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Santos Gusmão A, Silva Conceição JC, Moreira de Queiros Santos S, Lima Sampaio Pereira C, Siqueira de Almeida Chaves D, de Jesus Nicácio K, Aparecida Chagas-Paula D, de Oliveira Silva E. Untargeted Metabolomic to Access Chemical Differences Induced by Dual Endophyte Cultures Isolated from Euphorbia Umbellata. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400395. [PMID: 38623912 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi live asymptomatically inside vegetal tissues, and such uncommon habitat contributes to their exceptional chemical diversity. Isolating natural products from endophytic fungi could fail due to silent biosynthetic gene clusters under ordinary in vitro culture conditions, and co-culturing has been assayed to trigger their metabolism. We carried out single and dual cultures with 13 endophyte strains isolated from Euphorbia umbellata leaves. Multivariate statistics applied to untargeted metabolomics compared the chemical profiles of all endophyte cultures. PCA analysis guided the selection of the Aspergillus pseudonomiae J1 - Porogramme brasiliensis J9 dual culture for its most significant chemical differentiation: Five compounds were putatively annotated in the J1-J9 culture according to UHPLC-HRMS data, kojic acid, haliclonol and its diastereoisomer, caffeic acid, and 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde. Analysis by PLS-DA using VIP score showed that kojic acid displayed the most significative importance in discriminating single and dual J1-J9 cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Santos Gusmão
- Departament of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, 40170-115, Brazil
| | - João Carlos Silva Conceição
- Departament of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, 40170-115, Brazil
| | | | - Cecilia Lima Sampaio Pereira
- Departament of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, 40170-115, Brazil
| | - Douglas Siqueira de Almeida Chaves
- Pharmaceutical Science Department, Health and Biological Science Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 23897-000, Brazil
| | | | | | - Eliane de Oliveira Silva
- Departament of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, 40170-115, Brazil
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Latansio de Oliveira T, Reder Custodio de Souza A, Dias Fontana P, Carvalho Carneiro M, Beltrame FL, de Messias Reason IJ, Bavia L. Bioactive Secondary Plant Metabolites from Euphorbia umbellata (PAX) BRUYNS (Euphorbiaceae). Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200568. [PMID: 36259393 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The species Euphorbia umbellata has been used to treat inflammatory diseases, cancer, and ulcers. Biological activities reported in the literature, including antiproliferative, cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory, are attributed to the chemical constituents present in its composition as terpenes and polyphenolic compounds. The most recurrently verified metabolites in the Euphorbiaceae family plant species are terpenes, of which euphol is a major constituent with broadly reported cytotoxic, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects; it frequently appears in various extracts obtained from the plant. Euphol has a documented inhibitory effect on neutrophil chemotaxis and can modulate the complement system. Since complement system activation is intimately intertwined with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, tumor growth promotion and metastasis, plant metabolites from Euphorbia umbellata might influence the outcomes of inflammatory processes. We believe that this is the first review presenting the current knowledge on Euphorbia umbellata secondary metabolites and their biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Latansio de Oliveira
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, UniCesumar, Desembargador Westphalen, 60, 84036-350, Paraná, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Ariádine Reder Custodio de Souza
- Department of Food Engineering, State University of Midwest, Alameda Élio Antonio Dalla Vecchia, 838, 85040-167, Paraná, Guarapuava, Brazil
| | - Pâmela Dias Fontana
- Department of Medical Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, 80060-900, Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Milena Carvalho Carneiro
- Department of Immunology, University of São Paulo, Prof. Lineu Prestes Avenue, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávio Luís Beltrame
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, State University of Ponta Grossa, Avenue General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, 84030-900, Paraná, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Iara Jose de Messias Reason
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, State University of Ponta Grossa, Avenue General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, 84030-900, Paraná, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Lorena Bavia
- Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Avenida Coronel Francisco H. dos Santos, 100, 19031, 81531-980, Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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Gull S, Farooq K, Tayyeb A, Imran Arshad M, Shahzad N. Ethanolic extracts of Pakistani euphorbiaceous plants induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells through induction of DNA damage and caspase-dependent pathway. Gene 2022; 824:146401. [PMID: 35276236 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous plants of Euphorbiaceae, thespurgefamily are traditionally used for the treatment of different diseases and recent studies also reported anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor activities of these plants. However, the medicinal potential of several indigenous euphorbiaceous plants of Pakistan is not described yet. Therefore, we intended to evaluate the in vitro anti-breast cancer potential of 10 euphorbiaceous plants of Pakistan. METHODS Cytotoxic screening of ethanolic extracts of selected plants was performed by MTT assay. The qualitative phytochemical analysis was performed to find the major groups of chemicals responsible for cytotoxic activity. To determine the genotoxic effect of plant extracts, microscopic analysis was carried out. Flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopic analysis were done to detect apoptosis. To find out the expression analysis of cell cycle and cell death regulatory genes, quantitative real-time polymerase reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed. RESULTS Among the 10 tested plants, ethanolic extracts of Croton tiglium (CTL) and Euphorbia royleana (ERA) were found to possess the highest anti-proliferative activity against breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231, MCF-7), with IC50 values 100 and 80 µg/mL respectively. The phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, and steroids in both plant extracts, whereas, glycosides and saponins were found only in CTL and ERA, respectively. The cellular aberrations and nuclear morphologies with a distinct DNA laddering pattern substantiated the genotoxic effects. Furthermore, our data showed that CTL and ERA induce cell cycle arrest at the G1/S phase by down-regulating the CDK4 and Cyclin D1 expression followed by caspase-dependent induction of apoptosis in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. However, based on the activation of initiator and executioner caspases, two distinct types of apoptotic pathways are proposed for these plants. The CTL prompted extrinsic while ERA triggered the intrinsic pathways of apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate the strong anti-proliferative and caspase-dependent apoptotic potential of CTL and ERA against breast cancer cells. Further studies are suggested to find clinical implications of these plants in breast cancer therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheereen Gull
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Kokab Farooq
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Asima Tayyeb
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan.
