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Nelson DJ, Vasimalai N, John SA, Sethuraman MG. Turn-Off Fluorometric Determination of Bilirubin Using Facile Synthesized Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots as a Fluorescent Probe. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-023-03572-x. [PMID: 38217780 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03572-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Bilirubin plays a significant role in human health management, particularly in the case of jaundice. Because of the need for the monitoring of bilirubin levels in jaundice patients, the development of a robust sensitive method becomes essential. Here, we describe the development of a highly sensitive and selective turn-off fluorometric detection method for bilirubin in blood serum samples using nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs). N-CDs was synthesized by the pyrolysis process, using citric acid and L-asparagine as the carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The prepared N-CDs solution showed highly intense blue emission with good stability. The HR-TEM image of N-CDs revealed spherical dot-like structures with an average size calculated to be 7.16 nm. Further, the surface functional groups of N-CDs were analyzed by FT-IR, Raman, XRD, and XPS techniques. Fluorescence spectra showed the maximum emission intensity at 443 nm (λex). The linear range of addition was performed from 1 to 150 µM, and the limit of detection (LOD) was determined to be 1.97 nM. The emission of N-CDs was quenched by Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) by adding bilirubin. These N-CDs showed extraordinary sensitivity and selectivity in the detection of bilirubin. Hence, this fluorescent probe has been proven successful in detecting the concentration of free bilirubin in human serum samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- D James Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, The Gandhigram Rural Institute-Deemed to Be University, Gandhigram, Dindigul, 624302, Tamilnadu, India
| | - N Vasimalai
- Department of Chemistry, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Vandalur, Chennai, 600048, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S Abraham John
- Department of Chemistry, The Gandhigram Rural Institute-Deemed to Be University, Gandhigram, Dindigul, 624302, Tamilnadu, India
| | - M G Sethuraman
- Department of Chemistry, The Gandhigram Rural Institute-Deemed to Be University, Gandhigram, Dindigul, 624302, Tamilnadu, India.
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Chu Z, Gong W, Muhammad Y, Shah SJ, Liu Q, Xing L, Zhou X, Liu Y, Zhao Z, Zhao Z. Construction of a nano dispersed Cr/Fe-polycrystalline sensor via high-energy mechanochemistry for simultaneous electrochemical determination of dopamine and uric acid. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:101. [PMID: 36821056 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05688-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
A bimetallic polycrystalline sensor (Cr/Fe-SNCM) having nanosized and high dispersion was designed and used for the electrochemical simultaneous determination of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). Catalytic nanosized Cr/Fe were highly anchored on N/S/O-contained porous carbon with high dispersion and polycrystalline Cr/Fe via energetic mechanochemical method and high-temperature carbonization. The obtained Cr/Fe-SNCM exhibited high graphitized carbon supporter and endowed high electron transport and signal output for the whole sensor. Moreover, highly dispersed Cr/Fe sites and the polycrystalline form (metal-N/S/O) efficiently enhanced the catalytic reaction, leading to a limits of detection (based on the 3σ/m criterion) of 25.8 and 22.5 nM for DA and UA, respectively. This is 1-2 orders of magnitude lower than many state-of-the-art reported sensors. The Cr/Fe-SNCM1.0 sensor exhibited wide working range (0.1 to 10.0 μM), high recovery (96-103%) and low relative standard deviation (RSD = 3.2-4.7%) for DA and UA in real serum samples, possessing high significance for practical large-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Chu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Wenxue Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yaseen Muhammad
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, KP, Pakistan
| | - Syed Jalil Shah
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Linguang Xing
- Guangxi Nanning Baihui Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., No. 2, Zhongyu South Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning City, China
| | - Xueyun Zhou
- Guangxi Nanning Baihui Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., No. 2, Zhongyu South Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning City, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Guangxi Nanning Baihui Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., No. 2, Zhongyu South Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning City, China
| | - Zhenxia Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Zhongxing Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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Biomimetic metalloporphyrin oxidase modified carbon nanotubes for highly sensitive and stable quantification of anti-oxidants tert-butylhydroquinone in plant oil. Food Chem 2022; 388:132898. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Defect-enhanced electrochemical property of h-BN for Pb 2+ detection. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:40. [PMID: 33442843 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04691-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A new strategy has been developed for the determination of trace lead ions (Pb2+) based on hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) laden with point defect. The defect-laden boron nitride (D-BN) was synthesized by a thermal polymerization route, in which melamine borate was used as a precursor. The defect microstructure was confirmed by photoluminescence (PL) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. As compared with h-BN, the D-BN-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) showed an enhanced electrochemical response towards Pb2+ peaking at - 0.551 V (vs. SCE), which was evidenced by linear sweep anodic stripping voltammetry (LSASV) results. The point defect plays a pivotal role in the electrocatalytic reaction process, which can mediate the electronic structure and surface properties of h-BN. Accordingly, the sensor presented a low detection limit of 0.15 μg/L towards Pb2+ and a wide linear response concentration range from 0.5 to 400 μg/L (correlation coefficient = 0.995). In view of its superior selectivity, stability, and reproducibility, the proposed method was applied for Pb2+ determination in real samples and exhibited satisfactory results. This work provides insight for the construction of electrochemical sensor with high-performance by engineering defects of modifying materials. Defect-loaden h-BN exhibited enhanced electrocatalytic redox reaction towards lead ions and thus a novel Pb2+ sensor with high performances was constructed.
