1
|
Li Y, Duan Q, Wang C, Du L, Jiang Z, Li S, Ruan X, Huang L, He Z, Wen C, Zhang Y. Jieduquyuziyin prescription alleviates lupus development via inhibiting neddylation pathway to promote Bim-induced apoptosis of double negative T cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024:118884. [PMID: 39362327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 09/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Jieduquyuziyin prescription (JP) is an empirical prescription approved for application to treat systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in hospital within China. Despite the prominent treatment effect of JP clinically, further investigation is imperative to explore its underlying mechanisms. AIM OF THE STUDY We aim to investigate the impact of JP on DN T cell apoptosis in the treatment of SLE and the specific regulation mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Firstly, female MRL/lpr mice were treated with JP and the therapeutic efficacy of JP was evaluated via skin lesions, lymphoid organ enlargement, accumulation of autoantibodies and renal function. Then, flow cytometer analysis was performed to evaluate the proportions and the apoptosis of T cell subpopulations. Based on the above results, double-negative (DN) T cells were subjected to proteomic with subsequent differential screening. The expression of Ube2m and Bim was further validated using real-time PCR and western blot. Subsequently, DN T cells were incubated with JP-contained serum in vitro, and cell apoptosis was quantified using flow cytometry. Additionally, the expression levels of Ube2m, Bim and other associated proteins were also assessed through western blotting. To further clarify whether Ube2m serves as the key target of JP in regulating DN T cell apoptosis, the mice that Ube2m was specific deleted in T cells with spontaneous lupus (Ube2m-/-lpr) were utilized. JP was administered to WTlpr or Ube2m-/-lpr mice, followed by assessment of the lupus condition and DN T cell apoptosis. RESULTS JP administration effectively ameliorated the lupus phenotype. Then flow cytometry assay showed that JP treatment enhanced DN T cell apoptosis to reduce their accumulation and restored the immune homeostasis. Proteomic analysis revealed a significant inhibition of Ube2m for JP treatment, which is essential for maintaining homeostasis of DN T cells. Further experiments confirmed that JP treatment effectively downregulated the expression of Ube2m and subsequently upregulated the level of pro-apoptotic protein Bim with decreased Bim degradation. In vitro experiments also confirmed that JP-contained serum significantly facilitated DN T cell apoptosis and reduced DN T cell accumulation by inhibiting Ube2m expression. Furthermore, Ube2m-/-lpr mice were utilized and the impact of JP treatment on the apoptosis of DN T cells was found to be minimal in the absence of Ube2m. Mechanistic investigation reveals that JP exerts its effects by suppressing the expression of Ube2m, subsequently inhibiting CRL-dependent degradation of Bim, and ultimately promoting Bim-induced apoptosis in DN T cells. Furthermore, the blockade of Ube2m in T cells effectively prevents JP-induced apoptosis in DN T cells, underscoring Ube2m as one crucial therapeutic target of JP in mediating DN T cell apoptosis and managing SLE. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that JP treatment effectively restores the homeostasis of DN T cells in SLE by inhibiting Ube2m expression, thereby reducing Bim ubiquitination degradation. This ultimately enhanced DN T cell apoptosis and alleviates lupus phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Li
- Innovation Center for Medical Basic Research of Autoimmune Diseases, China National Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Qingchi Duan
- Innovation Center for Medical Basic Research of Autoimmune Diseases, China National Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Chenxi Wang
- Innovation Center for Medical Basic Research of Autoimmune Diseases, China National Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Lijun Du
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
| | - Zhangsheng Jiang
- Innovation Center for Medical Basic Research of Autoimmune Diseases, China National Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Suling Li
- Innovation Center for Medical Basic Research of Autoimmune Diseases, China National Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Xinyi Ruan
- Innovation Center for Medical Basic Research of Autoimmune Diseases, China National Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Lin Huang
- Innovation Center for Medical Basic Research of Autoimmune Diseases, China National Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Zhixing He
- Innovation Center for Medical Basic Research of Autoimmune Diseases, China National Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Chengping Wen
- Innovation Center for Medical Basic Research of Autoimmune Diseases, China National Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Yun Zhang
