1
|
Mari E, Duraisamy M, Eswaran M, Sellappan S, Won K, Chandra P, Tsai PC, Huang PC, Chen YH, Lin YC, Ponnusamy VK. Highly electrochemically active Ti 3C 2Tx MXene/MWCNT nanocomposite for the simultaneous sensing of paracetamol, theophylline, and caffeine in human blood samples. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:212. [PMID: 38509344 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06273-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The facile fabrication is reported of highly electrochemically active Ti3C2Tx MXene/MWCNT (3D/1D)-modified screen-printed carbon electrode (SPE) for the efficient simultaneous electrochemical detection of paracetamol, theophylline, and caffeine in human blood samples. 3D/1D Ti3C2Tx MXene/MWCNT nanocomposite was synthesized using microwave irradiation and ultrasonication processes. Then, the Ti3C2Tx/MWCNT-modified SPE electrode was fabricated and thoroughly characterized towards its physicochemical and electrochemical properties using XPS, TEM, FESEM, XRD, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and differential pulse voltammetry techniques. As-constructed Ti3C2Tx-MWCNT/SPE offers excellent electrochemical sensing performance with good detection limits (0.23, 0.57, and 0.43 µM) and wide linear ranges (1.0 ~ 90.1, 2.0 ~ 62.0, and 2.0-90.9 µM) for paracetamol, caffeine, and theophylline, respectively, in the human samples. Notably, the non-enzymatic electroactive nanocomposite-modified electrode has depicted a semicircle Nyquist plot with low charge transfer resistance (Rct∼95 Ω), leading to high ionic diffusion and facilitating an excellent electron transfer path. All the above results in efficient stability, reproducibility, repeatability, and sensitivity compared with other reported works, and thus, it claims its practical utilization in realistic clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elancheziyan Mari
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-Ro 1-Gil, Jung-Gu, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), No. 100, Shiquan 1St Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan
| | - Murugesan Duraisamy
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Puiau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Muthusankar Eswaran
- School of Electronics and Automation (SoE), Kerala University of Digital Sciences, Innovation and Technology (Digital University Kerala), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Senthilkumar Sellappan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore City, India
| | - Keehoon Won
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-Ro 1-Gil, Jung-Gu, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Pranjal Chandra
- Laboratory of Bio-Physio Sensors and Nanobioengineering, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- Department of Computational Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical Univiersity, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chin Huang
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), No. 100, Shiquan 1St Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital (CMUH), China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsun Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chung Lin
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University (NSYSU), Kaohsiung City, 804, Taiwan
| | - Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), No. 100, Shiquan 1St Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital (KMUH), Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University (NSYSU), Kaohsiung City, 804, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital (CMUH), China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical Univiersity, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Karakaya S, Dilgin Y. The application of multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified pencil graphite electrode for voltammetric determination of favipiravir used in COVID-19 treatment. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2023; 154:1-11. [PMID: 37361695 PMCID: PMC10249926 DOI: 10.1007/s00706-023-03082-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the first application of an improved procedure on a pencil graphite electrode decorated with functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs/PGE) for the determination of the COVID-19 antiviral drug, favipiravir (FVP). The electrochemical behavior of FVP at f-MWCNTs/PGE was examined by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) methods, and it was noted that the voltammetric response significantly increased with the modification of f -MWCNTs to the surface. The linear range and limit of detection from DPV studies were determined as 1-1500 µM and 0.27 µM, respectively. In addition, the selectivity of the method was tested toward potential interferences, which can be present in pharmaceutical and biological samples, and it was found that f-MWCNTs/PGE showed high selectivity for the determination of FVP in the presence of probable interferences. The results with high accuracies and precisions from the obtained feasibility studies also revealed that the designed procedure can be used for accurate and selective voltammetric determination of FVP in real samples. Graphical abstract
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Karakaya
- Chemistry Department of Science Faculty, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Dilgin
