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Singh M, Singh S, Puri D, Sawhney SK, Kumar N, Yasir M, Nainwal P. The Anti-ulcer Potential of Weissella cibaria Assisted Bio-fermented Product of Citrus limetta Waste Peel in Wistar Albino Rats. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2024; 18:344-357. [PMID: 38566382 DOI: 10.2174/0118722083278152231121173605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are patents available related to fermented food and beverages which enhance to human health. Citrus limetta (Mosambi) has a high content of flavonoids and exhibits antioxidant activity, which could stimulate the digestive system and be useful for gastroprotective activity. It supports digestion by neutralizing the acidic digestive juices and reducing gastric acidity. OBJECTIVE This study explored the potential of using waste peel extract from Citrus limetta to prevent ulcers. The study specifically sought to assess the anti-ulcer properties of fermented and non-fermented extracts and compare them. Further, the study looked at the potential benefits of treating or preventing ulcers with Citrus limetta waste peels and whether fermentation affected the efficacy of the treatment. METHODS Thirty female Wistar albino rats were equally distributed into five different groups. Group 1 received distilled water (20 ml/kg/b.w); Group 2 received indomethacin (mg/kg/b.w); Group 3 received omeprazole (20 mg/kg/b.w); Group 4 received aqueous extract of Mosambi peel (400 mg/kg/b.w) and Group 5 received fermented product of extract of Mosambi peel (400 mg/kg/b.w). RESULTS Findings explored that, compared to non-fermented citrus fruit juice, biofermented exhibited less gastric volume (1.58 ± 0.10 ml vs. 1.8 ± 0.14 ml), reduced MDA levels (355.23 ± 100.70 μmol/mg protein vs. 454.49 ± 155.88 μmol/mg protein), and low ulcer index (0.49 ± 0.07 vs. 0.72 ± 0.14). CONCLUSION The results suggest that the bio-fermented product of Citrus limetta peel has better anti-ulcer potential against peptic ulcer induced by indomethacin in Wistar albino rats compared to non-fermented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, I.T.S College of Pharmacy, Murad Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shreshtha Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, I.T.S College of Pharmacy, Murad Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Puri
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Shalini Kapoor Sawhney
- Department of Pharmacology, I.T.S College of Pharmacy, Murad Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nitin Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy, Meerut Institute of Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohd Yasir
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Arsi University, Asella Oromia region, Ethiopia
| | - Pankaj Nainwal
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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2
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Lemos LMS, Ọlọ Ba-Whẹ Nù OA, Olasupo IA, Balogun SO, Macho A, Pavan E, de Oliveira Martins DT. Brasiliensic acid: in vitro cytotoxic and genotoxic, in vivo acute toxicity and in silico pharmacological prediction of a new promising molecule. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-14. [PMID: 38054294 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2280713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Brasiliensic acid (Bras) is a chromanone isolated from Calophyllum brasiliense Cambèss. bark extracts with confirmed potential activity on gastric ulcer and Helicobacter pylori infection. This study aimed to investigate the in vitro and in vivo toxicity of Bras and molecular docking studies on its interactions with the H. pylori virulence factors and selected gastric cancer-related proteins. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by alamarBlue© assay, genotoxicity by micronucleus and comet assays, and on cell cycle by flow cytometry, using Chinese hamster epithelial ovary cells. Bras was not cytotoxic to CHO-K1 cells, and caused no chromosomal aberrations, nor altered DNA integrity. Furthermore, Bras inhibited damages to DNA by H2O2 at 1.16 µM. No cell cycle arrest was observed, but apoptosis accounted for 31.2% of the cell death observed in the CHO-K1 at 24 h incubation of the IC50. Oral acute toxicity by Hippocratic screening test in mice showed no relevant behavioral change/mortality seen up to 1,000 mg/kg. The molecular docking approach indicated potential interactions between Bras and the various targets for peptic ulcer and gastric cancer, notably CagA virulence factor of H. pylori and VEGFR-2. In conclusion, Bras is apparently safe and an optimization for Bras can be considered for gastric ulcer and cancer.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Maria Scalon Lemos
- Área de Farmacologia, Departamento de Ciências Básicas em Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
- Área de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (Unemat), Cáceres, MT, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sikiru Olaitan Balogun
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS), Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Antonio Macho
- Área de Farmacologia, Departamento de Ciências Básicas em Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Morfologia e Imunologia Aplicada (NuPMIA). Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Pavan
- Área de Farmacologia, Departamento de Ciências Básicas em Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Domingos Tabajara de Oliveira Martins
- Área de Farmacologia, Departamento de Ciências Básicas em Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
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Afzal M, Alharbi KS, Alenezi SK, Alshammari MS, Alomar FA, Kazmi I. Europinidin Enhances Healing through Modulating Antioxidant Processes in Experimentally Induced-Stomach Ulcer Condition. INT J PHARMACOL 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2022.1509.1520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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4
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Hussein J, El-Bana MA, El-Naggar ME, Abdel-Latif Y, El-Sayed SM, Medhat D. Prophylactic effect of probiotics fortified with Aloe vera pulp nanoemulsion against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer. Toxicol Mech Methods 2021; 31:699-710. [PMID: 34376109 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2021.1958112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of probiotics fortified with Aloe vera pulp nanoemulsion on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer (GU). Freshly harvested Aloe vera pulp nanoemulsion was prepared and subsequently inoculated with 2% of the activated yogurt starter culture of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbreukii subsp. bulgaricus (1:1). Chemical composition and physicochemical characterization of yogurt and the Aloe vera pulp nanoemulsion were assessed. GU was induced by ethanol. Rats were randomly assigned into control, GU, and four prophylactic groups including probiotics fortified with Aloe vera pulp nanoemulsion in the percentage of 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% respectively. Serum levels of paraoxynase (POX) and tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and catalase (CAT) activity were assessed. Serum levels of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), ceramide, and homocysteine (Hcy) were evaluated. Results indicated that the Aloe vera pulp nanoemulsion was appeared in spherical nano form with droplets diameter around 330 nm. Ethanol induces GU to cause a significant increase in the levels of MDA, NO, NF-κB, IL-1β, MMP-9, Hcy, and ceramide along with a significant decrease in POX and CAT activities compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Pretreatment with different concentrations of probiotics fortified with Aloe vera pulp nanoemulsion with, especially the 30% concentration, significantly reduce the oxidative stress and ameliorate the release of different inflammatory mediators suggesting it as a promising approach in the protection against GU via scavenging superoxide radicals and inhibiting the activation of the inflammatory signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihan Hussein
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mona A El-Bana
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mehrez E El-Naggar
- Pre-Treatment and Finishing of Cellulosic Fabric Department,Textile Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yasmin Abdel-Latif
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.,Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Dalia Medhat
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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5
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Li S, Zhang L, He Q, Zhang X, Yang C. Synthesis of 2-alkyl-chroman-4-ones via cascade alkylation-dechlorination of 3-chlorochromones. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:5348-5352. [PMID: 34042936 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00463h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and mild synthetic approach for 2-alkyl-substituted chroman-4-ones via zinc-mediated cascade decarboxylative β-alkylation and dechlorination of 3-chlorochromones was developed. This transformation employed commercially available starting materials and was performed under mild conditions without heat, visible light, peroxide or heavy metals. Moreover, various alkyl NHPI esters with functional groups and differently substituted 3-chlorochromones were tolerated, affording the targeted products with moderate to excellent yields. This protocol could be utilized to construct a diverse library of 2-substituted chroman-4-one derivatives, which could be useful in the discovery of lead compounds for drug discovery in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China. and School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lanfei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Qian He
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Chunhao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China. and School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
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6
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Ardalani H, Hadipanah A, Sahebkar A. Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Peptic Ulcer Disease: A Review. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:662-702. [PMID: 31880244 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666191227151939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is the most common disorder of the stomach and duodenum, which is associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. PUD occurs due to an imbalance between offensive and defensive factors and Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI), Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and antibiotics are frequently used for the treatment. Recently, medicinal plants have emerged as efficacious, safe and widely available alternative therapies for PUD. The aim of this review was to study the medicinal plants and phytochemicals, which have been used for PUD treatment to evaluate the potential role of natural compounds to develop herbal remedies for PUD. Information was obtained using a literature search of electronic databases, such as Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, Sci Finder, Reaxys and Cochrane. Common and scientific names of the plants and keywords such as 'peptic ulcer', 'gastric ulcer', 'stomach ulcer' and 'duodenal ulcer' were used for search. Eventually, 279 plants from 89 families were identified and information on the plant families, part of the plant used, chemical constituents, extracts, ulcer model used and dosage were abstracted. The results indicated that most of the anti-PUD plants were from Asteraceae (7.1%) and Fabaceae (6.8%) families while flavonoids (49%), tannins (13%), saponins (10%) and alkaloids (9%) were the most common natural compounds in plants with anti-PUD activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Ardalani