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Shankar S, Gowthaman NSK, Arul P, Chen F, Lim HN, Qin FX. Ultra-sensitive and selective determination of a phenolic food additive using protein capped gold nanoclusters: a dual in-line fluorometric and colorimetric sensing probe. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04712k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The application of red luminescence BSA-AuNCs towards the selective determination of food additive tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) was demonstrated by both fluorometric and colorimetric methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sekar Shankar
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - N. S. K. Gowthaman
- Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory
- Institute of Advanced Technology
- University Putra Malaysia
- 43400 UPM Serdang
- Malaysia
| | - P. Arul
- Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- National Taipei University of Technology
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Feng Chen
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - H. N. Lim
- Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory
- Institute of Advanced Technology
- University Putra Malaysia
- 43400 UPM Serdang
- Malaysia
| | - Feng-Xiang Qin
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
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Kütahya C, Wang P, Li S, Liu S, Li J, Chen Z, Strehmel B. Carbon Dots as a Promising Green Photocatalyst for Free Radical and ATRP-Based Radical Photopolymerization with Blue LEDs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:3166-3171. [PMID: 31724298 PMCID: PMC7027833 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) have been used for the first time as a sensitizer to initiate and activate free radical and controlled radical polymerization, respectively, based on an ATRP protocol with blue LEDs. Consideration of diverse heteroatom-doped CDs indicated that N-doped CDs could serve as an effective photocatalyst and photosensitizer in combination with LEDs emitting either at 405 nm or 470 nm. Free radical polymerization was initiated by combining the CDs with an iodonium or sulfonium salt in tri(propylene glycol) diacrylate. Polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) by photo-induced ATRP was achieved with CDs and ethyl α-bromophenylacetate using CuII as catalyst in the ppm range. The polymers obtained showed temporal control, narrower dispersity ≲1.5, and chain-end fidelity. The first-order kinetics and ON/OFF experiments additionally gave evidence of the constant concentration of polymer radicals. No remarkable cytotoxic activity was observed for the CDs, underlining their biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceren Kütahya
- Niederrhein University of Applied SciencesChemistry DepartmentInstitute for Coatings and Surface ChemistryAdlerstraße 147798KrefeldGermany
| | - Ping Wang
- Northeast Forestry UniversityKey Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationHexing Road 26150040HarbinChina
| | - Shujun Li
- Northeast Forestry UniversityKey Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationHexing Road 26150040HarbinChina
| | - Shouxin Liu
- Northeast Forestry UniversityKey Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationHexing Road 26150040HarbinChina
| | - Jian Li
- Northeast Forestry UniversityKey Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationHexing Road 26150040HarbinChina
| | - Zhijun Chen
- Northeast Forestry UniversityKey Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationHexing Road 26150040HarbinChina
| | - Bernd Strehmel
- Niederrhein University of Applied SciencesChemistry DepartmentInstitute for Coatings and Surface ChemistryAdlerstraße 147798KrefeldGermany
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Kütahya C, Wang P, Li S, Liu S, Li J, Chen Z, Strehmel B. Kohlenstoff‐Nanopunkte als Photokatalysatoren für die freie radikalische und ATRP‐basierte radikalische Photopolymerisation mit blauen LEDs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ceren Kütahya
- Hochschule Niederrhein Fachbereich Chemie Institut für Lacke und Oberflächenchemie Adlerstraße 1 47798 Krefeld Deutschland
| | - Ping Wang
- Northeast Forestry University Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Hexing Road 26 150040 Harbin China
| | - Shujun Li
- Northeast Forestry University Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Hexing Road 26 150040 Harbin China
| | - Shouxin Liu
- Northeast Forestry University Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Hexing Road 26 150040 Harbin China
| | - Jian Li
- Northeast Forestry University Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Hexing Road 26 150040 Harbin China
| | - Zhijun Chen
- Northeast Forestry University Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Hexing Road 26 150040 Harbin China
| | - Bernd Strehmel
- Hochschule Niederrhein Fachbereich Chemie Institut für Lacke und Oberflächenchemie Adlerstraße 1 47798 Krefeld Deutschland
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