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Tan W, Chen Q, Wang R, Wang Z, Zhang H, Wu Y. Research on the on-line determination of formaldehyde gas by the gas-liquid phase chemiluminescence method. RSC Adv 2022; 12:23956-23962. [PMID: 36093228 PMCID: PMC9400167 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03175b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the gas-liquid phase chemiluminescence tester independently developed by our laboratory, a highly sensitive, fast and accurate on-line detection method of formaldehyde gas in ambient atmosphere is established. The chemiluminescence system and the trace formaldehyde gas in the air directly undergo an interface heterogeneous chemiluminescence reaction to obtain a strong chemiluminescence signal. Through the measurement of the chemiluminescence signal intensity, a highly sensitive, real-time and on-line method for the determination of formaldehyde in the air was established. Factors influencing the experimental results such as gallic acid, potassium dichromate, reaction medium concentration, surfactant type and concentration, pump speed, tube length, and interfering gas were discussed based on the single factor and orthogonal analysis results. Finally, the optimal detection conditions were collected, and the detection results were compared with the national standard phenol reagent method. The results show that when the concentration of the standard formaldehyde gas is in the range of 0-0.582 μg L-1, the linear equation of this method is y = 208x + 29.667, the linear coefficient is R 2 = 0.997, and the minimum detection concentration of formaldehyde is 2.327 × 10-3 μg L-1. Under the same external conditions, the comparison and analysis using the national standard phenol reagent method proved that this method has the advantages of fast detection speed, low detection limit, good sensitivity, and accurate results, which can be used for real-time and online determination of trace formaldehyde in ambient air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Tan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong 643000 China
- Key Laboratories of Fine Chemicals and Surfactants in Sichuan Provincial Universities Zigong 643000 China
| | - Qi Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong 643000 China
| | - Rong Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong 643000 China
| | - Zhuqing Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong 643000 China
| | - Huan Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong 643000 China
| | - Yuran Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong 643000 China
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Ganesh KAB, Durairaj K, Narasimhan G, Periyathambi K. Computer aided pharmacokinetic profiling and toxicity analysis of naphthalene. Bioinformation 2021; 17:80-85. [PMID: 34393422 PMCID: PMC8340709 DOI: 10.6026/97320630017080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Naphthalene is an aromatic hydrocarbon used as room freshner. Therefore, it is of interest to document the computer aided pharmacokinetic profiling and toxicity analysis data of naphthalene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksv Angu Bala Ganesh
- Research Fellow, Department of Anatomy, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, SRIHER-DU, Porur, Chennai-116,Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kesavi Durairaj
- Professor, Department of Anatomy, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, SRIHER-DU, Porur,Chennai-116, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gopinathan Narasimhan
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, SRIHER-DU, Porur,Chennai-116, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kalaivani Periyathambi
- Research Scientist, Centre for Toxicology and Developmental Research (CEFTE), SRIHER-DU, Porur,Chennai-116, Tamil Nadu, India
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Zhang T, Ma B, Tan H, Liu X, Chen P, Luo Z. Effect of TIPA on mechanical properties and hydration properties of cement-lithium slag system. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 276:111274. [PMID: 32911386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Effect of triisopropanolamine (TIPA) on compressive strength and hydration properties of cement-lithium slag (LS, 30%) paste was studied. The results demonstrated that the addition of TIPA is advantageous for compressive strength at 7 d, 28 d and 60 d. The reason was related to the pore complexity and hydration process of cement and LS. TIPA reduced the total porosity, and increased the fractal dimension, making the pore structure more complicated. In addition, TIPA promoted the pozzolanic reaction of LS and the hydration of cement, expediting the formation of C-S(A)-H gel. TIPA accelerated the dissolution of aluminate ions, silicate ions and ferric ions in the pore solution, thereby accelerating the pozzolanic reaction of LS. During the hydration of cement-LS paste, TIPA facilitated the conversion of ettringite to the AFm-like phase and produced more C-A-S-H gel by promoting the dissolution of aluminate ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Baoguo Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hongbo Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Xiaohai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Pian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhongtao Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
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Liu H, Zhang Y, Liu J, Feng Z, Kong S. Comparative Study on Chloride Binding Capacity of Cement-Fly Ash System and Cement-Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag System with Diethanol-Isopropanolamine. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13184103. [PMID: 32947793 PMCID: PMC7560300 DOI: 10.3390/ma13184103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Steel bar corrosion caused by chloride was one of the main forms of concrete deterioration. The promotion of chloride binding capacity of cementitious materials would hinder the chloride transport to the surface of steel bar, thereby alleviating the corrosion and mitigating the deterioration. A comparative study on binding capacity of chloride in cement-fly ash system (C-FA) and cement-ground granulated blast furnace slag system (C-GGBS) with diethanol-isopropanolamine (DEIPA) was investigated in this study. Chloride ions was introduced by adding NaCl in paste, and the chloride binding capacity of the paste samples at 7 d and 60 d was examined. The hydration process was discussed via the testing of hydration heat and compressive strength. The hydrates in hardened paste was characterized by X-ray Diffractometry (XRD), Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The effect of DEIPA on dissolution of aluminate phase and compressive strength was discussed as well. These results showed that DEIPA could facilitate the hydration of C-FA and C-GGBS system, and the promotion effect was higher in C-FA than that in C-GGBS. DEIPA also increased the binding capacity of chloride in C-FA and C-GGBS systems. One reason was the increased chemical binding, because DEIPA facilitated the dissolution of aluminate to benefit the formation of Friedel’s salt. Other reasons were the increased physical binding and migration resistance. By contrast, DEIPA presented greater ability to increase chloride binding capacity in C-FA system, because DEIPA showed stronger ability to expedite the dissolution of aluminate of FA than that of GGBS, which benefited the formation of FS, thereby promoting the chemical binding. Such results would give deep insight into using DEIPA as an additive in cement-based materials.
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Liu X, Ma B, Tan H, He X, Zhao R, Chen P, Su Y, Yang J. Preparation of ultrafine fly ash by wet grinding and its utilization for immobilizing chloride ions in cement paste. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 113:456-468. [PMID: 32599350 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, to promote the chloride binding capacity of coal fired fly ash (RFA) in cementitious materials, wet grinding was employed and ultrafine fly ash (UFA) with D50 = 2.1 μm was prepared; SEM, XRD, TG, FTIR, and XPS were used to evaluate the chemical and physical change in the process of wet grinding. Then, two kinds of binders composed of cement and FA were designed, and the chloride immobilization was comparatively studied in terms of chemical binding, physical binding, and migration resistance. The hydration behavior and hydrates were investigated in terms of TGA, XRD, NMR, and MIP. Results revealed that UFA exhibited higher pozzolanic reactivity due to the increase of specific surface area, destruction of original molecular structure, and exposure of active reaction sites. And chloride immobilization in cement-UFA system was much greater than that in cement-RFA system at ages of 7 d and 28 d. The mechanism behind was discussed in three aspects: (a) chemical binding was promoted because of the more produced chloroaluminates facilitated by the release of aluminum from UFA; (b) physical adsorption was strengthened at 7 d but weakened at 28 d, resulting from the opposite influence on the amount of C-S-H gel at different ages; (c) migration resistance was improved by the reduction of pore volume and the increase in the complexity of pore structure. This investigation provided one new method for processing FA to promote the chloride immobilization of cement-FA system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Baoguo Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Hongbo Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Xingyang He
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Rixu Zhao
- China Construction Ready Mixed Concrete Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Pian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Ying Su
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Jin Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
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