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Ashour A, Amen Y, Allam AE, Mwakalukwa R, Niwa Y, Shimizu K. The peels of sacred Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) rhizomes suppress allergic reactions by inhibiting the A23187-induced degranulation in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL2H3) cells. Fitoterapia 2024; 178:106153. [PMID: 39089597 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
We isolated ten compounds from methanolic extract of the peels of sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) rhizomes which were identified as β-sitosterol linoleate 1, β-sitosterol 2, lupeol 3, stigmasterol 3-O-β-D-glucoside 4, oleanolic acid 5, betulinic acid 6, pinoresinol 7, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid 8, catechin 9 and gallocatechin 10. All of the isolated compounds from the peels of sacred lotus rhizomes are reported for the first time, and were investigated for their anti-allergic activity. We found that three of them, stigmasterol 3-O-β-D-glucoside 4, oleanolic acid 5 and pinoresinol 7, were capable of inhibiting A23187-induced degranulation in RBL-2H3 cells with IC50 values 0.18 ± 0.01 mM, 0.28 ± 0.06 mM, and 0.27 ± 0.01 mM, respectively. With an exception to 4, compounds 5 and 7 achieved the anti-allergic effect without affecting the cells viability even at higher concentrations with their selectivity indices (SI) being >5. By reducing A23187-induced degranulation, it is suggestive of a mechanism attenuation of Ca2+ elevation. Our findings suggest that, the peels of sacred lotus rhizomes would be beneficial for providing an inexpensive source for the production of bioactive compounds with anti-allergic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ashour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Yhiya Amen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Ahmed E Allam
- Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 812-8581, Japan; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Rogers Mwakalukwa
- Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 812-8581, Japan; Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Tanzania
| | - Yasuharu Niwa
- Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Kuniyoshi Shimizu
- Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 812-8581, Japan.
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Alshehri B. The geranium genus: A comprehensive study on ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemical compounds, and pharmacological importance. Saudi J Biol Sci 2024; 31:103940. [PMID: 38371877 PMCID: PMC10873751 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The geranium genus consists of about 400 species, which have been utilized for a long time in ancient medical practices throughout the world. As a result, herbal medications based on species are commonly utilized to treat a range of illnesses. This investigation aims to provide an extensive assessment of the literature on the phytochemistry, ethnomedicinal and pharmacological importance of the genus Geranium. Data were collected through systemic computer searches among the most reputable scientific databases, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Occasionally, information published as peer-reviewed literature was added to data from sources that these databases do not include. This review includes all published works through the end of 2022. The assessment of the biological characteristics of medicinal plant species in the genus Geranium has received a great deal of attention, primarily in the last 20 years, in tandem with the growing interest in herbal remedies in general. The detailed and systematic comparative analysis presented here provides valuable information on the current Geranium species. It paves the way for other beneficial species of Geranium to be studied in the fields of ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and new drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bader Alshehri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Almajmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
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Kim HY, Kang HG, Choi YJ, Kim HM, Jeong HJ. Caudatin attenuates inflammatory reaction by suppressing JNK/AP-1/NF-κB/caspase-1 pathways in activated HMC-1 cells. Food Sci Biotechnol 2023; 32:1101-1109. [PMID: 36683865 PMCID: PMC9844171 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01251-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the interfering factors in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the cytokine storm, which contributes to hyperinflammation. Mast cells cause COVID-19 hyperinflammation by increasing inflammatory cytokine levels. We investigated whether caudatin, an active compound of Cynanchum auriculatum, could suppress inflammatory response signaling in human mast cell line, HMC-1 cells. Caudatin suppressed activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) in HMC-1 cells. Caudatin suppressed nuclear translocation of catalytic subunit (p65) of nuclear factor (NF)-κB by blocking IκBα phosphorylation and degradation. Caudatin also reduced levels of activated-caspase-1 protein and activation of caspase-1. Non-toxic caudatin doses inhibited the mRNA expression and protein synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines. A significant finding was that caudatin inhibited JNK/AP-1/NF-κB/caspase-1 signaling molecules, reducing the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Consequently, we propose that caudatin might be used as a material in health functional foods to alleviate mast cell-mediated inflammatory conditions like COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Yun Kim
- Biochip Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, 31499 Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Geun Kang
- Department of Bio-Convergence System, Graduate School, Hoseo University, Asan, 31499 Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Choi
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Hoseo University, 20 Hoseo-ro, 79 Beon-gil, Baebang-eup, Asan, 31499 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Min Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ja Jeong
- Biochip Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, 31499 Republic of Korea ,Department of Bio-Convergence System, Graduate School, Hoseo University, Asan, 31499 Republic of Korea ,Department of Food Science & Technology, Hoseo University, 20 Hoseo-ro, 79 Beon-gil, Baebang-eup, Asan, 31499 Republic of Korea
