1
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Lazanas AC, Prodromidis MI. Large surface vanadium pentoxide nanosheet modified screen-printed electrode for nanomolar diclofenac determination. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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2
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Enzymology on an Electrode and in a Nanopore: Analysis Algorithms, Enzyme Kinetics, and Perspectives. BIONANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-022-01037-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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3
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Nguyen DHN, Le QH, Nguyen TL, Dinh VT, Nguyen HN, Pham HN, Nguyen TA, Nguyen LL, Dinh TMT, Nguyen VQ. Electrosynthesized nanostructured molecularly imprinted polymer for detecting diclofenac molecule. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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4
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5
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Electrochemical Method for Ease Determination of Sodium Diclofenac Trace Levels in Water Using Graphene-Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Paste Electrode. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010029. [PMID: 35010286 PMCID: PMC8750901 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Sodium diclofenac (DCF) presence reported in water use cycle at various concentrations including trace levels necessitates continuous development of advanced analytical method for its determination. In this work, ease electrochemical methods for DCF determination based on voltammetric and amperometric techniques were proposed using a simple combination of graphene with multi-walled carbon nanotubes as paste electrode. Integration of the graphene with multi-walled carbon nanotubes enlarged the electroactive surface area of the electrode and implicitly enhanced the electrochemical response for DCF determination. On the basis of the sorption autocatalytic effect manifested at low concentration of DCF, we found that the preconcentration step applied prior to differential-pulsed voltammetry (DPV) and multiple-pulsed amperometry (MPA) allowed for the enhancement of the electroanalytical performance of the DCF electrochemical detections, which were validated by testing in tap water. The lowest limit of detection (LOD) of 1.40 ng·L−1 was found using preconcentration prior to DPV under optimized operating conditions, which is better than that reached by other carbon-based electrodes reported in the literature.
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6
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Wang Z, Shi H, Wang S, Liu Y, Fu Y. Degradation of diclofenac by Fe(II)-activated peracetic acid. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:4333-4341. [PMID: 32295490 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1756926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, peracetic acid (PAA) activated by Fe(II) was proposed to remove diclofenac (DCF) in polluted water. It was found that Fe(II)/PAA system could effectively remove DCF at neutral condition, which has a significant advantage over classical Fenton process. According to the result of scavenging experiment, both hydroxyl radical and peroxy radical were considered to be responsible for the degradation of DCF. The influence of several operational parameters including initial pH, Fe(II) dosage, PAA concentration and common water matrix on DCF removal were investigated. 80% DCF was removed at mild condition (pH 6-7) within 60 s, and its removal rate could be enhanced with the increase in Fe(II) dosage and PAA concentration. Presence of HCO3- and natural organic matter (NOM) was proved to have a significantly negative impact on DCF degradation. Four probable degradation pathways of DCF were proposed based on the detected reaction products, including hydroxylation, C-N bond cleavage, decarboxylation and dehydrogenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenran Wang
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongle Shi
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shixiang Wang
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqing Liu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongsheng Fu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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7
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Kalambate PK, Noiphung J, Rodthongkum N, Larpant N, Thirabowonkitphithan P, Rojanarata T, Hasan M, Huang Y, Laiwattanapaisal W. Nanomaterials-based electrochemical sensors and biosensors for the detection of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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8
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Boumya W, Taoufik N, Achak M, Bessbousse H, Elhalil A, Barka N. Electrochemical sensors and biosensors for the determination of diclofenac in pharmaceutical, biological and water samples. TALANTA OPEN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2020.100026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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9
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Ferreira M, Güney S, Kuźniarska-Biernacka I, Soares OSGP, Figueiredo JL, Pereira MFR, Neves IC, Fonseca AM, Parpot P. Electrochemical oxidation of diclofenac on CNT and M/CNT modified electrodes. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01117k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Successful electrochemical oxidation of diclofenac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug considered as an emerging pollutant, was investigated on CNT, Pt/CNT and Ru/CNT modified electrodes based on Carbon Toray in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Ferreira
- CQUM
- Centro de Química
- Escola de Ciências
- Universidade do Minho
- Braga
| | - S. Güney
