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Wu H, Wu Z, Li P, Cong Q, Chen R, Xu W, Biswas S, Liu H, Xia X, Li S, Hu W, Zhang Z, Habib SL, Zhang L, Zou J, Zhang H, Zhang W, Li B. Bone Size and Quality Regulation: Concerted Actions of mTOR in Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Osteoclasts. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 8:1600-1616. [PMID: 28479301 PMCID: PMC5469920 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The bone size and quality, acquired during adolescent growth under the influence of anabolic hormones, growth factors, and nutrients, determine the height and bone stability and forecast osteoporosis risks in late life. Yet bone size and quality control mechanisms remain enigmatic. To study the roles of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, sensor of growth factors and nutrients, in bone size and quality regulation, we ablated Tsc1, a suppressor of mTOR, in mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), monocytes, or their progenies osteoblasts and osteoclasts. mTOR activation in MSCs, but much less in osteoblasts, increased bone width and mass due to MSC hyperproliferation, but decreased bone length and mineral contents due to defective MSC differentiation. mTOR activation promotes bone mineral accretion by inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and activity directly or via coupling with MSCs. Tuberous sclerosis complex patient studies confirmed these findings. Thus, mTOR regulates bone size via MSCs and bone quality by suppressing catabolic activities of osteoclasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongguang Wu
- Bio-X-Renji Hospital Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bio-X Institutes, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhixiang Wu
- Bio-X-Renji Hospital Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bio-X Institutes, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bio-X Institutes, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qian Cong
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bio-X Institutes, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Rongrong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Wenrui Xu
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Soma Biswas
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bio-X Institutes, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Bio-X-Renji Hospital Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bio-X Institutes, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xuechun Xia
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bio-X Institutes, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Research Unit, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated with Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Weiwei Hu
- Research Unit, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated with Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Zhenlin Zhang
- Research Unit, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated with Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Samy L Habib
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Lingli Zhang
- Scientific Research Department, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jun Zou
- Scientific Research Department, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Hongbing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Weihong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Baojie Li
- Bio-X-Renji Hospital Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bio-X Institutes, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Scientific Research Department, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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