| | | | - Naveed Shahzad
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan.
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Anti-tumor metabolites from Synadenium grantii Hook F. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02867-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Malara FA, Matos DC, Ribeiro LCA, Falcoski TOR, Andrade TJAS, Santos VNC, Lima NM, Carlos IZ. Medicinal Plants from Brazilian Cerrado Biome: Potential sources of new anti-inflammatory compounds and antitumor agents on Ehrlich carcinoma. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 93:e20191101. [PMID: 34730736 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120191101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This work describes a pharmacological screening of Brazilian medicinal plants through their anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity activities. Cytotoxicity activity of Mouriri elliptica and Alchornea glandulosa as well as the drugs celecoxib and doxorubicin were evaluated in cultures of peritoneal macrophages. The immune system influence of these samples was analyzed by determining production/inhibition of NO, production of tumor necrosis factor-α and production of interleukin-10. Regarding the production/inhibition of NO, there was NO production by M. elliptica and NO inhibition when the cells were exposed to A. glandulosa; Macrophages generally produce more NO, plus TNF-α and less IL-10, when associated to the tumor phenomenon, characterizing the inflammation involved in cancer. A. glandulosa showed anti-inflammatory effect, inhibited NO production and it was associated with low TNF-α production, although not as low as the macrophages associated with celecoxib and doxorubicin. These cytokines were not different in animals with tumor. Celecoxib confirms its anti-inflammatory action by markedly inhibiting NO and TNF-α, but also inhibiting IL-10 which is an anti-inflammatory cytokine. Doxorubicin inhibited NO in a higher percentage in the group of animals with tumor, although the literature reports that this drug stimulates the production of NO and this collaborates with its cytotoxic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio A Malara
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"/UNESP, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Rod. Araraquara-Jaú Km 1, Machados, 14800-901 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Djamile C Matos
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"/UNESP, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Rod. Araraquara-Jaú Km 1, Machados, 14800-901 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Lívia C A Ribeiro
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"/UNESP, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Rod. Araraquara-Jaú Km 1, Machados, 14800-901 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Thais O R Falcoski
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"/UNESP, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Rod. Araraquara-Jaú Km 1, Machados, 14800-901 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Teresinha J A S Andrade
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"/UNESP, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Rod. Araraquara-Jaú Km 1, Machados, 14800-901 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa N C Santos
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas/UFAM, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas/ICB, Av. General Rodrigo Octavio Jordão Ramos, 1200, Coroado I, 69067-005 Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Nerilson M Lima
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora/UFJF, Instituto de Ciências Exatas/ICE, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, s/n, São Pedro, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Iracilda Z Carlos
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"/UNESP, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Rod. Araraquara-Jaú Km 1, Machados, 14800-901 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Arantes DAC, Silva ACGD, Lima EM, Alonso ECP, Marreto RN, Mendonça EF, Valadares MC, Batista AC. Biological effects of formulation containing curcuminoids and Bidens Pilosa L. in oral carcinoma cell line. Braz Oral Res 2021; 35:e063. [PMID: 34076188 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
FITOPROT, which contains curcuminoids and Bidens pilosa L. extract, is an innovative mucoadhesive formulation indicated for the topical treatment of chemoradiotherapy-induced oral mucositis (OM) in patients with advanced and visible oral squamous cell carcinoma. The formulation is used as a mouthwash directly on tumor tissue of patients with advanced neoplasms, without triggering cancer cell proliferation or tumor invasiveness. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the biological effects of FITOPROT on an oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line (SCC-4). The viability of SCC-4 cells was assessed after exposure to FITOPROT using MTT reduction assay. The effects of the mucoadhesive formulation on cell cycle progression and cell death parameters were evaluated using flow cytometry. In addition, the inflammatory profile of the tumor cells was evaluated using the cytometric bead array (CBA) assay. FITOPROT promoted a concentration-dependent decrease in cell viability and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase (p < 0.05). Mitochondrial membrane potential was also altered after exposure to the formulation (p < 0.05), in parallel with a reduction in VEGF and IL-8 production (p = 0.01 and p = 0.05, respectively). In summary, the results indicate that FITOPROT reduces SCC-4 cell viability, promotes cell cycle arrest, modulates mitochondrial membrane potential, and exhibits antiangiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties, thus indicating its potential for topical use in patients with OM and visible tumors in the mouth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Antonio Costa Arantes
- Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Dental School, Department of Stomatology (Oral Pathology), Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Artur Christian Garcia da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Pharmacy Faculty, Laboratory of Education and Research in Toxicology in Vitro, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Eliana Martins Lima
- Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Pharmacy Faculty, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Ellen Cristine Pineze Alonso
- Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Pharmacy Faculty, Laboratory of Nanosystems and Modified-Release Drugs Devices, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Neves Marreto
- Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Pharmacy Faculty, Laboratory of Nanosystems and Modified-Release Drugs Devices, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Marize Campos Valadares
- Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Pharmacy Faculty, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Cellular Toxicology, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Aline Carvalho Batista
- Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Dental School, Department of Stomatology (Oral Pathology), Goiânia, Brazil
