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Zhang Y, Liu X, Tian Y, Geng Y, Wang J, Ma M. A ratiometric electrochemical sensing strategy based on the self-assembly of Co NC/CNT and methylene blue for effective detection of the food additive tert-butylhydroquinone. Talanta 2024; 266:125024. [PMID: 37562227 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
It is crucial to achieve accurate and rapid detection of tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) in the field of food safety, for the excessive addition of TBHQ in food is harmful to human health and evil to the environment and aquatic life. Therefore, researchers have done a lot of work on signal amplification through nanomaterials to achieve TBHQ detection, but the conventional single-signal detection strategy results in limited accuracy. In this work, an innovative and facile ratiometric electrochemical sensor for TBHQ detection was built based on advanced nanomaterial complexes carbon nanotube-encapsulated Co/nitrogen-doped carbon (Co NC/CNT) and selected internal reference signal methylene blue (MB) enhancing the accuracy by offering effective self-calibration. A linear relationship between the net peak current ratio between TBHQ and MB (ΔI (TBHQ)/ΔI (MB)) and the TBHQ concentration was obtained under the optimal experimental conditions, with two linear ranges of 0.1-20 μM and 20-100 μM and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.054 μM (S/N = 3). Benefiting from the synergistic effects between Co NC and CNT and the ratiometric sensing strategy, the as-designed sensor for TBHQ detection showcased excellent selectivity, repeatability, reproducibility, stability, and satisfactory applicability in real edible oil samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yujie Tian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanfei Geng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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2
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Mohammed Albayatı SH, Üstündağ Z, Soylu P. A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor for the ultrasensitive detection of tert-butylhydroquinone in edible oils. Anal Biochem 2023; 682:115348. [PMID: 37821036 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) is widely used to increase the stability of food products; however, it is considered to be a highly unsafe preservative ingredient that has caused serious damage to human health. Thus, in this paper, a novel molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor was designed for ultrasensitive, and selective detection of TBHQ in edible oils. The sensor was based on the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) synthesized with multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT), and gold nanoparticle (GNP), as the coating materials, o-phenylenediamine (o-PDA) as the functional monomer, and TBHQ as the template molecule. The electrochemical behavior of MIP/GNP/MWCNT/GCE was studied using several electrochemical methods, which showed a low detection limit of 5 nM. Furthermore the sensor demostrated excellent stability, selectivity, repeatability, and reproducibility. It was successfully used to detect TBHQ in edible oils, with recoveries ranging from 98.44% to 102.09% and relative standard deviations (RSDs) of less than 2.16%, indicating that TBHQ detection in actual samples is both possible and accurate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safaa Hashım Mohammed Albayatı
- Northern Technical University, College of Health and Medical Techniques, Department of Renal Dialysis Techniques, Kirkuk, Iraq
| | - Zafer Üstündağ
- Dumlupınar University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Kütahya, Turkiye
| | - Pervin Soylu
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, 42031, Konya, Turkiye.
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Bas SZ, Cetiner R, Teke D, Ozmen M. A lab-made screen-printed sensing strip for sensitive and selective electrochemical detection of butylated hydroxyanisole. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:1664-1673. [PMID: 36752530 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00060e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the fabrication of a lab-made screen-printed electrode (LabSPE) and its sensing ability for the detection of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) which is a synthetic antioxidant utilized widely in food industries. The lab-made screen-printed electrodes were printed on a polycarbonate substrate stepwise via a screen-printing technique using various inks suitable for electrode templates and then modified for the detection of BHA. As for the design of the sensor, firstly, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was synthesized electrochemically through the one-pot synthesis method. After the synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs), the surface of SPE was modified with the dual composite consisting of g-C3N4 and Fe3O4 NPs. Lastly, platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) were deposited electrochemically on the modified electrode in 0.5 M HCl solution containing 2 mM H2PtCl6 at a constant potential of 0.25 V for 45 s. After optimization of varied parameters such as pH of the electrolyte solution, deposition time, and deposition potential, the current responses of the sensor (Pt/g-C3N4-Fe3O4/LabSPE) toward BHA displayed linearity in the wide concentration range of 0.25 μM to 90 μM with a low detection limit of 0.053 μM. The selectivity of Pt/g-C3N4-Fe3O4/SPE was tested successfully in the presence of other antioxidants (BHT, TBHQ, GA, and PG). Moreover, the applicability of the proposed sensor for practical tests was verified by the detection of BHA in commercial samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salih Zeki Bas
- Department of Chemistry, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Rumeysa Cetiner
- Department of Chemistry, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Deniz Teke
- Department of Chemistry, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Ozmen
- Department of Chemistry, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130, Konya, Turkey.
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Electrochemical strategy based on the synergistic effect of ZIF-8 and MWCNTs for quantitation of tert-butylhydroquinone in oils and fried chips. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Chu H, Sun X, Zha X, Khan SU, Wang Y. Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Detection of Butylated Hydroxy Anisole via Metalloporphyrin Covalent Organic Frameworks Possessing Variable Catalytic Active Sites. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12110975. [PMID: 36354484 PMCID: PMC9688419 DOI: 10.3390/bios12110975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Three novel two-dimensional metalloporphyrin COFs (MPor-COF-366, M = Fe, Mn, Cu) were fabricated by changing the metal atoms in the center of the porphyrin framework. The physicochemical characteristics of MPor-COF-366 (M = Fe, Mn, Cu) composites were fully analyzed by diverse electron microscopy and spectroscopy. Under optimal conditions, experiments on determining butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA) at FePor-COF-366/GCE were conducted using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). It is noted that the FePor-COF-366/GCE sensor showed excellent electrocatalytic performance in the electrochemical detection of BHA, compared with MnPor-COF-366/GCE and CuPor-COF-366/GCE. A linear relationship was obtained for 0.04-1000 μM concentration of BHA, with a low detection limit of 0.015 μM. Additionally, the designed sensor was successfully employed to detect BHA in practical samples, expanding the development of COF-based composites in electrochemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huacong Chu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Xin Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zha
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Shifa Ullah Khan
- The Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Okara, Renala Campus, Punjab 56300, Pakistan
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
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Detection of Synthetic Antioxidants: What Factors Affect the Efficiency in the Chromatographic Analysis and in the Electrochemical Analysis? MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27207137. [PMID: 36296730 PMCID: PMC9611030 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidants are food additives largely employed to inhibit oxidative reactions in foodstuffs rich in oils and fat lipids, extending the shelf life of foodstuffs and inhibiting alterations in color, flavor, smell, and loss of nutritional value. However, various research has demonstrated that the inadequate use of synthetic antioxidants results in environmental and health problems due to the fact that some of these compounds present toxicity, and their presence in the human body, in high concentrations, is related to the development of some cancer types and other diseases. Therefore, the development of analytical methods for identifying and quantifying synthetic antioxidants in foodstuffs is fundamental to quality control and in ensuring consumer food safety. This review describes the recent chromatographic and electrochemical techniques used in the detection of synthetic phenolic antioxidants in foodstuffs, highlighting the main characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of these methods, and specific typical features, which include extraction methods for sample preparation and materials used in the working electrode construction, considering chromatographic and voltammetric methods, since these specific features influence the efficiency in the analysis.
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Teng Y, Li X, Huang W. Electrochemical Determination of Tert-Butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) in Edible Oil by Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) at Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes (SPCEs) with a Three-Dimensional Standard Curved Surface Method. ANAL LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2022.2132508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjie Teng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weihao Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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Tang J, Li J, Liu T, Tang W, Li N, Zheng S, Guo J, Song C. N-Doped TiO2–Carbon Composites Derived from NH2-MIL-125(Ti) for Electrochemical Determination of tert-Butylhydroquinone. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-022-02339-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Numal R, Selcuk O, Kurbanoglu S, Shah A, Siddiq M, Uslu B. Trends In Electrochemical Nanosensors For The Analysis Of Antioxidants. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Ziyatdinova GK, Zhupanova AS, Budnikov HC. Electrochemical Sensors for the Simultaneous Detection of Phenolic Antioxidants. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934822020125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Michalkiewicz S, Skorupa A, Jakubczyk M. Carbon Materials in Electroanalysis of Preservatives: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:7630. [PMID: 34947225 PMCID: PMC8709479 DOI: 10.3390/ma14247630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical sensors in electroanalysis are a particularly useful and relatively simple way to identify electroactive substances. Among the materials used to design sensors, there is a growing interest in different types of carbon. This is mainly due to its non-toxic properties, low cost, good electrical conductivity, wide potential range, and the possibility of using it in both aqueous and nonaqueous media. The electrodes made of carbon, and especially of carbon modified with different materials, are currently most often used in the voltammetric analysis of various compounds, including preservatives. The objective of this paper is to present the characteristics and suitability of different carbon materials for the construction of working electrodes used in the voltammetric analysis. Various carbon materials were considered and briefly discussed. Their analytical application was presented on the example of the preservatives commonly used in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical preparations. It was shown that for the electroanalysis of preservatives, mainly carbon electrodes modified with various modifiers are used. These modifications ensure appropriate selectivity, high sensitivity, low limits of detection and quantification, as well as a wide linearity range of voltammetric methods of their identification and determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slawomir Michalkiewicz
- Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University, PL-25406 Kielce, Poland; (A.S.); (M.J.)
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Nigam P. Concentration dependent debundling and single tube dispersions of pristine multiwalled carbon nanotubes functionalized with double tail phospholipids. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 33:045604. [PMID: 34663770 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac30c3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) exist as aggregates of highly entangled tubes due to large aspect ratios and strong Van der Waals interactions among them in their native states. In order to render them suitable for any application, MWNTs need to be separated and dispersed uniformly in a solvent preferably as individual tubes. In the present work, it is demonstrated that a double tail lipid such as 1, 2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DPPE) is capable of dispersing MWNTs in ethanol. Ultra-stable suspensions were obtained by optimizing two key parameters: DPPE to MWNT weight ratio (ε) and MWNT concentration (c). Stability of the suspensions increased with the increasingεvalue up to an optimum point (ε= 1.8) and then decreased drastically beyond that. CNT dispersions withε= 1.8 were extremely stable (with a Zeta potential of 108.26 ± 2.15 mV) and could be retained in suspended form up to 3 months. Effect of MWNT concentration on disaggregation was very significant and stable suspensions could be formed for MWNT concentrations only below 0.14 mg ml-1. Above this concentration, no stable dispersions could be obtained even withε= 1.8. Compression isotherms of Langmuir monolayers of the DPPE functionalized MWNTs spread at the air water interface were highly repeatable, suggesting that the MWNTs in dispersion were present as separate tubes coated with phospholipids. SEM micrographs of the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films, deposited at high surface pressures on silicon wafers, show that MWNTs remain as single nanotubes with no signs of reaggregation. TEM micrographs of MWNT suspensions indicated random adsorption of DPPE on MWNTs. Our work makes it possible to explore potential applications of LB films of MWNTs (stabilized by DPPE) in the development of conducting thin films for sensor applications or as supports to immobilize catalysts for heterogenous reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Nigam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur-208016, India
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Ziyatdinova GK, Guss EV, Morozova EV, Budnikov HC. An Electrode Based on Electropolymerized Sunset Yellow for the Simultaneous Voltammetric Determination of Chlorogenic and Ferulic Acids. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934821030163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ezhil Vilian AT, Umapathi R, Hwang SK, Lee MJ, Huh YS, Han YK. Simple synthesis of a clew-like tungsten carbide nanocomposite decorated with gold nanoparticles for the ultrasensitive detection of tert-butylhydroquinone. Food Chem 2020; 348:128936. [PMID: 33508604 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The excessive use of food additives in manufactured food products negatively affects their quality and potentially impacts human health. In the present study, a composite consisting of gold nanoparticles decorated on tungsten carbide (AuNP-WC) was successfully fabricated using a facile and cost-effective ultrasonication technique. Compared to a bare glassy carbon electrode (GCE), AuNP-GCE, and WC-GCE, the AuNP-WC-GCE demonstrated excellent sensing performance for tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) when used as an electrocatalyst in 0.05 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS), with a low working potential and a high peak current. In particular, the composite was able to detect the oxidation of TBHQ within a linear concentration range of 5 to 75 nM, with an extremely low detection limit of 0.20 nM. The practicability of the sensor was also assessed in the analysis of TBHQ in real samples of soybean oil, blended oil, and red wine, with satisfactory recovery rates obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Ezhil Vilian
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Reddicherla Umapathi
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Kyu Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ji Lee
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea.
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Fan L, Kan X. Sensitive detection of butylated hydroxyanisole based on free-standing paper decorated with gold and NiO nanoparticles. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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