- Innovation Center for Medical Basic Research of Autoimmune Diseases, China National Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ma TL, Chang KF, Huang XF, Lai HC, Hsiao CY, Tsai NM. Angelica sinensis extract induces telomere dysfunction, cell cycle arrest, and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in human glioblastoma cells. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2023; 66:119-128. [PMID: 37322622 DOI: 10.4103/cjop.cjop-d-23-00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is one of the most aggressive and malignant tumors of the central nervous system. Conventional treatment for GB requires surgical resection followed by radiotherapy combined with temozolomide chemotherapy; however, the median survival time is only 12-15 months. Angelica sinensis Radix (AS) is commonly used as a traditional medicinal herb or a food/dietary supplement in Asia, Europe, and North America. This study aimed to investigate the effect of AS-acetone extract (AS-A) on the progression of GB and the potential mechanisms underlying its effects. The results indicated that AS-A used in this study showed potency in growth inhibition of GB cells and reduction of telomerase activity. In addition, AS-A blocked the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase by regulating the expression of p53 and p16. Furthermore, apoptotic morphology, such as chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation, and apoptotic bodies, was observed in AS-A-treated cells, induced by the activation of the mitochondria-mediated pathway. In an animal study, AS-A reduced tumor volume and prolonged lifespans of mice, with no significant changes in body weight or obvious organ toxicity. This study confirmed the anticancer effects of AS-A by inhibiting cell proliferation, reducing telomerase activity, altering cell cycle progression, and inducing apoptosis. These findings suggest that AS-A has great potential for development as a novel agent or dietary supplement against GB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Liang Ma
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Fu Chang
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Xiao-Fan Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chih Lai
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital; Institute of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yen Hsiao
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Nu-Man Tsai
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University; Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung; Department of Life-and-Death Studies, Nanhua University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ling JY, Wang QL, Liang HN, Liu QB, Yin DH, Lin L. Flavonoid-Rich Extract of Oldenlandia diffusa (Willd.) Roxb. Inhibits Gastric Cancer by Activation of Caspase-Dependent Mitochondrial Apoptosis. Chin J Integr Med 2023; 29:213-223. [PMID: 36044114 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-3679-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the apoptosis and cycle arrest effects of Oldenlandia diffusa flavonoids on human gastric cancer cells, determine the action mechanisms in association with the mitochondrial dependent signal transduction pathway that controls production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and evaluate the pharmacodynamics of a mouse xenotransplantation model to provide a reference for the use of flavonoids in prevention and treatment of gastric cancer. METHODS Flavonoids were extracted by an enzymatic-ultrasonic assisted method and purified with D-101 resin. Bioactive components were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography. Cell lines MKN-45, AGS, and GES-1 were treated with different concentrations of flavonoids (64, 96, 128, 160 µg/mL). The effect of flavonoids on cell viability was evaluated by MTT method, and cell nuclear morphology was observed by Hoechst staining. The apoptosis rate and cell cycle phases were measured by flow cytometry, the production of ROS was detected by laser confocal microscope, the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were observed by fluorescence microscope, and the expression of apoptotic proteins related to activation of mitochondrial pathway were measured by immunoblotting. MKN-45 cells were transplanted into BALB/c nude mice to establish a xenograft tumor model. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to reveal the subcutaneous tumor tissue. The tumor volume and tumor weight were measured, the expression levels of proliferation markers proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki-67 were detected by immunohistochemistry, and the expression levels of CA72-4 were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Oldenlandia diffusa flavonoids inhibited proliferation of MKN-45 and AGS human gastric cancer cells, arrested the cell cycle in G1/S phase, induced accumulation of ROS in the process of apoptosis, and altered MMP. In addition, flavonoids increased Apaf-1, Cleaved-Caspase-3, and Bax, and decreased Cyclin A, Cdk2, Bcl-2, Pro-Caspase-9, and Mitochondrial Cytochrome C (P<0.05). The MKN-45 cell mouse xenotransplantation model further clarified the growth inhibitory effect of flavonoids towards tumors. The expression levels of PCNA and Ki-67 decreased in each flavonoid dose group, the expression level of CA72-4 decreased (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Flavonoids derived from Oldenlandia diffusa can inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of human gastric cancer cells by activating the mitochondrial controlled signal transduction pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yin Ling
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qiu-Lan Wang
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China. .,Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Hao-Nan Liang
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qing-Bo Liu
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Dong-Hong Yin