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Brito ESA, Prado LDPT, Araújo LKC, Arnhold E, Matos MPC, de Paula JAM, Ramos LM, Fonseca-Alves CE, de Moura VMBD. Effects of the Latex of Synadenium grantii Hook F. ( Euphorbiaceae) on a Preclinical Model of Canine Prostate Cancer. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:605286. [PMID: 33912602 PMCID: PMC8071850 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.605286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostatic cancer (PC) stands out in terms of its occurrence, pathophysiology, and unfavorable prognostics in humans and dogs. Natural drugs bear an integrative potential for conventional antineoplastic treatments. In this context, the bioproducts of Synadenium grantii have been empirically used in different parts of Brazil for the integrative treatment of prostate cancer in humans. However, there is no availability of scientific evidence of the antitumor effects of S. grantii. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the bioactive compounds in the latex of S. grantii using the high-resolution mass spectrophotometry (HRMS) and to evaluate its cytotoxic effects on primary canine PC cell cultures. Four fragments of phorbol ester were identified as potential bioactive compounds using the HRMS. With the help of an MTT ([3-(4,5-dimethyldiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide]) assay, two canine prostatic carcinoma cell lines (PC 1 and PC2) showed a decrease in the tumor cell count, with an Inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50)of 0.8469 and 0.6068 mg/ml, respectively, for PC1 and PC2. In conclusion, the latex of S. grantii contains phorbol esters in its composition, and its aqueous solution has a cytotoxic effect on canine metastatic PC cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Emmanuel Arnhold
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás UFG, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Carlos Eduardo Fonseca-Alves
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of São Paulo—UNIP, Bauru, Brazil
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Adamude FA, Nwobodo NN, Dingwoke EJ, Aguh IB, Nwosu OE, Ubhenin A. Identification and characterization of lectin gene isolated from an indigenous Albizia lebbeck seeds. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2019.e00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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9
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Samrot AV, Sahiti K, Bhavya KS, Suvedhaa B. Synthesis of Plant Latex Based Hybrid Nanocarriers Using Surfactants for Curcumin Delivery. J CLUST SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-018-1472-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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10
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Cruz LS, de Oliveira TL, Kanunfre CC, Paludo KS, Minozzo BR, Prestes AP, Wang M, Fernandes D, Santos FAD, Manda VK, Khan SI, Ali Z, de Messias-Reason IJ, Avula B, Khan IA, Beltrame FL. Pharmacokinetics and cytotoxic study of euphol from Euphorbia umbellata (Bruyns) Pax latex. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 47:105-112. [PMID: 30166094 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medicinal plants are an important source to identify new active pharmaceutical compounds. Traditionally, the sap of Euphorbia umbellata is widely used to treat cancer and inflammatory conditions. These effects have been attributed to the presence of terpenes and phenolic compounds in the extracts of this plant. Euphol, a tetracyclic triterpene alcohol, is one of the major compounds present in Euphorbia species, and some biological activities have been attributed to this compound. PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity of euphol against Jurkat, HL-60, K-562, B16F10, and HRT-18 cells lines, as well as the biological stability, distribution, metabolism properties in vitro, and the determination of the concentration of euphol in the plasma and liver of rats. METHODS The MTT reduction assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of euphol against cancer cell lines, and the selectivity index, the morphology and cell cycle assays to evaluate the death mechanisms in K-562 and B16F10 lineages. UHPLC-MS was applied for the in vivo evaluation of the concentration of euphol in plasma and liver, and in vitro metabolic stability in human liver microsomes and S9 fraction, plasma protein binding, and stability in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids assays. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that euphol exhibited cytotoxic effects against a variety of cancer cells lines, selectivity against leukemia and possibly, the mechanism involved is apoptosis. The evaluation of stability, distribution, and metabolism properties showed that euphol was unstable in gastric and intestinal fluids, presenting moderate plasma protein binding with two hours elimination half-life and possible phase II liver metabolism. All the results suggested that further studies could be developed to prove the viability of euphol as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza S Cruz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Carlos Cavalcanti Avenue, 4748, Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná 84030-900, Brazil
| | - Thais L de Oliveira
- Department of Medical Pathology, Federal University of Parana, General Carneiro Street, 460, Downtown, Curitiba, Paraná 80060-900, Brazil
| | - Carla C Kanunfre
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biology and Genetics, State University of Ponta Grossa, Carlos Cavalcanti Avenue, 4748, Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná 84030-900, Brazil
| | - Katia S Paludo
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biology and Genetics, State University of Ponta Grossa, Carlos Cavalcanti Avenue, 4748, Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná 84030-900, Brazil
| | - Bruno R Minozzo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Carlos Cavalcanti Avenue, 4748, Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná 84030-900, Brazil
| | - Ana P Prestes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Carlos Cavalcanti Avenue, 4748, Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná 84030-900, Brazil
| | - Mei Wang
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Daniel Fernandes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Carlos Cavalcanti Avenue, 4748, Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná 84030-900, Brazil
| | - Fábio A Dos Santos
- Department of Dendistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Carlos Cavalcanti Avenue, 4748, Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná 84030-900, Brazil
| | - Vamshi K Manda
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Shabana I Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Zulfiqar Ali
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Iara J de Messias-Reason
- Department of Medical Pathology, Federal University of Parana, General Carneiro Street, 460, Downtown, Curitiba, Paraná 80060-900, Brazil
| | - Bharathi Avula
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Ikhlas A Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Flávio L Beltrame
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Carlos Cavalcanti Avenue, 4748, Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná 84030-900, Brazil.
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Santos GJL, Oliveira ES, Pinheiro ADN, da Costa PM, de Freitas JCC, de Araújo Santos FG, Maia FMM, de Morais SM, Nunes-Pinheiro DCS. Himatanthus drasticus (Apocynaceae) latex reduces oxidative stress and modulates CD4 +, CD8 +, FoxP3 + and HSP-60 + expressions in Sarcoma 180-bearing mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 220:159-168. [PMID: 29079220 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In Brazil, latex of Himatanthus drasticus is used to treat inflammation, wound healing and cancer. The present study evaluated the antitumoral potential of H. drasticus latex (HdCL) in Sarcoma 180-bearing mice (S180). MATERIALS AND METHODS HdCL was obtained in Crato-CE, Brazil. Qualitative phytochemicals assays, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and microbiological analyzes were performed. Swiss mice were divided into six groups, according to tumor forms: 1) ascitic model, GI (Control; 0.9% saline), GII (S180asc) and GIII (S180asc/HdCL/14 days); 2) solid model, GIV (Control; 0.9% saline), GV (S180sol) and GVI (S180sol/HdCL/10 days). HdCL and 0.9% saline were administered at 0.2 mL, SID, by gavage, for 10 or 14 days. For ascitic model, 0.5 mL of S180 suspension (4×106 cells/mL) was inoculated intraperitoneally and for solid model, cells were inoculated subcutaneously (25 µL) on the right hind paw of mice. Blood samples were collected for hematological and oxidative stress evaluation. Thickness, volume and weight of paws were measured in solid model. After euthanasia, spleen, liver and kidney were collected in order to assess the relative organ weight. Tissue fragments of paws and popliteal lymph nodes (PLN) were analyzed by H&E and CD4+, CD8+, HSP-60+ and Foxp3+ immunohistochemistry. RESULTS HdCL presented milky aspect and pinkish supernatant. Phenols, flavonols, flavanones, free steroids and cinnamoyl derivatives of lupeol, α-amyrin and β-amyrin were detected at the phytochemistry analysis. HdCL did not alter the relative weight of organs, hematological parameters and volume of ascitic fluid recovered. In solid model, HdCL reduced (P < 0.05) paw volume, but did not altered thickness, paw weight and histological parameters. S180sol induced necrosis, metastasis and destruction of bone, cartilage and muscles. Bleeding, vessel congestion and oncocytes were observed in PLN. In paw, HdCL did not alter FoxP3+ and HSP-60+ expressions but reduced the CD4+ and CD8+ expressions, while at PLN, HdCL reduced the expressions of all markers. HdCL decreased (P < 0.05) serum levels of malondialdehyde in ascitic model. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with HdCL reduced oxidative damage and modulated the expressions of CD4+, CD8+, FoxP3+and HSP-60+ in S180 solid tumor model, which can be associated to the presence of triterpenes, such as α-amyrin, β-amyrin and lupeol cinnamate. Present data emphasizes the importance of immune system in cancer and highlights the evaluation of the pharmacological properties of plants used by population as phytoterapics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glauco Jonas Lemos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE), Avenida Dr Silas Munguba, 1700, Campus do Itaperi, CEP 60.740-002 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Emanuele Silva Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia e Genética Molecular, Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Alexandre Baraúna, 994, Rodolfo Teófilo, CEP 60.430-160 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Ana Débora Nunes Pinheiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Laboratório de Algas Marinhas, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patricia Marçal da Costa
- Faculdade Estácio do Ceará, Rua Eliseu Uchôa Beco, Patriolino Ribeiro, CEP 60.810-270 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - José Claudio Carneiro de Freitas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE), Avenida Dr Silas Munguba, 1700, Campus do Itaperi, CEP 60.740-002 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Maria Machado Maia
- Laboratório de Nutrição Funcional - Centro de Ciências Biomédicas/Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE), Avenida Silas Munguba, Campus do Itaperi, 1700, CEP 60.740-002 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Selene Maia de Morais
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE), Avenida Dr Silas Munguba, 1700, Campus do Itaperi, CEP 60.740-002 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Diana Célia Sousa Nunes-Pinheiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE), Avenida Dr Silas Munguba, 1700, Campus do Itaperi, CEP 60.740-002 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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Rajathurai S, Kannabiran P, Parameswaran S. Ocular toxicity in human subjects through accidental exposure to latex of Euphorbia umbellata (Pax) bruyns. Anc Sci Life 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/asl.asl_77_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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13
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da Mota MF, de Carvalho FS, de Ávila RI, de Ávila PHM, Cortez AP, Menegatti R, Sabino JR, Dos Santos TRM, Gomes SA, da Cunha LC, Valadares MC. LQFM030 reduced Ehrlich ascites tumor cell proliferation and VEGF levels. Life Sci 2017; 201:1-8. [PMID: 29278686 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study reports the biological properties of LQFM030 in vivo, a molecular simplification of the compound nutlin-1. MAIN METHODS Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT)-bearing mice were treated intraperitoneally with LQFM030 (50, 75 or 150mg/kg) for 10days to determine changes in ascites tumor volume, body weight, cytotoxicity and angiogenesis. Moreover, flow cytometric expression of p53 and p21 proteins and caspase-3/7, -8 and -9 activation were investigated in EAT cells from mice treated. Acute oral systemic toxicity potential of LQFM030 in mice was also investigated using an alternative method. KEY FINDINGS Treatment of EAT-bearing mice with LQFM030 resulted in a marked decline in tumor cell proliferation and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels along with enhanced survival of the mice. Apoptotic tumor cell death was detected through p53 and p21 modulation and increase of caspase-3/7, -8 and -9 activity. LQFM030 also showed orally well tolerated, being classified in the UN GHS category 5 (LD50>2000-5000mg/Kg). SIGNIFICANCE LQFM030 seems to be a promising antitumor candidate for combinatory therapy with typical cytotoxic compounds, reducing the toxicity burden while allowing a superior anticancer activity. Moreover, these data also open new perspectives for LQFM030 as an antiangiogenic agent for treatment of diseases involving VEGF overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Flavia da Mota