- Department of Chemistry
- Technical University of Istanbul
- 34467 Sarıyer/İstanbul
- Turkey
| | | | - O. S. G. P. Soares
- Laboratório de Catálise e Materiais (LCM)
- Laboratório Associado LSRE-LCM, Departamento de Engenharia Química
- Faculdade de Engenharia
- Universidade do Porto
- 4200-465 Porto
| | - J. L. Figueiredo
- Laboratório de Catálise e Materiais (LCM)
- Laboratório Associado LSRE-LCM, Departamento de Engenharia Química
- Faculdade de Engenharia
- Universidade do Porto
- 4200-465 Porto
| | - M. F. R. Pereira
- Laboratório de Catálise e Materiais (LCM)
- Laboratório Associado LSRE-LCM, Departamento de Engenharia Química
- Faculdade de Engenharia
- Universidade do Porto
- 4200-465 Porto
| | - I. C. Neves
- CQUM
- Centro de Química
- Escola de Ciências
- Universidade do Minho
- Braga
| | - A. M. Fonseca
- CQUM
- Centro de Química
- Escola de Ciências
- Universidade do Minho
- Braga
| | - P. Parpot
- CQUM
- Centro de Química
- Escola de Ciências
- Universidade do Minho
- Braga
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10
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Bahadori Y, Razmi H. Design of an electrochemical platform for the determination of diclofenac sodium utilizing a graphenized pencil graphite electrode modified with a Cu–Al layered double hydroxide/chicken feet yellow membrane. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02258j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel electrochemical sensor based on a Cu–Al layered double hydroxide (Cu–Al LDH)/chicken feet yellow membrane (CFYM) modified graphenized pencil graphite electrode (GPGE) was designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younes Bahadori
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Basic Sciences
- Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University
- Tabriz
- Iran
| | - Habib Razmi
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Basic Sciences
- Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University
- Tabriz
- Iran
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11
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Amra S, Bourouina M, Bourouina Bacha S, Hauchard D. Preconcentration and Successful Selective Detection of Traces of Diclofenac in Water using a Nanostructured Modified Carbon Paste Electrode. ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202060415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Siham Amra
- Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences Exactes Université A. Mira Bejaia 06000 Algérie
- Univ Rennes Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR – UMR6226 F-35000 Rennes France
| | - Mustapha Bourouina
- Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences Exactes Université A. Mira Bejaia 06000 Algérie
| | - Saliha Bourouina Bacha
- Département de Génie des procédés, Faculté de technologie Université A. Mira Bejaia 06000 Algérie
| | - Didier Hauchard
- Univ Rennes Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR – UMR6226 F-35000 Rennes France
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12
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Diclofenac determination using CeO2 nanoparticle modified screen-printed electrodes – A study of background correction. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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13
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Puiggalí-Jou A, Wedepohl S, Theune LE, Alemán C, Calderón M. Effect of conducting/thermoresponsive polymer ratio on multitasking nanogels. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 119:111598. [PMID: 33321642 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Semi-interpenetrated nanogels (NGs) able to release and sense diclofenac (DIC) have been designed to act as photothermal agents with the possibility to ablate cancer cells using mild-temperatures (<45 °C). Combining mild heat treatments with simultaneous chemotherapy appears as a very promising therapeutic strategy to avoid heat resistance or damaging the surrounding tissues. Particularly, NGs consisted on a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and dendritic polyglycerol (dPG) mesh containing a semi-interpenetrating network (SIPN) of poly(hydroxymethyl 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PHMeEDOT). The PHMeEDOT acted as photothermal and conducting agent, while PNIPAM-dPG NG provided thermoresponsivity and acted as stabilizer. We studied how semi-interpenetration modified the physicochemical characteristics of the thermoresponsive SIPN NGs and selected the best condition to generate a multifunctional photothermal agent. The thermoswitchable conductiveness of the multifunctional NGs and the redox activity of DIC could be utilized for its electrochemical detection. Besides, as proof of the therapeutic concept, we investigated the combinatorial effect of photothermal therapy (PTT) and DIC treatment using the HeLa cancer cell line in vitro. Within 15 min NIR irradiation without surpassing 45 °C we were able to kill 95% of the cells, demonstrating the potential of SIPN NGs as drug carriers, sensors and agents for mild PTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Puiggalí-Jou
- Department d'Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. I2, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Stefanie Wedepohl
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Loryn E Theune
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Department d'Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. I2, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marcelo Calderón
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany; POLYMAT and Applied Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
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14
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Abstract
Background:
This review investigates the ophthalmic drugs that have been studied with
voltammetry in the web of science database in the last 10 years.
