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Wang J, Wang Z, Dou Y, Cong J, Sun H, Wang L, Duan Z. Ecological risk assessment for typical organophosphorus pesticides in surface water of China based on a species sensitivity distribution model. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169805. [PMID: 38181956 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
The ecological risks posed by widespread organophosphorus pesticide (OPs) pollution in the surface waters of China remain unclear. In this study, species sensitivity distribution (SSD) parametric statistical approaches were coupled with fully acute and chronic toxicity data to fit the sensitivity distributions of different aquatic species to five typical OPs: dimethoate, malathion, parathion-methyl, trichlorfon, and dichlorvos. Crustaceans exhibit the highest sensitivity to OPs, whereas algae are the least sensitive. The acute hazardous concentrations that affected 5 % of the species (HC5) were 0.112, 0.001, 0.001, 0.001, and 0.001 mg/L for dimethoate, malathion, parathion-methyl, trichlorfon, and dichlorvos, respectively, whereas their chronic HC5 values were 0.004, 0.004, 0.053, 0.001, and 0.0005 mg/L, respectively. Hence, dichlorvos is highly toxic and poses greater risk to non-target aquatic species. The evaluation data revealed varying geographical distribution characteristics of the ecological risks from OPs in 15 freshwater aquatic systems across different regions of China. Dichlorvos posed the highest risk in the basins of Zhejiang and Guangdong Provinces, with the highest chronic Risk Quotient (RQ) and Hazard Index (HI) at 9.34 and 9.92, respectively. This is much higher than what was collected and evaluated for foreign rivers (the highest chronic RQ and HI in foreign rivers were 1.65 and 2.24, respectively). Thus, dichlorvos in the surface waters of China poses a substantial ecological risk to aquatic organisms, and may endanger human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Zhirong Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yuhang Dou
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Jiaoyue Cong
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhenghua Duan
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
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2
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Singh S, Rawat M, Malyan SK, Singh R, Tyagi VK, Singh K, Kashyap S, Kumar S, Sharma M, Panday BK, Pandey RP. Global distribution of pesticides in freshwater resources and their remediation approaches. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 225:115605. [PMID: 36871947 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The role of pesticides in enhancing global agricultural production is magnificent. However, their unmanaged use threatens water resources and individual health. A significant pesticide concentration leaches to groundwater or reaches surface waters through runoff. Water contaminated with pesticides may cause acute or chronic toxicity to impacted populations and exert adverse environmental effects. It necessitates the monitoring and removing pesticides from water resources as prime global concerns. This work reviewed the global occurrences of pesticides in potable water and discussed the conventional and advanced technologies for the removal of pesticides. The concentration of pesticides highly varies in freshwater resources across the globe. The highest concentration of α-HCH (6.538 μg/L, at Yucatan, Mexico), lindane (6.08 μg/L at Chilka lake, Odisha, India), 2,4, DDT (0.90 μg/L, at Akkar, Lebanon), chlorpyrifos (9.1 μg/L, at Kota, Rajasthan, India), malathion (5.3 μg/L, at Kota, Rajasthan, India), atrazine (28.0 μg/L, at Venado Tuerto City, Argentina), endosulfan (0.78 μg/L, at Yavtmal, Maharashtra, India), parathion (4.17 μg/L, at Akkar, Lebanon), endrin (3.48 μg/L, at KwaZuln-Natl Province, South Africa) and imidacloprid (1.53 μg/L, at Son-La province, Vietnam) are reported. Pesticides can be significantly removed through physical, chemical, and biological treatment. Mycoremediation technology has the potential for up to 90% pesticide removal from water resources. Complete removal of the pesticides through a single biological treatment approach such as mycoremediation, phytoremediation, bioremediation, and microbial fuel cells is still a challenging task, however, the integration of two or more biological treatment approaches can attain complete removal of pesticides from water resources. Physical methods along with oxidation methods can be employed for complete removal of pesticides from drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Singh
- Environmental Hydrology Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Meenakshi Rawat
- Environmental Hydrology Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India; Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Kansas State University, Kansas, 66506, USA
| | - Sandeep K Malyan
- Department of Environmental Studies, Dyal Singh Evening College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110003, India
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Environmental Hydrology Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India.
