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Iriki H, Mukai M, Asahina Y, Kubo Y, Ito H, Amagai M, Takahashi H. Attenuation of OX40 signaling suppression by age disrupts peripheral deletion of CD4 + T cells specific for the epidermal autoantigen desmoglein 3. Immun Ageing 2023; 20:26. [PMID: 37308897 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00353-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Various autoimmune responses increase with age, but the underlying mechanism is not clear. In this study, we used CD4+ T cells expressing a transgenic T cell receptor specific for desmoglein 3 (Dsg3), which is the target antigen of the autoimmune bullous disease pemphigus vulgaris, to examine how peripheral immunological tolerance against pathogenic autoreactive CD4+ T cells changes with age. Dsg3-specific T cells were deleted within 14 days after adoptive transfer into young mice (8 weeks old), while they escaped deletion when transferred into older mice over 42 weeks old. Dsg3-specific T cells produced higher levels of the proinflammatory cytokine IFN-γ in aged mice than in young mice. In addition, the expression levels of both OX40 and Birc5, which are important for cell survival in T cell clonal proliferation, were higher in aged than in young mice. The dysfunction in suppressing proinflammatory cytokine secretion and Birc5 upregulation in Dsg3-specific autoreactive T cells may reflect an aspect of the preliminary steps in autoimmune disease development in the aged population. Understanding this mechanism may lead to better risk evaluation of autoimmune disease development and to onset prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisato Iriki
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Miho Mukai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Asahina
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yoko Kubo
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiromi Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masayuki Amagai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
- Laboratory for Skin Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-Cho, Tsurumi-Ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Hayato Takahashi
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
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Takahashi H, Nomura H, Iriki H, Kubo A, Isami K, Mikami Y, Mukai M, Sasaki T, Yamagami J, Kudoh J, Ito H, Kamata A, Kurebayashi Y, Yoshida H, Yoshimura A, Sun HW, Suematsu M, O’Shea JJ, Kanno Y, Amagai M. Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase is a metabolic switch to constrain T cell-mediated inflammation in the skin. Sci Immunol 2021; 6:eabb6444. [PMID: 34623903 PMCID: PMC9780739 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abb6444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-27 (IL-27) is an immunoregulatory cytokine whose essential function is to limit immune responses. We found that the gene encoding cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (Ch25h) was induced in CD4+ T cells by IL-27, enhanced by transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β), and antagonized by T-bet. Ch25h catalyzes cholesterol to generate 25-hydroxycholesterol (25OHC), which was subsequently released to the cellular milieu, functioning as a modulator of T cell response. Extracellular 25OHC suppressed cholesterol biosynthesis in T cells, inhibited cell growth, and induced nutrient deprivation cell death without releasing high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). This growth inhibitory effect was specific to actively proliferating cells with high cholesterol demand and was reversed when extracellular cholesterol was replenished. Ch25h-expressing CD4+ T cells that received IL-27 and TGF-β signals became refractory to 25OHC-mediated growth inhibition in vitro. Nonetheless, IL-27–treated T cells negatively affected viability of bystander cells in a paracrine manner, but only if the bystander cells were in the early phases of activation. In mouse models of skin inflammation due to autoreactive T cells or chemically induced hypersensitivity, genetic deletion of Ch25h or Il27ra led to worse outcomes. Thus, Ch25h is an immunoregulatory metabolic switch induced by IL-27 and dampens excess bystander T effector expansion in tissues through its metabolite derivative, 25OHC. This study reveals regulation of cholesterol metabolism as a modality for controlling tissue inflammation and thus represents a mechanism underlying T cell immunoregulatory functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Takahashi
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hisashi Nomura
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hisato Iriki
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Akiko Kubo
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Koichi Isami
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yohei Mikami
