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Colard J, Jubeau M, Crouzier M, Duclay J, Cattagni T. Effect of muscle length on the modulation of H-reflex and inhibitory mechanisms of Ia afferent discharges during passive muscle lengthening. J Neurophysiol 2024; 132:890-905. [PMID: 39015079 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00142.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of activated Ia afferents to discharge α-motoneurons is decreased during passive muscle lengthening compared with static and shortening muscle conditions. Evidence suggests that these regulations are explained by 1) greater postactivation depression induced by homosynaptic postactivation depression (HPAD) and 2) primary afferent depolarization (PAD). It remains uncertain whether muscle length impacts the muscle lengthening-related aspect of regulation of the effectiveness of activated Ia afferents to discharge α-motoneurons, HPAD, PAD, and heteronymous Ia facilitation (HF). We conducted a study involving 15 healthy young individuals. We recorded conditioned or nonconditioned soleus Hoffmann (H) reflex with electromyography (EMG) to estimate the effectiveness of activated Ia afferents to discharge α-motoneurons, HPAD, PAD, and HF during passive shortening, static, and lengthening muscle conditions at short, intermediate, and long lengths. Our results show that the decrease of effectiveness of activated Ia afferents to discharge α-motoneurons and increase of postactivation depression during passive muscle lengthening occur at all muscle lengths. For PAD and HF, we found that longer muscle length increases the magnitude of regulation related to muscle lengthening. To conclude, our findings support an inhibitory effect (resulting from increased postactivation depression) of muscle lengthening and longer muscle length on the effectiveness of activated Ia afferents to discharge α-motoneurons. The increase in postactivation depression associated with muscle lengthening can be attributed to the amplification of Ia afferents discharge.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Original results are that in response to passive muscle lengthening and increased muscle length, inhibition of the effectiveness of activated Ia afferents to discharge α-motoneurons increases, with primary afferent depolarization and homosynaptic postactivation depression mechanisms playing central roles in this regulatory process. Our findings highlight for the first time a cumulative inhibitory effect of muscle lengthening and increased muscle length on the effectiveness of activated Ia afferents to discharge α-motoneurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Colard
- Movement-Interactions-Performance (MIP), UR-4334, Nantes Université, Nantes, UR-4334, France
| | - Marc Jubeau
- Movement-Interactions-Performance (MIP), UR-4334, Nantes Université, Nantes, UR-4334, France
| | - Marion Crouzier
- Movement-Interactions-Performance (MIP), UR-4334, Nantes Université, Nantes, UR-4334, France
| | - Julien Duclay
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Thomas Cattagni
- Movement-Interactions-Performance (MIP), UR-4334, Nantes Université, Nantes, UR-4334, France
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Crotty ED, Furlong LAM, Harrison AJ. Reliability of mechanical properties of the plantar flexor muscle tendon unit with consideration to joint angle and sex. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287431. [PMID: 37352329 PMCID: PMC10289375 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The reliability of mechanical measures can be impacted by the protocol used, including factors such as joint angle and the sex of participants. This study aimed to determine the inter-day reliability of plantar flexor mechanical measures across ankle joint angles and contraction types and consider potential sex-specific effects. 14 physically-active individuals participated in two identical measurement sessions involving involuntary and voluntary plantar flexor contractions, at three ankle angles (10° plantarflexion (PF), 0° (anatomical zero (AZ)), and 10° dorsiflexion (DF)), while torque and surface EMG were recorded. The reliability of mechanical parameters of maximal voluntary torque (MVT), rate of torque development (RTD), electromechanical delay, and tendon stiffness were assessed using absolute and relative reliability measures. MVT measures were reliable across ankle angles. RTD measures showed good group level reliability and moderate reliability for an individual during the early phase of contraction across ankle angles. Explosive voluntary torque measures tended to be less reliable from 50 ms onward, with varied reliability across angles for late-phase RTD. Tendon stiffness demonstrated the best reliability at the DF angle. Sex-based differences in the reliability of tendon measures found that females had significantly different initial tendon length between testing sessions. Despite this, tendon excursion, force, and stiffness measures demonstrated similar reliability compared to males. Ankle angle changes influence the reliability of plantar flexor mechanical measurements across contraction types, particularly for voluntary contractions. These results highlight the importance of establishing potential protocol effects on measurement reliability prior to quantifying plantar flexor mechanical measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan D. Crotty
