1
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Arshi S, Xiao X, Belochapkine S, Magner E. Electrochemical immobilization of glucose oxidase for the controlled production of H2O2 in a biocatalytic flow reactor. ChemElectroChem 2022; 9:e202200319. [PMID: 36246851 PMCID: PMC9545823 DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical methods can be used to selectively modify the surfaces of electrodes, enabling the immobilisation of enzymes on defined areas on the surfaces of electrodes. Such selective immobilisation methods can be used to pattern catalysts on surfaces in a controlled manner. Using this approach, the selective patterning of the enzyme glucose oxidase on the electrodes was used to develop a flow reactor for the controlled delivery of the oxidant H2O2. GOx was immobilised on a glassy carbon electrode using polypyrrole, silica films, and diazonium linkers. The rate of production of H2O2 and the stability of the response was dependent on the immobilisation method. GOx encapsulated in polypyrrole was selected as the optimal method of immobilisation, with a rate of production of 91±11 μM h−1 for 4 hours of continuous operation. The enzyme was subsequently immobilised on carbon rod electrodes (surface area of 5.76 cm2) using a polypyrrole/Nafion® film and incorporated into a flow reactor. The rate of production of H2O2 was 602±57 μM h−1, with 100 % retention of activity after 7 h of continuous operation, demonstrating that such a system can be used to prepare H2O2 at continuous and stable rate for use in downstream oxidation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Arshi
- University of Limerick Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute IRELAND
| | - Xinxin Xiao
- Technical University of Denmark: Danmarks Tekniske Universitet Department of Chemistry DENMARK
| | - Serguei Belochapkine
- University of Limerick Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute IRELAND
| | - Edmond Magner
- University of Limerick Materials and Surface Science Institute Plassey IE Co. Limerick IRELAND
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2
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Macewicz Ł, Skowierzak G, Niedziałkowski P, Ryl J, Ossowski T, Bogdanowicz R. Studies on Aminoanthraquinone-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode: Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance toward Oxygen Reduction. RUSS J ELECTROCHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1023193521030071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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3
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Wu T, Fitchett CM, Brooksby PA, Downard AJ. Building Tailored Interfaces through Covalent Coupling Reactions at Layers Grafted from Aryldiazonium Salts. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:11545-11570. [PMID: 33683855 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aryldiazonium ions are widely used reagents for surface modification. Attractive aspects of their use include wide substrate compatibility (ranging from plastics to carbons to metals and metal oxides), formation of stable covalent bonding to the substrate, simplicity of modification methods that are compatible with organic and aqueous solvents, and the commercial availability of many aniline precursors with a straightforward conversion to the active reagent. Importantly, the strong bonding of the modifying layer to the surface makes the method ideally suited to further on-surface (postfunctionalization) chemistry. After an initial grafting from a suitable aryldiazonium ion to give an anchor layer, a target species can be coupled to the layer, hugely expanding the range of species that can be immobilized. This strategy has been widely employed to prepare materials for numerous applications including chemical sensors, biosensors, catalysis, optoelectronics, composite materials, and energy conversion and storage. In this Review our goal is first to summarize how a target species with a particular functional group may be covalently coupled to an appropriate anchor layer. We then review applications of the resulting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wu
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Christopher M Fitchett
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Paula A Brooksby
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Alison J Downard
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
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4
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Yu F, Wang K, Wang C, He X, Liao Y, Zhao S, Mao H, Li X, Ma J. Anthraquinone Covalently Modified Carbon Nanotubes for Efficient and Steady Electrocatalytic H2O2 Generation. Chem Res Chin Univ 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-020-0161-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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5
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Behnke SL, Manesis AC, Shafaat HS. Spectroelectrochemical investigations of nickel cyclam indicate different reaction mechanisms for electrocatalytic CO2 and H+ reduction. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:15206-15216. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02873g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of a NiIII species during reductive catalysis by [Ni(cyclam)]2+ implicates an ECCE mechanism for hydrogen production in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby L. Behnke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- The Ohio State University
- Columbus
- USA
| | | | - Hannah S. Shafaat
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- The Ohio State University
- Columbus
- USA
- Ohio State Biochemistry Program
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6
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Koçak I. Characterization of the Reduction of Oxygen at Anthraquinone-Modified Glassy Carbon and Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite Electrodes. ANAL LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2016.1236126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Izzet Koçak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
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7
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Aryldiazonium salt derived mixed organic layers: From surface chemistry to their applications. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2016.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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8
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Mooste M, Kibena-Põldsepp E, Matisen L, Tammeveski K. Oxygen Reduction on Anthraquinone Diazonium Compound Derivatised Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Based Electrodes. ELECTROANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Mooste
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Tartu; Ravila 14a 50411 Tartu Estonia
| | | | - Leonard Matisen
- Institute of Physics; University of Tartu; W. Ostwald Str. 1 50411 Tartu Estonia
| | - Kaido Tammeveski
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Tartu; Ravila 14a 50411 Tartu Estonia
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9