- Chemistry Department of Science Faculty, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gañán J, Martínez-García G, Morante-Zarcero S, Pérez-Quintanilla D, Sierra I. Nanomaterials-modified electrochemical sensors for sensitive determination of alkaloids: Recent trends in the application to biological, pharmaceutical and agri-food samples. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
4
|
Debalke A, Kassa A, Asmellash T, Beyene Y, Amare M, Tigineh GT, Abebe A. Synthesis of a novel diaquabis(1,10-phenanthroline)copper(II)chloride complex and its voltammetric application for detection of amoxicillin in pharmaceutical and biological samples. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11199. [PMID: 36339986 PMCID: PMC9626942 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A one step facile synthesis of the novel diaquabis(1,10-phenanthroline)copper(II)chloride (A2P2CuC) complex is demonstrated. Cyclic voltammetric and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic results revealed potentiodynamic deposition of a conductive electroactive poly(A2P2CuC) film on the glassy carbon electrode surface increasing its effective surface area. In contrast to the unmodified glassy carbon electrode, appearance of an oxidative peak at a reduced potential with over two fold current for amoxicillin at poly(A2P2CuC)/GCE demonstrated its electrocatalytic property attributed to reduce charge transfer resistance and the improved surface area of the electrode surface. Better correlation of the oxidative peak current with square root of scan rate (R2 = 0.99779) than with scan rate (R2 = 0.96953) supplemented by slope of 0.58 for log(current) versus log(scan rate) confirmed diffusion controlled irreversible oxidation of amoxicillin. At optimized solution and SWV parameters, current response of poly(A2P2CuC)/GCE showed linear dependence on concentration of amoxicillin (2.0–100.0 μM) with LoD 0.0115 μM. While no amoxicillin was detected in the human blood serum sample, an amount 89.40–100.55% of the nominal level was detected in the analyzed eight tablet brands. Spike recovery in tablet samples (98.90–101.95%) and blood serum sample (102.20–101.37%); interference with an error (%RSD) of 0.00–4.51% in tablet and 0.00–2.10% in serum samples; excellent stability and reproducible results, added with the wide dynamic range and low LoD validated the method for amoxicillin determination in pharmaceutical formulations and human urine samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ameha Debalke
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia
| | - Adane Kassa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Debre Markos University, Ethiopia
- Corresponding author.
| | | | - Yonas Beyene
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia
| | - Meareg Amare
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia
| | | | - Atakilt Abebe
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gashu M, Kassa A, Tefera M, Amare M, Aragaw BA. Sensitive and selective electrochemical determination of doxycycline in pharmaceutical formulations using poly(dipicrylamine) modified glassy carbon electrode. SENSING AND BIO-SENSING RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2022.100507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
|
6
|
Patil VB, Malode SJ, Mangasuli SN, Tuwar SM, Mondal K, Shetti NP. An Electrochemical Electrode to Detect Theophylline Based on Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Composited with Graphene Oxide. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13081166. [PMID: 35893164 PMCID: PMC9394302 DOI: 10.3390/mi13081166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical analysis of theophylline (THP) was investigated by fabricating a carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with graphene oxide (GO) along with copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (CuO-GO/CPE). The impact of electro-kinetic parameters such as the heterogeneous rate constant, the scan rate, the accumulation time, the pH, the transfer coefficient, and the number of electrons and protons transferred into the electro-oxidation mechanism of THP has been studied utilizing electrochemical methods such as cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The differential pulse voltammetry technique was employed to investigate THP in pharmaceutical and biological samples, confirming the limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of the THP. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis were performed to characterize the CuO nanoparticles. The CuO-GO/CPE was more sensitive in THP detection because its electrocatalytic characteristics displayed an enhanced peak current in the 0.2 M supporting electrolyte of pH 6.0, proving the excellent sensing functioning of the modified electrode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinoda B. Patil
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak Science College, Dharwad 580001, Karnataka, India; (V.B.P.); (S.N.M.)
| | - Shweta J. Malode
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Vidyanagar, Hubballi 580031, Karnataka, India;
| | - Sumitra N. Mangasuli
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak Science College, Dharwad 580001, Karnataka, India; (V.B.P.); (S.N.M.)
| | - Suresh M. Tuwar
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak Science College, Dharwad 580001, Karnataka, India; (V.B.P.); (S.N.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.T.); (K.M.); (N.P.S.)
| | - Kunal Mondal
- Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA
- Correspondence: (S.M.T.); (K.M.); (N.P.S.)