| | - Vinay Kumar Tyagi
- Environmental Hydrology Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Kaptan Singh
- Environmental Hydrology Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India; Civil Engineering Department, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, 273010, India
| | - Sujata Kashyap
- Axa Parenteral Limited, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Sumant Kumar
- Groundwater Hydrology Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Manish Sharma
- Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, JLN Marg, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302004, India
| | - B K Panday
- State Water and Sanitation Mission, Government of Uttarakhand, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India
| | - R P Pandey
- Environmental Hydrology Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
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Wang J, Yue W, Teng Y, Zhai Y, Zhu H. Degradation kinetics and transformation pathway of methyl parathion by δ-MnO 2/oxalic acid reaction system. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 320:138054. [PMID: 36739984 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Methyl parathion (MP) is a typical organophosphorus pesticide that is widely used worldwide, and hydrolysis, oxidation and reduction are the main abiotic degradation processes. Manganese dioxide (MnO2) and organic acid can participate in various geochemical processes of pollutants, a reaction system was constructed to degrade MP using δ-MnO2 and oxalic acid. The δ-MnO2/oxalic acid reaction system could efficiently degrade MP, and the removal rate of MP (20 μM) reached 67.83% within 30 h under the optimized conditions (pH 5, [δ-MnO2] = 2 mM, [oxalic acid] = 100 mM). MP was hydrolyzed by substitution reactions of SN@P and SN@C, and reduced by conversion of the nitro groups (-NO2) in MP and its hydrolysates to amino groups (-NH2). The primary active substance produced in the reaction system was the complexes dominated by Mn(III)-oxalic acid. This study provides a scientific basis for the degradation of organophosphorus pesticides using MnO2 and an organic acid. The results have important theoretical significance and application value for pollution control and remediation of organophosphorus pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Wang
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation Ministry of Education, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Normal University, China.
| | - Weifeng Yue
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation Ministry of Education, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Normal University, China.
| | - Yanguo Teng
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation Ministry of Education, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Normal University, China.
| | - Yuanzheng Zhai
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation Ministry of Education, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Normal University, China.
| | - Hanhua Zhu
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
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Nozari M, Esmaili-Sari A, Moradi AM, Bahramifar N, Taghavi L. Contamination, ecological, and health risk assessment of heavy metals and organophosphorus pesticides in single, double, and ratoon cropping of rice: a case study in Mazandaran, North of Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:376. [PMID: 36757450 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-10916-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the contamination and health risk assessment of heavy metals and organophosphorus pesticides in single, double, and ratoon cropping of rice in Mazandaran province, north of Iran. A total of 17 sampling locations in rice farms were selected and soil and rice samples were collected from farms in 5 counties of Mazandaran. Soil and rice samples were then transferred to the lab for further analysis. The concentration of pesticides and heavy metals was then analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), respectively. Mercury was analyzed using a Leco mercury analyzer. Target hazard quotient (THQ), total target hazard quotient (TTHQ), carcinogenic risk (CR), and total carcinogenic risk (TCR) in children and adults were used. Potential ecological risk also was used to test the possible hazards of heavy metals to the environment. Heavy metals concentration in rice and soil samples in different farming steps revealed different levels. THQ showed no considerable risk in consuming contaminated rice to adults and children considered, while TTHQ revealed potential non-carcinogenic risks. Ni had the most carcinogenic risks to target human groups, and TCR showed carcinogenicity for carcinogenic heavy metals in all stations. Findings showed no ecological risks of metals to the environment. In conclusion, rice farmers in Mazandaran use the lands multiple times during the year to increase the performance, function, quality, and quantity of rice, but the possible toxic effects of heavy metals and pesticides on consumers and the environment should not be overlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboubeh Nozari
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Esmaili-Sari
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran.