- Department of Horticulture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Department Agroecology, Aarhus University, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Amin Hadipanah
- Department of Horticulture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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7
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Baker DA. Plants against Helicobacter pylori to combat resistance: An ethnopharmacological review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 26:e00470. [PMID: 32477900 PMCID: PMC7248673 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is regarded as the major etiological agent of peptic ulcer and gastric carcinoma. Claiming about 50 percent of the world population is infected with H. pylori while therapies for its eradication have failed because of many reasons including the acquired resistance against its antibiotics. Hence, the need to find new anti-H.pylori medications has become a hotspot with the urge of searching for alternative, more potent and safer inhibitors. In the recent drug technology scenario, medicinal plants are suggested as repositories for novel synthetic substances. Hitherto, is considered as ecofriendly, simple, more secure, easy, quick, and less toxic traditional treatment technique. This review is to highlight the anti-H. pylori medicinal plants, secondary metabolites and their mode of action with the aim of documenting such plants before they are effected by cultures and traditions that is expected as necessity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doha Abou Baker
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Dept., Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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8
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Ghasemian A, Fattahi A, Shokouhi Mostafavi SK, Almarzoqi AH, Memariani M, Ben Braiek O, Yassine HM, Mostafavi NSS, Ahmed MM, Mirforughi SA. Herbal medicine as an auspicious therapeutic approach for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection: A concise review. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:16847-16860. [PMID: 30847906 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) causes gastric mucosa inflammation and gastric cancer mostly via several virulence factors. Induction of proinflammatory pathways plays a crucial role in chronic inflammation, gastric carcinoma, and H. pylori pathogenesis. Herbal medicines (HMs) are nontoxic, inexpensive, and mostly anti-inflammatory reminding meticulous emphasis on the elimination of H. pylori and gastric cancer. Several HM has exerted paramount anti-H. pylori traits. In addition, they exert anti-inflammatory effects through several cellular circuits such as inhibition of 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, nuclear factor-κB, and activator protein-1 pathway activation leading to the inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1α [IL-1α], IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, interferon γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α) expression. Furthermore, they inhibit nitrous oxide release and COX-2 and iNOS activity. The apoptosis induction in Th1 and Th17-polarized lymphocytes and M2-macrophagic polarization and STAT6 activation has also been exhibited. Thus, their exact consumable amount has not been revealed, and clinical trials are needed to achieve optimal concentration and their pharmacokinetics. In the aspect of bioavailability, solubility, absorption, and metabolism of herbal compounds, nanocarriers such as poly lactideco-glycolide-based loading and related formulations are helpful. Noticeably, combined therapies accompanied by probiotics can also be examined for better clearance of gastric mucosa. In addition, downregulation of inflammatory microRNAs (miRNAs) by HMs and upregulation of those anti-inflammatory miRNAs is proposed to protect the gastric mucosa. Thus there is anticipation that in near future HM-based formulations and proper delivery systems are possibly applicable against gastric cancer or other ailments because of H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolmajid Ghasemian
- Department of Biology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Fattahi
- Center for Research and Training in Skin Disease and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Hussein Almarzoqi
- Department of Biology, College of Science for Women, Babylon University, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Mojtaba Memariani
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Olfa Ben Braiek
- Laboratory of Microorganisms and Active Biomolecules, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El-Manar, El Manar, Tunisia
| | - Hadi M Yassine
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Mohanad Mohsin Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq
| | - Seyede Amene Mirforughi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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9
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Phytochemicals in Helicobacter pylori Infections: What Are We Doing Now? Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082361. [PMID: 30103451 PMCID: PMC6121492 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this critical review, plant sources used as effective antibacterial agents against Helicobacter pylori infections are carefully described. The main intrinsic bioactive molecules, responsible for the observed effects are also underlined and their corresponding modes of action specifically highlighted. In addition to traditional uses as herbal remedies, in vitro and in vivo studies focusing on plant extracts and isolated bioactive compounds with anti-H. pylori activity are also critically discussed. Lastly, special attention was also given to plant extracts with urease inhibitory effects, with emphasis on involved modes of action.