| | - Nagaraj P. Shetti
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Vidyanagar, Hubballi 580031, Karnataka, India;
- Correspondence: (S.M.T.); (K.M.); (N.P.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
EDTA salt modified carbon paste electrode for square wave voltammetric determination of theophylline in pharmaceutical tablet formulation. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0255700. [PMID: 35687564 PMCID: PMC9187066 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a square wave voltammetric method for determination of theophylline in tablet formulation based on EDTA salt modified carbon paste electrode is presented. CV, FT-IR, and EIS results confirmed modification of the carbon paste with EDTA salt. In contrast to the unmodified carbon paste electrode, the modified carbon paste electrode showed irreversible oxidation of theophylline with considerable current enhancement. Investigation of the effect of scan rate on the Ip and Ep response of the modified electrode for theophylline revealed predominantly diffusion controlled oxidation kinetics. Under the optimized conditions, square wave oxidative peak current of theophylline in pH 7.0 PBS showed linear dependence on concentration in the range 10–200 μM with determination coefficient (R2), limit of detection, and limit of quantification of 0.99782, 0.0257 μM, and 0.0857 μM, respectively. Detection of an amount of theophylline in the analyzed tablet formulation with 1.85% error from its nominal content (120 mg/tablet) confirmed the accuracy of the developed method. Spike and interference recovery results of 98.59%, and 95.7–100%, respectively validated the applicability of the developed method for determination of theophylline content in tablet samples.
Collapse
|
8
|
Nano optical and electrochemical sensors and biosensors for detection of narrow therapeutic index drugs. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:411. [PMID: 34741213 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-05003-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, a comprehensive review is presented on the quantitative determination of narrow therapeutic index drugs (NTIDs) by nano optical and electrochemical sensors and biosensors. NTIDs have a narrow index between their effective doses and those at which they produce adverse toxic effects. Therefore, accurate determination of these drugs is very important for clinicians to provide a clear judgment about drug therapy for patients. Routine analytical techniques have limitations such as being expensive, laborious, and time-consuming, and need a skilled user and therefore the nano/(bio)sensing technology leads to high interest.
Collapse
|
9
|
Crapnell RD, Banks CE. Electroanalytical overview: The electroanalytical detection of theophylline. TALANTA OPEN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2021.100037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
|
10
|
Synthesis, characterization, and electropolymerization of a novel Cu(II) complex based on 1,10-phenanthroline for electrochemical determination of amoxicillin in pharmaceutical tablet formulations. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
11
|
|
12
|
Kassa A, Amare M. Poly(4-amino-3-hydroxynaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid) modified glassy carbon electrode for square wave voltammetric determination of amoxicillin in four tablet brands. BMC Chem 2021; 15:10. [PMID: 33557918 PMCID: PMC7871396 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-021-00739-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amoxicillin (AMX), which is one of the β-lactam antibiotics used in the treatment of bacterial infections, is known to have a serious mechanism of resistance necessitating continuous monitoring of its level in pharmaceutical and serum samples. RESULTS In this study, we presented selective, accurate, and precise square wave voltammetric method based on poly(4-amino-3-hydroxynaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid) modified glassy carbon electrode (poly(AHNSA/GCE)) for determination of amoxicillin in four selected tablet brands. Appearance of a peak in the oxidative scan direction without a peak in the reductive direction of cyclic voltammograms of both bare GCE and poly(AHNSA/GCE) with four folds current and much reduced potential on the modified electrode showed catalytic property of the modifier towards oxidation of AMX. While cyclic voltammetric studies of effect of scan rate showed predominantly diffusion controlled oxidation of AMX with one electron participation, effect of pH revealed participation of protons and electrons in a 1:1 ratio. The square wave voltammetric peak current response of the modified electrode for AMX showed linear dependence on the concentration of the spiked standard AMX in the range 10-150 µmol L-1 with 9.9 nmol L-1 LOD. The AMX content of the studied tablet brands were found in the range 97.84-100.78% of the labeled value. Spike recovery results of 99.6-100.5%, and interference recovery results of 95.4-100.8% AMX in the presence of 50-200% of ampicillin and cloxicillin validated the applicability of the method for determination of amoxicillin in tablet formulation. CONCLUSION In contrast to the previously reported works on determination of amoxicillin, the present method showed an excellent performance making it a potential method for determination of amoxicillin in real samples including serum samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adane Kassa
- Debremarkos University, Debremarkos, Ethiopia
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Anastasiadi RM, Berti F, Colomban S, Tavagnacco C, Navarini L, Resmini M. Simultaneous Quantification of Antioxidants Paraxanthine and Caffeine in Human Saliva by Electrochemical Sensing for CYP1A2 Phenotyping. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 10:antiox10010010. [PMID: 33374269 PMCID: PMC7823619 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The enzyme CYP1A2 is responsible for the metabolism of numerous antioxidants in the body, including caffeine, which is transformed into paraxanthine, its main primary metabolite. Both molecules are known for their antioxidant and pro-oxidant characteristics, and the paraxanthine-to-caffeine molar ratio is a widely accepted metric for CYP1A2 phenotyping, to optimize dose–response effects in individual patients. We developed a simple, cheap and fast electrochemical based method for the simultaneous quantification of paraxanthine and caffeine in human saliva, by differential pulse voltammetry, using an anodically pretreated glassy carbon electrode. Cyclic voltammetry experiments revealed for the first time that the oxidation of paraxanthine is diffusion controlled with an irreversible peak at ca. +1.24 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) in a 0.1 M H2SO4 solution, and that the mechanism occurs via the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The simultaneous quantification of paraxanthine and caffeine was demonstrated in 0.1 M H2SO4 and spiked human saliva samples. In the latter case, limits of detection of 2.89 μM for paraxanthine and 5.80 μM for caffeine were obtained, respectively. The sensor is reliable, providing a relative standard deviation within 7% (n = 6). Potential applicability of the sensing platform was demonstrated by running a small scale trial on five healthy volunteers, with simultaneous quantification by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) of paraxanthine and caffeine in saliva samples collected at 1, 3 and 6 h postdose administration. The results were validated by ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography and shown to have a high correlation factor (r = 0.994).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rozalia-Maria Anastasiadi
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
- Correspondence: (R.-M.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Federico Berti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (F.B.); (C.T.)
| | - Silvia Colomban
- Aromalab, illycaffè S.p.A., Area Science Park, Localita’ Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (S.C.); (L.N.)
| | - Claudio Tavagnacco
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (F.B.); (C.T.)
| | - Luciano Navarini
- Aromalab, illycaffè S.p.A., Area Science Park, Localita’ Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (S.C.); (L.N.)
| | - Marina Resmini
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
- Correspondence: (R.-M.A.); (M.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hassanpour S, Behnam B, Baradaran B, Hashemzaei M, Oroojalian F, Mokhtarzadeh A, de la Guardia M. Carbon based nanomaterials for the detection of narrow therapeutic index pharmaceuticals. Talanta 2020; 221:121610. [PMID: 33076140 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Precise detection of important pharmaceuticals with narrow therapeutic index (NTI) is very critical as there is a small window between their effective dose and the doses at which the adverse reactions are very likely to appear. Regarding the fact that various pharmacokinetics will be plausible while considering pharmacogenetic factors and also differences between generic and brand name drugs, accurate detection of NTI will be more important. Current routine analytical techniques suffer from many drawbacks while using novel biosensors can bring up many advantages including fast detection, accuracy, low cost with simple and repeatable measurements. Recently the well-known carbon Nano-allotropes including carbon nanotubes and graphenes have been widely used for development of different Nano-biosensors for a diverse list of analytes because of their great physiochemical features such as high tensile strength, ultra-light weight, unique electronic construction, high thermo-chemical stability, and an appropriate capacity for electron transfer. Because of these exceptional properties, scientists have developed an immense interest in these nanomaterials. In this case, there are important reports to show the effective Nano-carbon based biosensors in the detection of NTI drugs and the present review will critically summarize the available data in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soodabeh Hassanpour
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, 17. Listopadu 12, 77146, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Behzad Behnam
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hashemzaei
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Oroojalian
- Department of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Miguel de la Guardia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kilele JC, Chokkareddy R, Rono N, Redhi GG. A novel electrochemical sensor for selective determination of theophylline in pharmaceutical formulations. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
16
|