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Li Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,Institute of Chinese (Tibetan) Medicine Resources, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bio-Prospecting of Crude Leaf Extracts from Thirteen Plants of Brazilian Cerrado Biome on Human Glioma Cell Lines. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031394. [PMID: 36771057 PMCID: PMC9921846 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Malignant gliomas are aggressive tumors characterized by fast cellular growth and highly invasive properties. Despite all biological and clinical advances in therapy, the standard treatment remains essentially palliative. Therefore, searching for alternative therapies that minimize adverse symptoms and improve glioblastoma patients' outcomes is imperative. Natural products represent an essential source in the discovery of such new drugs. Plants from the cerrado biome have been receiving increased attention due to the presence of secondary metabolites with significant therapeutic potential. (2) Aim: This study provides data on the cytotoxic potential of 13 leaf extracts obtained from plants of 5 families (Anacardiaceae, Annonaceae, Fabaceae, Melastomataceae e Siparunaceae) found in the Brazilian cerrado biome on a panel of 5 glioma cell lines and one normal astrocyte. (3) Methods: The effect of crude extracts on cell viability was evaluated by MTS assay. Mass spectrometry (ESI FT-ICR MS) was performed to identify the secondary metabolites classes presented in the crude extracts and partitions. (4) Results: Our results revealed the cytotoxic potential of Melastomataceae species Miconia cuspidata, Miconia albicans, and Miconia chamissois. Additionally, comparing the four partitions obtained from M. chamissois crude extract indicates that the chloroform partition had the greatest cytotoxic activity against the glioma cell lines. The partitions also showed a mean IC50 close to chemotherapy, temozolomide; nevertheless, lower toxicity against normal astrocytes. Analysis of secondary metabolites classes presented in these crude extracts and partitions indicates the presence of phenolic compounds. (5) Conclusions: These findings highlight M. chamissois chloroform partition as a promising component and may guide the search for the development of additional new anticancer therapies.
Collapse
|
5
|
Pan B, Xia Y, Gao Z, Zhao G, Wang L, Fang S, Liu L, Yan S. Cinnamomi Ramulus inhibits the growth of colon cancer cells via Akt/ERK signaling pathways. Chin Med 2022; 17:36. [PMID: 35264225 PMCID: PMC8905814 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00588-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colon cancer (CC) ranks the second highest mortality rate among malignant tumors worldwide, and the current mainstream treatment regimens are not very effective. The unique efficacy of Chinese herb medicine (CHM) for cancer has recently attracted increasing attention. Cinnamomi Ramulus (CR), as a classic CHM, has been widely used in the treatment of a variety of diseases for hundreds of years in China, but its specific pharmacological mechanism against CC needs to be fully evaluated. Methods TCMSP and China National Knowledge Infrastructure database were utilized to predict the candidate ingredients of CR, and TCMSP and SwissTargetPrediction database were also employed to predict the drug targets of the candidate ingredients from CR. We subsequently evaluated the therapeutic effect of CR by orally administrating it on CC-bearing mice. Next, we further identified the potential CC-related targets by using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Based on these obtained targets, the drug/disease-target PPI networks were constructed using Bisogenet plugin of Cytoscape. The potential core therapeutic targets were then identified through topological analysis using CytoNCA plugin. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed to predict the underlying mechanism of CR against CC. Furthermore, these in silico analysis results were validated by a series of cellular functional and molecular biological assays. UPLC–MS/MS method and molecular docking analysis were employed to identify the potential key components from CR. Results In this study, we firstly found that CR has potential therapeutic effect on cancer. Then, oral administration of CR could inhibit the growth of CC cells in C57BL/6 mice, while inhibiting the viability and motility of CC cells in vitro. We obtained 111 putative core therapeutic targets of CR. Subsequent enrichment analysis on these targets showed that CR could induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in CC cells by blocking Akt/ERK signaling pathways, which was further experimentally verified. We identified 5 key components from the crude extract of CR, among which taxifolin was found most likely to be the key active component against CC. Conclusions Our results show that CR as well as its active component taxifolin holds great potential in treatment of CC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13020-022-00588-6.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boyu Pan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, ITCWM Hospital, Tianjin University, No.92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yafei Xia
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, ITCWM Hospital, Tianjin University, No.92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zilu Gao
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Liangjiao Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Senbiao Fang
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410006, Hunan, China.
| | - Liren Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Shu Yan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, ITCWM Hospital, Tianjin University, No.92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sun G, Zhuang W, Lin QT, Wang LM, Zhen YH, