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Zhang J, Huang L, Fang T, Du F, Xiang Z, Zhang J, Chen R, Peljo P, Ouyang G, Deng H. Discrete Events of Ionosomes at the Water/Toluene Micro‐Interface. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyan Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen University Chemical Engineering and Technology CHINA
| | - Linhan Huang
- Sun Yat-Sen University Chemical Engineering and Technology CHINA
| | - Taoxiong Fang
- Sun Yat-Sen University School of Chemical Engineering and Technology CHINA
| | - Feng Du
- Sun Yat-Sen University Chemical Engineering and Technology CHINA
| | - Zhipeng Xiang
- South China University of Technology Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Jingcheng Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen University Chemical Engineering and Technology CHINA
| | - Ran Chen
- Southeast University Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Pekka Peljo
- University of Turku: Turun Yliopisto Mechanical and Materials Engineering FINLAND
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- Sun Yat-Sen University Chemical Engineering and Technology CHINA
| | - Haiqiang Deng
- Sun Yat-Sen University School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Room 203, No. 7 Building, Haibin Honglou Road 519082 Zhuhai CHINA
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Huang L, Zhang J, Xiang Z, Wu D, Huang X, Huang X, Liang Z, Tang ZY, Deng H. Faradaic Counter for Liposomes Loaded with Potassium, Sodium Ions, or Protonated Dopamine. Anal Chem 2021; 93:9495-9504. [PMID: 34196181 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Collisional electrochemistry between single particles and a biomimetic polarized micro-liquid/liquid interface has emerged as a novel and powerful analytical method for measurements of single particles. Using this platform, rapid detection of liposomes at the single particle level is reported herein. Individual potassium, sodium, or protonated dopamine-encapsulated (pristine or protein-decorated) liposomes collide and fuse with the polarized micro-liquid/liquid interface accompanying the release of ions, which are recorded as spike-like current transients of stochastic nature. The sizing and concentration of the liposomes can be readily estimated by quantifying the amount of encapsulated ions in individual liposomes via integrating each current spike versus time and the spike frequency, respectively. We call this type of nanosensing technology "Faradaic counter". The estimated liposome size distribution by this method is in line with the dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements, implying that the quantized current spikes are indeed caused by the collisions of individual liposomes. The reported electrochemical sensing technology may become a viable alternative to DLS and other commercial nanoparticle analysis systems, for example, nanoparticle tracking analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhan Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Jingcheng Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Zhipeng Xiang
- Key Laboratory on Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Di Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Xinjian Huang
- Institute of Intelligent Perception, Midea Corporate Research Center, Foshan 528311, China
| | - Xizhe Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Zhenxing Liang
- Key Laboratory on Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Haiqiang Deng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
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Gu C, Nie X, Zhang X, Dong Y, Zhang X, Gu Y, Shao Y. Influence of supporting electrolytes on the electron transfer and ion transfer coupling processes at a liquid/liquid interface. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Arrigan DWM, Liu Y. Electroanalytical Ventures at Nanoscale Interfaces Between Immiscible Liquids. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2016; 9:145-161. [PMID: 27049634 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-071015-041415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Ion transfer at the interface between immiscible electrolyte solutions offers many benefits to analytical chemistry, including the ability to detect nonredox active ionized analytes, to detect ions whose redox electrochemistry is accompanied by complications, and to separate ions based on electrocontrolled partition. Nanoscale miniaturization of such interfaces brings the benefits of enhanced mass transport, which in turn leads to improved analytical performance in areas such as sensitivity and limits of detection. This review discusses the development of such nanoscale interfaces between immiscible liquids and examines the analytical advances that have been made to date, including prospects for trace detection of ion concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien W M Arrigan
- Nanochemistry Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia;
| | - Yang Liu
- Nanochemistry Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia;
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Li B, Qiao Y, Gu J, Zhu X, Yin X, Li Q, Zhu Z, Li M, Jing P, Shao Y. Electrochemical behaviors of protonated diamines at the micro-water/1,2-dichloroethane interface. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
Here we review the recent applications of ion transfer (IT) at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES) for electrochemical sensing and imaging. In particular, we focus on the development and recent applications of the nanopipet-supported ITIES and double-polymer-modified electrode, which enable the dynamic electrochemical measurements of IT at nanoscopic and macroscopic ITIES, respectively. High-quality IT voltammograms are obtainable using either technique to quantitatively assess the kinetics and dynamic mechanism of IT at the ITIES. Nanopipet-supported ITIES serves as an amperometric tip for scanning electrochemical microscopy to allow for unprecedentedly high-resolution electrochemical imaging. Voltammetric ion sensing at double-polymer-modified electrodes offers high sensitivity and unique multiple-ion selectivity. The promising future applications of these dynamic approaches for bioanalysis and electrochemical imaging are also discussed.