- Sport and Human Performance Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Laura-Anne M. Furlong
- Sport and Human Performance Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Andrew J. Harrison
- Sport and Human Performance Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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Batista-Ferreira L, Rabelo NF, da Cruz GM, Costa JNDA, Elias LA, Mezzarane RA. Effects of voluntary contraction on the soleus H-reflex of different amplitudes in healthy young adults and in the elderly. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:1039242. [PMID: 36590063 PMCID: PMC9797586 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.1039242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of H-reflex studies used a moderate steady voluntary contraction in an attempt to keep the motoneuron pool excitability relatively constant. However, it is not clear whether the voluntary muscle activation itself represents a confounding factor for the elderly, as a few ongoing mechanisms of reflex modulation might be compromised. Further, it is well-known that the amount of either inhibition or facilitation from a given conditioning depends on the size of the test H-reflex. The present study aimed at evaluating the effects of voluntary contraction over a wide range of reflex amplitudes. A significant reflex facilitation during an isometric voluntary contraction of the soleus muscle (15% of the maximal voluntary isometric contraction-MVC) was found for both young adults and the elderly (p < 0.05), regardless of their test reflex amplitudes (considering the ascending limb of the H-reflex recruitment curve-RC). No significant difference was detected in the level of reflex facilitation between groups for all the amplitude parameters extracted from the RC. Simulations with a computational model of the motoneuron pool driven by stationary descending commands yielded qualitatively similar amount of reflex facilitation, as compared to human experiments. Both the experimental and modeling results suggest that possible age-related differences in spinal cord mechanisms do not significantly influence the reflex modulation during a moderate voluntary muscle activation. Therefore, a background voluntary contraction of the ankle extensors (e.g., similar to the one necessary to maintain upright stance) can be used in experiments designed to compare the RCs of both populations. Finally, in an attempt to elucidate the controversy around changes in the direct motor response (M-wave) during contraction, the maximum M-wave (Mmax) was compared between groups and conditions. It was found that the Mmax significantly increases (p < 0.05) during contraction and decreases (p < 0.05) with age arguably due to muscle fiber shortening and motoneuron loss, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandra Batista-Ferreira
- Laboratory of Signal Processing and Motor Control, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Natielle Ferreira Rabelo
- Neural Engineering Research Laboratory, Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil,Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Menezes da Cruz
- Laboratory of Signal Processing and Motor Control, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Leonardo Abdala Elias
- Neural Engineering Research Laboratory, Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil,Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rinaldo André Mezzarane
- Laboratory of Signal Processing and Motor Control, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, Goiás, Brazil,Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, University of Brasília, Brasília, Goiás, Brazil,*Correspondence: Rinaldo André Mezzarane,
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Hu N, Avela J, Kidgell DJ, Nevanperä S, Walker S, Piirainen JM. Reliability of transcranial magnetic stimulation and H-reflex measurement during balance perturbation tasks. Front Physiol 2022; 13:957650. [PMID: 36311220 PMCID: PMC9614306 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.957650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Following ankle movement, posterior balance perturbation evokes short- (SLR ∼30–50 ms), medium- (MLR ∼50–60 ms), and long-latency responses (LLR ∼70–90 ms) in soleus muscle before voluntary muscle contraction. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and Hoffmann-reflex (H-reflex) measurements can provide insight into the contributions of corticospinal and spinal mechanisms to each response. Motor evoked potential (MEP) and H-reflex responses have shown good reliability in some dynamic muscle contraction tasks. However, it is still unclear how reliable these methods are in dynamic balance perturbation and corticospinal modulation during long amplitude balance perturbation tasks. 14 subjects completed two test sessions in this study to evaluate the reliability of MEPs, H-reflex, and corticospinal modulation during balance perturbation. In each session, the balance perturbation system operated at 0.25 m/s, accelerating at 2.5 m/s2 over 0.3 m displacement. MEPs and H-reflexes were elicited in the right leg soleus muscle at four delays after ankle movement (10 ms, 40 ms, 80 ms, and 140 ms), respectively. Test-retest reliability of MEP and H-reflex amplitudes were assessed via intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) both between- and within-session. Between-session test-retest reliability for MEPs was excellent (ICC = 0.928–0.947), while H-reflex demonstrated moderate-to-good reliability (ICC = 0.626–0.887). Within-session reliability for both MEPs and H-reflex was excellent (ICC = 0.927–0.983). TMS and H-reflex measurements were reliable at different delays after perturbation between- and within-sessions, which indicated that these methods can be used to measure corticospinal excitability during balance perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nijia Hu
- NeuroMuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- *Correspondence: Nijia Hu,
| | - Janne Avela
- NeuroMuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Dawson J. Kidgell
- School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Department of Physiotherapy, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Samuli Nevanperä
- NeuroMuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Simon Walker
- NeuroMuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jarmo M. Piirainen
- NeuroMuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Sanderson A, Wang SF, Elgueta-Cancino E, Martinez-Valdes E, Sanchis-Sanchez E, Liew B, Falla D. The effect of experimental and clinical musculoskeletal pain on spinal and supraspinal projections to motoneurons and motor unit properties in humans: A systematic review. Eur J Pain 2021; 25:1668-1701. [PMID: 33964047 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Numerous studies have examined the influence of pain on spinal reflex excitability, motor unit behaviour and corticospinal excitability. Nevertheless, there are inconsistencies in the conclusions made. This systematic review sought to understand the effect of pain on spinal and supraspinal projections to motoneurons and motor unit properties by examining the influence of clinical or experimental pain on the following three domains: H-reflex, corticospinal excitability and motor unit properties. DATABASES AND DATA TREATMENT MeSH terms and preselected keywords relating to the H-reflex, motor evoked potentials and motor unit decomposition in chronic and experimental pain were used to perform a systematic literature search using Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE), Web of Science, Medline, Google Scholar and Scopus databases. Two independent reviewers screened papers for inclusion and assessed the methodological quality using a modified Downs and Black risk of bias tool; a narrative synthesis and three meta-analyses were performed. RESULTS Sixty-one studies were included, and 17 different outcome variables were assessed across the three domains. Both experimental and clinical pain have no major influence on measures of the H-reflex, whereas experimental and clinical pain appeared to have differing effects on corticospinal excitability. Experimental pain consistently reduced motor unit discharge rate, a finding which was not consistent with data obtained from patients. The results indicate that when in tonic pain, induced via experimental pain models, inhibitory effects on motoneuron behaviour were evident. However, in chronic clinical pain populations, more varied responses were evident likely reflecting individual adaptations to chronic symptoms. SIGNIFICANCE This is a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis which synthesizes evidence on the influence of pain on spinal and supraspinal projections to motoneurons and motor unit properties considering measures of the H-reflex, corticospinal excitability and motor unit behaviour. The H-reflex is largely not influenced by the presence of either clinical or experimental pain. Whilst inhibitory effects on corticospinal excitability and motor unit behaviour were evident under experimental pain conditions, more variable responses were observed for people with painful musculoskeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Sanderson
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Shuwfen F Wang
- Graduate Institute and School of Physical Therapy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Edith Elgueta-Cancino
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Eduardo Martinez-Valdes
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Enrique Sanchis-Sanchez
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Bernard Liew
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Deborah Falla