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20892, USA
- Present address: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Miho Mukai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Sasaki
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Jun Yamagami
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Jun Kudoh
- Laboratory of Gene Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiromi Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Aki Kamata
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kurebayashi
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yoshida
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Immunoscience, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshimura
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hong-Wei Sun
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20892, USA
| | - Makoto Suematsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Jonh J. O’Shea
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20892, USA
| | - Yuka Kanno
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20892, USA
| | - Masayuki Amagai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Laboratory for Skin Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
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Lee J, Lundgren DK, Mao X, Manfredo-Vieira S, Nunez-Cruz S, Williams EF, Assenmacher CA, Radaelli E, Oh S, Wang B, Ellebrecht CT, Fraietta JA, Milone MC, Payne AS. Antigen-specific B cell depletion for precision therapy of mucosal pemphigus vulgaris. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:6317-6324. [PMID: 32817591 DOI: 10.1172/jci138416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Desmoglein 3 chimeric autoantibody receptor T cells (DSG3-CAART) expressing the pemphigus vulgaris (PV) autoantigen DSG3 fused to CD137-CD3ζ signaling domains, represent a precision cellular immunotherapy approach for antigen-specific B cell depletion. Here, we present definitive preclinical studies enabling a first-in-human trial of DSG3-CAART for mucosal PV. DSG3-CAART specifically lysed human anti-DSG3 B cells from PV patients and demonstrated activity consistent with a threshold dose in vivo, resulting in decreased target cell burden, decreased serum and tissue-bound autoantibodies, and increased DSG3-CAART engraftment. In a PV active immune model with physiologic anti-DSG3 IgG levels, DSG3-CAART inhibited antibody responses against pathogenic DSG3 epitopes and autoantibody binding to epithelial tissues, leading to clinical and histologic resolution of blisters. DSG3 autoantibodies stimulated DSG3-CAART IFN-γ secretion and homotypic clustering, consistent with an activated phenotype. Toxicology screens using primary human cells and high-throughput membrane proteome arrays did not identify off-target cytotoxic interactions. These preclinical data guided the trial design for DSG3-CAART and may help inform CAART preclinical development for other antibody-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Enrico Radaelli
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Iriki H, Mukai M, Ito H, Kurebayashi Y, Amagai M, Takahashi H. Imiquimod-induced dermatitis impairs thymic tolerance of autoreactive CD4 + T cells to desmoglein 3. J Dermatol Sci 2020; 100:166-174. [PMID: 33023784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The thymus plays an essential role in removing autoreactive T cells. Autoantigen-expressing thymic epithelial cells (TECs) contribute to the tolerogenic process. The thymus transiently shrinks as an acute thymic involution (ATI) under various inflammatory conditions. However, whether ATI occurs during local skin inflammation remains unclear, as does its influence on thymic immune tolerance. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether imiquimod-induced dermatitis causes ATI and impairs thymic immune tolerance against desmoglein 3 (Dsg3), an epidermal autoantigen of pemphigus vulgaris. METHODS 5% imiquimod cream was applied daily, at 62.5 mg/day (high dose group) or 31.25 mg/day (low dose group), for 1 week on the back of wild-type mice, and to wild-type mice that had undergone bone-marrow transplantation from Dsg3-specific T-cell receptor (TCR) transgenic-Rag2-/- mice. Next, thymocytes, TECs and other immune cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. TEC-associated Dsg3 expression was also analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS Thymus weight and thymocyte number in all developmental stages decreased in a dose-dependent manner under imiquimod-induced dermatitis. The number of total TECs, specifically medullary, but not cortical, TECs, decreased in high and low dose groups. Accordingly, the number of Dsg3-experssing UEA-1+keratin 5+mTEC decreased in the thymus during imiquimod-induced dermatitis. Although Dsg3-sepcific transgenic thymocytes was usually deleted in the thymus under physiological condition by central tolerance, Dsg3-sepcific transgenic CD4+CD8- thymocytes significantly increased in number under imiquimod-induced dermatitis. CONCLUSION These findings indicate a crosstalk between skin and thymus in adult mice and suggest that skin inflammation may impair thymic tolerance to autoantigens, such as Dsg3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisato Iriki