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Abstract
The main aspects related to the charge transfer reactions occurring at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES) are described. The particular topics to be discussed involve simple ion transfer. Focus is given on theoretical approaches, numerical simulations, and experimental methodologies. Concerning the theoretical procedures, different computational simulations related to simple ion transfer are reviewed. The main conclusions drawn from the most accepted models are described and analyzed in regard to their relevance for explaining different aspects of ion transfer. We describe numerical simulations implementing different approaches for solving the differential equations associated with the mass transport and charge transfer. These numerical simulations are correlated with selected experimental results; their usefulness in designing new experiments is summarized. Finally, many practical applications can be envisaged regarding the determination of physicochemical properties, electroanalysis, drug lipophilicity, and phase-transfer catalysis.
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Stockmann TJ, Olaya AJ, Méndez MA, Girault HH, Ding Z. Evaluation of Gibbs Energy of Dioxouranium Transfer at an Electrified Liquid|Liquid Interface Supported on a Microhole. ELECTROANAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201100401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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A digital simulation study of steady-state voltammograms for the ion transfer across the liquid–liquid interface formed at the orifice of a micropipette. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2008.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Bak E, Donten M, Stojek Z. Three-phase electrochemistry with cylindrical microelectrode crossing vertically the boundary of two immiscible liquids. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2006.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bak E, Donten M, Skompska M, Stojek Z. Electrodeposition of Poly(N-vinylcarbazole) at the Three-Phase Junction. Formation of Very Different Polymer Structures. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:24635-41. [PMID: 17134225 DOI: 10.1021/jp063935w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Poly(N-vinylcarbazole) films can be deposited at the three-phase boundary when the organic phase contains only monomer, N-vinylcarbazole, while the aqueous phase contains supporting electrolyte. A cylindrical platinum microelectrode is immersed into the two-liquid system in such a way that a part of it is located in one liquid and the other part resides in the second liquid. The thickness of the reaction layer, or the width of the microelectrode zone where the polymer grows, depends on the kind of ions present in the aqueous phase and the time of the experiment. The structure of the deposited polymer may be very different and depends on the distance from the three-phase boundary and the type of the anion present in the aqueous phase. The key parameters here are the local electrode potential and the local concentration of the anions. The list of obtained polymer structures includes, among others, arrays of perfectly arranged deep oval channels and groups of microcrystals. The porosity of the polymer deposits increases with the distance from the aqueous phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Bak
- Department of Chemistry, Warsaw University, ul. Pasteura 1, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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Laforge FO, Sun P, Mirkin MV. Shuttling Mechanism of Ion Transfer at the Interface between Two Immiscible Liquids. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:15019-25. [PMID: 17105314 DOI: 10.1021/ja0656090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The transfers of hydrophilic ions between aqueous and organic phases are ubiquitous in biological and technological systems. These energetically unfavorable processes can be facilitated either by small molecules (ionophores) or by ion-transport proteins. In absence of a facilitating agent, ion-transfer reactions are assumed to be "simple", one-step processes. Our experiments at the nanometer-sized interfaces between water and neat organic solvents showed that the generally accepted one-step mechanism cannot explain important features of transfer processes for a wide class of ions including metal cations, protons, and hydrophilic anions. The proposed new mechanism of ion transfer involves transient interfacial ion paring and shuttling of a hydrophilic ion across the mixed-solvent layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- François O Laforge
