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Ammar A, Nouira A, El Mouridi Z, Boughribil S. Recent trends in the phytoremediation of radionuclide contamination of soil by cesium and strontium: Sources, mechanisms and methods: A comprehensive review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142273. [PMID: 38750727 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
This comprehensive review examines recent trends in phytoremediation strategies to address soil radionuclide contamination by cesium (Cs) and strontium (Sr). Radionuclide contamination, resulting from natural processes and nuclear-related activities such as accidents and the operation of nuclear facilities, poses significant risks to the environment and human health. Cs and Sr, prominent radionuclides involved in nuclear accidents, exhibit chemical properties that contribute to their toxicity, including easy uptake, high solubility, and long half-lives. Phytoremediation is emerging as a promising and environmentally friendly approach to mitigate radionuclide contamination by exploiting the ability of plants to extract toxic elements from soil and water. This review focuses specifically on the removal of 90Sr and 137Cs, addressing their health risks and environmental implications. Understanding the mechanisms governing plant uptake of radionuclides is critical and is influenced by factors such as plant species, soil texture, and physicochemical properties. Phytoremediation not only addresses immediate contamination challenges but also provides long-term benefits for ecosystem restoration and sustainable development. By improving soil health, biodiversity, and ecosystem resilience, phytoremediation is in line with global sustainability goals and environmental protection initiatives. This review aims to provide insights into effective strategies for mitigating environmental hazards associated with radionuclide contamination and to highlight the importance of phytoremediation in environmental remediation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayyoub Ammar
- Laboratory of Virology, Microbiology, Quality and Biotechnology /Eco-toxicology and Biodiversity (LVMQB/EB), Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Mohammedia, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco; National Center for Energy, Sciences, and Nuclear Techniques (CNESTEN), Rabat, Morocco; Laboratory of Environment and Conservation of Natural Resources, National Institute of Agronomique Research (INRA), Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Asmae Nouira
- National Center for Energy, Sciences, and Nuclear Techniques (CNESTEN), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Zineb El Mouridi
- Laboratory of Environment and Conservation of Natural Resources, National Institute of Agronomique Research (INRA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Said Boughribil
- Laboratory of Virology, Microbiology, Quality and Biotechnology /Eco-toxicology and Biodiversity (LVMQB/EB), Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Mohammedia, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
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Risk Assessment of Exposure to Natural Radiation in Soil Using RESRAD-ONSITE and RESRAD-BIOTA in the Cobalt-Nickel Bearing Areas of Lomié in Eastern Cameroon. RADIATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/radiation2020013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nkamouna-Kongo is a cobalt–nickel deposit located in Lomié, Eastern Cameroon. Mining creates radiation exposure pathways that must be considered in risk management scenarios. RESRAD-ONSITE and RESRAD-BIOTA, developed by the US DOE, assess contaminated sites by deriving cleanup criteria and estimating the radiation dose and risk associated with residual radioactive materials using site-specific parameters. This paper evaluated the radiation dose in biota and the health risk from exposure to naturally occurring radionuclides. The activity of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K was determined by γ-spectrometry. The internal doses were 2.13 × 10−07, 1.42 × 10−06, and 8.38 × 10−05 Gy d−1 for animals and 2.38 × 10−07, 2.04 × 10−06, and 9.07 × 10−05 Gy d−1 for plants. The maximum total dose of 0.7234 mSv yr−1 was obtained at t = 1 year. The external dose contribution obtained at t = 1 year for all nuclides summed and all component pathways was 0.4 mSv yr−1, above the background radiation dose limit of 2.5 × 10−01 mSv yr−1. A maximum cancer risk of 1.36 × 10−03 was observed at t = 1 year. It was also shown in the RESRAD calculations that the total cancer morbidity risks from plant ingestion, radon (independent of water), and external gamma exposure pathways were greater than those from other exposure pathways. The high risk calculated for 226Ra relative to 232Th and 40K makes it the primary human health concern in the study area. The use of a 1 m cover thickness would remediate the contaminated site to a dose on the order of 10−5 mSv yr−1 for a period of 0 to 100 years. The values of these doses are below the US DOE recommended limits.
