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Yang X, Lv T, Qiu J. High Mass-Loading Biomass-Based Porous Carbon Electrodes for Supercapacitors: Review and Perspectives. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2300336. [PMID: 36840663 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Biomass-based porous carbon (BPC) with renewability and flexible nano/microstructure tunability has attracted increasing attention as efficient and cheap electrode materials for supercapacitors. To meet commercial needs, high mass-loading electrodes with high areal capacitance are preferred when designing supercapacitors. The increased mass percentage of active materials can effectively improve the energy density of supercapacitors. However, as the thickness of the electrode increases, it will face the following challenges including severely blocked ion transport channels, poor charging dynamics, poor electrode structural stability, and complex preparation processes. A bridge between theoretical research and practical applications of BPC electrodes for supercapacitors needs to be established. In this review, the advances of high mass-loading BPC electrodes for supercapacitors are summarized based on different biomass precursors. The key performance evaluation parameters of the high mass-loading electrodes are analyzed, and the performance influencing factors are systematically discussed, including specific surface area, pore structure, electrical conductivity, and surface functional groups. Subsequently, the promising optimization strategies for high mass-loading electrodes are summarized, including the structure regulation of electrode materials and the optimization of other supercapacitor components. Finally, the major challenges and opportunities of high mass-loading BPC electrodes in the future are discussed and outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Yang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Ting Lv
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jieshan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Key Laboratory for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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Zhang Z, Qing Y, Wang D, Li L, Wu Y. N-Doped Carbon Fibers Derived from Porous Wood Fibers Encapsulated in a Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework as an Electrode Material for Supercapacitors. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073081. [PMID: 37049844 PMCID: PMC10095649 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing highly porous and conductive carbon electrodes is crucial for high-performance electrochemical double-layer capacitors. We provide a method for preparing supercapacitor electrode materials using zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8)-coated wood fibers. The material has high nitrogen (N)-doping content and a specific surface area of 593.52 m2 g-1. When used as a supercapacitor electrode, the composite exhibits a high specific capacitance of 270.74 F g-1, with an excellent capacitance retention rate of 98.4% after 10,000 cycles. The symmetrical supercapacitors (SSCs) with two carbon fiber electrodes (CWFZ2) showed a high power density of 2272.73 W kg-1 (at an energy density of 2.46 W h kg-1) and an energy density of 4.15 Wh kg-1 (at a power density of 113.64 W kg-1). Moreover, the SSCs maintained 81.21% of the initial capacitance after 10,000 cycles at a current density of 10 A g-1, which proves that the SSCs have good cycle stability. The excellent capacitance performance is primarily attributed to the high conductivity and N source provided by the zeolite imidazole framework. Because of this carbon material's unique structural features and N-doping, our obtained CWFZ2 electrode material could be a candidate for high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Efficiency Utilization of Wood and Bamboo Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- Forestry Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yan Qing
- Hunan Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Efficiency Utilization of Wood and Bamboo Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Delong Wang
- Datang Hubei New Energy Division, Huanggang 438000, China
| | - Lei Li
- Hunan Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Efficiency Utilization of Wood and Bamboo Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yiqiang Wu
- Hunan Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Efficiency Utilization of Wood and Bamboo Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
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Zhang Y, Xie L, Li S, Hu Z. Fabrication of multi-purposed supercapacitors based on N-doped porous carbon framework. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
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Xu Q, Wu C, Sun X, Liu H, Yang H, Hu H, Wu M. Flexible electrodes with high areal capacity based on electrospun fiber mats. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:18391-18409. [PMID: 34730603 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05681f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The ever-growing portable, flexible, and wearable devices impose new requirements from power sources. In contrast to gravitational metrics, areal metrics are more reliable performance indicators of energy storage systems for portable and wearable devices. For energy storage devices with high areal metrics, a high mass loading of the active species is generally required, which imposes formidable challenges on the current electrode fabrication technology. In this regard, integrated electrodes made by electrospinning technology have attracted increasing attention due to their high controllability, excellent mechanical strength, and flexibility. In addition, electrospun electrodes avoid the use of current collectors, conductive additives, and polymer binders, which can essentially increase the content of the active species in the electrodes as well as reduce the unnecessary physically contacted interfaces. In this review, the electrospinning technology for fabricating flexible and high areal capacity electrodes is first highlighted by comparing with the typical methods for this purpose. Then, the principles of electrospinning technology and the recent progress of electrospun electrodes with high areal capacity and flexibility are elaborately discussed. Finally, we address the future perspectives for the construction of high areal capacity electrodes using electrospinning technology to meet the increasing demands of flexible energy storage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Institute of New Energy, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
| | - Chenghao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Institute of New Energy, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
| | - Xitong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Institute of New Energy, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
| | - Haiyan Liu
- New Energy Division, ShanDong Energy Group CO., LTD, Zoucheng 273500, China
| | - Hao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Institute of New Energy, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
| | - Han Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Institute of New Energy, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
| | - Mingbo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Institute of New Energy, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
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