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College-CUNY, Flushing, NY 11367, USA
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Jing P, Zhang M, Hu H, Xu X, Liang Z, Li B, Shen L, Xie S, Pereira CM, Shao Y. Ion-Transfer Reactions at the Nanoscopic Water/n-Octanol Interface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:6861-4. [PMID: 17001734 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200601826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Jing
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Jing P, Zhang M, Hu H, Xu X, Liang Z, Li B, Shen L, Xie S, Pereira CM, Shao Y. Ion-Transfer Reactions at the Nanoscopic Water/n-Octanol Interface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200601826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Hu H, Xie S, Meng X, Jing P, Zhang M, Shen L, Zhu Z, Li M, Zhuang Q, Shao Y. Fabrication and Characterization of Submicrometer- and Nanometer-Sized Double-Barrel Pipets. Anal Chem 2006; 78:7034-9. [PMID: 17007531 DOI: 10.1021/ac060773r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Submicro- and nanometer-sized glass double-barrel pipets have been fabricated by a laser puller with new pulling programs and have been used to support submicro- and nanometer dual liquid/liquid interfaces. The smallest pipet that can be made by this approach is approximately 20 nm in radius. These pipets have been characterized by cyclic voltammetry and scanning electron microscopy. Generation/collection mode of charge-transfer reaction is demonstrated at the submicro- and nanometer dual-liquid/liquid interfaces. The dependence of collection efficiency upon geometric parameters of the pipets has been discussed. Among the micro-, submicro-, and nanopipets, we have found that the submicro-double-barrel pipets have higher collection efficiencies than that of others and are also very close to the values predicted by the theory. Therefore, in terms of G/C mode applications, the optimal size of double-barrel pipets should be in submicrometer scale. As one of the examples of special application, we have also demonstrated that in the case of no supporting electrolyte, only the nanometer double-barrel pipets can provide reasonably good G/C results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Nowicka A, Donten M, Palys M, Van den Bossche B, Stojek Z. Voltammetric Studies of Parallel Electrode Processes Under Low Ionic Strength Conditions. Influence of Convection. ELECTROANAL 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200503452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Tsujioka N, Imakura S, Nishi N, Kakiuchi T. Voltammetry of Ion Transfer across the Electrochemically Polarized Micro Liquid-Liquid Interface between Water and a Room-temperature Ionic Liquid, Tetrahexylammonium Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, Using a Glass Capillary Micropipette. ANAL SCI 2006; 22:667-71. [PMID: 16770042 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.22.667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Ion transfer across the polarized interface between a room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) or room-temperature molten salt, tetrahexylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (THAC(1)C(1)N), and water has been studied voltammetrically using a micro liquid-liquid interface formed at the orifice of a glass capillary micropipette. A small current of nanoampere level circumvents the problem of the iR drop in the viscous ionic liquid phase. Voltammograms for the transfer of moderately hydrophilic ions, such as BF(4)(-) and ClO(4)(-), from the aqueous phase in the capillary to the bulk of THAC(1)C(1)N in which the capillary is submerged, show steady-state characteristics in that the current does not depend on the scan rate up to a few hundred millivolt per second, and the plateau in the limiting current region is proportional to the bulk concentration of analyte ions. Owing to the steady-state current, which is presumably ascribed to a noncylindrical geometry of the capillary tip, the relative magnitude of the hydrophobicity, or the affnity to the RTIL, of a series of ions can be determined from the half-wave potentials of voltammograms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiro Tsujioka
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Japan
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