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Ecological studies of the naturally occurring radionuclides, 137Cs and heavy metals in soil, plants and milk in surrounding of Kragujevac city, Serbia. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08202-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Analysis of 238U, 226Ra, and 210Pb transfer factors from soil to the leaves of broadleaf tree species. NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY AND RADIATION PROTECTION 2022. [DOI: 10.2298/ntrp2203219v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This analysis of 238U, 226Ra and 210Pb transfer factors from the soil to the
leaves of different native broadleaf trees at sites previously modified by
uranium presence and at the site of background radioactivity levels, was
conducted using data from a few available studies from the literature. The
broadleaf tree species Quercus ilex, Quercus suber, Eucalyptus camaldulensis,
Quercus pyrenaica, Quercus ilex rotundifolia, Populus sp. and Eucalyptus
botryoides Sm. at the affected sites and Tilia spp. and Aesculus
hippocastanum L. at the back ground site were in cluded in the study
regardless of the deciduous or evergreen origins of the leaves. In the papers
cited here, data about basic soil parameters: pH, total Ca [gkg-1], sand [%],
and silt + clay [%] fractions were also available. All the collected data of
activity concentration [Bqkg-1] dry weight in the soil (n=14) which was in
the range: 22-6606 for 238U, 38-7700 for 226Ra, and 37-7500 for 210Pb, and
the tree leaves in the range: 2.7-137.6 for 238U (n=10), 2.6-134.2 for 226Ra
(n=14), and 27-77.2 for 210Pb (n=14), indicated that it was normally
distributed after log-transformation. The present study was conducted under
the hypothesis that biological differences between the examined broadleaf
tree species have a lesser influence on the transfer factors of the
investigated radionuclides from soil to tree leaves compared to the impact of
the soil parameters and radionuclides activity concentrations in the soil.
Consequently, it was examined whether 238U, 226Ra, and 210Pb soil-to-leaves
transfer factor values for average broadleaf species could be predicted
statistically in the first approximation based on their activity
concentration in the soil and at least one basic soil parameter using
multiple linear regression.
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Zlatić NM, Krstić DŽ, Stanković MS. Radioactivity level in relation to geological substrate: dynamics of natural and artificial radionuclides on Teucrium montanum L. (Lamiaceae) habitats. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:749. [PMID: 34694473 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09536-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
There are no results of comparative ecological studies of the radionuclide activity concentration in the plants and soil in relation to geological substrate. Presented research encompasses the comparative analysis of the concentration of four radionuclides, three natural (40K, 226Ra, 232Th) and one artificial (137Cs) in soil samples and aerial plant parts of Teucrium montanum from different natural habitats on serpentinite and calcareous geological substrate. The activity concentrations of radionuclides were measured with high purity germanium (HPGe) detector and expressed as Bq kg-1. The calculated activity concentrations of 40K, 226Ra, 232Th, and 137Cs in soil samples from serpentinite/calcareous habitats are in range 39.6-91.0/59.3-1018.8, 1.7-5.5/4.3-52.4, 2.4-10.9/5.9-72.9, and 57.2-844.9/29.6-701.5 Bq kg-1, respectively. The activity concentrations of 40K, 226Ra, 232Th, and 137Cs in plant samples are in range 152.9-445.9/228.0-521.4, n.d.-1.2/0.6-5.6, n.d./0.2-0.9, and 1.0-46.4/1.7-7.0 Bq kg-1, respectively. The obtained results showed that the quantities of 137Cs are greater in the soil and plant material from the serpentinite habitats, while quantities of 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th are greater in the soil and plant material from calcareous habitats. In general, the level of radioactivity in plants and soil depends on the type of the geological substrate. The content of radionuclides in plants is correlated with the radionuclide content in the soil. In addition to other specifics in physical and chemical properties, serpentinite habitats are characterized by an increased amount of Cs in the soil, which causes an increased amount of this radionuclide in plants such as Teucrium montanum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nenad M Zlatić
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Dragana Ž Krstić
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milan S Stanković