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10
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Geiger L, Nieger M, Bräse S. Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reactions of Tetrahydroxanthones and 4-Chromanone Lactones to Heteromeric Biaryls. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Geiger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of Chemistry; University of Helsinki; P. O. Box 55 00014 University of Helsinki Finland
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
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11
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Lemos LMS, Miyajima F, Castilho GRC, Martins DTO, Pritchard DM, Burkitt MD. Hexane Extracts of Calophyllum brasiliense Inhibit the Development of Gastric Preneoplasia in Helicobacter felis Infected INS-Gas Mice. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:92. [PMID: 28289390 PMCID: PMC5326747 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Indigenous Latin American populations have used extracts from Calophyllum brasiliense, a native hardwood, to treat gastrointestinal symptoms for generations. The hexane extract of Calophyllum brasiliense stem bark (HECb) protects against ethanol-mediated gastric ulceration in Swiss–Webster mice. We investigated whether HECb inhibits the development of gastric epithelial pathology following Helicobacter felis infection of INS-Gas mice. Materials and Methods: Groups of five male, 6-week-old INS-Gas mice were colonized with H. felis by gavage. From 2 weeks after colonization their drinking water was supplemented with 2% Tween20 (vehicle), low dose HECb (33 mg/L, lHECb) or high dose HECb (133 mg/L, hHECb). Equivalent uninfected groups were studied. Animals were culled 6 weeks after H. felis colonization. Preneoplastic pathology was quantified using established histological criteria. Gastric epithelial cell turnover was quantified by immunohistochemistry for Ki67 and active-caspase 3. Cytokines were quantified using an electrochemiluminescence assay. Results: Vehicle-treated H. felis infected mice exhibited higher gastric atrophy scores than similarly treated uninfected mice (mean atrophy score 5.6 ± 0.87 SEM vs. 2.2 ± 0.58, p < 0.01). The same pattern was observed following lHECb. Following hHECb treatment, H. felis status did not significantly alter atrophy scores. Gastric epithelial apoptosis was not altered by H. felis or HECb administration. Amongst vehicle-treated mice, gastric epithelial cell proliferation was increased 2.8-fold in infected compared to uninfected animals (p < 0.01). Administration of either lHECb or hHECb reduced proliferation in infected mice to levels similar to uninfected mice. A Th17 polarized response to H. felis infection was observed in all infected groups. hHECb attenuated IFN-γ, IL-6, and TNF production following H. felis infection [70% (p < 0.01), 67% (p < 0.01), and 41% (p < 0.05) reduction vs. vehicle, respectively]. Conclusion: HECb modulates gastric epithelial pathology following H. felis infection of INS-Gas mice. Further studies are indicated to confirm the mechanisms underlying these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa M S Lemos
- Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of LiverpoolLiverpool, UK; Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Federal University of Mato GrossoMato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Fabio Miyajima
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of LiverpoolLiverpool, UK; Group of Neuropharmacology, Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of CearáFortaleza, Brazil
| | - Geovane R C Castilho
- Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | | | - D Mark Pritchard
- Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool Liverpool, UK
| | - Michael D Burkitt
- Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool Liverpool, UK
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Lago JHG, Tezoto J, Yazbek PB, Cassas F, Santos JDF, Rodrigues E. Exudates used as medicine by the “caboclos river-dwellers” of the Unini River, AM, Brazil – classification based in their chemical composition. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Krishnan J, Sinu CR, Anusree M, Seetha Lakshmi KC, Mayadevi TS, Eringathodi S, Nair V. Synthesis of Cyclopentachromans byN-Heterocyclic Carbene-Mediated Homoenolate Annulation of Chroman-3-ene-4-ones. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201600074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jagadeesh Krishnan
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division; National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST); Trivandrum 695 019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi; 110001 India
| | - C. R. Sinu
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division; National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST); Trivandrum 695 019 India
| | - M. Anusree
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division; National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST); Trivandrum 695 019 India
| | - K. C. Seetha Lakshmi
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division; National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST); Trivandrum 695 019 India
- School of Chemical Sciences; Mahatma Gandhi University; Kottayam 686560 India
| | - T. S. Mayadevi
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division; National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST); Trivandrum 695 019 India
| | - Suresh Eringathodi
- Analytical Department and Centralized Instrument Facility; CSIR-CSMCRI; Bhavnagar 364 002 India
| | - Vijay Nair
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division; National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST); Trivandrum 695 019 India
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14
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Lemos LMS, Oliveira RB, Sampaio BL, Ccana-Ccapatinta GV, Da Costa FB, Martins DTO. Brasiliensic and isobrasiliensic acids: isolation from Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess. and anti-Helicobacter pylori activity. Nat Prod Res 2016; 30:2720-2725. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1137568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa M. S. Lemos
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Rejane B. Oliveira
- AsterBioChem Research Team, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Bruno L. Sampaio
- AsterBioChem Research Team, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Gari V. Ccana-Ccapatinta
- AsterBioChem Research Team, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Fernando B. Da Costa
- AsterBioChem Research Team, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Domingos T. O. Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso Cuiabá, Brazil
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Garro MF, Salinas Ibáñez AG, Vega AE, Arismendi Sosa AC, Pelzer L, Saad JR, Maria AO. Gastroprotective effects and antimicrobial activity of Lithraea molleoides and isolated compounds against Helicobacter pylori. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 176:469-474. [PMID: 26571088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lithraea molleoides (Vell.) Engl. (Anacardiaceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally used in South America to treat various ailments, including diseases of the digestive system. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the in vivo antiulcer and antimicrobial activities against Helicobacter pylori of L. molleoides and its isolated compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS Methanolic extract 250 and 500 mg/kg, (LmE 250 and LmE 500, respectively) and infusions, 10 g and 20 g en 100mL (LmI 10 and LmI 20, respectively) of L. molleoides was evaluated for antiulcer activity against 0.6N HCl, 0.2N NaOH, 200mg/kg acetilsalicilic acid and absolute ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats. The degree of erosion in the glandular part of the stomach was assessed from a scoring system. Acute toxicity in mice was also evaluated. The antiulcer effect of the isolated compounds (catechol, mannitol, rutin, gallic acid, ferulic acid and caffeic acid, 100mg/kg) was evaluated against absolute ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats. The anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of L. molleoides and isolated compounds was performed using broth dilution methods. RESULTS The LmE 250, LmE 500, LmI 10 and LmI 20 produced significant inhibition on the ulcer index in 0.6N HCl, 0.2N NaOH, 200mg/kg acetilsalicilic acid and absolute ethanol- induced gastric ulcers in rats. The isolated compounds, catechol, mannitol, rutin, ferulic acid and caffeic acid were active in absolute ethanol- induced gastric ulcers in rats. L. molleoides and different compounds showed antimicrobial activity in all strains tested. The lowest MIC value (0. 5 μg/mL) was obtained with catechol in six of eleven strains assayed. No signs of toxicity were observed with doses up to 2g/kg in an acute toxicity assay. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that L. molleoides displays potential antiulcerogenic and antimicrobial activities and the identification of active principles could support the use of this plant for the treatment of digestive affections.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Filomena Garro
- Área de Farmacognosia, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco y Pedernera, CP 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - Angel Gabriel Salinas Ibáñez
- Área de Microbiología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco y Pedernera, CP 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Alba Edith Vega
- Área de Microbiología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco y Pedernera, CP 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Andrea Celeste Arismendi Sosa
- Área de Microbiología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco y Pedernera, CP 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Lilian Pelzer
- Área de Farmacología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco y Pedernera, CP 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - José Roberto Saad
- Área de INTEQUI-Química Orgánica. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco y Pedernera, CP 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Olivia Maria
- Área de Farmacología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco y Pedernera, CP 5700, San Luis, Argentina.
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Safavi M, Shams-Ardakani M, Foroumadi A. Medicinal plants in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infections. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 53:939-960. [PMID: 25430849 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.952837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Helicobacter pylori is a small, spiral, Gram-negative bacillus that plays a role in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases ranging from asymptomatic gastritis to gastric cancer. Schedule compliance, antibiotic drug resistance, and side-effects of triple or quadruple therapy have led to research for novel candidates from plants. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this paper is to review the most potent medicinal plants of recently published literature with anti-H. pylori activity. For centuries, herbals have been used by traditional healers around the world to treat various gastrointestinal tract disorders such as dyspepsia, gastritis, and peptic ulcer disease. The mechanism of action by which these botanicals exert their therapeutic properties has not been completely and clearly elucidated. Anti-H. pylori properties may be one of the possible mechanisms by which gastroprotective herbs treat gastrointestinal tract disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic databases such as PubMed, Google scholar, EBSCO, and local databases were explored for medicinal plants with anti-H. pylori properties between 1984 and 2013 using key words "medicinal plants" and "Helicobacter pylori" or "anti-Helicobacter pylori". RESULTS A total of 43 medicinal plant species belonging to 27 families including Amaryllidaceae, Anacardiaceae, Apiaceae, Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae, Asteraceae, Bignoniaceae, Clusiaceae, Chancapiedra, Combretaceae, Cyperaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Geraniaceae, Lamiaceae, Lauraceae, Lythraceae, Menispermaceae, Myristicaceae, Myrtaceae, Oleaceae, Papaveraceae, Plumbaginaceae, Poaceae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae, and Theaceae were studied as herbs with potent anti-H. pylori effects. CONCLUSION Traditional folk medicinal use of some of these plants to treat gastric infections is substantiated by the antibacterial activity of their extracts against H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliheh Safavi
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST) , Tehran , Iran
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Abstract
Peptic ulcers are open sores or erosions in the lining of either the duodenum (duodenal ulcers) or the stomach (gastric ulcers). Peptic ulcer, which is mainly caused by bacterial attack or excess of acid secretion, can be cured effectively by these isolated plant compounds. In this present scenario, demand for herbal medicines are increasing due to easy availability in surrounding place at low cost. This review article is all about such isolated plant compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids and terpenoids. Various plants have been used as folk medicine by the people of rural area, which shows significant effect against peptic ulcer. Further study should be conducted upon these herbal plants because there is possibility for minimising the adverse effect caused by the present antiulcer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parag Jain
- a Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya , Koni, Bilaspur , Chhattisgarh 495009 , India
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Nagaraja V, Eslick GD. Evidence-based assessment of proton-pump inhibitors in Helicobacter pylori eradication: A systematic review. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:14527-14536. [PMID: 25356018 PMCID: PMC4209521 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i40.14527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptic ulcer disease continues to be issue especially due to its high prevalence in the developing world. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection associated duodenal ulcers should undergo eradication therapy. There are many regimens offered for H. pylori eradication which include triple, quadruple, or sequential therapy regimens. The central aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the evidence for H. pylori therapy from a meta-analytical outlook. The consequence of the dose, type of proton-pump inhibitor, and the length of the treatment will be debated. The most important risk factor for eradication failure is resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole.
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Oliveira MC, Lemos LMS, de Oliveira RG, Dall'Oglio EL, de Sousa Júnior PT, de Oliveira Martins DT. Evaluation of toxicity of Calophyllum brasiliense stem bark extract by in vivo and in vitro assays. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:30-38. [PMID: 24933219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Calophyllum brasiliense Camb., Clusiaceae, is commonly known as "guanandi" and its stem bark is used in Brazilian traditional medicine to treat rheumatism, vein problems, hemorrhoids and gastric ulcers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of hexane extract of Calophyllum brasiliense stem bark (HECb) using in vitro and in vivo experimental models. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro toxicity was evaluated by Alamar Blue cytotoxicity assay and micronucleus test, using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-k1) epithelial cells. in vivo toxicity was evaluated by oral acute and subchronic toxicity assays. In the oral acute toxicity screening, a single dose of HECb was administered to mice at doses ranging from 250 to 1000 mg/kg. In the subchronic study, HECb was administered orally for 30 days to Wistar rats at doses of 100 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg. Phytochemical analyses were performed by HPLC/UV-vis, secondary metabolites were quantified by spectrophotometric methods. RESULTS HECb presented IC50=119.94±4.31 µg/mL after a 24 h cytotoxicity test using CHO-k1 cells, showing low cytotoxicity. However, when the cells were exposed to HECb for 72 h, the IC50 value was 8.39±2.00 µg/mL, showing in this case, a pronounced cytotoxic effect. In the oral acute toxicity studies, doses up to 500 mg/kg of HECb did not cause any changes in both male and female mice. At 1000 mg/kg, male mice showed signs typical of depression and stimulation that were reversed at 72 h. Besides, female mice were more sensitive to the toxic effect of HECb at 1000 mg/kg, which initially presented typical agitation signals, followed by depression signals, leading to death of all the animals at 24h. In subchronic assay with rats, HECb administered orally at doses of 100 and 500 mg/kg did not cause significant changes in all clinical parameters evaluated. Histopathological analyses showed no deleterious effect in the vital organs of rats. Preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, steroids, and volatile coumarins. Analysis by HPLC showed two major peaks characteristic of chromanones. CONCLUSIONS In vitro toxicological tests showed that HECb exhibited cytotoxicity especially after 72 h of exposition, and mutagenicity on the highest tested dose. The in vivo studies demonstrated that HECb produced some toxicity signs at the highest dose tested, particularly, in the acute toxicity test but showed no significant signs of toxicity in the subchronic assay. Based on these and previous pharmacological studies, it is possible to say that HECb did not exhibit significant toxicity at its effective dose. This suggests that HECb is relatively safe in humans at its effective dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Canevari Oliveira
- Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Correa da Costa, no. 2367, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Larissa Maria Scalon Lemos
- Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Correa da Costa, no. 2367, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Ruberlei Godinho de Oliveira
- Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Correa da Costa, no. 2367, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Evandro Luiz Dall'Oglio
- Natural Products Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact and Earth Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Correa da Costa, no. 2367, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Paulo Teixeira de Sousa Júnior
- Natural Products Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact and Earth Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Correa da Costa, no. 2367, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Domingos Tabajara de Oliveira Martins
- Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Correa da Costa, no. 2367, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso 78060-900, Brazil.