Introduction:
Ophthalmic drugs are used in the diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of various ophthalmological
diseases and conditions. A significant literature has emerged in recent years that investigates
determination of these active compounds via electroanalytical methods, particularly voltammetry. Low
cost, rapid determination, high availability, efficient sensitivity and simple application make voltammetry
one of the most used methods for determining various kinds of drugs including ophthalmic ones.
Methods:
In this particular review, we searched the literature via the web of science database for ophthalmic
drugs which are investigated with voltammetric techniques using the keywords of voltammetry,
electrochemistry, determination and electroanalytical methods.
Results:
We found 33 types of pharmaceuticals in nearly 140 articles. We grouped them clinically into
seven major groups as antibiotics, antivirals, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, anti-glaucomatous
drugs, steroidal drugs, local anesthetics and miscellaneous. Voltammetric techniques, electrodes, optimum
pHs, peak potentials, limit of detection values, limit of quantification values, linearity ranges,
sample type and interference effects were compared.
Conclusion:
Ophthalmic drugs are widely used in the clinic and it is important to determine trace
amounts of these species analytically. Voltammetry is a preferred method for its ease of use, high sensitivity,
low cost, and high availability for the determination of ophthalmic drugs as well as many other
medical drugs. The low limits of detection values indicate that voltammetry is quite sufficient for determining
ophthalmic drugs in many media such as human serum, urine and ophthalmic eye drops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Inam
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ulucanlar Eye Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ersin Demir
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Afyonkarahisar University of Health Sciences, Afyonkarahisar, 03200, Turkey
| | - Bengi Uslu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
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15
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Electrochemical Behavior and Detection of Diclofenac at a Microporous Si3N4 Membrane Modified Water–1,6-dichlorohexane Interface System. CHEMOSENSORS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors8010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical behavior when the liquid–liquid interface was modified by commercially available, microporous silicon nitride membrane, was achieved using cyclic voltammetry with tetramethyl ammonium. The transfer characteristics of the ionizable drug diclofenac ( DCF − ), as an anti-inflammatory, anti-rheumatic, antipyretic, and analgesic treatment in common use in biomedical applications, were also investigated across microporous silicon nitride-modified liquid interface. Thus, some thermodynamic variables for DCF − , such as the standard Gibbs energy of transfer, the standard transfer potential and lipophilicity were estimated. Furthermore, the influence of possible interfering substances (ascorbic acid, sugar, amino acid, urea, and metal ions) on the detection of DCF − was investigated. An electrochemical DCF sensor is investigated using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) as the quantification technique, a linear range of 8–56 µM and a limit of detection of 1.5 µM was possible due to the miniaturized interfaces formed within silicon nitride.