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Kim JH, Kim W. Alleviation effects of Rubus coreanus Miquel root extract on skin symptoms and inflammation in chronic atopic dermatitis. Food Funct 2022; 13:2823-2831. [PMID: 35179167 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03580k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease characterized by chronic inflammatory dermatitis with immunological manifestations. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of polyphenol-containing Rubus coreanus Miquel root extract on skin allergy and AD. The protective effects of R. coreanus root ethanol extract against AD were investigated using the human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT, human mast cell line HMC-1, and the 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD-like skin NC/Nga mouse model. Treatment with R. coreanus root ethanol extracts reduced β-hexosaminidase and histamine release from HMC-1 cells stimulated with compound 48/80 compared to treatment with R. coreanus fruit ethanol extract. Furthermore, topical application of R. coreanus root ethanol extract dramatically reduced the severity of skin symptoms and the thickening and swelling of the dorsal skin and ear in DNCB-treated NC/Nga mice. The protein and mRNA expression of several cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-12, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and TARC) and IgE was significantly lowered upon application of the R. coreanus root ethanol extract. The promising candidate for the active ingredient of R. coreanus root polyphenols was revealed to be ellagic acid. These findings clearly indicate that the R. coreanus root polyphenols show strong anti-allergic effects and suppress the symptoms of AD. Therefore, polyphenol-containing R. coreanus root ethanol extract could be a novel therapeutic candidate for the treatment of allergy and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hwa Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Wonyong Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Park S, Lee J. Modulation of Hair Growth Promoting Effect by Natural Products. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13122163. [PMID: 34959442 PMCID: PMC8706577 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A large number of people suffer from alopecia or hair loss worldwide. Drug-based therapies using minoxidil and finasteride for the treatment of alopecia are available, but they have shown various side effects in patients. Thus, the use of new therapeutic approaches using bioactive products to reduce the risk of anti-hair-loss medications has been emphasized. Natural products have been used since ancient times and have been proven safe, with few side effects. Several studies have demonstrated the use of plants and their extracts to promote hair growth. Moreover, commercial products based on these natural ingredients have been developed for the treatment of alopecia. Several clinical, animal, and cell-based studies have been conducted to determine the anti-alopecia effects of plant-derived biochemicals. This review is a collective study of phytochemicals with anti-alopecia effects, focusing mainly on the mechanisms underlying their hair-growth-promoting effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyeon Park
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Women’s University, Seoul 02748, Korea;
| | - Joomin Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-230-7722
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Huizhen S, Xue X. The sequencing and characterization of chloroplast genome of Geranium sibiricum Linne. MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2021; 6:2254-2255. [PMID: 34286090 PMCID: PMC8266239 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2021.1947912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The complete chloroplast genome of Geranium sibiricum Linne. was sequenced, assembled and annotated. It is a circular form of 150,656 bp in length, which was separated into four distinct regions, a large single copy (LSC) of 73,862 bp, a small single copy region (SSC) of 52,666 bp, two inverted repeats (IR) of 12,064bp. A total of 124 genes were predicted, of which, 87 encode proteins, 4 rRNA, 33 tRNA. The evolutionary history was inferred using Maximum Likelihood method, and the result indicates that G. sibiricum was grouped within Geraniaceae, and comprised a clade with Geranium palmatum under 100% Bootstrap value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Huizhen
- Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Xinyuan Xue
- Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, P.R. China
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Gou L, Yue GGL, Puno PT, Lau CBS. A review on the relationship of mast cells and macrophages in breast cancer - Can herbs or natural products facilitate their anti-tumor effects? Pharmacol Res 2020; 164:105321. [PMID: 33285235 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is an inflammation-related cancer whose tumor microenvironment is largely infiltrated by inflammatory cells. These inflammatory cells including mast cells and macrophages have been elucidated to be vital participants in breast tumor proliferation, survival, invasion and migration. However, the functions of mast cells and macrophages in breast cancer are quite distinct based on recent data. Mast cells exhibit both anti-tumoral and pro-tumoral functions on breast cancer, while high number of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are strongly correlated with poor prognosis and higher risk of distant metastasis in breast cancer patients. Besides, many natural products/extracts have been reported to regulate mast cells and macrophages. In this review, the roles of mast cells and macrophages play in breast cancer are discussed and a summary of those natural products/herbs regulating the functions of mast cells or macrophages is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Grace Gar-Lee Yue
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, HKSAR, China; State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, HKSAR, China
| | - Pema Tenzin Puno
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China.
| | - Clara Bik-San Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, HKSAR, China; State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, HKSAR, China.
