Biorecovery of olive mill wastewater sludge from evaporation ponds

Quorum sensing in different subcommunities becomes the key factor affecting the humification of the aerobic composting system with sauerkraut fermentation wastewater

Aerobic composting is an effective and harmless method to treat Sauerkraut fermentation wastewater (SFW). Given the limited understanding of the effect of quorum sensing (QS) on humification in subcommunities under acidic environments, a large-scale analysis was conducted to identify features that impact the response of QS to humification in different subcommunities. The results showed that the addition of SFW directly affected humification in subcommunities A and C, and the abundances of functional genes related to carbon fixation and carbon degradation were significantly increased at 7 and 15 d, respectively. In addition, subcommunity B indirectly affected humus production but regulated carbon metabolic pathways such as glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and pentose phosphate by QS with subcommunities B. These findings provide a novel perspective for analysing the regulation of humification in aerobic composting and suggest that composting has potential applications in organic wastewater treatment.

Extracellularly Released Molecules by the Multidrug-Resistant Fungal Pathogens Belonging to the Scedosporium Genus: An Overview Focused on Their Ecological Significance and Pathogenic Relevance

The multidrug-resistant species belonging to the Scedosporium genus are well recognized as saprophytic filamentous fungi found mainly in human impacted areas and that emerged as human pathogens in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. It is well recognized that some fungi are ubiquitous organisms that produce an enormous amount of extracellular molecules, including enzymes and secondary metabolites, as part of their basic physiology in order to satisfy their several biological processes. In this context, the molecules secreted by Scedosporium species are key weapons for successful colonization, nutrition and maintenance in both host and environmental sites. These biologically active released molecules have central relevance on fungal survival when colonizing ecological places contaminated with hydrocarbons, as well as during human infection, particularly contributing to the invasion/evasion of host cells and tissues, besides escaping from the cellular and humoral host immune responses. Based on these relevant premises, the present review compiled the published data reporting the main secreted molecules by Scedosporium species, which operate important physiopathological events associated with pathogenesis, diagnosis, antimicrobial activity and bioremediation of polluted environments.