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Wei S, Xia X, Bi S, Hu S, Wu X, Hsu HY, Zou X, Huang K, Zhang DW, Sun Q, Bard AJ, Yu ET, Ji L. Metal-insulator-semiconductor photoelectrodes for enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:6860-6916. [PMID: 38833171 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00820g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting provides a scalable and integrated platform to harness renewable solar energy for green hydrogen production. The practical implementation of PEC systems hinges on addressing three critical challenges: enhancing energy conversion efficiency, ensuring long-term stability, and achieving economic viability. Metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) heterojunction photoelectrodes have gained significant attention over the last decade for their ability to efficiently segregate photogenerated carriers and mitigate corrosion-induced semiconductor degradation. This review discusses the structural composition and interfacial intricacies of MIS photoelectrodes tailored for PEC water splitting. The application of MIS heterostructures across various semiconductor light-absorbing layers, including traditional photovoltaic-grade semiconductors, metal oxides, and emerging materials, is presented first. Subsequently, this review elucidates the reaction mechanisms and respective merits of vacuum and non-vacuum deposition techniques in the fabrication of the insulator layers. In the context of the metal layers, this review extends beyond the conventional scope, not only by introducing metal-based cocatalysts, but also by exploring the latest advancements in molecular and single-atom catalysts integrated within MIS photoelectrodes. Furthermore, a systematic summary of carrier transfer mechanisms and interface design principles of MIS photoelectrodes is presented, which are pivotal for optimizing energy band alignment and enhancing solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency within the PEC system. Finally, this review explores innovative derivative configurations of MIS photoelectrodes, including back-illuminated MIS photoelectrodes, inverted MIS photoelectrodes, tandem MIS photoelectrodes, and monolithically integrated wireless MIS photoelectrodes. These novel architectures address the limitations of traditional MIS structures by effectively coupling different functional modules, minimizing optical and ohmic losses, and mitigating recombination losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shice Wei
- School of Microelectronics & Jiashan Fudan Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xuewen Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Shuai Bi
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Shen Hu
- School of Microelectronics & Jiashan Fudan Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xuefeng Wu
- School of Microelectronics & Jiashan Fudan Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Hsien-Yi Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xingli Zou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - David W Zhang
- School of Microelectronics & Jiashan Fudan Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Qinqqing Sun
- School of Microelectronics & Jiashan Fudan Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Allen J Bard
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Texas 78713, USA
| | - Edward T Yu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Texas 78758, USA.
| | - Li Ji
- School of Microelectronics & Jiashan Fudan Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Bonomo M, Dini D, Decker F. Electrochemical and Photoelectrochemical Properties of Nickel Oxide (NiO) With Nanostructured Morphology for Photoconversion Applications. Front Chem 2019; 6:601. [PMID: 30619811 PMCID: PMC6299045 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The cost-effective production of chemicals in electrolytic cells and the conversion of the radiation energy into electrical energy in photoelectrochemical cells (PECs) require the use of electrodes with large surface area, which possess either electrocatalytic or photoelectrocatalytic properties. In this context nanostructured semiconductors are electrodic materials of great relevance because of the possibility of varying their photoelectrocatalytic properties in a controlled fashion via doping, dye-sensitization or modification of the conditions of deposition. Among semiconductors for electrolysers and PECs the class of the transition metal oxides (TMOs) with a particular focus on NiO interests for the chemical-physical inertness in ambient conditions and the intrinsic electroactivity in the solid state. The latter aspect implies the existence of capacitive properties in TMO and NiO electrodes which thus act as charge storage systems. After a comparative analysis of the (photo)electrochemical properties of nanostructured TMO electrodes in the configuration of thin film the use of NiO and analogs for the specific applications of water photoelectrolysis and, secondly, photoelectrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Bonomo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Danilo Dini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Decker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
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Sun K, Shen S, Liang Y, Burrows PE, Mao SS, Wang D. Enabling Silicon for Solar-Fuel Production. Chem Rev 2014; 114:8662-719. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300459q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shaohua Shen
- International
Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Lab of Multiphase
Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an,
Shaanxi 710049, China
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yongqi Liang
- Department
of Chemistry, Chemical Biological Center, Umeå University, Linnaeus
väg, 6 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Paul E. Burrows
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Samuel Mao Institute of New Energy, Science Hall, 1003 Shangbu Road, Shenzhen, 518031, China
| | - Samuel S. Mao
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Samuel Mao Institute of New Energy, Science Hall, 1003 Shangbu Road, Shenzhen, 518031, China
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