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Flávio Silva de Carvalho
- Laboratório de Química Farmacêutica Medicinal (LQFM), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Renato Ivan de Ávila
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Alane Pereira Cortez
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Menegatti
- Laboratório de Química Farmacêutica Medicinal (LQFM), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - José Ricardo Sabino
- Laboratório de Cristalografia, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Thais Rosa Marques Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Sandro Antônio Gomes
- Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas Tóxico-Farmacológicas (NEPET), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos da Cunha
- Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas Tóxico-Farmacológicas (NEPET), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Marize Campos Valadares
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
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Palharini JG, Richter AC, Silva MF, Ferreira FB, Pirovani CP, Naves KSC, Goulart VA, Mineo TWP, Silva MJB, Santiago FM. Eutirucallin: A Lectin with Antitumor and Antimicrobial Properties. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:136. [PMID: 28487845 PMCID: PMC5403948 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Eutirucallin is a lectin isolated from the latex of Euphorbia tirucalli, a plant known for its medical properties. The present study explores various characteristics of Eutirucallin including stability, cytotoxicity against tumor cells, antimicrobial and antiparasitic activities. Eutirucallin was stable from 2 to 40 days at 4°C, maintained hemagglutinating activity within a restricted range, and showed optimal activity at pH 7.0–8.0. Eutirucallin presented antiproliferative activity for HeLa, PC3, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7 tumor cells but was not cytotoxic for non-tumorigenic cells such as macrophages and fibroblasts. Eutirucallin inhibited the Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in vivo and it was also observed that Eutirucallin inhibited 62.5% of Escherichia coli growth. Also, Eutirucallin showed to be effective when tested directly against Toxoplasma gondii infection in vitro. Therefore, this study sheds perspectives for pharmacological applications of Eutirucallin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio G Palharini
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology "Dr. Mario Endsfeldz Camargo", Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of UberlândiaUberlândia, Brazil
| | - Aline C Richter
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology "Dr. Mario Endsfeldz Camargo", Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of UberlândiaUberlândia, Brazil
| | - Mariana F Silva
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology "Dr. Mario Endsfeldz Camargo", Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of UberlândiaUberlândia, Brazil
| | - Flavia B Ferreira
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology "Dr. Mario Endsfeldz Camargo", Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of UberlândiaUberlândia, Brazil
| | - Carlos P Pirovani
- Biological Sciences Department, State University of Santa CruzIlhéus, Brazil
| | - Karinne S C Naves
- Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of UberlândiaUberlândia, Brazil
| | - Vivian A Goulart
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of UberlândiaUberlândia, Brazil
| | - Tiago W P Mineo
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology "Dr. Mario Endsfeldz Camargo", Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of UberlândiaUberlândia, Brazil
| | - Marcelo J B Silva
- Laboratory of Tumor Biomarkers and Osteoimmunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of UberlândiaUberlândia, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M Santiago
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology "Dr. Mario Endsfeldz Camargo", Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of UberlândiaUberlândia, Brazil
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Euphorbia umbellata bark extracts – an in vitro cytotoxic study. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Shen L, Zhang SQ, Liu L, Sun Y, Wu YX, Xie LP, Liu JC. Jolkinolide A and Jolkinolide B Inhibit Proliferation of A549 Cells and Activity of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:223-237. [PMID: 28087861 PMCID: PMC5256368 DOI: 10.12659/msm.902704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Jolkinolide A (JA) and Jolkinolide B (JB) are diterpenoids extracted from the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud and have been shown to have anti-tumor activity. However, their effects on the ability of tumor cells to invade blood vessels and metastasize remain largely unknown. Investigations into the effects of JA and JB on the angiogenesis of tumor tissues may facilitate the identification of new natural drugs with anti-tumor growth and metastasis activities. Material/Methods We used different concentrations of JA and JB (20 μg/ml, 40 μg/ml, 60 μg/ml, 80 μg/ml, and 100 μg/ml) to stimulate A549 cells and then studied the effects on the growth and metastasis of lung cancers. In addition, we used conditional media from A549 cells (A549-CM) stimulated by either JA or JB in different concentrations to culture human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Results We found that both JA and JB significantly inhibited the Akt-STAT3-mTOR signaling pathway and reduced the expression of VEGF in A549 cells, but JB exhibited more significant inhibitory effects than JA. The JB-stimulated A549 cell conditional media had a greater inhibitory effect on the proliferation and migration of HUVECs than did the conditional media of JA-stimulated A549 cells. This effect gradually increased with increasing concentrations of either type of Jolkinolide. Conclusions Our results suggest that JA and JB inhibited VEGF expression in A549 cells through the inhibition of the Akt-STAT3-mTOR signaling pathway, and directly inhibited the proliferation and migration of HUVECs. These findings are of great significance for the development of new plant-derived chemotherapy agents for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shen
