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Balawender K, Kłosowicz M, Inglot J, Pliszka A, Wawrzyniak A, Olszewska A, Clarke E, Golberg M, Smędra A, Barszcz K, Żytkowski A. Anatomical variants and clinical significance of atrioventricular bundle of His: A narrative review. TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH IN ANATOMY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tria.2023.100232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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The electrocardiogram characteristics and pacing parameters of permanent left bundle branch pacing: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2021; 63:215-224. [PMID: 34173915 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-021-01000-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent advances in conduction system pacing have led to the use of left bundle branch pacing (LBBP), which has potential advantages over His bundle pacing (HBP). For example, LBBP engages the electrical activation through the left bundle branch, produces ventricular electrical synchrony, and avoids the weakness of HBP such as lead instability, higher threshold, and early battery depletion. This pacing modality has been considered an attractive mode to achieve normal physiological pacing. However, as a new technology, LBBP is still in the stage of clinical exploration and lacks adequate evaluation. This study aims to investigate the electrocardiogram characteristics, pacing parameters, the safety, and the effectiveness of LBBP. METHODS A computerized search of PubMed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library for the effects of LBBP was done. The baseline characteristics of patients, successful rate of implantation, capture threshold, R-wave amplitude, pacing impedance, QRS duration, and follow-up date were extracted and summarized. RESULTS Thirteen studies including 712 patients were included in this analysis. The overall successful rate for implantation was 92.9%. The main indications for LBBP were atrioventricular block (AVB), sinus node dysfunction (SND), atrial fibrillation (AF) with slow ventricular rate, and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) candidates. For patients with QRS duration>120 ms, permanent LBBP resulted in narrower QRS duration compared to that before implantation (P = 0.05). QRS duration and capture threshold of LBBP remained stable during follow-up. Moreover, there was higher R-wave amplitude and lower pacing impedance at follow-up compared to those at implantation (P = 0.01 and P < 0.00001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Permanent LBBP has shown promising results for pacemaker-indicated patients in small observational studies. Good electrical synchronization, high success rates, and stable pacemaker lead parameters suggested significant advantages of LBBP in physiological pacing. Randomized controlled trials are needed to assess the efficacy of LBBP in patients.
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Co ML, Khouzam JP, Pour-Ghaz I, Minhas S, Basu-Ray I. Emerging Technologies in Cardiac Pacing From Leadless Pacers to Stem Cells. Curr Probl Cardiol 2021; 46:100797. [PMID: 33561694 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2021.100797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Modern pacemakers can sense and pace multiple chambers of the heart. These pacemakers have different modes and features to optimize atrioventricular synchrony and promote intrinsic conduction. Despite recent advancements, current pacemakers have several drawbacks that limit their feasibility. In this review article, we discuss several of these limitations and detail several emerging technologies in cardiac pacing aimed to solve some of these limitations. We present several technological advancements in cardiac pacing, including the use of leadless pacemakers, physiologic pacing, battery improvements, and bioartificial pacemakers. More research still needs to be done in testing the safety and efficacy of these new developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lawren Co
- Department of Cardiology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA
| | | | - Issa Pour-Ghaz
- Department of Cardiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Sheharyar Minhas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Baptist Memorial Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Indranill Basu-Ray
- Arrythmia Service, Department of Cardiology, Memphis VA Medical Center, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN.
