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Vives I Batlle J, Biermans G, Copplestone D, Kryshev A, Melintescu A, Mothersill C, Sazykina T, Seymour C, Smith K, Wood MD. Towards an ecological modelling approach for assessing ionizing radiation impact on wildlife populations. JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION 2022; 42:020507. [PMID: 35467551 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/ac5dd0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The emphasis of the international system of radiological protection of the environment is to protect populations of flora and fauna. Throughout the MODARIA programmes, the United Nations' International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has facilitated knowledge sharing, data gathering and model development on the effect of radiation on wildlife. We present a summary of the achievements of MODARIA I and II on wildlife dose effect modelling, extending to a new sensitivity analysis and model development to incorporate other stressors. We reviewed evidence on historical doses and transgenerational effects on wildlife from radioactively contaminated areas. We also evaluated chemical population modelling approaches, discussing similarities and differences between chemical and radiological impact assessment in wildlife. We developed population modelling methodologies by sourcing life history and radiosensitivity data and evaluating the available models, leading to the formulation of an ecosystem-based mathematical approach. This resulted in an ecologically relevant conceptual population model, which we used to produce advice on the evaluation of risk criteria used in the radiological protection of the environment and a proposed modelling extension for chemicals. This work seeks to inform stakeholder dialogue on factors influencing wildlife population responses to radiation, including discussions on the ecological relevance of current environmental protection criteria. The area of assessment of radiation effects in wildlife is still developing with underlying data and models continuing to be improved. IAEA's ongoing support to facilitate the sharing of new knowledge, models and approaches to Member States is highlighted, and we give suggestions for future developments in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Vives I Batlle
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Boeretang 200, Mol, 2400, Belgium
| | - G Biermans
- Federal Agency for Nuclear Control, Rue Ravensteinstraat 36, Brussels, 1000, Belgium
| | - D Copplestone
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, United Kingdom
| | - A Kryshev
- Research and Production Association 'Typhoon', 4 Pobedy Str., Obninsk, Kaluga Region 249038, Russia
| | - A Melintescu
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics & Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest - Magurele, Romania
| | - C Mothersill
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - T Sazykina
- Research and Production Association 'Typhoon', 4 Pobedy Str., Obninsk, Kaluga Region 249038, Russia
| | - C Seymour
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - K Smith
- RadEcol Consulting Ltd, 5 The Chambers, Vineyard, Abingdon OX14 3PX, United Kingdom
| | - M D Wood
- School of Science, Engineering & Environment, University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, United Kingdom
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Morioka T, Blyth BJ, Imaoka T, Nishimura M, Takeshita H, Shimomura T, Ohtake J, Ishida A, Schofield P, Grosche B, Kulka U, Shimada Y, Yamada Y, Kakinuma S. Establishing the Japan-Store house of animal radiobiology experiments (J-SHARE), a large-scale necropsy and histopathology archive providing international access to important radiobiology data. Int J Radiat Biol 2019; 95:1372-1377. [PMID: 31145030 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1625458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Projects evaluating the effects of radiation, within the National Institutes of Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), have focused on risk analyses for life shortening and cancer prevalence using laboratory animals. Genetic and epigenetic alterations in radiation-induced tumors have been also analyzed with the aim of better understanding mechanisms of radiation carcinogenesis. As well as the economic and practical limitations of repeating such large-scale experiments, ethical considerations make it vital that we store and share the pathological data and samples of the animal experiments for future use. We are now constructing such an archive called the Japan-Storehouse of Animal Radiobiology Experiments (J-SHARE). Methods: J-SHARE records include information such as detailed experimental protocols, necropsy records and photographs of organs at necropsy. For each animal organs and tumor tissues are dissected, and parts are stored as frozen samples at -80 °C. Samples fixed with formalin are also embedded in paraffin blocks for histopathological analyses. Digital copies of stained tissues are being systematically saved using a virtual slide system linked to original records by barcodes. Embedded and frozen tissues are available for molecular analysis. Conclusion: Similar archive systems for radiation biology have also been under construction in the USA and Europe, the Northwestern University Radiation Archive (NURA), and STORE at the BfS, respectively. The J-SHARE will be linked with the sister-archives and made available for collaborative research to institutions and universities all over the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takamitsu Morioka
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology , Chiba , Japan
| | - Benjamin J Blyth
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology , Chiba , Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Imaoka
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology , Chiba , Japan
| | - Mayumi Nishimura
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology , Chiba , Japan
| | | | - Takeo Shimomura
- Department of Information Technology, NIRS, QST , Chiba , Japan
| | - Jun Ohtake