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Vale FF, Oleastro M. Overview of the phytomedicine approaches against Helicobacter pylori. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:5594-5609. [PMID: 24914319 PMCID: PMC4024768 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i19.5594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) successfully colonizes the human stomach of the majority of the human population. This infection always causes chronic gastritis, but may evolve to serious outcomes, such as peptic ulcer, gastric carcinoma or mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. H. pylori first line therapy recommended by the Maastricht-4 Consensus Report comprises the use of two antibiotics and a proton-pomp inhibitor, but in some regions failure associated with this treatment is already undesirable high. Indeed, treatment failure is one of the major problems associated with H. pylori infection and is mainly associated with bacterial antibiotic resistance. In order to counteract this situation, some effort has been allocated during the last years in the investigation of therapeutic alternatives beyond antibiotics. These include vaccines, probiotics, photodynamic inactivation and phage therapy, which are briefly revisited in this review. A particular focus on phytomedicine, also described as herbal therapy and botanical therapy, which consists in the use of plant extracts for medicinal purposes, is specifically addressed, namely considering its history, category of performed studies, tested compounds, active principle and mode of action. The herbs already experienced are highly diverse and usually selected from products with a long history of employment against diseases associated with H. pylori infection from each country own folk medicine. The studies demonstrated that many phytomedicine products have an anti-H. pylori activity and gastroprotective action. Although the mechanism of action is far from being completely understood, current knowledge correlates the beneficial action of herbs with inhibition of essential H. pylori enzymes, modulation of the host immune system and with attenuation of inflammation.
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Nontraditional therapies to treat Helicobacter pylori infection. J Microbiol 2014; 52:259-72. [PMID: 24682990 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-014-3603-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Gram-negative pathogen Helicobacter pylori is increasingly more resistant to the three major antibiotics (metronidazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin) that are most commonly used to treat infection. As a result, there is an increased rate of treatment failure; this translates into an overall higher cost of treatment due to the need for increased length of treatment and/or the requirement for combination or sequential therapy. Given the rise in antibiotic resistance, the complicated treatment regime, and issues related to patient compliance that stem from the duration and complexity of treatment, there is clearly a pressing need for the development of novel therapeutic strategies to combat H. pylori infection. As such, researchers are actively investigating the utility of antimicrobial peptides, small molecule inhibitors and naturopathic therapies. Herein we review and discuss each of these novel approaches as a means to target this important gastric pathogen.
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Zakaria ZA, Balan T, Suppaiah V, Ahmad S, Jamaludin F. Mechanism(s) of action involved in the gastroprotective activity of Muntingia calabura. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 151:1184-1193. [PMID: 24380736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Muntingia calabura L. (Muntingiaceae) is locally known as kerukup siam. Its leaves, flowers, barks and roots have been used traditionally in East Asia and South America to treat various diseases including ulcer-related diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism(s) of gastroprotective effect of methanol extract of Muntingia calabura leaves (MEMC) using the pylorus ligation induced gastric ulceration in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five groups of rats (n=6) were administered orally once daily for 7 days with 8% Tween 80 (negative control), 100 mg/kg ranitidine (positive control), or MEMC (100, 250 or 500 mg/kg), followed by the ulcer induction via ligation of the pyloric part of the rat's stomach. This was followed by the macroscopic analysis of the stomach, evaluation of gastric content parameters, and quantification of mucus content. The antioxidant (measured using the superoxide anion and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-radical scavenging, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and total phenolic content (TPC) assays), anti-inflammatory (evaluated using the in vitro lipoxygenase and xanthine oxidase assays), phytoconstituents and HPLC analysis of MEMC were also carried out. RESULTS The MEMC significantly (p<0.05) reduced gastric lesion in this model. Furthermore, the extract also significantly (p<0.01) reduced the volume of gastric content whereas the total acidity was significantly (p<0.05) reduced in the doses of 100 and 500 mg/kg MEMC. Moreover, the mucus content increased significantly (p<0.01) in MEMC-treated rats. The extract also showed high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in all assays tested, and demonstrated the presence of high tannins and saponins followed by flavonoids. CONCLUSION The MEMC exerted gastroprotective effect via several mechanisms including the anti-secretory, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. These activities could be attributed to the presence of tannins, saponins and flavonoids (e.g. rutin, quercitrin, fisetin and dihydroquercetin).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Tavamani Balan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Velan Suppaiah