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miho Mukai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kurebayashi
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Amagai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Laboratory for Skin Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hayato Takahashi
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Xie D, Bilgic-Temel A, Abu Alrub N, Murrell DF. Alopecia in Autoimmune Blistering Diseases: A Systematic Review of Pathogenesis and Clinical Features of Disease. Skin Appendage Disord 2019; 5:263-275. [PMID: 31559249 DOI: 10.1159/000496836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autoimmune blistering diseases (AIBD) are characterised by the body's production of autoantibodies against structural proteins in the epidermis and/or the basement membrane on cutaneous and mucosal surfaces. Alopecia is a complication of AIBD that has generally been overlooked in patients with severe blistering diseases because it is regarded as a cosmetic issue. Yet recent research into quality of life tools has found that stigmatisation by appearance plays a significant role in blistering diseases. Aim To review the current literature detailing the pathogenesis and clinical presentations of alopecia in AIBD patients. Method We searched Medline, PubMed and EMBASE electronic databases up to September 2018, for empirical human and animal studies. Results Only 36 human studies including 223 patients (190 pemphigus, 25 pemphigoid, 5 epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, 2 dermatitis herpetiformis and 1 linear IgA disease) detailed demographic and clinical manifestations of alopecia. A range of hair evaluation methods was demonstrated to reach alopecia diagnosis. Furthermore, with no universal validated scoring system for alopecia severity, alopecia patterns have been summarised. Conclusion Previous randomised trials have not highlighted alopecia as an important outcome of AIBD, so epidemiological evaluation of the available literature has been helpful in summarising trends between existing studies and demonstrating inconsistencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danica Xie
- Department of Dermatology, St. George Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Asli Bilgic-Temel
- Department of Dermatology, St. George Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nada Abu Alrub
- Department of Dermatology, St. George Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dédée F Murrell
- Department of Dermatology, St. George Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Kitashima DY, Kobayashi T, Woodring T, Idouchi K, Doebel T, Voisin B, Adachi T, Ouchi T, Takahashi H, Nishifuji K, Kaplan DH, Clausen BE, Amagai M, Nagao K. Langerhans Cells Prevent Autoimmunity via Expansion of Keratinocyte Antigen-Specific Regulatory T Cells. EBioMedicine 2017; 27:293-303. [PMID: 29307572 PMCID: PMC5828466 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Langerhans cells (LCs) are antigen-presenting cells in the epidermis whose roles in antigen-specific immune regulation remain incompletely understood. Desmoglein 3 (Dsg3) is a keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion molecule critical for epidermal integrity and an autoantigen in the autoimmune blistering disease pemphigus. Although antibody-mediated disease mechanisms in pemphigus are extensively characterized, the T cell aspect of this autoimmune disease still remains poorly understood. Herein, we utilized a mouse model of CD4+ T cell-mediated autoimmunity against Dsg3 to show that acquisition of Dsg3 and subsequent presentation to T cells by LCs depended on the C-type lectin langerin. The lack of LCs led to enhanced autoimmunity with impaired Dsg3-specific regulatory T cell expansion. LCs expressed the IL-2 receptor complex and the disruption of IL-2 signaling in LCs attenuated LC-mediated regulatory T cell expansion in vitro, demonstrating that direct IL-2 signaling shapes LC function. These data establish that LCs mediate peripheral tolerance against an epidermal autoantigen and point to langerin and IL-2 signaling pathways as attractive targets for achieving tolerogenic responses particularly in autoimmune blistering diseases such as pemphigus. Langerhans cells take up a keratinocyte-expressed autoantigen, desmoglein 3, via langerin. Langerhans cells suppress autoimmunity by expanding regulatory T cells. IL-2 receptor signaling occurs in Langerhans cells, conditioning them to mediate peripheral tolerance.
