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Ferreira MF, Turner A, Payet M, Grisolia C, Malard V, Moore MN, Jha AN. Bioaccumulation and biological effects of hydrogenated cement particles in the marine bivalve, Mytilusgalloprovincialis. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142243. [PMID: 38759810 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
The decommissioning and normal functioning of nuclear facilities can result in the production and release of airborne particles in the environment. Aquatic biota are expected to be exposed to these particles considering that nuclear facilities are often located near water bodies. Aerosols, such as cement dust, can interact with radionuclides as well as with heavy metals, and therefore elicit not only radiological impacts but also chemical toxicity. In the present study, we aimed to determine the effects of hydrogenated cement particles (HCPs) as a first step before evaluating any radiotoxicity of tritiated cement particles in the marine mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis. Responses at different levels of biological organisation were assessed, including clearance rate (CR), tissue specific accumulation, DNA damage and transcriptional expression of key stress related genes. Acute (5 h) and medium-term, chronic (11 d) exposures to 1000 μg L-1 HCPs showed that bioaccumulation, assessed using Cu as a proxy and determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, was time and tissue dependent. The highest levels of Cu were found in the digestive gland (DG) after 11 d. HCP exposure caused changes in the expression of oxidative and other stress-related genes, including mt20 in DG and gst and sod in the gill after 5 h exposure, while an overexpression of hsp70 in the gill was observed after 11 d. Genotoxic effects in haemocytes were observed after 11 d of HCP exposure. Multivariate analysis indicated that oxidative stress is the most probable factor contributing to overall physiological dysfunction. Our results provide a baseline to perform further studies employing tritiated cement particles. Specifically, future work should focus on the DG since only this tissue showed significant bioaccumulation when compared to the negative control.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Florencia Ferreira
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Turner
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Veronique Malard
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Michael N Moore
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom; European Centre for Environment & Human Health (ECEHH), University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Cornwall, TR1 3LJ, United Kingdom; Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, The Hoe, Plymouth, PL1 3DH, United Kingdom
| | - Awadhesh N Jha
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom.
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Kim JH, Lee DH, Mendoza JA, Lee MY. Applying machine learning random forest (RF) method in predicting the cement products with a co-processing of input materials: Optimizing the hyperparameters. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 248:118300. [PMID: 38281562 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Co-processing recycled waste during cement production, i.e., using alternative materials such as secondary raw materials or secondary raw fuels, is widely practiced in developed countries. Alternative raw materials or fuels contain high concentrations of heavy metals and other hazardous chemicals, which might lead to the potential for dangerous heavy metals and hazardous chemicals to be transferred to clinker or cement products, resulting in exposure and emissions to people or the environment. Managing input materials and predicting which inputs affect the final concentration is essential to prevent potential hazards. We used the data of six heavy metals by input raw materials and input fuels of cement manufacturers in 2016-2017. The concentrations of Pb and Cu in cement were about 10-200 times and 4 to 200 times higher than other heavy metals (Cr, As, Cd, Hg), respectively. We profiled the influence of heavy metal concentration of each input material using the principal component analysis (PCA), which analyzed the leading causes of each heavy metal. The Random Forest (RF) ensemble model predicted cement heavy metal concentrations according to input materials. In the case of Cu, Cd, and Cr, the training performance showed R square values of 0.71, 0.71, and 0.92, respectively, as a result of predicting the cement heavy metal concentration according to the heavy metal concentration of each cement input material using the RF model, which is a machine learning model. The results of this study show that the RF model can be used to predict the amount and concentration of alternative raw materials and alternative fuels by controlling the concentration of heavy metals in cement through the concentration of heavy metals in the input materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hwi Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Joseph Albert Mendoza
- School of Chemical, Biological, Materials Engineering, and Sciences, Mapua University, 658 Muralla Street, Intramuros, Manila, 1002, Philippines
| | - Min-Yong Lee
- Division of Chemical Research, National Institute of Environmental Research, Seogu, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Li B, Guo X, Zhang X, Leng S, Ma N, Wu X. A new strategy to stabilize the heavy metals in carbonized MSWI-fly ash using an acid-resistant oligomeric dithiocarbamate chelator. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 467:133686. [PMID: 38359762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Fly ash (FA) derived from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) requires safe handling before landfilling due to its extremely high salt content and the risk of leaching heavy metals (HMs) under acidic conditions. Herein, aimed at improving the acid stability of dithiocarbamates, a cost-effective oligomeric dithiocarbamate (ODTC) was developed to stabilize HMs from carbonated MSWI-FA. Spiking of 3.6 wt% ODTC reduced the HM leaching below landfill standards in China, even across the pH range of 2.0-13.0 or 8-week exposure to the natural environment. Stabilization decreased the acid-soluble/exchangeable fractions of Cd, Pb, and Zn from 22.2%, 4.49%, and 21.9% to 0.14%, 0.11%, and 12.2%, respectively, resulting in safe levels for Pb and Cd with risk assessments. Compared to DDTC and SDD, ODTC exhibited higher stability under acidic conditions after chelation with the HMs, minimized the risk of HM leaching, and significantly reduced stabilization costs. In-depth studies proved that the stabilization mechanism involved the ability of ODTC to chelate HMs strongly and form acid-resistant ODTC-HM complexes, agglomeration of the MSWI-FA grains to encapsulate the ODTC-HM complexes, transformations of the HMs from acid-soluble species to stable oxidizable and residual species, and specifically ODTC reducing high-valent Pb to more stable Pb(II) species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xuejun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Xiangyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Siwen Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Na Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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Abd-Elgawad A, Cai R, Hellal A, Eltabakh M, Guo H, Mohamed F H, Xu C, Abou-Zaid M. Implementing a transformative approach to the coral reefs' recovery phase. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 879:163038. [PMID: 37003322 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Mitigation and rehabilitation are responses to climate change and human misuse. However, many regions worldwide still lose coral reefs even after implementing these responses. We chose Hurghada city, on the Red Sea, and Weizhou island, on the South China Sea, as sample regions to assess their various modes of coral community structure loss against the combined climatic and human impact drivers that led to this shift. Despite the former being considered a regional coral refuge, while the latter was limited, both regions have previously intervened with coral restoration. We found that even after three decades of impact cessation by forcing laws, most coral reef states are still declining (about a third and a half in both cities), have not harnessed the existing crowded larval density, and are unrecovered. Such findings imply that the combined impacts will persist, necessitating a broad connectivity analysis that enables a suitable intervention (hybrid solutions hypothesis). Each state of coral categories was connected to certain combined stressor factors using our broad connectivity analysis to grasp the extent and relative contribution of coral community shift since our data obtained from comparable sites were widely varied. Moreover, destructive emerged changes have transformed the coral community structure under the forced adaptation scenario of the community structure, boosting those who can resist at the expense of others. To prove our hypothesis, we used the connectivity findings in determining the optimal technique and spots for coral rehabilitation around the two cities. We then compared our findings with the outcomes of two other existing adjacent restoration projects related to other endeavors. Our hybrid approach harvested coral larvae that had been wasted in both cities. Thus, hybrid solutions are globally required for such cases, and proper early interventions are needed to maintain the genotype power to boost coral adaptability throw global ecological settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amro Abd-Elgawad
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, PR China; Tourism Developing Authority, Central Administration for Environmental Affairs, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Rongshuo Cai
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, PR China.
| | - Ahmed Hellal
- Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science, Marine Biology & Ichthyology Branch, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Eltabakh
- Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science, Marine Biology & Ichthyology Branch, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Haixia Guo
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Hala Mohamed F
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, PR China; Al-Azhar University (Girls Branch), Faculty of Science, Botany & Microbiology Department, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Changan Xu
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Mohamed Abou-Zaid
- Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science, Marine Biology & Ichthyology Branch, Cairo, Egypt
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Vallini J, Willson V, Fernández Luco L, Saralegui AB, Boeykens SP, Piol MN. Demolition waste for adsorption of metals: A step towards the circular economy. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 342:118200. [PMID: 37301024 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The proposal of effluent treatment systems, based on circular economy principles, is a great challenge that leads to the reduction of waste from other activities, thus reducing the environmental and economic cost of the global process. In this work, buildings demolition waste is proposed to be used for metals removal from industrial effluents. To validate these hypotheses, tests were carried out on batch reactors using Copper, Nickel, and Zinc solutions, in concentrations between 8 and 16 mM. As results, removals greater than 90% were obtained. With these preliminary outcomes, it was decided to use equimolar multicomponent solutions with 8 and 16 mM of these metals in a column packed with demolition waste as adsorbent. From the breakthrough curves, it was observed that the adsorption occurs in the order Copper > Nickel > Zinc. The columns' saturated filler could be safely disposed of by incorporating it into conventional or special mortars and concrete. Preliminary studies on the leaching and resistance of mortars prepared with exhausted adsorbents are also promising. It is concluded that these materials emerge as an economic and sustainable alternative for metal contaminants removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Vallini
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto de Química Aplicada a la Ingeniería (IQAI), Laboratorio de Química de Sistemas Heterogéneos (LaQuíSiHe), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Victoria Willson
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto de Química Aplicada a la Ingeniería (IQAI), Laboratorio de Química de Sistemas Heterogéneos (LaQuíSiHe), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luis Fernández Luco
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ingeniería, Laboratorio de Materiales y Estructuras (LaME), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea B Saralegui
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto de Química Aplicada a la Ingeniería (IQAI), Laboratorio de Química de Sistemas Heterogéneos (LaQuíSiHe), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Susana P Boeykens
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto de Química Aplicada a la Ingeniería (IQAI), Laboratorio de Química de Sistemas Heterogéneos (LaQuíSiHe), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Natalia Piol
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto de Química Aplicada a la Ingeniería (IQAI), Laboratorio de Química de Sistemas Heterogéneos (LaQuíSiHe), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Mizerna K, Król A. The importance of time and other determinants in the assessment of heavy metals release during solid waste management. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1651. [PMID: 36717603 PMCID: PMC9886896 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28926-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the parameters affecting the leachability of heavy metals from waste is their contact time with the leachant. In this paper, the leaching behaviour of Zn, Cu, Pb and Ni was evaluated in relation to the liquid to solid ratio (L/S), which is a reflection of time after which a certain volume of water permeates the material, e.g. in slag heaps or landfills. A leaching study was carried out by different leaching methods with using three test materials, i.e. hazardous zinc slag, lump copper slag and mineral-organic composite. It was found that the highest amount of metals leached in the long term in the maximum availability test, under the following leaching conditions: L/S = 50 dm3/kg, reduced pH of the leachant, fragmentation of the materials to particle size < 0.125 mm. Comparing the results obtained in the batch test and the percolation test, no strict trend was observed in the release of a given metal from different test materials. The analysis using the tank test showed that processes controlling leachability can result in the release of the highest metal loads immediately after contact between the material and the leachant, but can also contribute to the release of metals only after prolonged contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Mizerna
- grid.440608.e0000 0000 9187 132XFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Opole University of Technology, Mikołajczyka Str. 5, 45-271 Opole, Poland
| | - Anna Król
- grid.440608.e0000 0000 9187 132XFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Opole University of Technology, Mikołajczyka Str. 5, 45-271 Opole, Poland
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7
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Analytical chemistry in technical approaches: immobilization of biosorbent waste containing heavy metals in cemented materials. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-022-02963-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAn ecologically safe and economically justified method of stabilization of the used biosorbents was developed. Sorbent contaminated with heavy metals has been successfully solidified/stabilized using a hydraulic binder. The test results indicated that up to 1% of the biosorbent residue used could be added without compromising the compressive strength of the mortar. The compressive strength of the modified mortars did not change significantly even after 20 freeze/thaw cycles. The analytical methods such as Flame Atomization-Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, Graphite Furnace-Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, and Cold Vapor-Atomic Absorption Spectrometry were utilized to examine the leaching behavior of selected heavy metals during harsh condition exposure. The leachability of selected heavy metals was found to be below the limit allowed by the US EPA after immersion and agitation for 10 days in artificial water solutions (seawater, groundwater, and rainwater). X-Ray Diffraction and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller data showed no significant changes in the crystalline structure and surface area of the modified mortars after treatment. Research showed that mixing the adsorbent used with mortar was effective in immobilizing heavy metals and allowed the implementation of a so-called ‘zero waste’ management method.