- Qigihar Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China (mainland).,Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Shan-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Lei Liu
- Qigihar Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yu Sun
- Qigihar Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yu-Xuan Wu
- Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Li-Ping Xie
- Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Ji-Cheng Liu
- Qigihar Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
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Minozzo BR, Lemes BM, Justo ADS, Lara JE, Petry VEK, Fernandes D, Belló C, Vellosa JCR, Campagnoli EB, Nunes OC, Kitagawa RR, Avula B, Khan IA, Beltrame FL. Anti-ulcer mechanisms of polyphenols extract of Euphorbia umbellata (Pax) Bruyns (Euphorbiaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 191:29-40. [PMID: 27301616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Euphorbia umbellata (leitosinha) is used in southern Brazilian folk medicine to treat gastric problems, as well as for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. AIM OF STUDY To evaluate the anti-ulcer effects of methanolic bark fraction (MF) against in vivo and in vitro assays, as well as an antioxidant, antibacterial and chromatographic study of this fraction. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vivo anti-ulcer activity was performed using ethanol and indomethacin models with different MF concentrations (50, 100 or 200mg/Kg). The stomachs of the animals were applied to histological evaluation, and the serum to evaluate the ABTS(•+) radical capture. The 200mg/Kg dose was used to analyze the mechanisms involved in antiulcerogenic properties of methanolic fraction. The in vitro activity was performed using several different antioxidant assays, in addition to anti-Helicobacter pylori and anti-urease experiments. The chromatographic study was carried out by LC-MS analysis. RESULTS Pharmacological investigation of the MF showed an anti-ulcer potential in ethanol and indomethacin in vivo assays. The material presented a high antioxidant activity for several oxidant in vitro systems (DPPH(•), ABTS(•+), O2(•-), HOCl, TauCl and HRP), as well as an ABTS(•+) capture increasing (7.5%) by the treated animals serum (when compared to the negative control). Prostaglandins, nitric oxide/ cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway and involvement of the protein components of the glutathione complex are some of the mechanisms related with this potential anti-ulcer action. The histological examination of the stomachs of the animals showed that the MF also prevents local action of offensive agents. Chemical analysis using LC-QTOF-MS revealed the presence of ellagic and gallic acid derivatives and flavonols. CONCLUSION The findings provide scientific basis to the ethnopharmacological purpose of the studied plant and the biological activities of MF of E. umbellata stem bark may be due to the presence of phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Rodrigo Minozzo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Mikulis Lemes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Aline da Silva Justo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Jheniffer Ellen Lara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Fernandes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Caroline Belló
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Rebuglio Vellosa
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bauml Campagnoli
- Department of Odontology, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Otalíbio Castiglione Nunes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 29040-090, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Rezende Kitagawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 29040-090, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Bharathi Avula
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, Oxford 38677, MS, USA
| | - Ikhlas Ahmad Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, Oxford 38677, MS, USA
| | - Flávio Luis Beltrame
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil.
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Luz LE, Paludo KS, Santos VL, Franco CR, Klein T, Silva RZ, Beltrame FL, Budel JM. Cytotoxicity of latex and pharmacobotanical study of leaves and stem of Euphorbia umbellata (Janaúba). REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Multicompartimental nanoparticles for co-encapsulation and multimodal drug delivery to tumor cells and neovasculature. Pharm Res 2013; 31:1106-19. [PMID: 24170281 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-013-1234-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this work was the development of a multicompartimental nanocarrier for the simultaneous encapsulation of paclitaxel (PTX) and genistein (GEN), associating antiangiogenic and cytotoxic properties in order to potentiate antitumoral activity. METHOD Polymeric nanocapsules containing PTX were obtained by interfacial deposition of preformed polymer and coated with a phospholipid bilayer entrapping GEN. Physical-chemical and morphological characteristics were characterized, including size and size distribution, drug entrapment efficiency and drug release profile. In vivo studies were performed in EAT bearing Swiss mice. RESULTS Entrapment efficiency for both drugs in the nanoparticles was approximately 98%. Average particle diameter was 150 nm with a monomodal distribution. In vitro assays showed distinct temporal drug release profiles for each drug. The dose of 0.2 mg/kg/day of PTX resulted in 11% tumor inhibition, however the association of 12 mg/kg/day of GEN promoted 44% tumor inhibition and a 58% decrease in VEGF levels. CONCLUSIONS Nanoparticles containing GEN and PTX with a temporal pattern of drug release indicated that the combined effect of cytotoxic and antiangiogenic drugs present in the formulation contributed to the overall enhanced antitumor activity of the nanomedicine.