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Cohen S, Koltai H, Selvaraj G, Mazuz M, Segoli M, Bustan A, Guy O. Assessment of the Nutritional and Medicinal Potential of Tubers from Hairy Stork's-Bill ( Erodium crassifolium L 'Hér), a Wild Plant Species Inhabiting Arid Southeast Mediterranean Regions. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9091069. [PMID: 32825348 PMCID: PMC7570100 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Emerging needs for diversifying human diet and to explore novel therapeutic procedures have led to increasing attempts to retrieve traditional nourishments and recruit beneficial wild plant species. Species of the genus Erodium (Geraniaceae) harbor medicinal indications and substances known from folklore and scientific research. Hairy stork's bill (Erodium crassifolium L'Hér), is a small hemicryptophyte that inhabits arid southeast Mediterranean regions. E. crassifolium is among the very few Geraniaceae species known to produce tubers. Traditional knowledge holds that the tubers are edible and used by Bedouin tribes. However, no scientific information was found regarding nutrition or medicinal properties of these tubers. The objectives of our project are to unravel potential nutritional and medicinal benefits of the tubers, conduct initial steps towards domestication and develop agricultural practices enhancing E. crassifolium tuber yield and quality. Tubers show high water content (90%), low caloric value (23 Kcal 100-1 g) and considerable contents of minerals and vitamins. In addition, the tubers contain significant amounts of catechins and epigallocatechin, polyphenolic compounds known for their antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities. Furthermore, in vitro experiments demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory effects on human cell cultures. E. crassifolium is highly responsive to environmental changes; fertigation (700 mm) increased tuber yield by 10-fold, compared to simulated wild conditions (50-200 mm). These results indicate a significant potential of E. crassifolium becoming a valuable crop species. Therefore, there is a need for continued efforts in domestication, including ecotype selection, breeding, development of suitable agricultural practices and further exploration of its medicinal benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabtai Cohen
- Ramat Negev Desert Agro-Research Center (RN-DARC), Ramat Negev Works Ltd., D.N. Halutza 8551500, Israel; (S.C.); (M.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Hinanit Koltai
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion 7528809, Israel; (H.K.); (G.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Gopinath Selvaraj
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion 7528809, Israel; (H.K.); (G.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Moran Mazuz
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion 7528809, Israel; (H.K.); (G.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Moran Segoli
- Ramat Negev Desert Agro-Research Center (RN-DARC), Ramat Negev Works Ltd., D.N. Halutza 8551500, Israel; (S.C.); (M.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Amnon Bustan
- Ramat Negev Desert Agro-Research Center (RN-DARC), Ramat Negev Works Ltd., D.N. Halutza 8551500, Israel; (S.C.); (M.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Ofer Guy
- Ramat Negev Desert Agro-Research Center (RN-DARC), Ramat Negev Works Ltd., D.N. Halutza 8551500, Israel; (S.C.); (M.S.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-50-3699001
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Kaempferol Rhamnosides from Geranium sibiricum as Aldose Reductase Inhibitors and Their Content by HPLC Analysis. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8060694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the aldose reductase (AR) inhibition of selected Geranium species and determine the bioactive flavonoid constituents. Flavonoids are known to be good AR inhibitors. Among the species examined, G. sibiricum exhibited potent inhibition of AR (IC50 value, 2.4 µg/mL). Further examination of G. sibiricum, after solvent extraction and fractionation, revealed that the ethyl acetate fraction (IC50 value, 0.41 µg/mL) had a potent AR inhibitory effect. Kaempferol rhamnosides were the active compounds from this fraction. Moreover, G. sibiricum showed the highest content of kaempferol-7-O-rhamnoside and kaempferol-3,7-O-dirhamnoside among the samples examined with a concentration in the extracts of 28.1 and 2.2 mg/g, respectively. This study shows that G. sibiricum exhibits promising AR inhibitory activity, which can be explored further as a natural therapy for treating and managing complications associated with diabetes.
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Barba FJ, Alcántara C, Abdelkebir R, Bäuerl C, Pérez-Martínez G, Lorenzo JM, Carmen Collado M, García-Pérez JV. Ultrasonically-Assisted and Conventional Extraction from Erodium Glaucophyllum Roots Using Ethanol:Water Mixtures: Phenolic Characterization, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities. Molecules 2020; 25:E1759. [PMID: 32290312 PMCID: PMC7181019 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The paper presents experimental results concerning the ultrasonically-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from Erodium glaucophyllum roots. A comparison with conventional methodology is presented, and thereby the phytochemical composition and the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of extracts are evaluated. The phenolic profile of Erodium extracts was analyzed by TOF-LC-MS-MS. The identification of phenolic compounds revealed that the major component was (+)-gallocatechin in the aqueous extracts obtained for the different extraction methodologies. The highest quantity of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity was found in the hydroethanolic extract obtained by conventional extraction (29.22-25.50 mg GAE/g DM; 21.174 mM Trolox equivalent). The highest content of carotenoids, varying from 0.035 to 0.114 mg/g dry matter, was reached by ultrasonic-assisted extraction. Furthermore, Erodium extracts showed a potent inhibition of the inflammatory reaction by means of the inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). The extracts obtained when ultrasound extraction was combined with ethanol:water (50:50, v/v) presented the greatest inhibition (92%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J. Barba
- Nutrition and Food Science Area, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda, Vicent Andrés Estellés, s/n, Burjassot, 46100 València, Spain;
| | - Cristina Alcántara
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Av. Agustin Escardino 7, 46980 València, Spain; (C.A.); (C.B.)
| | - Radhia Abdelkebir
- Nutrition and Food Science Area, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda, Vicent Andrés Estellés, s/n, Burjassot, 46100 València, Spain;
- Range Ecology Laboratory, Institute of Arid Regions (IRA), University of Gabès, Medenine 4100, Tunisia
| | - Christine Bäuerl
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Av. Agustin Escardino 7, 46980 València, Spain; (C.A.); (C.B.)
| | - Gaspar Pérez-Martínez
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Av. Agustin Escardino 7, 46980 València, Spain; (C.A.); (C.B.)
| | - Jose M. Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Adva. Galicia n°4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain;
| | - María Carmen Collado
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Av. Agustin Escardino 7, 46980 València, Spain; (C.A.); (C.B.)
