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Carnevale C, Finzi G, Pederzoli A, Turrini E, Volta M, Guariso G, Gianfreda R, Maffeis G, Pisoni E, Thunis P, Markl-Hummel L, Blond N, Clappier A, Dujardin V, Weber C, Perron G. Exploring trade-offs between air pollutants through an Integrated Assessment Model. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 481:7-16. [PMID: 24572927 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
When designing air pollution reduction policies, regional decision makers face a limited budget to choose the most efficient measures which will have impacts on several pollutants in different ways. RIAT+ is a regional integrated assessment tool that supports the policy maker in this selection of the optimal emission reduction technologies, to improve air quality at minimum costs. In this paper, this tool is formalized and applied to the specific case of a French region (Alsace), to illustrate how focusing on one single pollutant may exacerbate problems related to other pollutants, on top of conflicts related to budget allocation. In our case, results are shown for possible trade-offs between NO2 and O3 control policies. The paper suggests an approach to prioritize policy maker objectives when planning air pollution policies at regional scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Carnevale
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Giovanna Finzi
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Anna Pederzoli
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Enrico Turrini
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Volta
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Guariso
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo Di Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Enrico Pisoni
- European Commission - Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Via E. Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy.
| | - Philippe Thunis
- European Commission - Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Via E. Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Lioba Markl-Hummel
- Laboratoire Image Ville Environnement, UMR7362, CNRS, 3, rue de l'Argonne, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; ASPA, 5, rue de Madrid, F-67300 Schiltigheim, France
| | - Nadège Blond
- Laboratoire Image Ville Environnement, UMR7362, CNRS, 3, rue de l'Argonne, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Alain Clappier
- Laboratoire Image Ville Environnement, UMR7362, University of Strasbourg, 3, rue de l'Argonne, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent Dujardin
- Laboratoire Image Ville Environnement, UMR7362, CNRS, 3, rue de l'Argonne, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; Laboratoire Image Ville Environnement, UMR7362, University of Strasbourg, 3, rue de l'Argonne, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Christiane Weber
- Laboratoire Image Ville Environnement, UMR7362, CNRS, 3, rue de l'Argonne, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Gilles Perron
- ASPA, 5, rue de Madrid, F-67300 Schiltigheim, France
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Vlachokostas C, Michailidou AV, Spyridi D, Moussiopoulos N. Bridging the gap between traffic generated health stressors in urban areas: predicting xylene levels in EU cities. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2013; 180:251-258. [PMID: 23792385 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Many citizens live, work, commute, or visit traffic intensive spaces and are exposed to high levels of chemical health stressors. However, urban conurbations worldwide present monitoring "shortage" - due to economical and/or practical constraints - for toxic stressors such as xylene isomers, which can pose human health risks. This "shortage" may be covered by the establishment of associations between rarely monitored substances such as xylenes and more frequently monitored (i.e. benzene) or usually monitored (i.e. CO). Regression analysis is used and strong statistical relationships are detected. The adopted models are applied to EU cities and comparison between measurements and predictions depicts their representativeness. The analysis provides transferability insights in an effort to bridge the gap between traffic-related stressors. Strong associations between substances of the air pollution mixture may be influential to interpret the complexity of the causal chain, especially if a synergetic exposure assessment in traffic intensive spaces is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ch Vlachokostas
- Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Environmental Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Box 483, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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