Graphical abstract
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Tanabe LK, Scott K, Dasari V, Berumen ML. An assessment of heavy metals in green sea turtle ( Chelonia mydas) hatchlings from Saudi Arabia's largest rookery, Ras Baridi. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13928. [PMID: 36032942 PMCID: PMC9415434 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Anthropogenic sources can lead to the accumulation of heavy metals in marine organisms through ingestion, absorption, or inhalation. For sea turtle embryos, heavy metals can be absorbed into the egg from the incubation environment or be maternally transferred to the offspring causing neurological, reproductive, and developmental problems. Here, we report heavy metal concentrations in green turtle hatchlings from the largest rookery on the Red Sea, Ras Baridi. Methods Deceased hatchlings were collected from two beaches near a cement factory at Ras Baridi, from which heavy metal concentrations (chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), selenium (Se), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb)) were measured from the liver, muscle, and residual yolk of the hatchlings. Results Although based on a small sample of hatchlings, the data presented here provides the first measurements of heavy metals from sea turtles in the Red Sea and highlights the link between human activity and its impact on the ecology of sea turtles. In general, the heavy metal concentrations of heavy metals were not significantly different between the beach next to the cement factory and the beach downwind from the factory. However, the concentrations of heavy metals were significantly different between sampled tissues (liver, muscle, and residual yolk). Discussion This study provides insight into current heavy metal levels in green turtle hatchlings, which can be used as bio-indicators for environmental contaminants as coastal development increases in the Red Sea. Moreover, we found a lack of standardized methodology to evaluate heavy metals in hatchling sea turtles. Future efforts should work toward creating comparable techniques for long-term heavy metal monitoring, as this is a useful determinant of anthropogenic pollution.
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Liu Q, Wang X, Gao M, Guan Y, Wu C, Wang Q, Rao Y, Liu S. Heavy metal leaching behaviour and long-term environmental risk assessment of cement-solidified municipal solid waste incineration fly ash in sanitary landfill. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 300:134571. [PMID: 35413369 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cement solidification is a commonly used pre-treatment method for municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWIFA) prior to sanitary landfill. However, the long-term environmental risk of cement-solidified MSWIFA blocks in the exposed scenario of zoning sanitary landfill remains unclear. In this study, the leaching characteristics of different heavy metals in cement-solidified MSWIFA blocks under deionized water and acid rain scenarios were firstly investigated. The leaching control mechanisms of heavy metals were also explored and applied to established mechanical models for the estimation of long-term environmental risk. Results revealed that Pb leaching from cement-solidified MSWIFA blocks was controlled by diffusion; Cu, Cr and As leaching was mainly controlled by surface wash-off and diffusion; and Ni leaching was mainly controlled by diffusion and dissolution. Additionally, the established bulk diffusion, first-order reaction/diffusion and diffusion/dissolution models could accurately fit the abovementioned three types of heavy metals with different leaching control mechanisms (R2 > 0.95). Under acid rain scenarios, according to the prediction results of the calibrated models, the cumulative leaching amount of Pb in 718 d was higher than the limit in GB16889-2008, the cumulative leaching amount of Cu, Cr, As and Ni did not exceed the limit in GB 16889-2008 even in 50 years. Therefore, the long-term environmental risk was relatively high for Pb but was low for Cu, Cr, As and Ni in cement-solidified MSWIFA blocks. This finding could be attributed to the strong alkali environment of cement-solidified MSWIFA blocks (pH > 12) that induced Pb salts (e.g. Pb(OH)2 and PbSO4) dissolution. Therefore, the removal of partially soluble Pb salts from freshly made cement-solidified MSWIFA blocks by water or natural rainwater (e.g. without final cover system) washing in the initial landfilling stage (e.g. the leachate drainage system remains functional) is an effective countermeasure to reduce the environmental risks in zoning sanitary landfill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Liu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaona Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yanyan Guan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chuanfu Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 10083, China.
