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Electro-Oxidation and Simultaneous Determination of Indole-3-Acetic Acid and Salicylic Acid on Graphene Hydrogel Modified Electrode. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19245483. [PMID: 31842420 PMCID: PMC6960803 DOI: 10.3390/s19245483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A selective and sensitive electrochemical sensor was developed for simultaneous detection of phytohormones indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and salicylic acid (SA). The sensing interface was fabricated on a porous, three-dimensional networked graphene hydrogel (GH) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The electrocatalytic behavior of IAA and SA on the surface of the modified electrode (GH/GCE) was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry. Results show that the oxidation reactions of IAA and SA occur at different potentials, which enable their simultaneous detection at the sensing interface. Under optimal conditions, the GH/GCE exhibited good selectivity and stability and its response, unaffected by various interferents, was linear in the range of 4 to 200 μM of IAA and SA. The limit of detection (S/N = 3) achieved were 1.42 μM for IAA and 2.80 μM for SA. The sensor performance was validated by measuring for IAA and SA in real vegetable samples with satisfactory results.
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2
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Ding Y, Feng S, Khan MA, Lv J, Chen SM, Hao Q, Lei W. Highly sensitivity electrochemical sensor based on ErGO/MWCNTs nanohybrid for 2,4-dinitroanisole electroanalysis. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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3
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Ge Y, Qu M, Xu L, Wang X, Xin J, Liao X, Li M, Li M, Wen Y. Phosphorene nanocomposite with high environmental stability and antifouling capability for simultaneous sensing of clenbuterol and ractopamine. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:836. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3908-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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4
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Wang W, Wang B, Liu Z, Xia X. Developmental toxicity and alteration of gene expression in zebrafish embryo exposed to 6-benzylaminopurine. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 233:336-346. [PMID: 31176896 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) is widely used in agriculture and horticulture as plant growth regulator. Its excessive use may pose a potential risk to both environment and human health, which is causing great concern. This study was undertaken to assess the acute developmental toxicity of 6-BA to zebrafish embryos based on OECD protocols and mortality, hatching rate and malformation were investigated. Results showed that the 96 h-LC50 and 96 h- EC50 values were 63.29 mg/L and 41.86 mg/L, respectively. No mortality or teratogenic effects were found at concentrations lower than 10 mg/L 6-BA at concentrations higher than 50 mg/L significantly inhibited hatchability and embryo development, induced serious toxicity characterized by morphologic abnormalities (elongated pericardium, heart and yolk sac edema, spine curvature) and functional failure (slow spontaneous movement and heart rate, growth retardation, yolk sac absorption retention). Moreover, 6-BA-induced apoptosis was observed in embryos by the acridine orange staining and confirmed by the apoptotic-related genes, all of which p53 was significantly up-regulated at concentrations higher than 10 mg/L, bax at concentrations higher than 12.5 mg/L, while bcl2 was down-regulated at concentrations higher than 25 mg/L. As for genes of cardiac development, qPCR results demonstrated that nkx2.5, gata5, and amhc were significantly down-regulated at concentrations higher than 25 mg/L, vmhc and atp2a2a at concentration of 50 mg/L, in contrast, hand2 was up-regulated at concentration of 50 mg/L. Our data indicate that 6-BA induces a dose-dependent toxicity resulting in apoptosis through the involvement of p53-dependent pathways and hindering normal heart development in zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixiang Wang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, PR China.
| | - Binrong Wang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zihao Liu
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xuemei Xia
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, PR China
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5
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Zhang Z, Peng J, Li S, Peng H, Wang X, Long D, Chen J, Xian H, Ni R. Simultaneous determination of cytokinins by high performance liquid chromatography with resonance Rayleigh scattering and mechanism discussion. Analyst 2019; 144:5186-5192. [PMID: 31343643 DOI: 10.1039/c9an00872a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A reliable, highly sensitive and highly selective method of high performance liquid chromatography associated with resonance Rayleigh scattering (HPLC-RRS) was developed to detect three cytokinins, namely, 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), kinetin (KT) and zeatin (ZT). In this work, Pd(ii) is added into the system to form ternary ion association complexes for the first time, which results in a lower limit of detection and extends the application of HPLC-RRS. The experimental conditions were optimized. In order to investigate the reaction mechanism, the ternary ion association complexes were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy and density functional theory calculations. In a HAc-NaAc buffer solution (pH = 4.1), a ternary complex of cytokinin : Pd(ii) : EryB (1 : 1 : 2) was formed. The detection limits (S/N = 3) of BA, KT, and ZT were 0.9, 1.5 and 2.3 ng mL-1, respectively. In addition, this method was applied for the simultaneous detection of cytokinins in real samples with satisfactory results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongying Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Jingdong Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Shiyu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Huanjun Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Xiang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Dengying Long
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Jun Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Hong Xian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Ranxi Ni
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China.