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Syahida Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fadzureena Jamaludin
- Natural Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), 52109 Kepong, Selangor, Malaysia
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Balan T, Mohd Sani MH, Suppaiah V, Mohtarrudin N, Suhaili Z, Ahmad Z, Zakaria ZA. Antiulcer activity of Muntingia calabura leaves involves the modulation of endogenous nitric oxide and nonprotein sulfhydryl compounds. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 52:410-418. [PMID: 24192248 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.839713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Context: Muntingia calabura L. (Muntingiaceae) is a native plant species of the American continent and is widely cultivated in warm areas in Asia, including Malaysia. The plant is traditionally used to relieve pain from gastric ulcers. Objective: This study was designed to determine the antiulcer activity of a methanol extract of M. calabura leaves (MEMC) and the possible mechanisms of action involved. Materials and methods: An acute toxicity study was conducted using a single oral dose of 2000 mg/kg MEMC. The antiulcer activity of MEMC was evaluated in absolute ethanol- and indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer rat models. MEMC was administered orally (dose range 25-500 mg/kg) to rats fasted for 24 h. The animals were pretreated with NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl esters (l-NAME) or N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) prior to MEMC treatment to assess the possible involvement of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) and nonprotein sulfhydryl (NP-SH) compounds in the gastroprotective effect of MEMC. Results: As the administered dose did not cause toxicity in the rats, the oral median lethal dose (LD50) of MEMC was >2000 mg/kg in rats. MEMC exerted significant (p < 0.001) gastroprotective activity in the ethanol- and indomethacin-induced ulcer models dose-dependently. Histological evaluation supported the observed antiulcer activity of MEMC. l-NAME and NEM pretreatment significantly (p < 0.05) reversed and abolished the gastroprotective effect of MEMC, respectively. Discussion and conclusion: The results obtained indicate that MEMC has significant antiulcer activity that might involve the participation of endogenous NO and NP-SH compounds. These findings provide new pharmacological information regarding the potential use of M. calabura.
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Shin IS, Jeon WY, Shin HK, Cha SW, Lee MY. Banhabaekchulchunma-tang, a traditional herbal formula attenuates absolute ethanol-induced gastric injury by enhancing the antioxidant status. Altern Ther Health Med 2013; 13:170. [PMID: 23844748 PMCID: PMC3711929 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background Banhabaekchulchunma-tang (hange-byakujutsu-tenma-to in Japanese and banxia-baizhu-tianma-tang in Chinese) is a mixture of fourteen herbs. It is used traditionally for the treatment of anemia, anorexia, general weakness, and female infertility in China, Japan, and Korea. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of a Banhabaekchulchunma-tang water extract (BCT) against ethanol-induced acute gastric injury in rats. Methods Gastric injury was induced by intragastric administration of 5 mL/kg body weight of absolute ethanol to each rat. The positive control group and the BCT group were given oral doses of omeprazole (50 mg/kg) or BCT (400 mg/kg), respectively, 2 h prior to the administration of absolute ethanol. The stomach of each animal was excised and examined for gastric mucosal lesions. To confirm the protective effects of BCT, we evaluated the degree of lipid peroxidation, the level of reduced glutathione (GSH), and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase in the stomach. In addition, we conducted an acute toxicity study to evaluate the safety of BCT according to OECD guideline. Results BCT reduced ethanol-induced hemorrhage, hyperemia, and loss of epithelial cell in the gastric mucosa. BCT reduced the increased lipid peroxidation associated with ethanol-induced acute gastric lesions, and increased the mucosal GSH content and the activities of antioxidant enzymes. In addition, BCT did not cause any adverse effects at up to 5000 mg/kg. Conclusions These results indicate that BCT protects the gastric mucosa against ethanol-induced gastric injury by increasing the antioxidant status. We suggest that BCT could be developed as an effective drug for the treatment of gastric injury caused by alcohol intake.
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The structure and energetics of pyrrolidinones, tetrahydrofuranones, piperidinones, and tetrahydropyranones: a computational study. Struct Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-013-0237-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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