Lymphocytes are critical for combating pathogens, but they can cause autoimmune diseases when misdirected against autoantigens. While past experimental models have provided detailed mechanisms utilizing neo-antigens, immune regulation against naturally-expressed autoantigen(s) remains largely unexplored. Herein, we studied immune responses against desmoglein 3, a bona fide autoantigen in pemphigus, and demonstrated that epidermal Langerhans cells (antigen-presenting cells) take up the autoantigen from surrounding keratinocytes via a C-type lectin receptor to induce regulatory T cells, which are critical for immune suppression. IL-2 signaling in Langerhans cells was required to preferentially expand regulatory T cells, providing new insights into mechanisms that regulate autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tetsuro Kobayashi
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Therese Woodring
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kacey Idouchi
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas Doebel
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Benjamin Voisin
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Takeya Adachi
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ouchi
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hayato Takahashi
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Nishifuji
- Division of Animal Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daniel H Kaplan
- Departments of Dermatology and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Björn E Clausen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Masayuki Amagai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nagao
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Abstract
Pemphigus is a group of IgG-mediated autoimmune diseases of stratified squamous epithelia, such as the skin and oral mucosa, in which acantholysis (the loss of cell adhesion) causes blisters and erosions. Pemphigus has three major subtypes: pemphigus vulgaris, pemphigus foliaceus and paraneoplastic pemphigus. IgG autoantibodies are characteristically raised against desmoglein 1 and desmoglein 3, which are cell-cell adhesion molecules found in desmosomes. The sites of blister formation can be physiologically explained by the anti-desmoglein autoantibody profile and tissue-specific expression pattern of desmoglein isoforms. The pathophysiological roles of T cells and B cells have been characterized in mouse models of pemphigus and patients, revealing insights into the mechanisms of autoimmunity. Diagnosis is based on clinical manifestations and confirmed with histological and immunochemical testing. The current first-line treatment is systemic corticosteroids and adjuvant therapies, including immunosuppressive agents, intravenous immunoglobulin and plasmapheresis. Rituximab, a monoclonal antibody against CD20+ B cells, is a promising therapeutic option that may soon become first-line therapy. Pemphigus is one of the best-characterized human autoimmune diseases and provides an ideal paradigm for both basic and clinical research, especially towards the development of antigen-specific immune suppression treatments for autoimmune diseases.
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Culton DA, McCray SK, Park M, Roberts JC, Li N, Zedek DC, Anhalt GJ, Cowley DO, Liu Z, Diaz LA. Mucosal pemphigus vulgaris anti-Dsg3 IgG is pathogenic to the oral mucosa of humanized Dsg3 mice. J Invest Dermatol 2015; 135:1590-1597. [PMID: 25695683 PMCID: PMC4430403 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
There are two major clinical subsets of pemphigus vulgaris (PV), mucosal PV (mPV) and mucocutaneous PV (mcPV). The mPV subset exhibits anti-human desmoglein (Dsg) 3 autoantibodies that fail to recognize murine Dsg3; thus, passive transfer experiments of mPV IgG into WT mice have been unsuccessful at inducing disease. We therefore generated a fully humanized Dsg3 (hDSG3) murine model utilizing a human Dsg3 transgenic animal crossed to the murine Dsg3 knockout line. Expression of hDsg3 in the mucosa rescues the murine Dsg3 knockout phenotype. Well characterized mPV sera bind mucosal epithelia from the hDsg3 mice, but not mucosal tissues from WT mice by as detected by indirect immunofluorescence. The majority of mPV sera preferentially recognize hDsg3 compared to mDsg3 by immunoprecipitation as well. Passive transfer of mPV IgG into adult hDsg3 mice, but not WT mice, induces suprabasilar acantholysis in mucosal tissues, thus confirming pathogenicity of mPV anti-hDsg3 IgG in vivo. Human anti-hDsg3 antibodies are detected in perilesional mucosa as well as in sera of recipient mice by immunofluorescence. These findings suggest that the Dsg3 epitopes targeted by pathogenic mPV IgG are human specific. This hDsg3 mouse model will be invaluable in studying the clinical transition from mPV to mcPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna A Culton