| | - Qunhui Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 10083, China
| | - Yi Rao
- Chengdu Xingrong Renewable Energy Co. Ltd., Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture Graduate School, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
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Ebert BAR, Kirkelund GM. Effects of Chlorides and Sulphates on Heavy Metal Leaching from Mortar with Raw and Electrodialytically Treated MSWI Fly Ash. WASTE AND BIOMASS VALORIZATION 2022; 13:2673-2688. [PMID: 35035628 PMCID: PMC8748181 DOI: 10.1007/s12649-022-01686-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash could be used as supplementary cementitious material in cement-based materials. However, heavy metal leaching, such as Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn, both from the MSWI fly ash and cement-based materials containing MSWI fly ash, remains a persistent obstacle. Here, an up-scaled electrodialytic treatment was used as a pre-treatment to remove heavy metals from MSWI fly ash before using the fly ash in mortar. Mortar samples with 10 wt% replacement of cement with either raw or elecrtodialytically treated MSWI fly ash were subjected to monolithic (in-use scenario) and crushed mortar (end-of-life scenario) leaching tests. The environmental conditions (e.g., exposure to chlorides or sulfates) at the surface of cement-based materials can affect leaching. Acidified H2O, NaCl or Na2SO4 solutions were, therefore, used for the leaching tests. Up to 80% heavy metal removal by the up-scaled electrodialytic pre-treatment was feasible. Regulatory limits for disposing of the MSWI fly ash in non-hazardous waste landfills were exceeded, even if the electrodialytic treatment removed heavy metals. However, leaching from monolithic mortar samples complied with the regulatory limits, while Cr leaching exceeded the regulatory limits for all crushed mortar samples when using NaCl or Na2SO4. Both NaCl and Na2SO4 generally increased the heavy metal leaching yield from fly ash and mortar compared to leaching with acidified H2O. The results of the study suggest that environmental conditions should be taken into account when assessing leaching from cement-based materials with MSWI fly ash.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A. R. Ebert
- Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Brovej, Building 118, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Gunvor M. Kirkelund
- Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Brovej, Building 118, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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11
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Effects of Contact Time and Flow Configuration on the Acid Mine Drainage Remediation Capabilities of Pervious Concrete. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su131910847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper investigates the Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) remediation capabilities of pozzolanic pervious concrete Permeable Reactive Barriers (PRBs) with a specific focus on the effects of flow configuration and contact time on the remediation efficiency. Raw AMD was collected from an abandoned coal mine. Two flow configurations, gravity flow and column flow, were tested at a laboratory scale with gradually increasing contact times. The gravity flow configuration with two orders of magnitude less liquid-concrete contact time achieved AMD treated water quality equivalent to the high retention column flow configuration. Concentrations of iron, aluminium, sulphate, magnesium and sodium were reduced by more than 99%, 80%, 17%, 22% and 20%, respectively, at the tested limits while calcium and potassium concentrations were increased by up to 16% and 300%, respectively. The study findings indicate that the lifecycle costs of pervious concrete PRBs can be significantly reduced when the PRBs are operated under gravity flow.
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12
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Huang Y, Liu J, Yang L, Li X, Hu G, Wang G, Sun G, Li Z. Fate of Lead and Cadmium in Precalciner Cement Plants and Their Atmospheric Releases. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:21265-21275. [PMID: 34471731 PMCID: PMC8387992 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Disclosing the fate of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) during the cement production process is the key to control their atmospheric emissions, which have not attracted much attention yet. In this study, three precalciner cement plants (CPs) using different raw materials in Guizhou Province in Southwest China were investigated. It showed that the concentrations of Pb and Cd in different raw materials and the associated total metal input of these materials were different among CPs; the behavior of Pb and Cd were almost the same during the clinker production process that there has been no accumulation of these two elements inside the system, and nearly all input of Pb and Cd were discharged by the clinker. Although the temperature of clinkerization was pretty high of 1450 °C, the atmospheric emission ratio of both metals was negligible (<0.006% for Pb and <0.002% for Cd of the total output, respectively); the main reason might be that the two elements were incorporated into the minerals of clinker, either as silicate or sulfate. The long-term environmental impacts of some high Pb-and Cd-laden clinkers and cement need to be monitored and evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Huang
- School
of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- School
of Resources and Environment, Zunyi Normal
College, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Jinling Liu
- School
of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lu Yang
- School
of Resources and Environment, Zunyi Normal
College, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guojia Hu
- School
of Resources and Environment, Zunyi Normal
College, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Guan Wang
- School
of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- School
of Resources and Environment, Zunyi Normal
College, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Guangyi Sun
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhonggen Li
- School
of Resources and Environment, Zunyi Normal
College, Zunyi 563006, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
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13
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Augustyniak A, Jablonska J, Cendrowski K, Głowacka A, Stephan D, Mijowska E, Sikora P. Investigating the release of ZnO nanoparticles from cement mortars on microbiological models. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-01695-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIncorporating zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) into cement mortars may provide additional functions, e.g., self-cleaning and antibacterial or electroconductive ability. However, these NPs are also known for their potential toxicity. During the life cycle of a cement mortar, various abrasive forces cause the release of admixtures to the natural environment. The effect of the released NPs on model microorganisms has not been extensively studied. Previous studies have shown that nanomaterials may affect various microorganisms’ physiological responses, including changes in metabolic activity, biofilming, or growth rate. In this study, we have focused on evaluating the response of model microorganisms, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans, towards ZnO nanoparticles released from cement mortars in different deterioration scenarios. The addition of ZnO nanoparticles to cement mortars had a noticeable effect on impeding the strength development. We have also detected that depending on the deterioration scenario, the release of ZnO nanoparticles was varied. Our studies have also shown that even though the release of nanoform ZnO could be limited by poor dispersion or the used filtration technique, the eluates have caused slight but statistically significant changes in the physiological features of studied microorganisms showing relatively low toxicity.