| | - Ali Mashinchian Moradi
- Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nader Bahramifar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
| | - Lobat Taghavi
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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5
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Fan Z, Zhang C, Xu Y, Nan C, Lv Y, Liao X, Tang M, Xu J. The influence of water level fluctuations on the migration and enrichment of phosphorus in an agricultural groundwater system, Jianghan Plain. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:21213-21224. [PMID: 36269473 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23618-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The enrichment of phosphorus (P) in groundwater (GW) has been regarded as one of the most important sources of water eutrophication, but its sources and mechanisms have remained unclear. This study focused on hydraulic change show that drove the migration of P in an agricultural groundwater system, Jianghan Plain, Central China. Based on four rounds of field investigation over different seasons and across two consecutive years. Seasonable water table fluctuations (WLFs) reached 1.6 m and 3.8 m in GW and surface water (SW), respectively. Moreover, the concentrations of P in GW were obviously higher than those in SW where 54.1% of all GW samples presented higher content of P than the World Health Organization (WHO) limit of 0.4 mg/L with the highest one arriving to 1.97 mg/L. Although the trends and amplitudes varied at different points and depths, the spatial and temporal distribution of P corresponded with the local WLFs that were responsible for the enrichment of GW P. On the one hand, WLFs changed hydraulic conditions to enhance the migration of soluble P in the unsaturated zone into the aquifer. On the other hand, WLFs resulted in changes to the redox conditions or to the GW hydrochemical compositions, which promoted the dissolution of Fe or Mn containing P. These caused the release and enrichment of P in GW. Therefore, this study helps understand the geochemical cycling of P and improves GW management in the local GW system, Jianghan Plain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenghui Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Enviromental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China
| | - Caixiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Enviromental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China.
| | - Ya Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Enviromental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China
| | - Chao Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Enviromental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China
| | - You Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Enviromental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China
| | - Xiaoping Liao
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Mi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Enviromental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Enviromental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China
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6
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Samadifar M, Yamini Y, Khataei MM. Magnetically solid-phase extraction of diazinon and chlorpyrifos pesticides in vegetables using magnetic covalent triazine-based framework incorporated chitosan nanocomposite. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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7
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Huang S, Chen L, Li J, Xu J, Xie W, Zhang C. The effects of colloidal Fe and Mn on P distribution in groundwater system of Jianghan Plain, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 854:158739. [PMID: 36108844 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have confirmed groundwater phosphorus (P) enrichment by anthropogenic and geogenic sources. However, the effects of colloidal iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) on the groundwater P distribution remain poorly-understood. This study investigated the spatial distribution of three forms of Fe, Mn, and P (particulate, colloidal, and truly soluble) in aquifers based on groundwater monitoring data and sediment core samples for the Jianghan Plain. High proportions of colloidal Fe, Mn, and P of up to 52%, 58%, and 76%, respectively were found in the phreatic and confined aquifers. Particulate and truly soluble P dominated the phreatic aquifer and the confined aquifer, respectively. However, the truly soluble Fe and Mn were dominant among the three forms in both the phreatic and confined aquifers. The distributions of Fe, Mn, and P in colloids and sediments were also studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). A comparison of the distributions of Fe, Mn, and P between site SD01 (riparian zones) and site SD02 (farmland) showed that both external inputs and the reduced release of Fe/Mn oxides/minerals from sediments contributed to the distributions of colloidal Fe, Mn, and P. Correlation analysis showed a strong relationship between colloidal Fe/Mn and P in both groundwater and sediment, implying that colloidal Fe/Mn play a role in regulating the distribution of P in the study area. This study provides a new understanding of the effects of colloidal Fe and Mn on the P distribution among the phreatic and confined aquifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Lu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Jiasen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Weiying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Caixiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, Wuhan 430074, China.