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16
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Wang H, Wang S, Liu Y, Fu Y, Wu P, Zhou G. Degradation of diclofenac by Fe(II)-activated bisulfite: Kinetics, mechanism and transformation products. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 237:124518. [PMID: 31549645 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging pollutant, Diclofenac (DCF) has potential threats to ecosystem and human health, and it can hardly be removed by conventional wastewater treatment processes. In this study, Fe(II)-activated bisulfite (BS), an advanced oxidation process, was used for rapid removal of DCF. The effect of initial pH, Fe(II) dosage, BS concentration, dissolved oxygen and reaction temperature on DCF removal and its degradation mechanism were investigated. Compared to Fe(II)/persulfate system, the removal efficiency of DCF was higher by Fe(II)/BS, and its degradation followed pseudo-first order kinetic model. Due to the morphology of Fe(II) and BS, the optimal pH for DCF degradation was 4.0. The increased initial Fe(II) or BS concentration promoted DCF degradation while excess Fe(II) or BS caused an inhibition effect as a SO4- scavenger. Dissolved oxygen was an essential factor inducing the conversion of SO3- to SO4-, while it had no effect on DCF removal in the range of 4.6-8.3 mg L-1. The activation energy of this reaction was calculated to be 120.75 ± 3.43 kJ mol-1 based on the improved DCF degradation with increasing temperature. According to the radical scavenging experiments, the contribution of SO4-, HO and the other reactive species to DCF degradation in Fe(II)/BS system were 71.1%, 24.6% and 4.3%, respectively. Nine transformation products were detected using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. The potential degradation mechanism of DCF was thus proposed showing five reaction pathways including hydroxylation, decarboxylation, dehydration, dechlorination and formylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Wang
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
| | - Shixiang Wang
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
| | - Yiqing Liu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China.
| | - Yongsheng Fu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China.
| | - Peng Wu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
| | - Gaofeng Zhou
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
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17
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da Cunha CEP, Rodrigues ESB, Fernandes Alecrim M, Thomaz DV, Macêdo IYL, Garcia LF, de Oliveira Neto JR, Moreno EKG, Ballaminut N, de Souza Gil E. Voltammetric Evaluation of Diclofenac Tablets Samples through Carbon Black-Based Electrodes. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:E83. [PMID: 31167398 PMCID: PMC6630689 DOI: 10.3390/ph12020083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diclofenac (DIC) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug of wide use around the world. Electroanalytical methods display a high analytical potential for application in pharmaceutical samples but the drawbacks concerning electrode fouling and reproducibility are of major concern. Henceforth, the aim of this work was to propose the use of alternative low-cost carbon black (CB) and ionic liquid (IL) matrix to modify the surface of pencil graphite electrodes (PGE) in order to quantify DIC in raw materials, intermediates, and final products, as well as in stability assays of tablets. The proposed method using CB+IL/PGE displayed good recovery (99.4%) as well as limits of detection (LOD) of 0.08 µmol L-1 and limits of quantification (LOQ) of 0.28 µmol L-1. CB+IL/PGE response was five times greater than the unmodified PGE. CB+IL-PGE stands as an interesting alternative for DIC assessment in different pharmaceutical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Douglas Vieira Thomaz
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74690-970, Brazil.
| | | | - Luane Ferreira Garcia
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74690-970, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Nara Ballaminut
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74690-970, Brazil.
| | - Eric de Souza Gil
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74690-970, Brazil.
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18
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Guzmán MF, Mendoza Huizar LH, Galán Vidal CA, Morales GR, Álvarez Romero GA. A Box-Behnken Optimized Methodology for the Quantification of Diclofenac using a Carbon Paste-Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Electrode. CURR ANAL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411014666180423151749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Diclofenac is a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Recent
studies have shown that frequent consumption of this drug in high concentrations can cause heart diseases,
so strict control of diclofenac’s quantity in commercial drugs is necessary. This paper presents
the development of an optimized voltammetric methodology for the quantification of diclofenac,
which offers some advantages over other electrochemical and accepted methods.
Objective:
Optimize with a Box-Behnken design the differential pulse voltammetry parameters towards
the quantification of diclofenac in pharmaceutical samples.
Methods:
Diclofenac behavior in the working electrode was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry, in order
to stablish the best conditions for diclofenac’s quantification. A Box-Behnken design was then used to
optimize the differential pulse voltammetry parameters and stablish the analytical behavior of the proposed
methodology. Commercial tablets were prepared for analysis according to the Pharmacopeia,
the DPV optimized methodology was used to quantify diclofenac in the samples, and the results were
statistically compared with those obtained with the official methodology.
