1
|
Ali S, Baloch SB, Bernas J, Konvalina P, Onyebuchi EF, Naveed M, Ali H, Jamali ZH, Nezhad MTK, Mustafa A. Phytotoxicity of radionuclides: A review of sources, impacts and remediation strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117479. [PMID: 37884073 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Various anthropogenic activities and natural sources contribute to the presence of radioactive materials in the environment, posing a serious threat to phytotoxicity. Contamination of soil and water by radioactive isotopes degrades the environmental quality and biodiversity. They persist in soils for a considerable amount of time and disturb the fauna and flora of any affected area. Hence, their removal from the contaminated medium is inevitable to prevent their entry into the food chain and the organisms at higher levels of the food chain. Physicochemical methods for radioactive element remediation are effective; however, they are not eco-friendly, can be expensive and impractical for large-scale remediation. Contrastingly, different bioremediation approaches, such as phytoremediation using appropriate plant species for removing the radionuclides from the polluted sites, and microbe-based remediation, represent promising alternatives for cleanup. In this review, sources of radionuclides in soil as well as their hazardous impacts on plants are discussed. Moreover, various conventional physicochemical approaches used for remediation discussed in detail. Similarly, the effectiveness and superiority of various bioremediation approaches, such as phytoremediation and microbe-based remediation, over traditional approaches have been explained in detail. In the end, future perspectives related to enhancing the efficiency of the phytoremediation process have been elaborated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahzaib Ali
- Department of Agroecosystems, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Branišovská 1645/31A, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Sadia Babar Baloch
- Department of Agroecosystems, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Branišovská 1645/31A, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Bernas
- Department of Agroecosystems, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Branišovská 1645/31A, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Konvalina
- Department of Agroecosystems, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Branišovská 1645/31A, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Eze Festus Onyebuchi
- Department of Agroecosystems, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Branišovská 1645/31A, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Hassan Ali
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Zameer Hussain Jamali
- College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mohammad Tahsin Karimi Nezhad
- Department of Forest Ecology, The Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental 13 Gardening, Lidicka, 25/27, Brno, 60200, Czech Republic
| | - Adnan Mustafa
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou, 510650, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rong L, Zhang S, Wang J, Li S, Xie S, Wang G. Phytoremediation of uranium-contaminated soil by perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) enhanced with citric acid application. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:33002-33012. [PMID: 35020149 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18600-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) was planted in uranium-contaminated soil mixtures supplemented with different amounts of citric acid to investigate the defense strategies of perennial ryegrass against U and the enhanced mechanism of citric acid on the remediation efficiency in the laboratory. The uranium content in the plant tissues showed that the roots were the predominant tissue for uranium accumulation. In both root and shoot cells, the majority of U was located in the cell wall fraction. Furthermore, antioxidant enzymes were also stimulated when exposed to U stress. These results suggested that perennial ryegrass had evolved defense strategies, such as U sequestration in root tissue, compartmentalization in the cell wall, and antioxidant enzyme systems, to minimize uranium stress. For an enhanced mechanism, the optimal concentration of citric acid was 5 mmol/kg, and the removal efficiency of U in the shoots and roots increased by 47.37% and 30.10%, respectively. The treatment with 5 mmol/kg citric acid had the highest contents of photosynthetic pigment and soluble protein, the highest activity of antioxidant enzymes, and the lowest content of MDA (malondialdehyde) and relative electrical conductivity. Moreover, the TEM (transmission electron microscope) results revealed that after 5 mmol/kg citric acid was added, the cell structure of plant branches partially returned to normal, the number of mitochondria increased, chloroplast surfaces seemed normal, and the cell wall became visible. The damage to the cell ultrastructure of perennial ryegrass was significantly alleviated by treatment with 5 mmol/kg citric acid. All the results above indicated that perennial ryegrass could accumulate uranium with elevated uranium tolerance and enrichment ability with 5 mmol/kg citric acid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lishan