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Escobar LM, Grajales M, Bendahan Z, Jaimes S, Baldión P. Osteoblastic differentiation and changes in the redox state in pulp stem cells by laser treatment. Lasers Med Sci 2024; 39:87. [PMID: 38443654 PMCID: PMC10914891 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04016-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on cell proliferation, mitochondrial membrane potential changes (∆Ψm), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and osteoblast differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). These cells were irradiated with 660- and 940-nm lasers for 5 s, 50 s, and 180 s. Cell proliferation was assessed using the resazurin assay, cell differentiation by RUNX2 and BMP2 expression, and the presence of calcification nodules using alizarin-red S staining. ROS was determined by the dichlorofluorescein-diacetate technique and changes in ∆Ψm by the tetramethylrhodamine-ester assay. Data were analyzed by a Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. The 940-nm wavelength for 5 and 50 s increased proliferation at 4 days postirradiation. After 8 days, a significant decrease in proliferation was observed in all groups. Calcification nodules were evident in all groups, with a greater staining intensity in cells treated with a 940-nm laser for 50 s, an effect that correlated with increased RUNX2 and BMP2 expression. ROS production and Δψm increased independently of irradiation time. In conclusion, photobiomodulation (PBM) with LLLT induced morphological changes and reduced cell proliferation rate, which was associated with osteoblastic differentiation and increased ROS and Δψm, independent of wavelength and time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina M Escobar
- Grupo de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas en Odontología, IBAPO Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 30 No. 45-03, Bloque 210, 111321, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Marggie Grajales
- Departamento de Salud Oral, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Zita Bendahan
- Unidad de Manejo Integral de Malformaciones Craneofaciales UMIMC, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sully Jaimes
- Grupo de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas en Odontología, IBAPO Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 30 No. 45-03, Bloque 210, 111321, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Paula Baldión
- Departamento de Salud Oral, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
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Xu B, Cui Y, A L, Zhang H, Ma Q, Wei F, Liang J. Transcriptomic and proteomic strategies to reveal the mechanism of Gymnocypris przewalskii scale development. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:140. [PMID: 38310220 PMCID: PMC10837935 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fish scales are typical products of biomineralization and play an important role in the adaptation of fish to their environment. The Gymnocypris przewalskii scales are highly specialized, with scales embedded in only specific parts of the dermis, such as the areas around the anal fin and branchiostegite, making G. przewalskii an ideal material for biomineralization research. In this study, we aimed to unveil genes and pathways controlling scale formation through an integrated analysis of both transcriptome and proteome, of which G. przewalskii tissues of the dorsal skin (no scales) and the rump side skin (with scales) were sequenced. The sequencing results were further combined with cellular experiments to clarify the relationship between genes and signaling pathways. RESULTS The results indicated the following: (1) a total of 4,904 differentially expressed genes were screened out, including 3,294 upregulated genes and 1,610 downregulated genes (with a filtering threshold of |log2Fold-Change|> 1 and p-adjust < 0.05). The identified differentially expressed genes contained family members such as FGF, EDAR, Wnt10, and bmp. (2) A total of 535 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were filtered out from the proteome, with 204 DEPs downregulated and 331 DEPs upregulated (with a filtering threshold of |Fold-Change|> 1.5 and p < 0.05). (3) Integrated analyses of transcriptome and proteome revealed that emefp1, col1a1, col6a2, col16a1, krt8, and krt18 were important genes contributing to scale development and that PI3K-AKT was the most important signaling pathway involved. (4) With the use of the constructed G. przewalskii fibroblast cell line, emefp1, col1a1, col6a2, col16a1, krt8, and krt18 were confirmed to be positively regulated by the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. CONCLUSION This study provides experimental evidence for PI3K-AKT controlled scale development in G. przewalskii and would benefit further study on stress adaptation, scale biomineralization, and the development of skin appendages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoke Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, People's Republic of China
- School of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanrong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, People's Republic of China
- School of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, People's Republic of China
| | - Linlin A
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, People's Republic of China
- School of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, People's Republic of China
| | - Haichen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, People's Republic of China
- School of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, People's Republic of China
- School of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, People's Republic of China
| | - Fulei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, People's Republic of China
- School of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, People's Republic of China.
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