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8
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Zhai Y, Jiang Y, Cao X, Leng S, Wang J. Valuation of ecosystem damage induced by soil-groundwater pollution in an arid climate area: Framework, method and case study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 211:113013. [PMID: 35240111 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater is an important source of water, even the only source in some arid areas. However, climate changing and ecosystem damage induced by pollution aggravate water resource crisis. The "polluter pays" principle is deeply rooted in efforts to manage the polluted sites, particularly in the soil-groundwater environment. Unfortunately, there is no ecosystem damage compensation mechanism generally accepted by all stakeholders. In this study, we establish an assessment framework and valuation methods for ecosystem damage induced by soil-groundwater pollution in an arid climate area based on a "pollution source → target (soil-groundwater) → receptor (humans, animals, and plants) → damages → stakeholders (human society and ecosystem)" model that is usually applied in groundwater risk assessment research. Five economic loss are included in the valuation methods: (1) human health loss, (2) emergency disposal cost, (3) direct economic loss, (4) ecological restoration cost, and (5) ecosystem services loss. We apply the framework to a case study in an arid climate area, northwest China and calculate the total economic loss from ecosystem damage in the case study at 12.6 million yuan. The largest proportion of the total loss was the ecological restoration cost (85.6%), followed by the emergency disposal cost (11.2%), and finally ecosystem services loss (3.2%). Valuation of ecosystem damage from environmental pollution is essentially a socioeconomic issue. This study supplies a new framework and methods for valuing ecosystem damage induced by pollution, and offers suggestions for environmental management to reduce the damage caused by soil-groundwater pollution to health and ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzheng Zhai
- Engineering Research Center for Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation of Ministry of Education of China, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ya Jiang
- Engineering Research Center for Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation of Ministry of Education of China, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xinyi Cao
- Engineering Research Center for Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation of Ministry of Education of China, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Suya Leng
- Department of Water Resource, Tongzhou District, Beijing, 101100, China
| | - Jinsheng Wang
- Engineering Research Center for Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation of Ministry of Education of China, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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Zhang YW, McCarl BA, Cao Z, Li Q, Yang S, Liu H. Operating pesticide use reduction within the boundary of food security in peri-urban settings. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 2:635-647. [PMID: 38934006 PMCID: PMC11197716 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticide use in peri-urban areas affects the urban environment and public health, and reducing the use may present food security issues for urban dwellers. In this study, we explore how a municipality-adopted goal of a 20% reduction in pesticide use could be achieved, along with local food security and environmental implications, for Shanghai located in the densely populated East China. A regional Shanghai Agricultural Sector Model incorporating district- and technology-varying crop budgets, was developed to simulate the effects of pesticide reduction policy. Here we find that achieving the reduction goal had the largest implications in districts with high pesticide use totals and intensities, potentially reducing pesticide non-point source pollution in the Yangtze River Estuary and Dianshan Lake; the production levels of rice and leafy vegetables would be most affected; and adopting machinery that allows more precise pesticide application modulates these results. Moreover, imposing the requirements at the district-level caused more severe local food security concerns, and less environmental benefits. Furthermore, a closed Shanghai's agricultural economy would substantially enlarge the regional heterogeneity in the above-mentioned outcomes. Exploring the effects of a quantity control policy on current-use pesticides at different aggregation levels has important implications for regulating the use of agrochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuquan W. Zhang
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 3 Yinlian Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Bruce A. McCarl
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Texas A&M University, 2124 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Zhengwei Cao
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qiang Li
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shaohua Yang
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 3 Yinlian Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Huiwen Liu
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 3 Yinlian Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201306, China
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10
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Wei L, Zhu N, Liu X, Zheng H, Xiao K, Huang Q, Liu H, Cai M. Application of Hi-throat/Hi-volume SPE technique in assessing organophosphorus pesticides and their degradation products in surface water from Tai Lake, east China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 305:114346. [PMID: 34952393 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) are among the most commonly used pesticides worldwide. However, these compounds pose a serious threat to aquatic environments. Here, thirty-seven pesticides and eight degradation products were determined in surface water samples from Tai Lake, East China, using a high-volume solid phase extraction technique (Hi-throat/Hi-volume SPE). Surface water was pumped in-situ through a portable sampler, and OPPs in the water retained on the Hi-volume SPE adsorption column, finally extracted for analysis. This technique efficiently reduced the detection limits to below 0.3 ng/L. In total, 40 out of 45 OPP congeners were detected, which far exceeded the amount of OPPs in previous studies. The total concentration of OPPs ranged between 101.4 and 1530 ng/L (median: 378.9 ng/L). Parathion exhibited the highest concentration (median: 112.0 ng/L), followed by paraoxon-methyl (median: 90.3 ng/L), as well as carbophenothion, fenthion, and mevinphos. Agricultural areas were more polluted than residential and industrial regions. However, degradation products persisted in residential and industrial waters. The ecological risks of OPPs in these areas were estimated based on the risk quotient index (RQ). Parathion, fenthion, carbophenothion, and tolclofos-methyl occurred at high-risk levels, and the levels of degradation products were also non-trivial. Our findings thus indicated that OPP degradation products pose a potential threat to natural environments and should therefore be closely monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Wei
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Ningzheng Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hongyuan Zheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Kaiyan Xiao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Qinghui Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Hongling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Minghong Cai
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai, 200136, China; School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.