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Arnold AD, Whinnett ZI, Vijayaraman P. His-Purkinje Conduction System Pacing: State of the Art in 2020. Arrhythm Electrophysiol Rev 2020; 9:136-145. [PMID: 33240509 PMCID: PMC7675135 DOI: 10.15420/aer.2020.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Conduction system pacing involves directly stimulating the specialised His-Purkinje cardiac conduction system with the aim of activating the ventricles physiologically, in contrast to the dyssynchronous activation produced by conventional myocardial pacing. Since the first report of permanent His bundle pacing (HBP) in 2000, the stylet-driven technique of its earliest incarnation has been superseded by a more successful stylet-less approach. Widespread uptake has led to a much greater evidence base. Single-centre observational studies have now been supported by large multicentre, international registries, mechanistic studies and the first randomised controlled trials. New evidence has elucidated mechanisms of HBP and illustrated the nature and magnitude of its potential benefits for preventing pacing-induced cardiomyopathy and correcting bundle branch block. Left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) is a newer technique in which the lead is fixed deep into the left side of the intraventricular septum to allow capture of the left bundle, distal to the His bundle. LBBP holds promise as a method for physiological pacing that overcomes some of the fixation, threshold and sensing challenges of HBP. In this state-of-the-art review of His-Purkinje conduction system pacing, the authors assess recent evidence and current practice and explore emerging and future directions in this rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahran D Arnold
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Pugazhendhi Vijayaraman
- Geisinger Heart Institute, Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, US
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Imnadze G, Vijayaraman P, Bante H, Eitz T, Bergau L, Baridwan N, El Hamriti M, Molatta S, Braun M, Khalaph M, Sohns C, Sommer P. Novel electroanatomical map for permanent his bundle pacing: the Mont Blanc approach - influence of the learning curve and procedural outcome. Europace 2020; 22:1697-1702. [PMID: 32778877 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euaa226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Pacing the specific conduction system like the Bundle of His (HB) can lead to more physiologic activation patterns compared to traditional right ventricular apical pacing. The aim of this study was to estimate the feasibility and value of electroanatomical mapping (EAM) for HB pacing during the learning curve and its impact on procedural outcome. METHODS AND RESULTS Fifteen consecutive patients were treated using EAM of the His bundle region before implantation. Voltage and activation maps of HB potentials were performed. The activation time from His potential to R wave (ECG-reference) was measured and correlated to the HV interval. The atrial and ventricular potentials were blended so the active window could only see the His potential. After completing the activation map, it was transformed into a peak-to-peak voltage map of the HB. With reversed black and white colour scale, the exact point of the maximal His signal amplitude was visualized. Procedural data for the implantation were analysed using this innovative approach. The average total procedural time and fluoroscopy time was 88.2 ± 19.1 min and 10.9 ± 4.5 min, respectively. The 3D mapping time was 18.4 ± 5.1 min. The 13.9 ± 5.1 His potential points were needed in average to complete the map. No periprocedural complications were seen in this cohort. In 86.7% of cases, His bundle pacing was successful. The average threshold for the His bundle stimulation and the R-wave amplitude was 1.62 ± 1 V (@1.0 ms) and 4.8 ± 3.2 mV, respectively. The pacing impedance was 513.5 ± 102.8 Ω. Average paced QRS complex width was 116.9 ± 20.3ms. On average 2.6 ± 1.6 lead positions were targeted to find the optimal pacing site. CONCLUSION Electroanatomical mapping-guided implantation of His-bundle leads can facilitate the identification of optimal pacing sites and allow to minimize procedure and fluoroscopy times even during the phase of the learning curve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guram Imnadze
- Clinic for Electrophysiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.,Arrhythmia Department, Klinikum Osnabrueck, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | | | - Hendrik Bante
- Clinic for Electrophysiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.,Arrhythmia Department, Klinikum Osnabrueck, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Thomas Eitz
- Clinic for Electrophysiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.,Clinic for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Leonard Bergau
- Clinic for Electrophysiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Nafilah Baridwan
- Clinic for Electrophysiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Mustapha El Hamriti
- Clinic for Electrophysiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Stephan Molatta
- Clinic for Electrophysiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Martin Braun
- Clinic for Electrophysiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Moneeb Khalaph
- Clinic for Electrophysiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Christian Sohns
- Clinic for Electrophysiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Philipp Sommer
- Clinic for Electrophysiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
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Nascimento EAD. Intracardiac Conduction Intervals: An Electrophysiological Mirror of the Brazilian Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.36660/ijcs.20200260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Singh R, Devabhaktuni S, Ezzeddine F, Simon J, Khaira K, Dandamudi G. His‐bundle pacing: A novel treatment for left bundle branch block‐mediated cardiomyopathy. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2020; 31:2730-2736. [DOI: 10.1111/jce.14692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Singh
- Department of Cardiology Washington University St. Louis Missouri USA
| | - Subodh Devabhaktuni
- Department of Cardiology University of Arkansas Medical Sciences Little Rock Arkansas USA