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Gulan L, Stajic JM, Milenkovic B, Zeremski T, Milic S, Krstic D. Plant uptake and soil retention of radionuclides and metals in vineyard environments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:49651-49662. [PMID: 33942258 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14239-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In most European countries, each adult citizen drinks on average more than 20 L of wine every year. Three popular wine-growing areas (Aleksandrovac, Topola, and Orahovac) in Serbia were studied in order to investigate the abundance and uptake of elements from vineyard soil to plants. The specific activities of radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th, 40K, 137Cs, and 7Be) were measured in soil, leaves, and grape berries. 226Ra and 232Th were positively correlated with silt and clay and negatively correlated with sand content in soil. Specific activities of natural radionuclides were also negatively correlated with soil pH and CaCO3. Significant correlations of 40K and 137Cs with organic matter in soil were found. Concentrations of fifteen metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, Fe, K, Na, Ca, Mg, and Hg) were also measured in soil samples as well as in grapevine leaves. Analyzed soils were rich in Ni, Cu, Co, Cr, and Cd. High concentrations of Cu were probably caused by long-term use of Cu-based fungicides. Cu was correlated with Fe and organic matter content in soil. Soil-to-plant transfer factors (TF) were calculated to estimate the uptake of radionuclides and metals. Correlations obtained via PCA enable distinction between the sites Aleksandrovac and Topola relative to Orahovac. The first principal component (PC1) accounting for 30.70% of the total variance correlated significantly with soil pH (H2O), contents of CaCO3, Na, Ca, 40K, and 226Ra in soil, as well as with 226Ra, Na, Ca in plants and TFCa. The second principal component (PC2), with total variance of 17.21%, was mainly correlated with variables pertaining to Mg, Co, and Cr in the soil and TFK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljiljana Gulan
- Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Priština in Kosovska Mitrovica, Lole Ribara 29, Kosovska Mitrovica, 38220, Serbia
| | - Jelena M Stajic
- Institute for Information Technologies, Department of Science, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijica bb, Kragujevac, 34000, Serbia.
| | - Biljana Milenkovic
- Institute for Information Technologies, Department of Science, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijica bb, Kragujevac, 34000, Serbia
| | - Tijana Zeremski
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Maksima Gorkog 30, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Stanko Milic
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Maksima Gorkog 30, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Dragana Krstic
- Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, Kragujevac, 34000, Serbia
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Živković M, Zlatić N, Krstić D, Stanković M. Health risk assessment of natural and artificial radionuclides in medicinal plants. KRAGUJEVAC JOURNAL OF SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.5937/kgjsci2143015q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, we determined activity concentrations of ten Medicinal herbs using gamma spectrometry. The radioactivity concentration of 226 Ra, 232 Th, 40 K and 137 Cs were 2.82, 0.63, 984.32, 0.28 Bq/kg, respectively. These doses are not hazardous to the general public's health. The mean values of radium equivalent activity (Raeq), absorbed dose rates (D), annual effective dose (De) and external hazard index (Hex) are 79.51 Bq/kg, 42.73 nGy-1 , 52.40 µSv and 0.21, respectively. Medicinal plants used to make tea do not contain a concentration of tested radionuclides that would cause negative consequences to one's health.
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Zamzamian SM, Hosseini SA, Feghhi SA, Samadfam M. Determining of the optimized dimensions of the Marinelli beaker containing source with inhomogeneous emission rate by using genetic algorithm coupled with MCNP and determining distribution type by neural networks. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 157:109039. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abbasi A, Mirekhtiary F. 137Cs and 40K concentration ratios (CRs) in annual and perennial plants in the Caspian coast. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 146:671-677. [PMID: 31426208 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.06.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This research attempted to investigate the plant/soil concentration ratios (CRs) of 137Cs and 40K in plants that grow on the Anzali Lagoon of the Caspian coast, Iran. The activity concentrations of 137Cs and 40K were measured in soil samples, annual plants (Echinochloa crus-galli, Digitaria sanguinalis, and Trifolium repens), and perennial plants (Phragmites australis, and Cynodon dactylon). The relationship of activity concentration with soil particle density, and pH of soil samples, CR, and 137Cs/40K discrimination factor (DF) were determined. The activity concentration of 137Cs in the soil, annual plants, and perennial plants ranged between 12- and 124 (Bq/kg dry weight), 2- and 17 (Bq/kg dw), and 2 - and 14 (Bq/kg dw), respectively. The geometric mean (GM) values of DF in annual and perennial plants were 0.57 and 0.55, respectively. The CR for 137Cs and 40K varied as a non-linear relation in annual plants and perennial plants. This study showed that the CRs for 137Cs in annual plants were higher than the CRs for perennial plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Abbasi
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Kyrenia, Kyrenia, TRNC, via Mersin 10, Turkey.