Rong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqi Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyou Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuibo Xie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Girault F, Perrier F, Ourcival JM, Ferry R, Gaudemer Y, Bourges F, Didon-Lescot JF. Substratum influences uptake of radium-226 by plants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 766:142655. [PMID: 33153746 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Radium-226, an alpha emitter with half-life 1600 years, is ubiquitous in natural environments. Present in rocks and soils, it is also absorbed by vegetation. The efficiency of 226Ra uptake by plants from the soil is important to assess for the study of heavy metals uptake by plants, monitoring of radioactive pollution, and the biogeochemical cycle of radium in the Critical Zone. Using a thoroughly validated measurement method of effective 226Ra concentration (ECRa) in the laboratory, we compare ECRa values of the plant to that of the closest soil, and we infer the 226Ra soil-to-plant transfer ratio, RSP, for a total of 108 plant samples collected in various locations in France. ECRa values of plants range over five orders of magnitude with mean (min-max) of 1.66 ± 0.03 (0.020-113) Bq kg-1. Inferred RSP values range over four orders of magnitude with mean (min-max) of 0.0188 ± 0.0004 (0.00069-0.37). The mean RSP value of plants in granitic and metamorphic context (0.073 ± 0.002; n = 50) is significantly higher (12 ± 1 times) than that of plants in calcareous and sedimentary context (0.0058 ± 0.0002; n = 58). This difference, which cannot be attributed to a systematic difference in emanation coefficient, is likely due to the competition between calcium and radium. In a given substratum context, the compartments of a given plant species show coherent and decreasing RSP values in the following order (acropetal gradient): roots > bark > branches and stems ≈ leaves. Oak trees (Quercus genus) concentrate 226Ra more than other trees and plants in this set. While this study clearly demonstrates the influence of substratum on the 226Ra uptake by plants in non-contaminated areas, our measurement method appears as a promising practical tool to use for (phyto)remediation and its monitoring in uranium- and radium-contaminated areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Girault
- Université de Paris, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - Frédéric Perrier
- Université de Paris, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Ourcival
- CEFE, Université Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, F-34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Roxane Ferry
- Université de Paris, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Yves Gaudemer
- Université de Paris, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - François Bourges
- Géologie Environnement Conseil, 30 rue de la République, F-09200 Saint-Girons, France
| | - Jean-François Didon-Lescot
- Station de Recherches INRA/CNRS laboratoire ESPACE, 390 chemin des Boissières, F-30380 Saint Christol-lès-Alès, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
El-Gamal H, Hussien MT, Saleh EE. Evaluation of natural radioactivity levels in soil and various foodstuffs from Delta Abyan, Yemen. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/16878507.2019.1646523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hany El-Gamal
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Maher Taher Hussien
- Physics Department, Faculty of Education yafea, Aden University, Aden, Yemen
| | - Emran Eisa Saleh
- Physics Department, Faculty of Education Toor El-Baha, Aden University, Aden, Yemen
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nezami S, Malakouti MJ, Bahrami Samani A, Ghannadi Maragheh M. The role of organic acids on 226Ra transfer factor in corn (Zea mays L.). J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-017-5265-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
6
|
Shayeb MA, Alharbi T, Baloch MA, Rahman Alsamhan OA. Transfer factors for natural radioactivity into date palm pits. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2017; 167:75-79. [PMID: 27894743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Palm pits are used in various human and animal feed products. In this study, the natural radioactivity levels from soil and date palm pits of 9 samples collected from major date palm farms in three different regions (Buraidah, Al-Zulfi and Al-Majmaah) of Saudi Arabia were determined by using the high purity germanium (HPGe) gamma-ray spectrometer. The mean activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, 137Cs and 40K in soil samples were 12.8 ± 2.2, 10.2 ± 2.1, 0.28 ± 0.10 and 329 ± 87 Bg kg-1, respectively. Similarly the mean activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in date palm pits were 5.6 ± 1.2, 2.8 ± 0.4 and 181 ± 17 Bq kg-1, respectively, whereas 137Cs could not be detected. The geometric mean of TF values (geometric standard deviation in parentheses) of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were 0.33 (2.1), 0.22 (1.8) and 0.51 (2.0), respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abu Shayeb
- Al-majmaah University, Al-Zulfi, Saudi Arabia; Al-Hussien Bin Talal University, Ma'an, Jordan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|