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Honguten A, Mekhora K, Pichaiyongwongdee S, Somprasong S. Effects of lymphatic drainage therapy on autonomic nervous system responses in healthy subjects: A single blind randomized controlled trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2021; 27:169-175. [PMID: 34391230 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine effects of lymphatic drainage therapy (LDT) on autonomic nervous system (ANS) responses by comparing including Hoffmann reflex (H reflex), heart rate variability (HRV), salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) and muscle tone (via straight leg raise (SLR)) in healthy participants. METHODS A single blind randomized controlled trial evaluating sixty-six healthy participants including 58 females and 8 males aged between 40 and 65 years. All participants were blinded and randomized to either experimental group (EXP: LDT) or control group (CT: rest). LDT was applied to participants 45 min in experimental group. The LDT is light movement applied by an experienced physical therapist, starting from neck, deep abdomen, and along to the leg. While for the control group, participants received 45 min supine on the treatment table. Tests for evaluating ANS such as Hoffmann reflex (H reflex), heart rate variability (HRV), salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) and straight leg raise (SLR) were assessed at pre and post intervention. RESULTS The findings demonstrated that H reflex decreased significantly after applying LDT; within and between groups (p < 0.05). Whereas, it increased significantly in control group. First tension (R1) indicated by participants during SLR significantly improved within both groups. However, there were no significant differences of HRV and sAA in either LDT or control groups. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that LDT decreased autonomic activity via decreased spinal reflex excitability and tension in healthy participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agsipa Honguten
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
| | - Keerin Mekhora
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
| | - Sopa Pichaiyongwongdee
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
| | - Sirikarn Somprasong
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
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CHEN YS, TSENG WC, CHEN CH, LU YX. Moderate kinesio taping stretch tension produced good inter-day reliability of dorsiflexion joint position sense measurement. GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE 2021. [DOI: 10.23736/s0393-3660.19.04173-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Reliability of the Soleus H-Reflex in Different Sitting Postures. Med Sci (Basel) 2020; 8:medsci8040048. [PMID: 33255729 PMCID: PMC7712283 DOI: 10.3390/medsci8040048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Soleus (SOL) Hoffmann reflex (H-reflex) is commonly recorded in sitting position. However, the reliability of recording is unknown. We assessed the reliability of SOL H-reflex amplitude measurements across multiple traces and sessions during erect, slumped, and slouched sitting postures using the generalizability theory. Five traces of the SOL H-reflex maximum amplitude (Hmax) were recorded from 10 healthy participants during erect, slumped, and slouched sitting postures in two sessions. A decision study analysis was then conducted to calculate the reliability coefficients of the Hmax for five traces and two sessions and to mathematically calculate the coefficients for seven and ten traces, and one and three sessions in the three sitting postures. For five traces and two sessions, the results showed reliability coefficients between 0.970 and 0.971, 0.980 and 0.979, and equal to 0.943 for erect, slumped, and slouched sitting, respectively. Averaging five traces of the Hmax in a single recording session was sufficient to obtain acceptable reliability in the three sitting postures (reliability range, 0.892–0.988). It was concluded that the SOL Hmax can be recorded during erect, slumped, and slouched sitting postures with adequate reliability.
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Bonouvrié LA, Becher JG, Vles JSH, Vermeulen RJ, Buizer AI. The Effect of Intrathecal Baclofen in Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy: The IDYS Trial. Ann Neurol 2019; 86:79-90. [PMID: 31050023 PMCID: PMC6617761 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective Intrathecal baclofen treatment is used for the treatment of dystonia in patients with severe dyskinetic cerebral palsy; however, the current level of evidence for the effect is low. The primary aim of this study was to provide evidence for the effect of intrathecal baclofen treatment on individual goals in patients with severe dyskinetic cerebral palsy. Methods This multicenter, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial was performed at 2 university medical centers in the Netherlands. Patients with severe dyskinetic cerebral palsy (Gross Motor Functioning Classification System level IV–V) aged 4 to 24 years who were eligible for intrathecal baclofen were included. Patients were assigned by block randomization (2:2) for treatment with intrathecal baclofen or placebo for 3 months via an implanted microinfusion pump. The primary outcome was goal attainment scaling of individual treatment goals (GAS T score). A linear regression model was used for statistical analysis with study site as a covariate. Safety analyses were done for number and type of (serious) adverse events. Results Thirty‐six patients were recruited from January 1, 2013, to March 31, 2018. Data for final analysis were available for 17 patients in the intrathecal baclofen group and 16 in the placebo group. Mean (standard deviation) GAS T score at 3 months was 38.9 (13.2) for intrathecal baclofen and 21.0 (4.6) for placebo (regression coefficient = 17.8, 95% confidence interval = 10.4‐25.0, p < 0.001). Number and types of (serious) adverse events were similar between groups. Interpretation Intrathecal baclofen treatment is superior to placebo in achieving treatment goals in patients with severe dyskinetic cerebral palsy. ANN NEUROL 2019