| | | | - Joel Simon
- Department of Cardiology Indiana University Health Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | - Kavita Khaira
- Department of Cardiology Indiana University Health Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | - Gopi Dandamudi
- Department of Cardiology CHI Pacific North West Tacoma Washington USA
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Fuentes Rojas SC, Schurmann PA, Rodríguez-Mañero M, Lustgarten D, Valderrábano M. Permanent His-bundle pacing from the right atrium in patients with prosthetic tricuspid valve. HeartRhythm Case Rep 2019; 5:244-246. [PMID: 31193195 PMCID: PMC6520908 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrcr.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul A Schurmann
- Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, Texas
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Huang W, Su L, Wu S. Pacing Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation Patients with Heart Failure: His Bundle Pacing Combined with Atrioventricular Node Ablation. Card Electrophysiol Clin 2018; 10:519-535. [PMID: 30172289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccep.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
As an alternative to antiarrhythmic drugs and catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) for rate and rhythm control, pacing combined with atrioventricular node (AVN) ablation is suitable for many AF patients with heart failure (HF) who suffer from symptoms despite optimal medical therapy or have failed AF ablation. Studies have demonstrated His bundle pacing in conjunction with AVN ablation to treat refractory AF patients with HF provide long-term clinical benefits. Here we introduce the clinical application and procedures of His bundle pacing and AVN ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijian Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang, Wenzhou 325000, China; Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, Nanbaixiang, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Lan Su
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang, Wenzhou 325000, China; Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, Nanbaixiang, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Shengjie Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang, Wenzhou 325000, China; Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, Nanbaixiang, Wenzhou 325000, China
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Abstract
Traditional right ventricular pacing can be associated with adverse remodeling, leading to left ventricular dysfunction, functional mitral regurgitation, left atrial dilatation, as well as atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. His bundle pacing (HBP) has emerged as a viable and reliable alternative to right ventricular pacing. HBP has been around since the 1970s, but remained dormant even after the index clinical study in humans in 2000. However, with recently rejuvenated interest, it appears to be a promising strategy for achieving synchronous ventricular pacing. Multiple studies have now shown that HBP is feasible, safe, and offers better outcomes when compared with right ventricular pacing. It has also emerged as an alternative to biventricular pacing for the provision of cardiac resynchronization therapy. This review gives a systematic appraisal of the history, feasibility, safety, techniques, efficacy, benefits, complications, and challenges, and offers a future perspective, of HBP.
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Shan P, Su L, Zhou X, Wu S, Xu L, Xiao F, Zhou X, Ellenbogen KA, Huang W. Beneficial effects of upgrading to His bundle pacing in chronically paced patients with left ventricular ejection fraction <50%. Heart Rhythm 2018; 15:405-412. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2017.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yu Z, Chen R, Su Y, Chen X, Qin S, Li M, Han F, Ge J. Integrative and quantitive evaluation of the efficacy of his bundle related pacing in comparison with conventional right ventricular pacing: a meta-analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2017; 17:221. [PMID: 28800733 PMCID: PMC5553603 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-017-0649-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long-term RVP could bring adverse problems to cardiac electro-mechanics and result in inter- and intra-ventricular asynchrony, impaired labor force, and aggravation of cardiac function. HBRP including direct His bundle pacing and para-His bundle pacing was regarded as a novel physiological pacing pattern to avoid devastating cardiac function. This synthetic study was conducted to integratively and quantitatively evaluate the efficacy of His bundle related pacing (HBRP) in comparison with conventional right ventricular pacing (RVP). Methods Published studies on comparison of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESV), New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, inter-ventricular asynchrony, and QRS duration, etc. between HBRP and RVP were collected and for meta-analysis. Results HBRP showed higher LVEF (WMD = 3.9%, 95% CI: 1.6% – 6.1%), lower NYHA class (WMD = −0.5, 95% CI: -0.7 – -0.3), WMD of LVESV = −0.1 ml, 95% CI: -3.0 – 2.8 ml), less inter-ventricular asynchrony (WMD = −13.2 ms, 95% CI: -16.4 – -10.0 ms), and shorter QRS duration for long-term (WMD = −36.9 ms, 95% CI: -40.0 – -33.8 ms), however, no significant difference of ventricular volume (WMDLVEDV = −2.4 ml, 95% CI: -5.0 – 0.2 ml; WMDLVESV = −0.1 ml, 95% CI: -3.0 – 2.8 ml) compared to RVP. Conclusions The efficacy of HBRP was firstly verified by meta-analysis to date. Compared with RVP, HBRP markedly preserve LVEF, NYHA class, and QRS duration. However, it seemed to have less effect on ventricular volume. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12872-017-0649-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruizhen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Ministry of Public Health, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yangang Su
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xueying Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengmei Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghui Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Ministry of Public Health, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
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