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6
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Rezvani SA, Soleymanpour A. Application of a sensitive electrochemical sensor modified with WO3 nanoparticles for the trace determination of theophylline. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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7
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Irandoust M, Haghighi M, Taherpour AA, Zolfaghar N. Electrochemical sensing of 2-methyl-4, 6-dinitrophenol by nanomagnetic core shell linked to carbon nanotube modified glassy carbon electrode. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 99:211-221. [PMID: 30889693 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.01.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical behavior and sensing of 2-methyl-4, 6-dinitrophenol as an herbicide has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV). We have synthesized a cefazolin (CEF) immobilized nanomagnetic core-shell (Fe3O4@SiO2-(CH2)3-CEF) and attached it on the modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE/MWCNT) through electrostatic adsorption (GCE/MWCNT/CEF-SiO2@Fe3O4). 2-Methyl-4, 6-dinitrophenol has an oxidation peak that is related to the formation of nitrosamine from hydroxylamine species. This peak was applied for quantifying determination of 2-methyl-4, 6-dinitrophenol. The electrochemical oxidation involves two electron transfers accompanied by two protons. The electrochemical process was controlled by adsorption. The good agreement between the obtained computational studies and the experimental results has demonstrated that outer sphere electron transfer occurred on modified electrode. The new electrochemical sensor was applied to determination of 2-methyl-4, 6-dinitrophenol by SWV in the range of 1.0 × 10-10 to 1.5 × 10-7 M with a detection limit of 0.1 nM. The proposed sensor was applied for determination of 2-methyl-4, 6-dinitrophenol in water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Irandoust
- Chemistry Faculty, Razi University, P.O. Box: 67149-67346, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Maryam Haghighi
- Chemistry Faculty, Razi University, P.O. Box: 67149-67346, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Avat Arman Taherpour
- Chemistry Faculty, Razi University, P.O. Box: 67149-67346, Kermanshah, Iran; Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Narges Zolfaghar
- Chemistry Faculty, Razi University, P.O. Box: 67149-67346, Kermanshah, Iran
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8
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Eco-Friendly Electrochemical Biosensor based on Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite. Macromol Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-019-7054-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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9
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Xiang Y, Camarada MB, Wen Y, Wu H, Chen J, Li M, Liao X. Simple voltammetric analyses of ochratoxin A in food samples using highly-stable and anti-fouling black phosphorene nanosensor. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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10
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Chou TC, Wu KY, Hsu FX, Lee CK. Pt-MWCNT modified carbon electrode strip for rapid and quantitative detection of H 2 O 2 in food. J Food Drug Anal 2018; 26:662-669. [PMID: 29567236 PMCID: PMC9322201 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A single-use screen-printed carbon electrode strip was designed and fabricated. Nano-hybrids, prepared by deposition of platinum (Pt) nanoparticles on multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT), was modified on the surface of screen-printed carbon electrode for the development of a fast, sensitive and cost-effective hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) detection amperometric sensor strip. With Pt-MWCNT nanohybrids surface modification, current generated in response to H2O2 by the screen-printed carbon electrode strip was enhanced 100 fold with an applied potential of 300 mV. Quality of as-prepared electrode strip was assured by the low coefficient of variation (CV) (<5%) of currents measured at 5 s. Three linear detection ranges with sensitivity of 75.2, 120.7, and 142.8 μA mM−1 cm−2 were observed for H2O2 concentration in the range of 1–15 mM, 0.1–1 mM, and 10–100 μM, respectively. The lowest H2O2 concentration could be measured by the as-prepared strip was 10 μM. H2O2 levels in green tea infusion and pressed Tofu could be rapidly detected with results comparable to that measured by ferrous oxidation xylenol orange (FOX) assay and peroxidase colorimetric method.