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Bonouvrié
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Free University Amsterdam, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jules G Becher
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Free University Amsterdam, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johan S H Vles
- Maastricht University Medical Center, Department of Child Neurology, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - R Jeroen Vermeulen
- Maastricht University Medical Center, Department of Child Neurology, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam University Medical Center, Free University Amsterdam, Department of Child Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annemieke I Buizer
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Free University Amsterdam, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Piponnier E, Ratel S, François B, Garcia-Vicencio S, Martin V. Assessment of the H-reflex using two synchronized magnetic stimulators in order to increase stimulus durations: A comparison with electrical stimulation. Neurosci Lett 2018; 675:89-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Merlet AN, Cattagni T, Cornu C, Jubeau M. Effect of knee angle on neuromuscular assessment of plantar flexor muscles: A reliability study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195220. [PMID: 29596480 PMCID: PMC5875874 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to determine the intra- and inter-session reliability of neuromuscular assessment of plantar flexor (PF) muscles at three knee angles. METHODS Twelve young adults were tested for three knee angles (90°, 30° and 0°) and at three time points separated by 1 hour (intra-session) and 7 days (inter-session). Electrical (H reflex, M wave) and mechanical (evoked and maximal voluntary torque, activation level) parameters were measured on the PF muscles. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and coefficients of variation were calculated to determine intra- and inter-session reliability. RESULTS The mechanical measurements presented excellent (ICC>0.75) intra- and inter-session reliabilities regardless of the knee angle considered. The reliability of electrical measurements was better for the 90° knee angle compared to the 0° and 30° angles. CONCLUSIONS Changes in the knee angle may influence the reliability of neuromuscular assessments, which indicates the importance of considering the knee angle to collect consistent outcomes on the PF muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angèle N. Merlet
- Laboratory Movement, Interactions, Performance, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Thomas Cattagni
- Laboratory Movement, Interactions, Performance, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
- Inserm Unit 1179, Team 3: Technologies and Innovative Therapies Applied to Neuromuscular diseases, UVSQ. CIC 805, Physiology-Functional Testing Ward, AP-HP, Raymond Poincaré Teaching Hospital, Garches, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Christophe Cornu
- Laboratory Movement, Interactions, Performance, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Marc Jubeau
- Laboratory Movement, Interactions, Performance, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
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Reliability of the twitch evoked skeletal muscle electromechanical efficiency: A ratio between tensiomyogram and M-wave amplitudes. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2017; 37:108-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Modulation of H-Reflex Depression with Paired-Pulse Stimulation in Healthy Active Humans. Rehabil Res Pract 2017; 2017:5107097. [PMID: 29225972 PMCID: PMC5684600 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5107097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression of the Hoffman reflex (H-reflex) is used to examine spinal control mechanisms during exercise, fatigue, and vibration and in response to training. H-reflex depression protocols frequently use trains of stimuli; this is time-consuming and prevents instantaneous assessment of motor neuronal excitability. The purpose of this study was to determine if paired-pulse H-reflex depression is reproducible and whether paired-pulse stimulation adequately estimates the depression induced by the more traditional ten-pulse train. H-reflexes were elicited via ten-pulse trains at 0.1, 0.2, 1, 2, and 5 Hz in ten neurologically intact individuals on two separate days. We measured the depression elicited by the second pulse (H2) and the mean depression elicited by pulses 2–10 (Hmean). H2 was consistent at all frequencies on both days (r2 = 0.97, p < 0.05, and ICC(3,1) = 0.81). H2 did not differ from Hmean (p > 0.05). The results indicate that paired-pulse H-reflex depression has high between-day reliability and yields depression estimates that are comparable to those obtained via ten-pulse trains. Paired-pulse H-reflex depression may be especially useful for studies that require rapid assessment of motor neuronal excitability, such as during exercise, fatigue, and vibration, or to establish recovery curves following inhibition.