Chen TW, Chinnapaiyan S, Chen SM, Hossam Mahmoud A, Elshikh MS, Ebaid H, Taha Yassin M. Facile sonochemical synthesis of rutile-type titanium dioxide microspheres decorated graphene oxide composite for efficient electrochemical sensor. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2020; 62:104872. [PMID: 31806555 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this reports the facile and green synthesis of rutile-type titanium dioxide nanoparticles decorated graphene oxide nanocomposite via the ultrasonication process (frequency: 50 kHz, Power: 100 W/cm2 and Ultrasonic type: Ti-horn). Because, the sonochemical synthesis method is simple, non-explosive and harmless method than other conventional technique. Furthermore, the synthesized material was characterized by various analytical techniques including FESEM, EDX, XRD, EIS and electrochemical methods. Then, the synthesized TiO2 MPs@GOS composite was applied for the electrocatalytic detection of theophylline (TPL) using CV and amperometric (current-time) techniques. Captivatingly, the modified sensor has excellent electrocatalytic performance with the wider linear range from 0.02 to 209.6 µM towards the determination of theophylline and the LOD and sensitivity of the modified sensor was calculated as 13.26 nM and 1.183 μA·µM-1·cm-2, respectively. In addition, a selectivity, reproducibility and stability of the TiO2 MPs@GOS modified GCE were analyzed towards the determination of theophylline molecule. Finally, the real time application of TiO2 MPs@GOS modified theophylline sensor was established in serum and drug samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tse-Wei Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; Research and Development Center for Smart Textile Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sathishkumar Chinnapaiyan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shen-Ming Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Ahmed Hossam Mahmoud
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hossam Ebaid
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Taha Yassin
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shetti NP, Malode SJ, Nayak DS, Bagihalli GB, Reddy KR, Ravindranadh K, Reddy CV. A novel biosensor based on graphene oxide-nanoclay hybrid electrode for the detection of Theophylline for healthcare applications. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.103985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
18
|
Analysis of the Overlapped Electrochemical Signals of Hydrochlorothiazide and Pyridoxine on the Ethylenediamine-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode by Use of Chemometrics Methods. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24142536. [PMID: 31373331 PMCID: PMC6680851 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the electrochemical behavior of hydrochlorothiazide and pyridoxine on the ethylenediamine-modified glassy carbon electrode were investigated by differential pulse voltammetry. In pH 3.4 Britton-Robinson (B-R) buffer solution, both hydrochlorothiazide and pyridoxine had a pair of sensitive irreversible oxidation peaks, that overlapped in the 1.10 V to 1.20 V potential range. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the peak current was linearly related to hydrochlorothiazide and pyridoxine in the concentration range of 0.10-2.0 μg/mL and 0.02-0.40 μg/mL, respectively. Chemometrics methods, including classical least squares (CLS), principal component regression (PCR) and partial least squares (PLS), were introduced to resolve the overlapped signals and determine the two components in mixtures, which avoided the troublesome steps of separation and purification. Finally, the simultaneous determination of the two components in commercial pharmaceuticals was performed with satisfactory results.
Collapse
|
19
|
Nantaphol S, Jesadabundit W, Chailapakul O, Siangproh W. A new electrochemical paper platform for detection of 8-hydroxyquinoline in cosmetics using a cobalt phthalocyanine-modified screen-printed carbon electrode. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
20
|
Ngamchuea K, Chaisiwamongkhol K, Batchelor-McAuley C, Compton RG. Chemical analysis in saliva and the search for salivary biomarkers – a tutorial review. Analyst 2018; 143:81-99. [DOI: 10.1039/c7an01571b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A review of the uses of saliva biomarkers, detection methods and requirements for new biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamonwad Ngamchuea
- Department of Chemistry
- Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
| | - Korbua Chaisiwamongkhol
- Department of Chemistry
- Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
| | | | - Richard G. Compton
- Department of Chemistry
- Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mekassa B, Tessema M, Chandravanshi BS. Simultaneous determination of caffeine and theophylline using square wave voltammetry at poly( l -aspartic acid)/functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite modified electrode. SENSING AND BIO-SENSING RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
22
|
Jesny S, Girish Kumar K. Non-enzymatic Electrochemical Sensor for the Simultaneous Determination of Xanthine, its Methyl Derivatives Theophylline and Caffeine as well as its Metabolite Uric Acid. ELECTROANAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201700115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Jesny
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Cochin University of Science and Technology; Kochi 6802022 Kerala India
| | - K. Girish Kumar
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Cochin University of Science and Technology; Kochi 6802022 Kerala India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yang YJ, Guo L, Zhang W. The electropolymerization of CTAB on glassy carbon electrode for simultaneous determination of dopamine, uric acid, tryptophan and theophylline. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2016.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