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11
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Wang J, Teng Y, Zhai Y, Yue W, Pan Z. Spatiotemporal distribution and risk assessment of organophosphorus pesticides in surface water and groundwater on the North China Plain, China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:112310. [PMID: 34762928 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
90 groundwater samples and 14 surface water samples were collected in wet season (summer) and dry season (winter) in the North China Plain (NCP), and analyzed for 11 organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs). The results showed that the main types of OPPs in surface water and groundwater were dimethoate, dichlorvos, methyl-parathion, malathion in both summer and winter. The OPP concentrations in groundwater and surface water were higher in summer than in winter. In the vertical direction, the distribution characteristics of different four types of groundwater sampling points are different. In the horizontal direction: farmland adjacent to a river (FAR) > central farmland (CF) > nonfarm area adjacent to a river (NFAR) > central nonfarm area (CNF). The OPPs concentrations in surface water adjacent to farmland were higher than that in surface water adjacent to nonfarm area. The main factors influencing the distribution of OPPs in the groundwater and surface water were the interaction process between them, the groundwater flow field and the OPPs used in agricultural activities. The ecological risk of OPPs to surface water was greater in summer than in winter. Water Flea was at medium risk, and malathion had the greatest influence on Water Flea in both summer and winter. The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of the four main OPPs in surface water were higher than in groundwater, and were higher in summer than in winter, but they would not lead to adverse health effects on local residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Wang
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yanguo Teng
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yuanzheng Zhai
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Weifeng Yue
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Zhenzhen Pan
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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Distribution, Formation and Human Health Risk of Fluorine in Groundwater in Songnen Plain, NE China. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13223236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Songnen Plain is one of the three great plains in northeast China with abundant groundwater resources. The continuous population growth and the rapid development of agriculture and economy in China has caused a series of environmental problems in the plain, such as endemic diseases caused by the accumulation of harmful substances in drinking water. This paper conducts a systematic investigation of fluorine in the groundwater of Songnen Plain. The results showed that fluorine was widespread in the groundwater of the plain in the concentration range of BDL–8.54 mg·L−1, at a mean value of 0.63 mg·L−1 and detectable at a rate of 85.91%. The highest concentrations of fluorine were found in central and southwest areas of the plain. The concentration exceeded the guideline values for fluorine in drinking water and may have varying degrees of adverse effects on adults, and especially children, in the study area. The fluorine in groundwater mainly came from the dissolution of fluorite and other fluorine-containing minerals, and the concentrations and distribution of fluorine were affected by cation exchange, groundwater flow field and hydrochemical indexes (pH, TDS and HCO3−). The study provides scientific basis for the investigation, evaluation and prevention of endemic diseases caused by fluorine.
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13
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Li X, Liu Z, Lin L, Fan H, Liang X, Xu J. A Novel Method for the Accurate Measurement of Soil Infiltration Line by Portable Vector Network Analyzer. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21217201. [PMID: 34770513 PMCID: PMC8587136 DOI: 10.3390/s21217201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Accurate measurement of soil infiltration lines is very important for agricultural irrigation systems. It can help monitor the irrigation of soil to control irrigation amounts and promote crop growth. The soil infiltration line is a complex dynamic boundary and is difficult to model accurately, leading to estimation deviation. A traditional TDR (time domain reflectometry) method is used in soil infiltration line measurement, but it lacks good applicability and accuracy. In this paper, we proposed a method-VFTT (The vector network analyzer's frequency domain signals are converted to the time domain)-by the time domain to frequency domain conversion principle to improve the accuracy of soil infiltration line measurement. The experiment results show that the measurement method of soil infiltration line based on VFTT has high accuracy and robustness. After fitting the measured value with the actual one, R2 reaching more than 0.98 can effectively measure the position of the soil infiltration line.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jinghui Xu
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-189-9129-9259
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