| | - Fatemeh Mirekhtiary
- Faculty of Engineering, Near East University, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey
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Machraoui S, Mandya Purushotham M, Naregundi K, Labidi S. Assessment of radionuclide transfer factors and transfer coefficients near phosphate industrial areas of South Tunisia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:28341-28351. [PMID: 31372949 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05786-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The activity concentrations of naturally occurring and anthropogenic radionuclides in agriculture soils as well as in several food products at four locations within the phosphate area of South Tunisia were investigated. Soil-to-plant transfer factors as well as feed-to-animal products transfer coefficients were determined for the first time for the region. Activity concentrations of 40K, 210Pb, 226Ra, 228Ra and 137Cs in soils of agriculture fields were lower than worldwide average values. The soil-to-plant transfer factors (TFs) for 40K in leafy vegetables were higher than those in fruit vegetables. Soil-to-grass transfer factor (Fv) values were in the following order: 40K > 210Pb > 226Ra. The grass-to-milk transfer coefficient (Fm) values for 40K and 210Pb ranged between 2 × 10-3 and 4 × 10-3(day L-1). The concentration ratios for the animal products (CRmilk-feed, CRmeat-feed and CRegg-feed) varied in the ranges of 2 × 10-2-4 × 10-2 L kg-1, 1 × 10-2-2 × 10-1 (L kg-1) and 5 × 10-2-1 (L kg-1)for 40K, 210Pb and 226Ra, respectively. Transfer parameters determined in the present study were compared with those reported in International Atomic Energy Agency reports and other published values. The absorbed gamma dose rate in air and the external hazard index associated with these natural radionuclides were computed to assess the radiation hazard of radioactivity in this region, and the results indicated that these areas are within set safety limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Machraoui
- Higher Institute of Medical Technologies of Tunis, Research Laboratory in Biophysics and Medical Technologies, University of Tunis El Manar, 1006, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Mohan Mandya Purushotham
- Centre for Advanced Research in Environmental Radioactivity, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, 574199, India
| | - Karunakara Naregundi
- Centre for Advanced Research in Environmental Radioactivity, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, 574199, India
| | - Salam Labidi
- Higher Institute of Medical Technologies of Tunis, Research Laboratory in Biophysics and Medical Technologies, University of Tunis El Manar, 1006, Tunis, Tunisia
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Bátor G, Bednár A, Glover TJ, Kovács T, Landsberger S. Determination of cesium transfer factors by instrumental neutron activation analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2018; 187:16-21. [PMID: 29477642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Food-chain models are used to predict radionuclide ingestion after fallout deposition. These models include those transfer processes (soil-to-plant transfer factor(s) [TF], plant-to-animal transfer coefficient(s) [TC] and concentration ratio [CR]) that are likely to be important for radiological assessment. The range of variability for transfer factors for the same plant groups is great, about 4-5 orders of magnitude, which limits their applicability. A better way to determine the best estimate the factors for radiocaesium and other important radionuclides is if the site-specific data are available. Soil, plant and animal samples were collected from a pasture area in Hungary during the vegetation period in 2016. Stable 133Cs concentration was analysed by comparative method with neutron activation analysis (NAA). The comparator and the samples were irradiated in thermal neutron flux 2.55 × 1012 ncm-2s-1 for 2 h (soil) and 6 h (vegetation, animal samples) in the TRIGA Mark II research reactor at the Nuclear Engineering Teaching Laboratory. After an appropriate decay time (12 days) the samples were measured by gamma-spectrometry and analysed. The observed stable caesium TCpm (0.48-0.53) and CRpm (0.41-0.45) were very close to 137Cs factors in the IAEA 2009 Report of 0.49 and 0.54, respectively. This methodology is particularly suitable for the simultaneous study of natural caesium in ecosystem compartments. Consequently, the transfer of stable caesium in a pasture field may be regarded as a useful analogy in predicting the long-term changes of 137Cs affected by site-specific environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bátor
- Institute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology, University of Pannonia, PO Box 158, 8201, Veszprém, Hungary.