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Wei G, Su W, Wei Z, Fan X, Liu J, Yan C. Electrocatalytic effect of the edge planes sites at graphite electrode on the vanadium redox couples. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.04.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Mooste M, Kibena-Põldsepp E, Marandi M, Matisen L, Sammelselg V, Tammeveski K. Electrochemical properties of gold and glassy carbon electrodes electrografted with an anthraquinone diazonium compound using the rotating disc electrode method. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra05609a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The RDE method was combined with the electrografting procedure to prepare thick AQ films on Au and glassy carbon electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Mooste
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Tartu
- 50411 Tartu
- Estonia
| | | | - M. Marandi
- Institute of Physics
- University of Tartu
- 50411 Tartu
- Estonia
| | - L. Matisen
- Institute of Physics
- University of Tartu
- 50411 Tartu
- Estonia
| | - V. Sammelselg
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Tartu
- 50411 Tartu
- Estonia
- Institute of Physics
| | - K. Tammeveski
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Tartu
- 50411 Tartu
- Estonia
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11
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Lu Y, Wang X, Wang M, Kong L, Zhao J. 1,10-phenanthroline metal complex covalently bonding to poly- (pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid)-coated carbon: An efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.08.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Poon J, Batchelor-McAuley C, Tschulik K, Palgrave RG, Compton RG. Bifunctional redox tagging of carbon nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:2069-2075. [PMID: 25553653 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr06058j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive work on the controlled surface modification of carbon with redox moieties, to date almost all available methodologies involve complex chemistry and are prone to the formation of polymerized multi-layer surface structures. Herein, the facile bifunctional redox tagging of carbon nanoparticles (diameter 27 nm) and its characterization is undertaken using the industrial dye Reactive Blue 2. The modification route is demonstrated to be via exceptionally strong physisorption. The modified carbon is found to exhibit both well-defined oxidative and reductive voltammetric redox features which are quantitatively interpreted. The method provides a generic approach to monolayer modifications of carbon and carbon nanoparticle surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Poon
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK.
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13
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Wei G, Gao Z, Wei Z, Fan X, Liu J, Yan C. Coupling effect between the structure and surface characteristics of electrospun carbon nanofibres on the electrochemical activity towards the VO2+/VO2+ redox couple. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:20368-75. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp02952j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical activity of ECNFs towards the VO2+/VO2+ redox couple decreases firstly and then rises gradually with increasing carbonization temperature, indicating of the coupling effect of the surface composition and microstructure of ECNFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanjie Wei
- Liaoning Engineering Research Center for Advanced Battery Materials
- Institute of Metal Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenyang
- China
| | - Zhenguo Gao
- Shenyang Institute of Engineering
- Shenyang
- China
| | - Zengfu Wei
- Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Co. Ltd
- Guangzhou 510080
- China
| | - Xinzhuang Fan
- Liaoning Engineering Research Center for Advanced Battery Materials
- Institute of Metal Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenyang
- China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Liaoning Engineering Research Center for Advanced Battery Materials
- Institute of Metal Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenyang
- China
| | - Chuanwei Yan
- Liaoning Engineering Research Center for Advanced Battery Materials
- Institute of Metal Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenyang
- China
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14
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Favaro M, Ferrighi L, Fazio G, Colazzo L, Di Valentin C, Durante C, Sedona F, Gennaro A, Agnoli S, Granozzi G. Single and Multiple Doping in Graphene Quantum Dots: Unraveling the Origin of Selectivity in the Oxygen Reduction Reaction. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs501211h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Favaro
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, Università degli studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Lara Ferrighi
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Via
Cozzi 53, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Gianluca Fazio
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Via
Cozzi 53, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Luciano Colazzo
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, Università degli studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Cristiana Di Valentin
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Via
Cozzi 53, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Christian Durante
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, Università degli studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Sedona
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, Università degli studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Armando Gennaro
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, Università degli studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Agnoli
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, Università degli studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Gaetano Granozzi
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, Università degli studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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15
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Yu J, Lu Y, Yuan C, Zhao J, Wang M, Liu R. Carbon supported polyindole-5-carboxylic acid covalently bonded with pyridine-2,4-diamine copper complex as a non-precious oxygen reduction catalyst. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.07.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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Kibena E, Marandi M, Sammelselg V, Tammeveski K, Jensen BBE, Mortensen AB, Lillethorup M, Kongsfelt M, Pedersen SU, Daasbjerg K. Electrochemical Behaviour of HOPG and CVD-Grown Graphene Electrodes Modified with Thick Anthraquinone Films by Diazonium Reduction. ELECTROANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201400290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Electrocatalysis of oxygen reduction on glassy carbon electrodes modified with anthraquinone moieties. J Solid State Electrochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-014-2392-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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