24
|
Rahi A, Karimian K, Heli H. Nanostructured materials in electroanalysis of pharmaceuticals. Anal Biochem 2016; 497:39-47. [PMID: 26751130 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2015.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Basic strategies and recent developments for the enhancement of the sensory performance of nanostructures in the electroanalysis of pharmaceuticals are reviewed. A discussion of the properties of nanostructures and their application as modified electrodes for drug assays is presented. The electrocatalytic effect of nanostructured materials and their application in determining low levels of drugs in pharmaceutical forms and biofluids are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Rahi
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - K Karimian
- Andisheh Pharma Sciences R&D Inc., Yousefabad, Jahanarar Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - H Heli
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Nanomedicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Liu B, Xiao B, Cui L. Electrochemical analysis of carbaryl in fruit samples on graphene oxide-ionic liquid composite modified electrode. J Food Compost Anal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2014.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
26
|
Shpigun LK, Andryukhina EY, Suranova MA. The anodic behavior of purine alkaloids on the carbositall electrode in acid solutions. RUSS J ELECTROCHEM+ 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1023193515020123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
27
|
Gowda JI, Gunjiganvi DG, Sunagar NB, Bhat MN, Nandibewoor ST. MWCNT–CTAB modified glassy carbon electrode as a sensor for the determination of paracetamol. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra05802c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An electrochemical sensor for the sensitive detection of paracetamol (PCM) was developed by constructing a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with multiwalled carbon nanotube–cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (MWCNT–CTAB).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jayant I. Gowda
- P.G. Department of Studies in Chemistry
- Karnatak University
- Dharwad-580 003
- India
| | | | - Nagaveni B. Sunagar
- P.G. Department of Studies in Chemistry
- Karnatak University
- Dharwad-580 003
- India
| | - Manjushree N. Bhat
- P.G. Department of Studies in Chemistry
- Karnatak University
- Dharwad-580 003
- India
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yang G, Zhao F, Zeng B. Facile fabrication of a novel anisotropic gold nanoparticle–chitosan–ionic liquid/graphene modified electrode for the determination of theophylline and caffeine. Talanta 2014; 127:116-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
29
|
Li J, Miao D, Yang R, Qu L, Harrington PDB. Synthesis of poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) functionalized graphene/cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) nanocomposite and its application in electrochemical oxidation of 2,4-dichlorophenol. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
30
|
Palomar-Pardavé M, Corona-Avendaño S, Romero-Romo M, Alarcón-Angeles G, Merkoçi A, T. Ramírez-Silva M. Supramolecular interaction of dopamine with β-cyclodextrin: An experimental and theoretical electrochemical study. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
31
|
Wang T, Randviir EP, Banks CE. Detection of theophylline utilising portable electrochemical sensors. Analyst 2014; 139:2000-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an00065j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
32
|
Ramírez-Silva M, Corona-Avendaño S, Alarcón-Angeles G, Palomar-Pardavé M, Romero-Romo M, Rojas-Hernández A. Construction of Supramolecular Systems for the Selective and Quantitative Determination of Dopamine in the Presence of Ascorbic Acid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proche.2014.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
33
|
MansouriMajd S, Teymourian H, Salimi A, Hallaj R. Fabrication of electrochemical theophylline sensor based on manganese oxide nanoparticles/ionic liquid/chitosan nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
34
|
Simultaneous determination of theophylline and caffeine by large mesoporous carbon/Nafion modified electrode. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2013.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
35
|
Wang LH, Tien HJ, Tai CY. Use of a Disposable Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Liquid Chromatography-amperometric Detection of Theophylline and Three Metabolites in Human Serum. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200600199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
36
|
Sun W, Hu J. Voltammetric determination of theophylline in pharmaceutical formulations using aligned carbon nanotubes (ACNTs) film modified electrode. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934813080121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
37
|
Yin H, Meng X, Su H, Xu M, Ai S. Electrochemical determination of theophylline in foodstuff, tea and soft drinks based on urchin-like CdSe microparticles modified glassy carbon electrode. Food Chem 2012; 134:1225-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.02.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Revised: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