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Suzanne K McCray
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Moonhee Park
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - James C Roberts
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Daniel C Zedek
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Department of Pathology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Grant J Anhalt
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dale O Cowley
- Animal Models Core Facility, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; TransViragen, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Zhi Liu
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Luis A Diaz
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Waschke J, Spindler V. Desmosomes and Extradesmosomal Adhesive Signaling Contacts in Pemphigus. Med Res Rev 2014; 34:1127-45. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Waschke
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department I; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich; Pettenkoferstrasse 11 D-80336 Munich Germany
| | - Volker Spindler
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department I; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich; Pettenkoferstrasse 11 D-80336 Munich Germany
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Hata T, Nishimoto S, Nagao K, Takahashi H, Yoshida K, Ohyama M, Yamada T, Asano K, Amagai M. Ectopic Expression of Epidermal Antigens Renders the Lung a Target Organ in Paraneoplastic Pemphigus. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 191:83-90. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1203536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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MICHENKO AV, ZNAMENSKAYA LF, LVOV AN, VOLKOV IA, FRIGO NV, VOLNUKHIN VA. Pemphigus pathogenesis: problems and prospects. VESTNIK DERMATOLOGII I VENEROLOGII 2012. [DOI: 10.25208/vdv682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Provides the survey of most prospective trends of research of the pathogenesis of the true acantholytic pemphigus. Cites key results of studies of factors of genetic predisposition to the development of this bullous dermatosis. Highlights problems of studies of the role of antiself antibodies and self-antigens in pemphigus pathogenesis. Represents the apoptolyse theory, explaining mechanisms of the loss of link between keratinocytes. Discusses issues of the cellular regulation of autoimmune reactions at acantholytic pemphigus.
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12
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Takahashi H, Kouno M, Nagao K, Wada N, Hata T, Nishimoto S, Iwakura Y, Yoshimura A, Yamada T, Kuwana M, Fujii H, Koyasu S, Amagai M. Desmoglein 3-specific CD4+ T cells induce pemphigus vulgaris and interface dermatitis in mice. J Clin Invest 2011; 121:3677-88. [PMID: 21821914 DOI: 10.1172/jci57379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a severe autoimmune disease involving blistering of the skin and mucous membranes. It is caused by autoantibodies against desmoglein 3 (Dsg3), an adhesion molecule critical for maintaining epithelial integrity in the skin, oral mucosa, and esophagus. Knowing the antigen targeted by the autoantibodies renders PV a valuable model of autoimmunity. Recently, a role for Dsg3-specific CD4+ T helper cells in autoantibody production was demonstrated in a mouse model of PV, but whether these cells exert cytotoxicity in the tissues is unclear. Here, we analyzed 3 Dsg3-specific TCRs using transgenic mice and retrovirus induction. Dsg3-specific transgenic (Dsg3H1) T cells underwent deletion in the presence of Dsg3 in vivo. Dsg3H1 T cells that developed in the absence of Dsg3 elicited a severe pemphigus-like phenotype when cotransferred into immunodeficient mice with B cells from Dsg3-/- mice. Strikingly, in addition to humoral responses, T cell infiltration of Dsg3-expressing tissues led to interface dermatitis, a distinct form of T cell-mediated autoimmunity that causes keratinocyte apoptosis and is seen in various inflammatory/autoimmune skin diseases, including paraneoplastic pemphigus. The use of retrovirally generated Dsg3-specific T cells revealed that interface dermatitis occurred in an IFN-γ- and TCR avidity-dependent manner. This model of autoimmunity demonstrates that T cells specific for a physiological skin-associated autoantigen are capable of inducing interface dermatitis and should provide a valuable tool for further exploring the immunopathophysiology of T cell-mediated skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Takahashi
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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