| | - Jose V. García-Pérez
- Grupo de Análisis y Simulación de Procesos Agroalimentarios (ASPA), Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Universitat Politècnica de València, Cami de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
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Sangeetha M, Chamundeeswari D, Saravana Babu C, Rose C, Gopal V. Attenuation of oxidative stress in arthritic rats by ethanolic extract of Albizia procera benth bark through modulation of the expression of inflammatory cytokines. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 250:112435. [PMID: 31785384 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Albizia procera L. (Leguminosae) commonly known as Konda vagai in Tamil, is used for the treatment of stomach and intestinal disorders. A decoction of the bark is prescribed for rheumatism and haemorrhage. Traditionally, literature claims Albizia procera as a drug to have antirheumatic properties and hence used by Tribal for the management of chronic rheumatism. Consequently, the present study has been undertaken to illustrate the beneficial outcome of Albizia procera in adjuvant induced arthritic rat model with respect to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study is aimed to investigate the oxidative stress and the expression of inflammatory markers in arthritic rats treated with ethanolic bark extract of Albizia procera. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethanolic bark extract was characterized by HPTLC analysis. Acute oral toxicity study was performed according to the OECD test guideline 423 - Acute toxic class method. The anti-inflammatory effect of ETBE (100, 200 mg/kg/day/p.o.) was evaluated in complete Freund's adjuvant induced arthritic rats using diclofenac as positive control (0.3 mg/kg/day/p. o.). Plasma levels of interleukins TNF- α, IFN-α, IL-2, IL-6, myeloperoxidase and Cathepsin D levels were measured to assess the inflammatory effect of ETBE extract of Albizia procera. Further, the effect of ETBE on superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), reduced glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were assessed in plasma. RESULTS HPTLC analysis showed the presence of 0.57% w/w of biochanin-A in ETBE. ETBE did not show any toxic signs up to 2000 mg/kg body weight. It exhibited the significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential and did not show mortality up to 2000 mg/kg body weight. ETBE treatment significantly reduced the levels of TNF- α, IFN-α, IL-2, IL-6 and myeloperoxidase, and increased cathepsin D levels compared to vehicle treated animals. SOD, GSH and GPX levels were significantly restored to normal levels while LPO was significantly reduced at 200 mg/kg b. wt. Treated animals. Histopathological studies showed complete cartilage regeneration and near normal joint in ETBE treated arthritic rats. CONCLUSION ETBE demonstrated potent anti-inflammatory activity by modulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines and restoring the antioxidant enzyme levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sangeetha
- Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, India.
| | - D Chamundeeswari
- Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, India.
| | - C Saravana Babu
- Dept of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India.
| | - C Rose
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Central Leather Research Institute Adyar, Chennai, 600020, India.
| | - V Gopal
- Mother Theresa Postgraduate and Research Institute of Health Sciences, Indira Nagar, Puducherry, 605006, India.
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Graça VC, Ferreira ICFR, Santos PF. Bioactivity of the Geranium Genus: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:1838-1865. [PMID: 31942856 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200114110323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants from the Geranium genus, which comprises about 400 species, have been used since ancient times in the practice of traditional medicines throughout the world. Therefore, herbal preparations based on Geranium species have found wide usage for the treatment of a variety of ailments. The aim of this work is to present a review, as comprehensive as possible, of the studies concerning different biological activities of Geranium species. METHODS Relevant data were obtained through systematic computer searches from major reputed scientific databases, particularly Web of Science and Scopus. Occasionally, information issued in primary sources not covered by these databases was also included provided published as peer-reviewed literature. This review covers the literature disclosed till the end of 2018. RESULTS Accompanying the increasing interest in herbal medicines in general, the evaluation of the biological properties of medicinal plants from the Geranium genus has been addressed thoroughly, mostly over the last two decades. Geranium species are endowed with a number of different biological activities. Herein, we present a survey of the results of the studies concerning these different biological activities. CONCLUSION Most studies found in the literature effectively contribute to scientifically validate the beneficial properties of Geranium plants claimed by traditional medicines and medical herbalism and demonstrate that many of them possess evident therapeutic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vânia C Graça
- Centro de Quimica-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Universidade de Tras-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.,Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB) - Vila Real, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.,Centro de Investigacao de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politecnico de Braganca, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Braganca, Portugal
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigacao de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politecnico de Braganca, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Braganca, Portugal
| | - Paulo F Santos
- Centro de Quimica-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Universidade de Tras-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Kong ZL, Sudirman S, Lin HJ, Chen WN. In vitro anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin on mast cell-mediated allergic responses via inhibiting FcεRI protein expression and protein kinase C delta translocation. Cytotechnology 2019; 72:81-95. [PMID: 31773429 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-019-00359-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergy is a hypersensitivity reaction when exposed to certain environmental substances. It shows high relation between immunoglobulin E (IgE) binding to a specific receptor (FcεRI), pro-inflammatory cytokines, and mediators with allergic inflammation responses. Curcumin is a yellow pigment isolated from the turmeric. Curcumin possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties as well as exhibits significant chemopreventive activity. This study was aimed to investigate the in vitro assessment of the regulation of curcumin on allergic inflammatory responses on rat basophil leukemia (RBL)-2H3 and human pre-basophils (KU812) cell lines. Curcumin showed the activity against histamine and β-hexosaminidase releases from both IgE-mediated and A23187-induced cells degranulation. The morphological observation also confirmed that curcumin inhibits cells degranulation. IgE-mediated allergic responses and significantly induced mast cells intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Curcumin reduced ROS production from IgE-mediated or A23187-induced cells degranulation. Curcumin also successfully reduced FcεRI expressions and some pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13. Furthermore, curcumin inhibited protein kinase C (PKC)-δ translocation from cytosolic to particulate. These results suggested that curcumin can alleviate both the IgE-mediated and calcium ionosphere A23187-stimulated allergic responses through reducing the release of the allergic mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zwe-Ling Kong
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, 202, Taiwan.