38
|
Malode SJ, Shetti NP, Nandibewoor ST. Voltammetric behavior of theophylline and its determination at multi-wall carbon nanotube paste electrode. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2012; 97:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Revised: 03/31/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
39
|
High sensitive determination of theophylline based on gold nanoparticles/l-cysteine/Graphene/Nafion modified electrode. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
40
|
Talik P, Krzek J, Ekiert RJ. Analytical Techniques Used for Determination of Methylxanthines and their Analogues—Recent Advances. SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2011.569047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
41
|
Voltammetric determination of some alkaloids and other compounds in pharmaceuticals and urine using an electrochemically activated glassy carbon electrode. OPEN CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.2478/s11532-011-0058-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractElectrochemical behaviour of some alkaloids, namely: caffeine, aminophylline, theophylline, codeine phosphate and papaverine hydrochloride, that are in solution in various combinations or in the presence of other compounds contained in pharmaceuticals or in real samples (urine) was investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV), square-wave voltammetry (SWV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) on electrochemically activated glassy carbon electrode. The proposed electroanalytical methods were successfully applied in the simultaneous determination of these alkaloids in different combination or in the presence of other compounds. The great part of these combinations can be analyzed simultaneously because they practically do not interfere. The electrochemical test methods attempted to detect the presence of alkaloids in urine samples collected from subjects who consumed coffee (caffeine), and from a patient under treatment with Miofilin® (aminophylline). Urine samples were determined after filtration, without prior dilution and after dilutiion with acetate buffer at pH 4.5. Best results were obtained using DPV performed on electrochemically activated glassy carbon electrode. Thus in samples taken from subjects who drink coffee the caffeine concentration detected was 6.21×10−7 mol L−1 in the first sample and 7.77×10−7 mol L−1 in the second sample, while aminophylline concentration detected was 1.15×10−7 mol L−1.
Collapse
|
42
|
Kotani A, Hashimoto M, Kotani T, Kusu F. Prepeak of trolox caused by theophylline and its application to the determination of theophylline in rat plasma. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2011.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
43
|
Abstract
AbstractThe electrochemical behaviour of three purine derivatives was investigated by cyclic voltammetry on different electrode materials: glassy carbon in native form and electrochemically activated, carbon paste electrode unmodified or modified with 1, 4-benzoquinone. The preliminary study obtained on solid electrodes was extended to graphite based planar screen-printed electrodes, unmodified and modified with multi-wall carbon nanotubes, or cobalt phthalocyanine.The influence of some experimental parameters (pH, scan rate, concentration and electrolytic medium) on the electrochemical behaviour of these alkaloids was also examined.The electrochemical oxidation of purine derivatives is an irreversible and diffusion controlled process, proved by the linear dependence between the peak potentials and the logarithm of scan rates and between the anodic peak current and the square root of scan rate.
Collapse
|
44
|
Voltammetric determination of theophylline at a Nafion/multi-wall carbon nanotubes composite film-modified glassy carbon electrode. J CHEM SCI 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-010-0080-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
45
|
Wei Y, Zhang Q, Shao C, Li C, Zhang L, Li X. Voltammetric determination of salbutamol on a glassy carbon electrode coated with a nanomaterial thin film. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934810040106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
46
|
Radhi. Voltammetric Detection of Mn(II) in Blood Sample at C 60 and MWCNT Modified Glassy Carbon Electrodes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3844/ajassp.2010.395.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
47
|
Hegde RN, Hosamani RR, Nandibewoor ST. Electrochemical Oxidation and Determination of Theophylline at a Carbon Paste Electrode Using Cetyltrimethyl Ammonium Bromide as Enhancing Agent. ANAL LETT 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710903243620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
48
|
Voltammetric determination of ethamsylate in bulk solution and pharmaceutical tablet by nano-material composite-film coated electrode. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2009.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
49
|
Zhang WD, Xu B. A solid-state pH sensor based on WO3-modified vertically aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Electrochem commun 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2009.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
50
|
Brunetti B, Desimoni E. Determination of Theophylline at a Cysteic Acid Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode. ELECTROANAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200804477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|