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Zhang X, Li X, Yu P, Yu Y, Fan X, Zhang J, Yu Y, Zheng H, Sun Y. Photocatalytic O 2 activation by metal-free carbon nitride nanotube for rapid reactive species generation and organic contaminants degradation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 456:131715. [PMID: 37245367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) using oxygen (O2) as an oxidant represent a low-cost and sustainable wastewater treatment process. Herein, a metal-free nanotubular carbon nitride photocatalyst (CN NT) was prepared to activate O2 to degrade organic contaminants. The nanotube structure allowed for sufficient O2 adsorption, while the optical and photoelectrochemical properties enabled photogenerated charge to be efficiently transferred to the adsorbed O2 to trigger the activation process. The developed CN NT/Vis-O2 system based on O2 aeration degraded various organic contaminants and mineralized 40.7% of chloroquine phosphate within 100 min. In addition, the toxicity and environmental risk of treated contaminants were reduced. Mechanistic studies suggested that the enhanced O2 adsorption capacity and fast charge transfer behavior on CN NT surface led to reactive·O2-, 1O2 and h+ generation, each of which played a distinct role in contaminants degradation. Importantly, the proposed process could overcome the interference from water matrices and outdoor sunlight, and the energy and chemical reagent savings reduced the operating cost to about 1.63 US$·m-3. Altogether, this work provides insights into the potential application of metal-free photocatalysts and green O2 activation for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China.
| | - Xi Li
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Peng Yu
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China
| | - Xiulei Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China
| | - Jiankun Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Yongjun Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
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