| | - Sabri Sudirman
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, 202, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Jun Lin
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, 202, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ning Chen
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, 202, Taiwan
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Siddikov DR, Bobakulov KM, Nishanbaev SZ, Sasmakov SA, Abdullaev ND, Azimova SS. Phenolic Compounds from the Aerial Part of Geranium transversale and Their Antimicrobial Activity. Chem Nat Compd 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-019-02687-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Vargas-Mendoza N, Vázquez-Velasco M, González-Torres L, Benedí J, Sánchez-Muniz FJ, Morales-González JA, Jaramillo-Morales OA, Valadez-Vega C, Bautista M. Effect of Extract and Ellagic Acid from Geranium schiedeanum on the Antioxidant Defense System in An Induced-Necrosis Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:E178. [PMID: 30513625 PMCID: PMC6316715 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7120178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Geranium schiedeanum has been used in traditional therapies as an antiseptic, antipyretic, and as analgesic. The present study was designed to evaluate the pretreatment with G. schiedeanum total extract (GS) and its active metabolites on stimulating the endogenous antioxidant defense system (EADS): catalase (Cat), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione reduction index (RI GSH/GSSG) in rat liver treated with a sublethal dose (6.6 mmol/Kg) of thioacetamide (TAA) in order to probe the capacity of GS and the active compounds to reduce liver injury. This was assessed by measuring aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and total bilirubin (BILT) in rats pretreated or not with TAA, and pretreated or not with GS and its metabolites. The results showed that GS was able to induce the production of EADS enzymes, increasing redox index GSH/GSSG at 24 and 48 h after intoxication, and both the extract and the ellagic acid exhibited a significant reduction of hepatic damage markers. Our data confirmed the hepatoprotective effect of GS and its metabolites, like ellagic acid, support the possible use of this extract in the treatment of liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Vargas-Mendoza
- Área Académica de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Abasolo N. 600, Colonia Centro, Pachuca, Hidalgo CP 42000, Mexico.
| | - Miguel Vázquez-Velasco
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Laura González-Torres
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juana Benedí
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Francisco José Sánchez-Muniz
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jose Antonio Morales-González
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, Col. Casco de Santo Tomás, Del. Miguel Hidalgo, Hidalgo DF 11340, Mexico.
| | - Osmar Antonio Jaramillo-Morales
- Área Académica de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Abasolo N. 600, Colonia Centro, Pachuca, Hidalgo CP 42000, Mexico.
- Área Académica de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Abasolo N. 600, Colonia Centro, Pachuca, Hidalgo CP 42000, Mexico.
| | - Carmen Valadez-Vega
- Área Académica de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Abasolo N. 600, Colonia Centro, Pachuca, Hidalgo CP 42000, Mexico.
| | - Mirandeli Bautista
- Área Académica de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Abasolo N. 600, Colonia Centro, Pachuca, Hidalgo CP 42000, Mexico.
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Nam HH, Nan L, Choo BK. Dichloromethane Extracts of Geranium Koreanum Kom. Alleviates Esophagus Damage in Acute Reflux Esophagitis-Induced Rats by Anti-Inflammatory Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113622. [PMID: 30453554 PMCID: PMC6274961 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Reflux esophagitis (RE) is a gastrointestinal disease caused by the reflux of gastric acid and stomach contents, and it leads to esophageal damage. Therefore, it is necessary to study the improvement of esophageal damage on a RE-induced model. The present study was accomplished to demonstrate the protective effects of a dichloromethane fraction of Geranium koreanum (DGK) plant on esophageal damage in an acute RE rat model. First, we examined the potential of anti-inflammatory effects of various fractions measured by cell cytotoxicity, morphological changes and nitric oxide (NO) production on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Raw 264.7 macrophage cells. Then, to evaluate the protective effects on RE, rats were partitioned into the following groups: normal control, RE-induced control and RE rats pre-treated with DGK 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight. The esophageal mucosal ulcer ratio was measured by the Image J program and histological changes were examined using a hematoxylin and eosin staining of the esophageal mucosa. The expression of pro-inflammatory proteins, cytokines and tight junction proteins involved in the esophageal mucosal damage were investigated using Western blotting and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit with esophagus tissue. DGK chemical profile and phenolic contents were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The results showed that DGK exhibited anti-inflammatory effects against LPS-stimulated cells by significantly inhibiting NO production. Additionally, the results in vivo showed that improvement effects of DGK on esophageal mucosal damage. The expression of inflammatory proteins involved in nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways and tight junction protein (claudin-4 and -5) were significantly decreased in esophageal mucosa. We found the potential of DGK as source of replacement therapy products for inflammatory and RE disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Hwa Nam
- Department of Crop Science & Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
| | - Li Nan
- Department of Crop Science & Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
| | - Byung Kil Choo
- Department of Crop Science & Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
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Catarino MD, Silva AMS, Cruz MT, Cardoso SM. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Geranium robertianum L. decoctions. Food Funct 2018; 8:3355-3365. [PMID: 28858365 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00881c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Geranium robertianum L., commonly known as Herb Robert, is an herbaceous plant popularly known for its functional properties including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, the phenolic profile of leaf and stem decoctions of Geranium robertianum L. was elucidated by UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn analysis, and their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials were assessed in vitro. Importantly, and envisaging the use of these extracts in human diets, the potential toxicity of bioactive concentrations was also addressed in macrophages and hepatocytes. Both extracts revealed high amounts of ellagitannins, although a slight prevalence of these compounds was observed in that originating from leaves. High radical scavenging activities against DPPH˙, ABTS˙+ and OH˙ were observed either for the leaf or the stem extract, as well as good activities towards ferric reducing antioxidant power, lipid peroxidation and oxygen radical absorbance capacity. In addition, both extracts were very effective at scavenging NO˙, as measured in a chemical model, while only the stem extract was able to decrease the production of this radical by stimulated macrophages. On the other hand, none of the extracts was able to modulate the activity of lipoxygenase or the expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase. Overall, these data allowed us to conclude that G. robertianum L. stem and leaf decoctions are particularly rich in tannins. The strong scavenging effects displayed by the stem extract suggest that its anti-inflammatory activity may partially result from its anti-radical capacities towards NO˙.