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de Oliveira TL, Munhoz ACM, Lemes BM, Minozzo BR, Nepel A, Barison A, Fávero GM, Campagnoli EB, Beltrame FL. Antitumoural effect of Synadenium grantii Hook f. (Euphorbiaceae) latex. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 150:263-269. [PMID: 24008110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 08/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Synadenium grantii Hook f. has traditionally been used to treat various neoplastic diseases in southern Brazil. AIM OF STUDY Evaluation of the antitumoural potential of Synadenium grantii latex against B16F10 melanoma cell line using in vitro and in vivo models, as well as a phytochemical study of the latex. MATERIALS AND METHODS The in vitro antitumoural activity was performed using MTT and trypan blue assays with different latex concentrations (1.7 µg-7.0 µg/well and 1.22 mg-4.88 mg/well). Flow cytometry was used to determine the progression of the cell cycle. The in vivo activity was performed by subcutaneously injecting melanoma cells in the dorsum of C57BL6 mice, followed by treating the mice with a popular form of use of the latex (garrafada) administered orally. After sacrificing the animals, histological analysis of the organs was performed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The phytochemical study of the latex was performed by NMR and chromatographic procedures and the extracts and isolated substances were evaluated by IR, 1D and 2D NMR analysis. RESULTS The Synadenium grantii latex exhibited decreased cell viability of the melanoma line in a concentration and time-dependent manner, and also cell cycle arrest in the S-G2/M phase. The latex caused a 40% reduction in the volume of tumours of the mice with melanomas. Histological examination of the organs of these animals showed no differences between groups. The phytochemical investigation resulted in the isolation and identification of triterpene euphol and the steroid citrostadienol, which were tested against the strain of melanoma. Euphol showed no antitumoural activity, while the steroid citrostadienol showed reduced cytotoxic activity. CONCLUSION The Synadenium grantii latex presented in vitro and in vivo cytotoxic effects with antitumoural activity against B16F10 melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Latansio de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, State University of Ponta Grossa, General Carlos Cavalcanti Avenue 4748, Ponta Grossa 84030-900, Paraná, Brazil
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Mota MFD, Benfica PL, Valadares MC. Synadenium umbellatum Pax. promotes cell cycle arrest and induces apoptosis in K-562 leukemia cells. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502012000300017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative disease that shows apoptosis resistance. The introduction of imatinib mesylate has revolutionized the treatment of CML, but imatinib resistance may develop at any time and inevitably leads to disease progression. Synadenium umbellatum Pax. belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family and is popularly used in Brazil for the treatment of cancer. The cytotoxicity of Euphorbiaceae is associated with the ability of these plants and their bioactive compounds to induce apoptotic tumor cell death. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity and the mechanisms of death induced by S. umbellatum extract in leukemic cells. S. umbellatum cytotoxicity was evaluated by trypan blue exclusion assay and flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle; the mechanisms involved in K-562 cell death were investigated by light microscopy and flow cytometry. The results demonstrate that S. umbellatum is cytotoxic to leukemic cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Morphological analysis revealed that S. umbellatum treatment induced K-562 cell death by an apoptotic pathway. Furthermore, data indicate ROS overproduction, alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential, phosphatidylserine externalization and activation of caspase 9. Taken together, the results demonstrate that S. umbellatum extract arrested the cell cycle and triggered apoptosis at several levels in K-562 cells.