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Mitchell K, Moreno-Jimenez E, Jones R, Zheng L, Trakal L, Hough R, Beesley L. Mobility of arsenic, chromium and copper arising from soil application of stabilised aggregates made from contaminated wood ash. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 393:122479. [PMID: 32369890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Stabilized cementitious aggregates AG were produced from wood ashes containing ∼10,000 mg kg-1 As, Cr and Cu, then amended to two agricultural pasture soils. Metal(loid) leaching (column tests), mobility (pore water extracts) and uptake to ryegrass was determined, comparing raw ashes with aggregates. Risk modeling was applied to selected data to inform wider discussion of the experimental results. Under rapid leaching (7 h) AG 2 (pre-strengthened with CO2) outperformed AG 1 in suppressing soluble metal(loid) removal. During prolonged leaching (12d) both aggregates were susceptible to mild dissolution/release of metal(loid)s upon acidification. Pore water sampled from the pot test indicated that Cr was generally most mobile, As least so, reduced furthest by AG 2. Risk modelling, based on pot experimental data, demonstrated soil specific accumulation of As in beef muscle and milk, being furthest reduced (compared to the raw ash addition) by AG 2 in soil A, but increased in soil B by the same treatment. The results of this study indicate that a reduction in soluble As, Cr and Cu can be achieved through cementitious aggregation of wood ashes, though the extent is metal(loid) specific when amended to soils. Pre-testing under local soil conditions before field application would be required to ensure that metal(loid) mobility remained suppressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rod Jones
- Concrete Technology Unit, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Li Zheng
- Concrete Technology Unit, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Lukas Trakal
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha, 165 00, Suchdol, Czech Republic
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15
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Mahey S, Kumar R, Sharma M, Kumar V, Bhardwaj R. A critical review on toxicity of cobalt and its bioremediation strategies. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-3020-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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16
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Yang Y, Zhao T, Jiao H, Wang Y, Li H. Potential Effect of Porosity Evolution of Cemented Paste Backfill on Selective Solidification of Heavy Metal Ions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17030814. [PMID: 32012968 PMCID: PMC7037339 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cemented paste backfill (CPB) is a common environmentally friendly mining approach. However, it remains undetermined whether CPB pollutes underground mine water. Tank leaching analysis of a CPB mass in distilled water was performed for 120 d, and water quality was tested in situ for a long-term pollution assessment. Computerized tomography was also used to determine the CPB micro-pore structure and ion-leaching mechanism. The dissolved Zn2+, Pb2+ and As5+ concentrations in the leachate peaked at 0.56, 0.11 and 0.066 mg/L, respectively, whereas the Co2+ and Cd2+ concentrations were lower than the detection limit. The CPB porosity decreased from 46.07% to 40.88% by soaking, and 80% of the pore diameters were less than 13.81 μm. The permeability decreased from 0.8 to 0.5 cm/s, and the quantity, length, and diameter of the permeate channels decreased with soaking. An in-situ survey showed novel selective solidification. The Zn2+ concentration in the mine water was 10-20 times that of the background water, and the Pb2+ concentration was 2-4 times the regulated value. Although the Pb2+ content decreased significantly with mining depth, there remains a serious environmental risk. Mine water pollution can be reduced by adding a solidifying agent for Pb2+ and Zn2+, during CPB preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Yang
- Institute of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China; (Y.Y.); (T.Z.)
| | - Tongqian Zhao
- Institute of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China; (Y.Y.); (T.Z.)
