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Loite U, Raam L, Reimann E, Reemann P, Prans E, Traks T, Vasar E, Silm H, Kingo K, Kõks S. The Expression Pattern of Genes Related to Melanogenesis and Endogenous Opioids in Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313056. [PMID: 34884858 PMCID: PMC8657874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The melanocortin system is a major regulator of stress responses in the skin and is responsible for the induction of melanin synthesis through activation of melanogenesis enzymes. The expression of both melanocortin system genes and melanogenesis enzyme genes is altered in psoriasis, and the focus here was on twelve genes related to the signal transduction between them. Additionally, five endogenous opioid system genes that are involved in cutaneous inflammation were examined. Quantitative real-time-PCR was utilized to measure mRNA expression in punch biopsies from lesional and non-lesional skin of psoriasis patients and from the skin of healthy control subjects. Most of the genes related to melanogenesis were down-regulated in patients (CREB1, MITF, LEF1, USF1, MAPK14, ICAM1, PIK3CB, RPS6KB1, KIT, and ATRN). Conversely, an up-regulation occurred in the case of opioids (PENK, PDYN, and PNOC). The suppression of genes related to melanogenesis is in agreement with the reported reduction in pigmentation signaling in psoriatic skin and potentially results from the pro-inflammatory environment. The increase in endogenous opioids can be associated with their involvement in inflammatory dysregulation in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulvi Loite
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University of Tartu, 31 Raja, 50417 Tartu, Estonia; (U.L.); (L.R.); (P.R.); (H.S.); (K.K.)
| | - Liisi Raam
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University of Tartu, 31 Raja, 50417 Tartu, Estonia; (U.L.); (L.R.); (P.R.); (H.S.); (K.K.)
- Dermatology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, 31 Raja, 50417 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ene Reimann
- Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, 23b/2 Riia, 51010 Tartu, Estonia;
| | - Paula Reemann
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University of Tartu, 31 Raja, 50417 Tartu, Estonia; (U.L.); (L.R.); (P.R.); (H.S.); (K.K.)
| | - Ele Prans
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Tartu University Hospital, 8 L. Puusepa, 51014 Tartu, Estonia;
| | - Tanel Traks
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University of Tartu, 31 Raja, 50417 Tartu, Estonia; (U.L.); (L.R.); (P.R.); (H.S.); (K.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Eero Vasar
- Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia;
| | - Helgi Silm
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University of Tartu, 31 Raja, 50417 Tartu, Estonia; (U.L.); (L.R.); (P.R.); (H.S.); (K.K.)
- Dermatology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, 31 Raja, 50417 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Külli Kingo
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University of Tartu, 31 Raja, 50417 Tartu, Estonia; (U.L.); (L.R.); (P.R.); (H.S.); (K.K.)
- Dermatology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, 31 Raja, 50417 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sulev Kõks
- The Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, 8 Verdun St., Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia;
- Centre for Comparative Genomics, Murdoch University, 90 South St., Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
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Shaker OG, Eltahlawi SMR, Tawfic SO, Eltawdy AM, Bedair NIE. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and CRH receptor 1 gene expression in vitiligo. Clin Exp Dermatol 2016; 41:734-40. [DOI: 10.1111/ced.12907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- O. G. Shaker
- Department of Biochemistry Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Faculty of Medicine; Cairo University; Cairo Egypt
| | - S. M. R. Eltahlawi
- Department of Dermatology; Faculty of Medicine; Cairo University; Cairo Egypt
| | - S. O. Tawfic
- Department of Dermatology; Faculty of Medicine; Cairo University; Cairo Egypt
| | - A. M. Eltawdy
- Department of Dermatology; Faculty of Medicine; Cairo University; Cairo Egypt
| | - N. I. E. Bedair
- Department of Dermatology; Students’ Hospital; Cairo University; Cairo Egypt
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Lotti T, Hercogova J, Fabrizi G. Advances in the treatment options for vitiligo: activated low-dose cytokines-based therapy. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2015; 16:2485-96. [DOI: 10.1517/14656566.2015.1087508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Abstract
Neuropeptides (NPs) and neurotransmitters are a heterogeneous group of soluble factors that make connections within the neuroendocrine and immune systems. NPs, including substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), α melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), released by nerves that innervate the skin, can modulate the action of innate and adaptive skin immunity as well as the skin cells functions. Their role in several inflammatory skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and vitiligo, and in the isotopic response has been reported. Further progress in understanding the various processes that modulate the interactions of the nervous and the skin immune system is essential to develop effective treatment for inflammatory skin conditions with neurogenic components and for understanding signs and symptoms in the isotopic response and, in general, in the control of global and regional immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torello Lotti
- Chair of Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Rome "G. Marconi," Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Massimiliano D'Erme
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Italy.
| | - Jana Hercogová
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Bulovka University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
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Lotti T, Zanardelli M, D’Erme AM. Vitiligo: what’s new in the psycho-neuro-endocrine-immune connection and related treatments. Wien Med Wochenschr 2014; 164:278-85. [DOI: 10.1007/s10354-014-0288-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Reimann E, Kingo K, Karelson M, Reemann P, Vasar E, Silm H, Kõks S. Whole Transcriptome Analysis (RNA Sequencing) of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Vitiligo Patients. Dermatopathology (Basel) 2014; 1:11-23. [PMID: 27047918 PMCID: PMC4772995 DOI: 10.1159/000357402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitiligo is an idiopathic disorder characterized by depigmented patches on the skin due to a loss of melanocytes. The cause of melanocyte destruction is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to detect the potential pathways involved in the vitiligo pathogenesis to further understand the causes and entity of vitiligo. For that the transcriptome of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 4 vitiligo patients and 4 control subjects was analyzed using the SOLiD System platform and whole transcriptome RNA sequencing application. Altogether 2,470 genes were expressed differently and GRID2IP showed the highest deviation in patients compared to controls. Using functional analysis, altogether 993 associations between the gene groups and diseases were found. The analysis revealed associations between vitiligo and diseases such as lichen planus, limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B, and facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy. Additionally, the gene groups with an altered expression pattern are participating in processes such as cell death, survival and signaling, inflammation, and oxidative stress. In conclusion, vitiligo is rather a systemic than a local skin disease; the findings from an enormous amount of RNA sequencing data support the previous findings about vitiligo and should be further analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Reimann
- Department of Physiology, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Tartu, Estonia; Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - K Kingo
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Dermatology Clinic of Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - M Karelson
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Tartu, Estonia
| | - P Reemann
- Department of Physiology, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Tartu, Estonia
| | - E Vasar
- Department of Physiology, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Centre of Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - H Silm
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Tartu, Estonia
| | - S Kõks
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Centre of Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
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