- Department of Information Technology, NIRS, QST , Chiba , Japan
| | - Atsuro Ishida
- Department of Information Technology, NIRS, QST , Chiba , Japan
| | - Paul Schofield
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge , Cambridge , UK
| | - Bernd Grosche
- Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Radiation and Health , Oberschleissheim , Germany
| | - Ulrike Kulka
- Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Radiation and Health , Oberschleissheim , Germany
| | | | - Yutaka Yamada
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology , Chiba , Japan.,Fukushima Project Headquarters, NIRS, QST , Chiba , Japan
| | - Shizuko Kakinuma
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology , Chiba , Japan
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Simon O, Barjhoux I, Camilleri V, Gagnaire B, Cavalié I, Orjollet D, Darriau F, Pereira S, Beaugelin-Seillers K, Adam-Guillermin C. Uptake, depuration, dose estimation and effects in zebrafish exposed to Am-241 via dietary route. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2018; 193-194:68-74. [PMID: 30199762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Zebrafish were chronically exposed to Am-241, an alpha-emitting radionuclide via daily consumption of an enriched artificial diet. Am-241 uptake was quantified in Danio rerio after 5 and 21 days of exposure via daily Am-spiked food ingestion and after 21 days of exposure followed by 5 days of depuration. Americium accumulates mostly in digestive tract, muscle, rest of the body but the accumulation levels and trophic transfer rate (0.033-0.013%) were low. Corresponding cumulative doses were calculated for the whole body (9 mGy) and for the digestive tract (42 mGy) with internal alpha radiation contributing to more than 99% of the total dose. Genotoxic effects (gamma-H2AX assay) and differential gene expressions of main biological functions were examined. Although fish were exposed to a low dose rate of 13 μGy h-1, DNA integrity and gene expression linked to oxidative stress, hormonal signaling and spermatogenesis were altered after 21 days of Am-241 exposure. These results underline the higher toxicity of alpha emitter Am-241, as compared to other studies on gamma radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Simon
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) PSE ENV SRTE LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France.
| | - I Barjhoux
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) PSE ENV SRTE LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - V Camilleri
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) PSE ENV SRTE LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - B Gagnaire
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) PSE ENV SRTE LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - I Cavalié
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) PSE ENV SRTE LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - D Orjollet
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) PSE ENV SRTE LR2T, Cadarache, Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - F Darriau
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) PSE ENV SRTE LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - S Pereira
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) PSE ENV SRTE LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - K Beaugelin-Seillers
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) PSE ENV SRTE LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - C Adam-Guillermin
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) PSE ENV SRTE LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France
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Vo NTK, Sokeechand BSH, Seymour CB, Mothersill CE. Influence of chronic low-dose/dose-rate high-LET irradiation from radium-226 in a human colorectal carcinoma cell line. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 156:697-704. [PMID: 28477580 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate potential damages of chronic environmentally relevant low-dose/dose-rate high-LET irradiation from a naturally occurring alpha-emitting radionuclide (radium-226, 226Ra) on a human colorectal carcinoma HCT116 p53+/+ cell line. METHODS Clonogenic survival assays and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) measurement with a sensitive fluorescent MMP probe JC-1 were performed in HCT116 p53+/+ cells chronically exposure to low doses/dose rates of 226Ra with high-LET. Comparisons were made with the human non-transformed keratinocyte HaCaT cell line and acute low-dose direct low-LET gamma radiation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The chronic low-dose/dose-rate alpha radiation (CLD/DRAR) did not reduce the clonogenic survival of HCT116 p53+/+ cells over the period of 70 days of exposure. Only one significant reduction in the HCT116 p53+/+ cells' clonogenic survival was when cells were grown with 10,000mBq/mL 226Ra for 40 days and progeny cells were clonogenically assessed in the presence of 10,000mBq/mL 226Ra. The cumulative doses that cells received during this period ranged from 0.05 to 46.2mGy. The mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) dropped initially in both HCT116 p53+/+ and HaCaT cells in response to CLD/DRAR. The MMP in HCT116 p53+/+ cells recovered more quickly at all dose points than and that in HaCaT cells until the end of the exposure period. The highest dose rate of 0.66mGy/day depolarized the HaCaT's mitochondria more consistently during the exposure period. The faster recovery status of the MMP in HCT116 p53+/+ cells than that in HaCaT cells was also observed after exposure to acute low-dose gamma rays. Overall, it was found that CLD/DRAR had little impact on the MMP of human colorectal cancer and keratinocyte cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen T K Vo
- Radiation Sciences Program, School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - Bibi S H Sokeechand
- Radiation Sciences Program, School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Colin B Seymour
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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