| | - A Bednár
- Institute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology, University of Pannonia, PO Box 158, 8201, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - T J Glover
- University of Texas at Austin, Nuclear Engineering Teaching Laboratory, Pickle Research Campus, R-9000, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - T Kovács
- Institute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology, University of Pannonia, PO Box 158, 8201, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - S Landsberger
- University of Texas at Austin, Nuclear Engineering Teaching Laboratory, Pickle Research Campus, R-9000, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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Saenboonruang K, Phonchanthuek E, Prasandee K. Soil-to-plant transfer factors of natural radionuclides ( 226Ra and 40K) in selected Thai medicinal plants. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2018; 184-185:1-5. [PMID: 29331557 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A soil-to-plant transfer factor (TF) is an important parameter that could be used to estimate radionuclides levels in medicinal plants. This work reports concentrations of natural radionuclides (226Ra and 40K) and TFs in six Thai medicinal plants grown in central Thailand using an HPGe gamma ray spectrometer. Either root, leaf, or flower parts of each medicinal plant were selected for use in the investigation according to their practical uses in traditional medicine. The results showed that due to K being essential in plants, 40K had higher arithmetic means of activity concentrations and geometric means of TFs (geometric standard deviations in parentheses) of 610 ± 260 Bq kg-1 dry weight (DW) and 2.0 (1.4), respectively, than 226Ra, which had the activity concentrations and TFs of 4.8 ± 2.6 Bq kg-1 DW and 0.17 (1.8), respectively. The results also showed that the leaves of medicinal plants had higher activity concentrations and TFs than root and flower parts, probably due to higher metabolic activities in leaves. Furthermore, there was good agreement between the results from the current work and other similar reports on medicinal plants. The information obtained from this work could strengthen knowledge of natural radionuclides in plants and particularly increase available TF data on Thai medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiadtisak Saenboonruang
- Department of Applied Radiation and Isotopes, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Endu Phonchanthuek
- Department of Applied Radiation and Isotopes, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kamonkhuan Prasandee
- Department of Applied Radiation and Isotopes, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Le HC, Nguyen TV, Huynh TNP, Huynh PT. Gross alpha and beta activity and annual committed effective dose due to natural radionuclides in some water spinach (ipomoea aquatica Forssk) samples in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2017; 173:44-50. [PMID: 27776844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The results of gross alpha and beta radioactivity measurement in water spinach samples from some districts in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam are presented in this paper. The measurements were performed using a low-background proportional counters LB4200 manufactured by Canberra Company, Inc. Mean concentrations of gross alpha and beta activity were found to be 1.50 ± 0.38 Bq kg-1 to 84.25 ± 8.67 Bq kg-1. In order to keep the recommended dose level, a recommended maximum intake of water spinach was proposed to be 6 kg fresh per year. The total annual committed effective dose due to natural radionuclides in water spinach samples was then found in range from 0.07 mSv y-1 to 0.82 mSv y-1. The dose from 26.32% of samples exceeds the exemption mean dose criterion of 0.3 mSv y-1 but complies with the upper dose principle of 1 mSv y-1 provided in UNSCEAR 2008 report. The estimated soil-to-plant transfer factors for gross alpha and beta for water spinach samples were also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cong Le
- Nuclear Technique Laboratory, VNUHCM-University of Science, Vietnam; Department of Nuclear Physics, Faculty of Physics and Engineering Physics, VNUHCM-University of Science, Vietnam.
| | - Thang Van Nguyen
- Nuclear Technique Laboratory, VNUHCM-University of Science, Vietnam
| | | | - Phuong Truc Huynh
- Nuclear Technique Laboratory, VNUHCM-University of Science, Vietnam; Department of Nuclear Physics, Faculty of Physics and Engineering Physics, VNUHCM-University of Science, Vietnam
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