin in the dermal papilla reduces proliferation of the hair follicle progenitor cells that generate the hair shaft and induces an early onset of the catagen phase. In this study, a modulator of the Wnt/β-catenin activity was studied in oriental herb extracts on cultured human DPCs. METHODS The effect of Malva verticillata (M. verticillata) seeds on human DPCs was investigated by a Wnt/β-catenin reporter activity assay system (β-catenin-TCF/LEF reporter gene) and cell proliferation analysis. The synthesis of the factors related to hair growth and cycling was measured at both the mRNA and the protein level by semi-quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. RESULTS An extract from M. verticillata seeds increased Wnt reporter activity in a concentration-dependent manner and also led to increased β-catenin levels in cultured human DPCs. Myristoleic acid, identified as an effective compound of M. verticillata seeds, stimulated the proliferation of DPCs in a dose-dependent manner and increased transcription levels of the downstream targets: IGF-1, KGF, VEGF and HGF. Myristoleic acid also enhanced the phosphorylation of MAPKs (Akt and p38). CONCLUSION Overall, the data suggest that this extract of M. verticillata seeds could be a good candidate for treating hair loss by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in DPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Y Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - E-J Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - J A Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | | | - C-D Kim
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - M H Lee
- OBM Laboratory, Daejeon, Korea
| | - S S Roh
- OBM Laboratory, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Y H Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - I Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam, Korea
| | - S Kang
- Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
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Epoetin Alpha and Epoetin Zeta: A Comparative Study on Stimulation of Angiogenesis and Wound Repair in an Experimental Model of Burn Injury. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:968927. [PMID: 26146639 PMCID: PMC4471383 DOI: 10.1155/2015/968927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Deep second-degree burns are characterized by delayed formation of granulation tissue and impaired angiogenesis. Erythropoietin (EPO) is able to stimulate angiogenesis and mitosis, activating vascularization and cell cycle. The aim of our study was to investigate whether two biosimilar recombinant human erythropoietins, EPO-α and EPO-Z, may promote these processes in an experimental model of burn injury. A total of 84 mice were used and a scald burn was produced on the back after shaving, in 80°C water for 10 seconds. Mice were then randomized to receive EPO-α (400 units/kg/day/sc) or EPO-Z (400 units/kg/day/sc) or their vehicle (100 μL/day/sc 0.9% NaCl solution). After 12 days, both EPO-α and EPO-Z increased VEGF protein expression. EPO-α caused an increased cyclin D1/CDK6 and cyclin E/CDK2 expression compared with vehicle and EPO-Z (p<0.001). Our study showed that EPO-α and EPO-Z accelerated wound closure and angiogenesis; however EPO-α resulted more effectively in achieving complete skin regeneration. Our data suggest that EPO-α and EPO-Z are not biosimilars for the wound healing effects. The higher efficacy of EPO-α might be likely due to its different conformational structure leading to a more efficient cell proliferation and skin remodelling.
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Higgins CA, Christiano AM. Regenerative medicine and hair loss: how hair follicle culture has advanced our understanding of treatment options for androgenetic alopecia. Regen Med 2014; 9:101-11. [PMID: 24351010 DOI: 10.2217/rme.13.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Many of the current drug therapies for androgenetic alopecia were discovered serendipitously, with hair growth observed as an off-target effect when drugs were used to treat a different disorder. Subsequently, several studies using cultured cells have enabled identification of hair growth modulators with similar properties to the currently available drugs, which may also provide clinical benefit. In situations where the current therapeutics do not work, follicular unit transplantation is an alternative surgical option. More recently, the concept of follicular cell implantation, or hair follicle neogenesis, has been attempted, exploiting the inherent properties of cultured hair follicle cells to induce de novo hair growth in balding scalp. In this review, we discuss both the advances in cell culture techniques that have led to a wider range of potential therapeutics to promote hair growth, in addition to detailing current knowledge on follicular cell implantation, and the challenges in making this approach a reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire A Higgins
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Jia Q, Zhang M, Kong Y, Chen S, Chen Y, Wang X, Zhang L, Lang W, Zhang L, Zhang L. Activin B promotes initiation and development of hair follicles in mice. Cells Tissues Organs 2013; 198:318-26. [PMID: 24356544 DOI: 10.1159/000356304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Activin B has been reported to promote the regeneration of hair follicles during wound healing. However, its role in the development and life cycle of hair follicles has not been elucidated. In our study, the effect of activin B on mouse hair follicles of cultured and neonatal mouse skin was investigated. In these models, PBS or activin B (5, 10 or 50 ng/ml) was applied, and hair follicle development was monitored. Hair follicle initiation and development was examined using hematoxylin and eosin staining, alkaline phosphatase activity staining, Oil Red O+ staining, and the detection of TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling cell apoptosis. Activin B was found to efficiently induce the initiation of hair follicles in the skin of both cultured and neonatal mice and to promote the development of hair follicles in neonatal mouse skin. Moreover, activin-B-treated hair follicles were observed to enter the anagen stage from the telogen stage and to remain in the anagen stage. These results demonstrate that activin B promotes the initiation and development of hair follicles in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Jia
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
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Erythropoietin induces insulin-like growth factor-1 from three-dimensional culture of human dermal papilla cells. J Dermatol Sci 2012; 69:82-4. [PMID: 23141213 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2012.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 09/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Oh JW, Choi JY, Kim M, Abdi SIH, Lau HC, Kim M, Lim JO. Fabrication and characterization of epithelial scaffolds for hair follicle regeneration. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13770-012-0147-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Mok PL, Cheong SK, Leong CF, Chua KH, Ainoon O. Human mesenchymal stromal cells could deliver erythropoietin and migrate to the basal layer of hair shaft when subcutaneously implanted in a murine model. Tissue Cell 2012; 44:249-56. [PMID: 22560724 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2012.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2011] [Revised: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are an attractive cell-targeting vehicle for gene delivery. MIDGE (an acronym for Minimalistic, Immunologically Defined Gene Expression) construct is relatively safer than the viral or plasmid expression system as the detrimental eukaryotic and prokaryotic gene and sequences have been eliminated. The objective of this study was to test the ability of the human MSC (hMSC) to deliver the erythropoietin (EPO) gene in a nude mice model following nucleofection using a MIDGE construct. hMSC nucleofected with MIDGE encoding the EPO gene was injected subcutaneously in Matrigel at the dorsal flank of nude mice. Subcutaneous implantation of nucleofected hMSC resulted in increased hemoglobin level with presence of human EPO in the peripheral blood of the injected nude mice in the first two weeks post-implantation compared with the control groups. The basal layer of the hair shaft in the dermal layer was found to be significantly positive for immunohistochemical staining of a human EPO antibody. However, only a few basal layers of the hair shaft were found to be positively stained for CD105. In conclusion, hMSC harboring MIDGE-EPO could deliver and transiently express the EPO gene in the nude mice model. These cells could be localized to the hair follicle and secreted EPO protein might have possible role in hair regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Mok
- PPUKM-MAKNA Cancer Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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