| | - Huazhe Jiao
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Henan Province for Underground Space Development and Disaster Prevention, School of Civil Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China;
- Correspondence:
| | - Yunfei Wang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Henan Province for Underground Space Development and Disaster Prevention, School of Civil Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China;
| | - Haiyan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China;
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17
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Estokova A, Palascakova L, Kanuchova M. Study on Cr(VI) Leaching from Cement and Cement Composites. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E824. [PMID: 29690550 PMCID: PMC5923866 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15040824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports an experimental study on hexavalent chromium leaching from cement samples and cement composites containing silica fume and zeolite additions that were subjected to various leaching agents. The water-soluble Cr(VI) concentrations in cements ranged from 0.2 to 3.2 mg/kg and represented only 1.8% of the total chromium content. The presence of chromium compounds with both chromium oxidation states of III and VI was detected in the cement samples by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Leaching tests were performed in a Britton-Robinson buffer to simulate natural conditions and showed increased dissolution of Cr(VI) up to 6 mg/kg. The highest amount of leached hexavalent chromium was detected after leaching in HCl. The findings revealed that the leaching of chromium from cements was higher by 55⁻80% than that from the cement composites. A minimum concentration was observed for all cement samples when studying the relationship between the soluble Cr(VI) and the cement storage time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Estokova
- Department of Material Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Kosice, Vysokoskolska 4, Kosice 04200, Slovakia.
| | - Lenka Palascakova
- Department of Material Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Kosice, Vysokoskolska 4, Kosice 04200, Slovakia.
| | - Maria Kanuchova
- Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnology, Institute of Montaneous Sciences and Environmental Protection, Technical University of Kosice, Park Komenskeho 19, Kosice 04384, Slovakia.
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18
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Yang Z, Tian S, Liu L, Wang X, Zhang Z. Application of washed MSWI fly ash in cement composites: long-term environmental impacts. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:12127-12138. [PMID: 29455349 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-1181-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, long-term environmental impacts of compact and ground cement composites, in which 30 wt.% of cement was replaced by washed municipal solid wastes incineration (MSWI) fly ash, were investigated for use in building industry. Consecutive leaching tests over a time span of 180 days were performed in acid water, deionized water, and saline water, respectively, with the accumulative concentration of different elements determined in the leachate. Different leaching behaviors are observed among different potential toxic elements (PTEs). For instance, higher concentrations of V in the leachate were observed from the compact cement composites than those from the ground ones. The concentration of Ba in the leachate increased with the decrease of particle size of the cement composites, and an initial increase in the leaching efficiency of Sn was followed by a clear decline with the leaching time. In addition, kinetic study revealed that the leaching behaviors of potential toxic elements follow a second-order model. The results demonstrated that the addition of washed MSWI fly ash into cement can contribute to the attrition resistance, indicating that the washed MSWI fly ash could be a promising alternative for cement as supplementary building materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhou Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Utilization and Management and Department of Energy and Resource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Sicong Tian
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
- Department of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Lili Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Utilization and Management and Department of Energy and Resource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Xidong Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Utilization and Management and Department of Energy and Resource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuotai Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China.
- The Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Shabalala AN, Ekolu SO, Diop S, Solomon F. Pervious concrete reactive barrier for removal of heavy metals from acid mine drainage - column study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 323:641-653. [PMID: 28340907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a column study conducted to investigate the potential use of pervious concrete as a reactive barrier for treatment of water impacted by mine waste. The study was done using acid mine drainage (AMD) collected from a gold mine (WZ) and a coalfield (TDB). Pervious concrete mixtures consisting of Portland cement CEM I 52.5R with or without 30% fly ash (FA) were prepared at a water-cementitious ratio of 0.27 then used to make cubes which were employed in the reactor columns. It was found that the removal efficiency levels of Al, Fe, Mn, Co and Ni were 75%, 98%, 99%, 94% and 95% for WZ; 87%, 96%, 99%, 98% and 90% for TDB, respectively. The high rate of acid reduction and metal removal by pervious concrete is attributed to dissolution of portlandite which is a typical constituent of concrete. The dominant reaction product in all four columns was gypsum, which also contributed to some removal of sulphate from AMD. Formation of gypsum, goethite, and Glauber's salt were identified. Precipitation of metal hydroxides seems to be the dominant metal removal mechanism. Use of pervious concrete offers a promising alternative treatment method for polluted or acidic mine water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayanda N Shabalala
- University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa.
| | - Stephen O Ekolu
- University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
| | - Souleymane Diop
- Council for Geoscience, Private bag x112, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Fitsum Solomon
- University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
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