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Ren P, Ren X, Cheng L, Xu L. Frankincense, pine needle and geranium essential oils suppress tumor progression through the regulation of the AMPK/mTOR pathway in breast cancer. Oncol Rep 2017; 39:129-137. [PMID: 29115548 PMCID: PMC5783593 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.6067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BC (BC), as the most common malignancy in women worldwide, is associated with high morbidity and mortality. However, chemoresistance and toxicity are the main causes that limit the success of treatment in aggressive BC cases. Thus, there is a vital need to identify and develop novel therapeutic agents. Frankincense, pine needle and geranium essential oils have been reported to play critical biological activities in cancer. However, to the best of our knowledge whether frankincense, pine needle and geranium essential oils have any effect on the progression of BC in MCF-7 cells remains unclear. In the present study, we assessed the possible effects of frankincense, pine needle and geranium essential oils on cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion as well as the possible mechanisms. MCF-7 cells were treated with oils, and associations with BC were investigated. In the present study, we clearly revealed that frankincense, pine needle and geranium essential oils suppressed cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion in human BC MCF-7 cells. Further data demonstrated that frankincense, pine needle and geranium essential oils induced apoptosis, but did not affect cell cycle progression. Consistent with the in vitro activities, frankincense essential oil was effective in inhibiting tumor growth and inducing tumor cell apoptosis in a human BC mouse model. In addition, these 3 essential oils modulated the activity of the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. In conclusion, the present study indicated that frankincense, pine needle and geranium essential oils were involved in the progression of BC cells possibly through the AMPK/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ren
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Ren
- College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Lei Cheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Lixin Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
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Yoo G, Lee K, Lee DC. Inhibitory effects of 2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate on allergic inflammatory responses in rat basophilic leukemia cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 48:196-202. [PMID: 28527346 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells play crucial roles in the initiation of allergic inflammatory responses by releasing various mediators such as histamines, cytokines, and leukotrienes. In addition, signaling cascade pathways, such as the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, contribute to the regulation of mast cell degranulation. Accordingly, different research strategies have been pursued to develop anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic drugs by regulating these signaling pathways. The development of new drugs that inhibit mast cell degranulation may help in the treatment of allergies. In this study, we investigated the effects of coumarin derivatives on mast cell degranulation. The effect of coumarin derivatives on degranulation in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL)-2H3 cells was determined by a β-hexosaminidase assay and histamine assay. A coumarin derivative 1 (C1), 2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate, inhibited degranulation in a dose-dependent manner and demonstrated maximum therapeutic effect when used at 25μM. Additionally, these compounds inhibited the phosphorylation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. Taken together, these results indicate that 2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate inhibits mast cell degranulation by suppressing the activation of the ERK pathway and this inhibitory effect suggests potential therapeutic strategies towards the prevention of allergic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaeun Yoo
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Kangwon National University, Kangwondaehakgil 1, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kooyeon Lee
- Department of Bio-health Technology, Kangwon National University, Kangwondaehakgil 1, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Deug-Chan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Kangwon National University, Kangwondaehakgil 1, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Kangwondaehakgil 1, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
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Indigenous Uses and Pharmacological Activity of Traditional Medicinal Plants in Mount Taibai, China. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:8329817. [PMID: 28303162 PMCID: PMC5338068 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8329817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the indigenous use and pharmacological activity of traditional medicinal plants of Mount Taibai, China. Pharmacological data were collected by conducting informal interviews with local experienced doctors practicing traditional Chinese medicine and via open-ended questionnaires on villagers. We conclude that the residents of Mt. Taibai possess rich pharmacological knowledge. This study may help identify high-value traditional medicinal plant species, promote economic development associated with local medicinal plants, and increase awareness from government departments.
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Boisvert WA, Yu M, Choi Y, Jeong GH, Zhang YL, Cho S, Choi C, Lee S, Lee BH. Hair growth-promoting effect of Geranium sibiricum extract in human dermal papilla cells and C57BL/6 mice. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:109. [PMID: 28193226 PMCID: PMC5307826 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1624-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Geranium sibiricum L. has been used as a medicinal plant to treat diarrhea, bacterial infection, and cancer in Bulgaria, Peru, and Korea. However, its hair growth-promoting effect was not investigated so far. This study examined the effects of Geranium sibiricum L. extract (GSE) on hair growth, using in vitro and in vivo models. Methods Antioxidant, proliferation and migration assay of GSE was performed with human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs). Hair-growth promoting effect was measured in animal model. Relative expression of interleukin-1, vascular endothelial growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, and transforming growth factor beta 1 was determined by real time RT-PCR. Expression of Ki-67 and stem cell factor were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Results GSE treatment proliferated and migrated human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) more than treatment of 10 μM minoxidil. GSE significantly stimulated the expression of Ki-67 protein and the mRNA levels of hepatocyte growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor in hDPCs. Topical application of 1,000 ppm GSE for 3 weeks promoted more significant hair growth on shaved C57BL/6 mice than did 5% minoxidil. The histological morphology of hair follicles demonstrated an active anagen phase with the induction of stem cell factor. GSE treatment significantly reduced the number of mast cells and the expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 in mouse skin tissues. Conclusions These results demonstrated that GSE promotes hair growth in vitro and in vivo by regulating growth factors and the cellular response.