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Miramonti AA, Jenkins NDM, Oza PD, Weir JP, Cramer JT. Mechanomyographic responses during recruitment curves in the soleus muscle. Muscle Nerve 2017; 56:107-116. [PMID: 27718510 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study we examined relationships among mechanomyographic (MMG), electromyographic (EMG), and peak twitch torque (PTT) responses as well as test-retest reliability when recorded during recruitment curves in the soleus muscle. METHODS PTT, EMG (M-wave, H-reflex), and MMG responses were recorded during recruitment curves in 16 subjects (age 24 ± 2 years) on 2 separate days. The sum of the M-wave and H-reflex (M+H) was calculated. Correlations among variables and test-retest reliability were determined. RESULTS MMG was correlated with PTT (mean r = 0.93, range r = 0.59-0.99), the M-wave (0.95, 0.04-0.98), and M+H (0.91, 0.42-0.97), but was unrelated to the H-reflex (-0.06, -0.56 to 0.47). Reliability was consistently high among most variables, but normalizing to the maximum value improved MMG reliability and the minimum detectable change. CONCLUSION MMG responses predicted 86%-90% of the variability in PTT, M-wave, and M+H; thus, MMG may be a useful alternative for estimating twitch torque and maximal activation. Muscle Nerve 56: 107-116, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia A Miramonti
- Department of Nutrition and Health Science, University of Nebraska, 211 Ruth Leverton Hall, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68583-0806, USA
| | - Nathaniel D M Jenkins
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Preeti D Oza
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California, USA
| | - Joseph P Weir
- Department of Health, Sport, and Exercise Sciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Joel T Cramer
- Department of Nutrition and Health Science, University of Nebraska, 211 Ruth Leverton Hall, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68583-0806, USA
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Gray WA, Sabatier MJ, Kesar TM, Borich MR. Establishing between-session reliability of TMS-conditioned soleus H-reflexes. Neurosci Lett 2017; 640:47-52. [PMID: 28093306 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the primary motor cortex (M1) can be used to evaluate descending corticomotor influences on spinal reflex excitability through modulation of the Hoffman reflex (H-reflex). The purpose of this study was to characterize between-session reliability of cortical, spinal, and cortical-conditioned spinal excitability measures collected from the soleus muscle. Thirteen able-bodied young adult participants were tested over four sessions. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated to quantify between-session reliability of active motor threshold (AMT), unconditioned H-reflexes (expressed as a percentage of Mmax), and conditioned H-reflexes using short-latency facilitation (SLF) and long-latency facilitation (LLF). Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to assess associations between H-reflex facilitation and unconditioned H-reflex amplitude. Between-session reliability for SLF (ICC=0.71) was higher than for LLF (ICC=0.45), was excellent for AMT (ICC=0.95), and was moderate for unconditioned H-reflexes (ICC=0.63). Our results suggest moderate-to-good reliability of SLF and LLF to evaluate cortical influences on spinal reflex excitability across multiple testing sessions in able-bodied individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Gray
- Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University,1441 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - M J Sabatier
- Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University,1441 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - T M Kesar
- Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University,1441 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - M R Borich
- Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University,1441 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
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Rozand V, Grosprêtre S, Stapley PJ, Lepers R. Assessment of Neuromuscular Function Using Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation. J Vis Exp 2015. [PMID: 26436986 DOI: 10.3791/52974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is a non-invasive method commonly used to evaluate neuromuscular function from brain to muscle (supra-spinal, spinal and peripheral levels). The present protocol describes how this method can be used to stimulate the posterior tibial nerve that activates plantar flexor muscles. Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation consists of inducing an electrical stimulus to a motor nerve to evoke a muscular response. Direct (M-wave) and/or indirect (H-reflex) electrophysiological responses can be recorded at rest using surface electromyography. Mechanical (twitch torque) responses can be quantified with a force/torque ergometer. M-wave and twitch torque reflect neuromuscular transmission and excitation-contraction coupling, whereas H-reflex provides an index of spinal excitability. EMG activity and mechanical (superimposed twitch) responses can also be recorded during maximal voluntary contractions to evaluate voluntary activation level. Percutaneous nerve stimulation provides an assessment of neuromuscular function in humans, and is highly beneficial especially for studies evaluating neuromuscular plasticity following acute (fatigue) or chronic (training/detraining) exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vianney Rozand
- INSERM U1093, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté;
| | - Sidney Grosprêtre
- INSERM U1093, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté
| | - Paul J Stapley
- Neural Control of Movement Laboratory, School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong
| | - Romuald Lepers
- INSERM U1093, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté
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Asmussen MJ, Zapallow CM, Jacobs MF, Lee KGH, Tsang P, Nelson AJ. Modulation of short-latency afferent inhibition depends on digit and task-relevance. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104807. [PMID: 25118700 PMCID: PMC4132120 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI) occurs when a single transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) pulse delivered over the primary motor cortex is preceded by peripheral electrical nerve stimulation at a short inter-stimulus interval (∼ 20-28 ms). SAI has been extensively examined at rest, but few studies have examined how this circuit functions in the context of performing a motor task and if this circuit may contribute to surround inhibition. The present study investigated SAI in a muscle involved versus uninvolved in a motor task and specifically during three pre-movement phases; two movement preparation phases between a "warning" and "go" cue and one movement initiation phase between a "go" cue and EMG onset. SAI was tested in the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) and abductor digiti minimi (ADM) muscles in twelve individuals. In a second experiment, the origin of SAI modulation was investigated by measuring H-reflex amplitudes from FDI and ADM during the motor task. The data indicate that changes in SAI occurred predominantly in the movement initiation phase during which SAI modulation depended on the specific digit involved. Specifically, the greatest reduction in SAI occurred when FDI was involved in the task. In contrast, these effects were not present in ADM. Changes in SAI were primarily mediated via supraspinal mechanisms during movement preparation, while both supraspinal and spinal mechanisms contributed to SAI reduction during movement initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark F. Jacobs
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Kevin G. H. Lee
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Philemon Tsang
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Aimee J. Nelson
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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Reliability of H-reflex in vastus lateralis and vastus medialis muscles during passive and active isometric conditions. Eur J Appl Physiol 2014; 114:2509-19. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-014-2969-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Tallent J, Goodall S, Hortobágyi T, St Clair Gibson A, French DN, Howatson G. Repeatability of corticospinal and spinal measures during lengthening and shortening contractions in the human tibialis anterior muscle. PLoS One 2012; 7:e35930. [PMID: 22563418 PMCID: PMC3338551 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Elements of the human central nervous system (CNS) constantly oscillate. In addition, there are also methodological factors and changes in muscle mechanics during dynamic muscle contractions that threaten the stability and consistency of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and perpherial nerve stimulation (PNS) measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Tallent
- School of Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart Goodall
- School of Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Tibor Hortobágyi
- University Medical Center of Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alan St Clair Gibson
- School of Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan N. French
- School of Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Glyn Howatson
- School of Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
- Centre for Aquatic Research, University of Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
- * E-mail:
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Grosprêtre S, Martin A. H reflex and spinal excitability: methodological considerations. J Neurophysiol 2012; 107:1649-54. [PMID: 22190624 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00611.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hoffmann reflex has been the tool most commonly used in exercise studies to investigate modulations in spinal excitability. However, the evolution of electromyographic responses with the increase in stimulation intensity has rarely been assessed when the muscle is active. The purpose of this study was thus to identify that part of the recruitment curve at which the investigation of the Hoffmann reflex is the most reliable in assessing spinal excitability during muscle contraction. Two recruitment curves were determined from the soleus and the medialis gastrocnemius, in passive and active (50% of maximal isometric voluntary contraction) conditions. No differences were found between the H reflexes in the two conditions in the ascending part of the recruitment curves, while the intensity necessary to elicit the same percentage of maximal H wave was different in the descending part of the curve, up to the maximal M wave. We concluded that during motor tasks, changes in spinal excitability should be assessed by recording H responses in the ascending part of the curve, where modulations do not depend either on the background electrical activity of the muscle tested or on methodological considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidney Grosprêtre
- INSERM U887, Faculté des sciences du sport, BP 27 877, Dijon, France
| | - Alain Martin
- INSERM U887, Faculté des sciences du sport, BP 27 877, Dijon, France
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Bibliography Current World Literature. CURRENT ORTHOPAEDIC PRACTICE 2011. [DOI: 10.1097/bco.0b013e318239a4eb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Effect of 12 Weeks of Tai Chi Training on Soleus Hoffmann Reflex and Control of Static Posture in Older Adults. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2011; 92:886-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2010.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2010] [Revised: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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