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da Mota MF, Benfica PL, Batista AC, Martins FS, de Paula JR, Valadares MC. Investigation of Ehrlich ascites tumor cell death mechanisms induced by Synadenium umbellatum Pax. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 139:319-329. [PMID: 21549815 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Revised: 04/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Synadenium umbellatum Pax. is widely found in South America and empirically used in Brazil for the treatment of several diseases, mainly cancer. The aim of the study was to investigate cell death mechanisms induced by Synadenium umbellatum Pax. using Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT) cells, as well as the myelotoxicity potential of this plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS S. umbellatum cytotoxicity was evaluated in EAT cells by trypan blue exclusion and MTT reduction test and the mechanisms involved in EAT cell death were investigated by light and fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry. Investigation of S. umbellatum myelotoxicity was performed by clonogenic assay of colony forming unit- granulocyte macrophage (CFU-GM). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that S. umbellatum decreased the viability of EAT cells using both methods. Morphological analyses revealed that S. umbellatum-treatment induced EAT cell death by apoptotic pathway. We demonstrated the occurrence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) overgeneration, increased intracellular Ca(2+) concentration, alteration in mitochondrial membrane potential, phosphatydylserine externalization, and activation of caspases 3, 8, and 9. However, S. umbellatum produced myelotoxicity in bone marrow cells in a concentration-dependent manner. In comparison to EAT cells, the effects of S. umbellatum in bone marrow cells were 8-fold lower. Taken together, our results showed that S. umbellatum induced apoptosis in EAT cells at several levels and seems more toxic to tumor cells than to normal bone marrow cells.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/toxicity
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Calcium/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/pathology
- Caspase 3/metabolism
- Caspase 8/metabolism
- Caspase 9/metabolism
- Cell Cycle/drug effects
- Cell Shape/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Euphorbiaceae
- Flow Cytometry
- Granulocyte-Macrophage Progenitor Cells/drug effects
- Granulocyte-Macrophage Progenitor Cells/pathology
- Immunohistochemistry
- Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/drug effects
- Mice
- Microscopy, Fluorescence
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Phosphatidylserines/metabolism
- Plant Components, Aerial
- Plants, Medicinal
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Flavia da Mota
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Melo-Reis PR, Bezerra LSA, Vale MAAB, Canhête RFR, Chen-Chen L. Assessment of the mutagenic and antimutagenic activity of Synadenium umbellatum Pax latex by micronucleus test in mice. BRAZ J BIOL 2011; 71:169-74. [DOI: 10.1590/s1519-69842011000100024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2009] [Accepted: 03/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Synadenium umbellatum Pax, popularly known as "cola-nota", is a medicinal plant that grows in tropical regions. The latex of this plant is used against various diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, leprosy, tripanosomiasis, leukemia, and several malignant tumors. The mutagenic, antimutagenic, and cytotoxic effects of the latex of this plant were investigated by measuring the frequency of micronuclei in mice bone marrow cells. To evaluate mutagenicity, the animals were treated with four doses of latex (10, 30, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight). To study the antimutagenic activity, the animals were simultaneously treated with latex and mitomycin C (4 mg/kg). The cytotoxicity was evaluated by polychromatic and normochromatic erythrocytes ratio. Our results showed a significant increase of frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE) compared to the negative control group (p < 0.05). Concerning antimutagenicity, the doses of 10 and 30 mg/kg co-administered with mitomycin C showed significant decrease in MNPCE frequency compared to the positive control group (p < 0.05). However, no significant reduction in MNPCE frequency (p > 0.05) was detected at the doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg. Under our experimental conditions, the results obtained indicate strong mutagenic and cytotoxic activity of S. umbellatum latex except the dose of 10 mg/kg and moderate antimutagenic effect at lower doses.
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Melo-Reis PR, Andrade LS, Silva CB, Araújo LMM, Pereira MS, Mrue F, Chen-Chen L. Angiogenic activity of Synadenium umbellatum Pax latex. BRAZ J BIOL 2010; 70:189-94. [PMID: 20231977 DOI: 10.1590/s1519-69842010000100026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2008] [Accepted: 01/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Synadenium umbellatum Pax, popularly known as 'cola-nota', is a medicinal plant that grows in tropical regions. Latex of this plant is used to treat various diseases such as diabetes mellitus, Hansen s disease, tripanosomiases, leukemia and several malignant tumors. In the present study, the angiogenic activity of S. umbellatum latex was evaluated using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Results showed significant increase of the vascular net (p < 0.05) compared to the negative control (H2O). The histological analysis was in accordance with the results obtained. In conclusion, our data indicate that S. umbellatum latex, under the conditions of this research, presented angiogenic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Melo-Reis
- Departamento de Biomedicina, Laboratório de Estudos Experimentais e Biotecnológicos, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Valadares MC, De Carvalho ICT, Junior LDO, De Sousa Vieira M, Benfica PL, De Carvalho FS, Andrade LVS, Lima EM, Kato MJ. Cytotoxicity and antiangiogenic activity of grandisin. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.61.12.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The antitumoural properties of grandisin, a tetrahydrofuran neolignan from Piper solmsianum, were investigated by in-vitro and in-vivo assays using the Ehrlich ascites tumoural (EAT) model.
Methods
Viability of the tumour cells was evaluated by Trypan blue exclusion and MTT methods, after incubation with grandisin (0.017-2.3 μM). The effects of grandisin on the activity of caspase-3, −6, −8, and −9 were also investigated using colorimetric protease kits. In-vivo studies were performed in EAT-bearing mice treated intraperitoneally with 2.5, 5 or 10 mg/kg grandisin for 10 days.
Key findings
Grandisin inhibited the growth of EAT cells, by both methods, with IC50 values less than 0.25 μM. The results showed that the activity of all the caspases studied increased in grandisin-treated cells, when compared with control, non-treated cells. Administering grandisin to EAT-bearing mice increased survival of the animals, in a dose-dependent manner. Simultaneously, we detected a 66.35% reduction of intraperitoneal tumour cell burden in the animals treated with 10 mg/kg grandisin. Additionally, in these animals, the marked increase of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels, induced by EAT development, was decreased with treatment with grandisin, resulting in a reduction of 32.1% of VEGF levels in the peritoneal washing supernatant, when compared with the control.
Conclusions
The results demonstrated that grandisin induced in-vitro cytotoxicity and antiangiogenic effects in mice while it acted against tumour evolution, prolonging host survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marize C Valadares
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Go, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz de Oliveira Junior
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Go, Brazil
| | - Marcelo De Sousa Vieira
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Go, Brazil
| | - Polyana Lopes Benfica
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Go, Brazil
| | - Flávio Silva De Carvalho
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Go, Brazil
| | | | - Eliana Martins Lima
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Go, Brazil
| | - Massuo Jorge Kato
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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