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Kobayashi Y, Sato H, Yorita M, Nakayama H, Miyazato H, Sugimoto K, Jippo T. Inhibitory effects of geranium essential oil and its major component, citronellol, on degranulation and cytokine production by mast cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2016; 80:1172-8. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1148573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
We investigated the effects of geranium essential oil (GEO) on anaphylaxis. GEO can exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, but its roles in allergic reactions are incompletely understood. Here, we used mouse cells to show that GEO inhibited the degranulation of cultured mast cells (CMCs). Citronellol is the major component of GEO and inhibited CMC degranulation. The l-enantiomer of citronellol more effectively suppressed CMC degranulation than did d-citronellol. We also examined whether citronellol could inhibit the immunoglobulin (Ig) E-induced production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Treatment with various concentrations of citronellol before CMC activation with IgE significantly inhibited the induction of TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistically, citronellol suppressed the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK), which is critical for ERK activation and the production of inflammatory cytokines in mast cells. These findings suggest that citronellol may represent a candidate compound for the effective treatment of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Kobayashi
- Faculty of Human Life Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition, Senri Kinran University, Suita, Japan
| | - Harumi Sato
- Faculty of Human Life Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition, Senri Kinran University, Suita, Japan
| | - Mika Yorita
- Faculty of Human Life Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition, Senri Kinran University, Suita, Japan
| | - Hiroto Nakayama
- Research and Development Center, Nagaoka Perfumery Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hironari Miyazato
- Research and Development Center, Nagaoka Perfumery Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Sugimoto
- Research and Development Center, Nagaoka Perfumery Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tomoko Jippo
- Faculty of Human Life Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition, Senri Kinran University, Suita, Japan
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Wang P, Qiao Q, Li J, Wang W, Yao LP, Fu YJ. Inhibitory effects of geraniin on LPS-induced inflammation via regulating NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways in RAW 264.7 cells. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 253:134-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Graça VC, Barros L, Calhelha RC, Dias MI, Carvalho AM, Santos-Buelga C, Ferreira ICFR, Santos PF. Chemical characterization and bioactive properties of Geranium molle L.: from the plant to the most active extract and its phytochemicals. Food Funct 2016; 7:2204-12. [PMID: 27094513 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo01479d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
After a period of indifference, in which synthetic compounds were favored, there is an increasing interest in the study of the biological properties of plants and the active principles responsible for their therapeutic properties. Geranium molle L. has been used in the Portuguese folk medicine for the treatment of various ailments including cancer but, unlike many of the species from the Geranium genus, its phytochemical characterization and biological activity are virtually unexplored. In this study a G. molle sample from Trás-os-Montes, north-eastern Portugal, was chemically characterized regarding nutritional value, free sugars, organic acids, fatty acids and tocopherols, and several aqueous (decoction, infusion) and organic (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol) extracts of the plant were assessed for their bioactive properties. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by means of the free radicals scavenging activity, reducing power and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. The cytotoxicity of the different extracts was assessed in vitro against several human cancer cell lines (breast, lung, cervical and hepatocellular carcinomas) and, additionally, their hepatotoxicity was evaluated using a porcine liver primary cell culture. G. molle was shown to be rich in carbohydrates and proteins, providing tocopherols and essential fatty acids. Amongst the various extracts, the acetone extract was found to have the highest content of phenolic compounds (mainly ellagitannins, but also some flavone and flavonol glycosides) as well as the highest antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the chemical composition and bioactive properties of G. molle.