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11
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Zheng M, He J, Wang Y, Wang C, Ma S, Sun X. Colorimetric recognition of 6-benzylaminopurine in environmental samples by using thioglycolic acid functionalized silver nanoparticles. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 192:27-33. [PMID: 29126005 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A simple and selective colorimetric sensor thioglycolic acid capped silver nanoparticles (TGA-AgNPs) was developed for the detection of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP). The synthesized TGA-AgNPs were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopic (TEM) techniques. The TGA-AgNPs as a sensor for binding 6-BAP through hydrogen-bonding and π-π bonding that causes large conjugate clusters, resulting in a color change from yellow to reddish orange. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band of TGA-AgNPs at 397nm is red-shifted to 510nm, which confirms that 6-BAP induces the aggregation of TGA-AgNPs. Under the optimized conditions, a linear relationship between the absorption ratio (A510nm/A397nm) and 6-BAP concentration was found in the range of 4-26μM. The detection limit of 6-BAP was 0.2μM, which is lower than the other analytical techniques. Moreover, the proposed sensor was successfully applied for the detection of 6-BAP in environmental samples with good recoveries. The proposed assay provides a simple and cost-effective method for the analysis of 6-BAP in vegetable and water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingda Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jiang He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Yingying Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chenge Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shuang Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaohan Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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12
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Zhu X, Zeng Y, Zhang Z, Yang Y, Zhai Y, Wang H, Liu L, Hu J, Li L. A new composite of graphene and molecularly imprinted polymer based on ionic liquids as functional monomer and cross-linker for electrochemical sensing 6-benzylaminopurine. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 108:38-45. [PMID: 29499557 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers prepared using traditional functional monomers and cross-linkers exhibit slow binding kinetics, low electrocatalytic activity and adsorption capacity. Herein, we report a new composite of ionic liquid-based graphene and molecularly imprinted polymer (IL-GR-MIP) with high electrocatalytic activity and adsorption capacity to construct an effective electrochemical sensor for 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP). Our objective was to enhance the efficiency of the sensor by incorporating more IL in the MIP framework. We synthesized IL-GR-MIP using ionic liquid 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (IL1) as functional monomer, ionic liquid 1,4-butanediyl-3,3'-bis-l-vinylimidazolium dibromide (IL2) as cross-linker, 6-BAP as template, and GR as supporter. IL-GR-MIP was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope. Compared with GR-MIP composites based on methacrylic acid or IL1 as functional monomer, N, N'-methylenebisacrylamide and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as cross-linker, the IL-GR-MIP (prepared with ionic liquids as functional monomer and cross-linker) sensor exhibited highest peak current for 6-BAP. The results indicate the ability of IL2 as cross-linker to enhance electrocatalytic activity and adsorption capacity for 6-BAP of IL-GR-MIP. Under the optimized conditions, the peak current of IL-GR-MIP sensor was linear to 6-BAP concentration in the range of 0.5-50 μM with a detection limit of 0.2 μM (S/N = 3). The IL-GR-MIP sensor exhibited good selectivity with the anti-interference ability of 1000-fold ascorbic acid in 6-BAP determination. Furthermore, we demonstrated practical applicability of IL-GR-MIP sensor in detecting 6-BAP in real samples with satisfactory results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Zhu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213016, PR China; College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, PR China
| | - Yanbo Zeng
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, PR China.
| | - Zulei Zhang
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, PR China
| | - Yiwen Yang
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, PR China
| | - Yunyun Zhai
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, PR China
| | - Hailong Wang
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, PR China
| | - Lingyu Liu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213016, PR China; College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, PR China
| | - Jian Hu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213016, PR China; College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, PR China
| | - Lei Li
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, PR China.
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13
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Simultaneous determination of doxorubicin and dasatinib as two breast anticancer drugs uses an amplified sensor with ionic liquid and ZnO nanoparticle. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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14
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Sonkar PK, Ganesan V, Sen Gupta SK, Yadav DK, Gupta R, Yadav M. Highly dispersed multiwalled carbon nanotubes coupled manganese salen nanostructure for simultaneous electrochemical sensing of vitamin B2 and B6. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Wen Y, Chang J, Xu L, Liao X, Bai L, Lan Y, Li M. Simultaneous analysis of uric acid, xanthine and hypoxanthine using voltammetric sensor based on nanocomposite of palygorskite and nitrogen doped graphene. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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16
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Li Y, Liu L, Song S, Kuang H. Development of a gold nanoparticle immunochromatographic assay for the on-site analysis of 6-benzylaminopurine residues in bean sprouts. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2017.1354359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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17
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Gong L, Yan H, Dai H, Zhang S, Li Y, Zhang Q, Lin Y, Hong Z. Highly sensitive and stabilized sensing of 6-benzylaminopurine based on NiCo2O4 nanosuperstructures. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23343g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An ultrasensitive electrochemical sensor based on NiCo2O4 nanosuperstructures was proposed to determine 6-benzylaminopurine contamination in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingshan Gong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350108
- P. R. China
| | - Huixiang Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350108
- P. R. China
| | - Hong Dai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350108
- P. R. China
| | - Shupei Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350108
- P. R. China
| | - Yilin Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350108
- P. R. China
| | - Qingrong Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350108
- P. R. China
| | - Yanyu Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and New Energy Materials
- College of Physics and Energy
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350108
- P. R. China
| | - Zhensheng Hong
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and New Energy Materials
- College of Physics and Energy
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350108
- P. R. China
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