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Ji C, Wang J, Xu C, Gu Y, Yuan J, Liang D, Wang L, Ning Y, Zhou J, Zhang Y. Amendment of straw with decomposing inoculants benefits the ecosystem carbon budget and carbon footprint in a subtropical wheat cropping field. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 923:171419. [PMID: 38442752 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The incorporation of straw with decomposing inoculants into soils has been widely recommended to sustain agricultural productivity. However, comprehensive analyses assessing the effects of straw combined with decomposing inoculants on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, net primary production (NPP), the net ecosystem carbon budget (NECB), and the carbon footprint (CF) in farmland ecosystems are scant. Here, we carried out a 2-year field study in a wheat cropping system with six treatments: rice straw (S), a straw-decomposing Bacillus subtilis inoculant (K), a straw-decomposing Aspergillus oryzae inoculant (Q), a combination of straw and Bacillus subtilis inoculant (SK), a combination of straw and Aspergillus oryzae inoculant (SQ), and a control with no rice straw or decomposing inoculant (Control). We found that all the treatments resulted in a positive NECB ranging between 838 and 5065 kg C ha-1. Relative to the Control, the S treatment increased CO2 emissions by 16%, while considerably enhancing the NECB by 349%. This difference might be attributed to the straw C input and an increase in plant productivity (NPP, 30%). More importantly, in comparison to that in S, the NECB in SK and SQ significantly increased by 27-35% due to the positive response of NPP to the decomposing inoculants. Although the combination of straw and decomposing inoculants yielded a 3% increase in indirect GHG emissions, it also exhibited the lowest CF (0.18 kg CO2-eq kg-1 of grain). This result was attributed to the synergistic effects of straw and decomposing inoculants, which reduced direct N2O emissions and increased wheat productivity. Overall, the findings of the present study suggested that the combined amendment of straw and decomposing inoculants is an environmentally sustainable management practice in wheat cropping systems that can generate win-win scenarios through improvements in soil C stock, crop productivity, and GHG mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Ji
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Luhe, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jidong Wang
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Luhe, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Cong Xu
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Luhe, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yian Gu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Luhe, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Dong Liang
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Luhe, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Lei Wang
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Luhe, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yunwang Ning
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Luhe, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yongchun Zhang
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Luhe, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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Shu J, Bai Y, Chen Q, Weng C, Zhang F. Dynamic simulation of the water-land-food nexus for the sustainable agricultural development in the North China Plain. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168771. [PMID: 38036143 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Inter-regional trade of agricultural products based on the flow of agricultural virtual resources is of great importance for sustainable agricultural development. We focused on grain crops (rice, wheat and maize) in the North China Plain (NCP), and used the Penman-Monteith equation to simulate crop water requirements. We further analyzed the flow of virtual land and virtual water associated with the grain trade using an environmentally expanded multi-regional input-output model. The coupling coordination of land, water, and food was evaluated to assess the rationality of regional agricultural production resource allocation. Between 2007 and 2017, agricultural virtual land and virtual water embodied in the grain trade between the NCP and other areas increased by 48.10 % and 34.41 %, respectively, indicating that the NCP is gradually consolidating its position as the main production area and distribution center of crops in China. Agricultural virtual resources in the NCP were mainly transported to the southeast coastal region, with an overall trend of resource movement from north to south. The total supply of agricultural land and water resources markedly increased in the NCP, whereas the transfer of virtual resources across regions showed a decreasing trend. Because of the irrational structure of crop cultivation and unevenness of regional resource allocation, the coupling coordination of the water-land-food nexus in the NCP is much lower than the national average. This study provides important information on the trade flows and coupling relationships of virtual water and land resources of three major food crops, which will help to alleviate resource pressure in agricultural production and promote sustainable agricultural development in the NCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayao Shu
- School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuping Bai
- School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100035, China.
| | - Qi Chen
- School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chuyao Weng
- School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Li M, Li C, Liu M, Xiong T, Wu X, Tang Y. Balancing grain yield and environmental performance by optimizing planting patterns of rice-wheat cropping systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167813. [PMID: 37852482 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
To alleviate the adverse consequences of conventional planting of the rice-wheat cropping system and achieve long-term sustainability, a 3-cycle experiment (2019-2022) was conducted to investigate the effects of six planting patterns (PPs) on the grain yield and environmental performance. PP1 entailed annual rotary tillage (RT) without straw returning but without fertilization for rice and wheat seasons. PP2 was the same as PP1 but involved fertilization. PP3 was the same as PP2 but included straw return. PP4 entailed rice planting the same as in PP3, but with innovative zero-tillage (ZT) seeding technology for wheat planting. PP5 entailed wheat planting the same as in PP4, but with rice planting involving direct paddy seeding under RT. PP6 entailed wheat planting the same as in PP4, but rice planting followed dry direct seeding under ZT. The results showed that the average total yield under PP2, PP3, PP4, PP5, and PP6 was 64 %, 54 %, 69 %, 51 %, and 54 % higher than that under PP1, respectively. The highest methane and nitrous oxide emissions occurred under PP4 and PP6, respectively. When soil organic carbon changes were included in the calculations, the carbon footprint per unit area (CFA) was sharply reduced under PP4 and PP6, and the highest CFA was achieved under PP1, followed by PP2. Implementing annual RT promoted soil mineral nitrogen accumulation under PP2 and PP3 after wheat harvest, increasing the risk of mineral nitrogen leaching and the nitrogen footprint per unit area than that under the other PPs. PP4 exhibited the highest ammonia volatilization, which was offset by reduced mineral nitrogen leaching. Overall, PP4 exhibited a yearly increase in the comprehensive scores obtained via Z-score analysis and yielded the highest score in the last year due to the highest annual grain yield, steady SOC increase, and lower nitrogen loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Crop Research Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Environment-friendly Crop Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 610066 Chengdu, China
| | - Chaosu Li
- Crop Research Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Environment-friendly Crop Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 610066 Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southwestern China (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)/Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water-Saving Agriculture in Hill Areas of Southern China, 610066 Chengdu, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Crop Research Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Environment-friendly Crop Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 610066 Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southwestern China (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)/Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water-Saving Agriculture in Hill Areas of Southern China, 610066 Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Xiong
- Crop Research Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Environment-friendly Crop Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 610066 Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- Crop Research Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Environment-friendly Crop Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 610066 Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southwestern China (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)/Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water-Saving Agriculture in Hill Areas of Southern China, 610066 Chengdu, China.
| | - Yonglu Tang
- Crop Research Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Environment-friendly Crop Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 610066 Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southwestern China (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)/Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water-Saving Agriculture in Hill Areas of Southern China, 610066 Chengdu, China.
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