Results:
After optimization, the analytical parameters found were: correlation coefficient of 0.998, detection
limit of 0.001 µM, quantification limit of 0.0033 µM and sensitivity of 0.299 µA.µM-1. The
statistical analysis showed there were no significant differences between the results obtained with the
proposed methodology and those obtained with the official methodology.
Conclusion:
The statistical analysis showed that the proposed methodology is as reliable as the official
spectrophotometric one for the quantification of diclofenac in commercial drugs, with very competitive
analytical parameters, and even better to others found with more complex electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Franco Guzmán
- Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Area Academica de Quimica, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km 4.5. C.P 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Luis Humberto Mendoza Huizar
- Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Area Academica de Quimica, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km 4.5. C.P 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Carlos Andrés Galán Vidal
- Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Area Académica de Quimica, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km 4.5. C.P 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Roa Morales
- UAEM-UNAM, Centro Conjunto de Investigacion en Quimica Sustentable, Carretera Km. 14.5, Unidad San Cayetano, 50200, Toluca - Atlacomulco, Toluca de Lerdo, Mex, Mexico
| | - Giaan A. Álvarez Romero
- Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Area Academica de Quimica, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km 4.5. C.P 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, Mexico
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19
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Motoc S, Manea F, Orha C, Pop A. Enhanced Electrochemical Response of Diclofenac at a Fullerene⁻Carbon Nanofiber Paste Electrode. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19061332. [PMID: 30884875 PMCID: PMC6471276 DOI: 10.3390/s19061332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The requirements of the Water Framework Directive to monitor diclofenac (DCF) concentration in surface water impose the need to find advanced fast and simple analysis methods. Direct voltammetric/amperometric methods could represent efficient and practical solutions. Fullerene–carbon nanofibers in paraffin oil as a paste electrode (F–CNF) was easily obtained by simple mixing and tested for DCF detection using voltammetric and amperometric techniques. The lowest limit of detection of 0.9 nM was achieved by applying square-wave voltammetry operated under step potential (SP) of 2 mV, modulation amplitude (MA) of 10 mV, and frequency of 25 Hz, and the best sensitivity was achieved by four-level multiple pulsed amperometry (MPA) that allowed in situ reactivation of the F–CNF electrode. The selection of the method must take into account the environmental quality standard (EQS), imposed through the “watchlist” of the Water Framework Directive as 0.1 µg·L−1 DCF. A good improvement of the electroanalytical parameters for DCF detection on the F–CNF electrode was achieved by applying the preconcentration step for 30 min before the detection step, which assured about 30 times better sensitivity, recommending its application for the monitoring of trace levels of DCF. The electrochemical behavior of F–CNF as a pseudomicroelectrode array makes it suitable for practical application in the in situ and real-time monitoring of DCF concentrations in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorina Motoc
- "Coriolan Dragulescu" Institute of Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Mihai Viteazul 24, Timisoara 300223, Romania.
| | - Florica Manea
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Engineering of Inorganic Compounds and Environment, Politehnica University of Timisoara, P-ta Victoriei no.2, Timisoara 300006, Romania.
| | - Corina Orha
- National Condensed Matter Department, Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Timisoara, 1 P. Andronescu Street, Timisoara 300254, Romania.
| | - Aniela Pop
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Engineering of Inorganic Compounds and Environment, Politehnica University of Timisoara, P-ta Victoriei no.2, Timisoara 300006, Romania.
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Synthesis, characterization, and preparation of nickel nanoparticles decorated electrochemically reduced graphene oxide modified electrode for electrochemical sensing of diclofenac. J Solid State Electrochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-018-4071-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Aptamer-based sensor for diclofenac quantification using carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide decorated with magnetic nanomaterials. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-017-1259-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Artificial neural network for the voltamperometric quantification of diclofenac in presence of other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and some commercial excipients. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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