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Affiliation(s)
- V C Graça
- Chemistry Dep. and Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB) - Vila Real, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Velázquez-González C, Cariño-Cortés R, Gayosso de Lucio JA, Ortiz MI, De la O Arciniega M, Altamirano-Báez DA, Ángeles LJ, Bautista-Ávila M. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of Geranium bellum and its isolated compounds. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:506. [PMID: 25518981 PMCID: PMC4300841 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Geranium bellum Rose, locally known as "Pata de león", is a perennial plant distributed in the mountains of Hidalgo, Mexico. It is widely used in Mexican traditional medicine to treat fever, pain, and gastrointestinal disorders. To date, there are not published studies regarding the in vivo antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory potential of the acetone-aqueous extract from the aerial parts of G. bellum. METHODS Antinociceptive effects of the acetone-aqueous G. bellum (AGB) extract and the isolated compounds were assessed using experimental pain models, including thermal nociception like hot plate test, and chemical nociception induced by intraperitoneal acetic acid or subplantar formalin injection in vivo. The anti-inflammatory properties of the extract were studied using systemic administration in carrageenan-induced paw edema. RESULTS Intra-gastric administration of AGB (75, 150, and 300 mg/kg) showed a dose-dependent antinociceptive effect in intraperitoneal acetic acid (writhing), thermal nociception in CD1 mice, and subplantar formalin models, as well as anti-inflammatory effect in carrageenan- induced paw edema in Wistar rats. Geraniin and quercetin showed the highest antinociceptive activity in writhing test, whereas ellagic acid was the most active compound in the hot plate model. CONCLUSION These studies provide evidences that G. bellum shows antinociceptive and anti- inflammatory effects, and gives support to its use in treating pain in Mexican traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Velázquez-González
- />Área Académica de Farmacia, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Hidalgo México
| | - Raquel Cariño-Cortés
- />Área Académica de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Hidalgo México
| | - Juan A Gayosso de Lucio
- />Área Académica de Farmacia, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Hidalgo México
| | - Mario I Ortiz
- />Área Académica de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Hidalgo México
| | - Minarda De la O Arciniega
- />Área Académica de Farmacia, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Hidalgo México
| | - Diana A Altamirano-Báez
- />Área Académica de Farmacia, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Hidalgo México
| | - Luis Jiménez- Ángeles
- />Centro Nacional de Investigación en Imagenología e Instrumentación Médica Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad, Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México México
| | - Mirandeli Bautista-Ávila
- />Área Académica de Farmacia, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Hidalgo México
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Kim HK. Role of ERK/MAPK signalling pathway in anti-inflammatory effects of Ecklonia cava in activated human mast cell line-1 cells. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(14)60120-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Kim SJ, Yoon SJ, Kim YM, Hong SW, Yeon SH, Choe KI, Lee SM. HS-23, Lonicera japonica extract, attenuates septic injury by suppressing toll-like receptor 4 signaling. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:256-266. [PMID: 24862492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lonicera japonica Thunberg is a traditional herbal medicine widely used in East Asia as an anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral agent. This study was designed to investigate the effects of HS-23, ethanol extract of the dried flower buds of Lonicera japonica, in experimental models of sepsis and elucidate the mechanisms of action of HS-23. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male ICR mice were intravenously administered HS-23 (20 and 40 mg/kg) for 0 (immediately) and 24 h after cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) for survival tests, and HS-23 (40 mg/kg) immediately after CLP for biochemical assays. RESULTS HS-23 improved sepsis-induced mortality, enhanced bacterial clearance, and attenuated multiple organ failure. The mechanisms of action of HS-23 included attenuation of increased toll-like receptor (TLR)4 protein and mRNA expression. HS-23 suppressed sepsis-induced increases in protein expression of myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88, p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase in both liver and lung, as well as TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β and interferon regulatory transcription factor 3 protein expression in liver. CONCLUSION The results of this study revealed that HS-23 attenuated sepsis through suppression of TLR signaling pathways. Therefore, our findings suggest that HS-23 might be useful as a potential therapeutic agent for treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Jin Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Yoon
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mok Kim
- Department of New Drug Development, Huons Co., Ltd., Ansan 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Woon Hong
- Department of New Drug Development, Huons Co., Ltd., Ansan 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hum Yeon
- Botanical Drug Research Team, Huons Co., Ltd., Ansan 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-In Choe
- Botanical Drug Research Team, Huons Co., Ltd., Ansan 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Mee Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea.
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Montejano-Rodríguez JR, Almaguer-Vargas G, Gayosso-De-Lucio JA, Ocharan Hernández ME, Moreno Martínez RE, Hernández Caballero ME, Torres-Valencia JM, Sierra Ramírez JA. Evaluation of the diuretic activity of the ethanolic extract of Geranium seemannii Peyr. in Wistar rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jopr.2013.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Choi Y, Kim MS, Hwang JK. Inhibitory Effects of Panduratin A on Allergy-Related Mediator Production in Rat Basophilic Leukemia Mast Cells. Inflammation 2012; 35:1904-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-012-9513-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Han YS, Kim MS, Hwang JK. Macelignan Inhibits Histamine Release and Inflammatory Mediator Production in Activated Rat Basophilic Leukemia Mast Cells. Inflammation 2012; 35:1723-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-012-9490-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Wu N, Zu Y, Fu Y, Kong Y, Zhao J, Li X, Li J, Wink M, Efferth T. Antioxidant activities and xanthine oxidase inhibitory effects of extracts and main polyphenolic compounds obtained from Geranium sibiricum L. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:4737-4743. [PMID: 20205393 DOI: 10.1021/jf904593n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant capacity and xanthine oxidase inhibitory effects of extracts and main polyphenolic compounds of Geranium sibiricum were studied in the present work. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated by ferric reducing antioxidant power, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, superoxide radical scavenging, nitric oxide scavenging, beta-carotene-linoleic acid bleaching, and reducing power assays. Among the extracts and four fractions, the ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest phenolic content (425.36 +/- 9.70 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g extracts) and the best antioxidant activity. The IC(50) values of the ethyl acetate fraction were 0.93, 3.32, 2.06, 2.66, and 1.64 microg/mL in the DPPH radical scavenging, superoxide radical scavenging, nitric oxide scavenging, beta-carotene-linoleic acid bleaching, and reducing power assays, respectively. Of the polyphenolic compounds separated from the ethyl acetate fraction, geraniin showed a higher activity than corilagin and gallic acid. The IC(50) values ranged from 0.87 to 2.53 microM, which were even lower than the positive control (except for allopurinol). All test samples except for the petroleum ether fraction showed xanthine oxidase inhibitory effects. We conclude that G. sibiricum represents a valuable natural antioxidant source and is potentially applicable in the healthy food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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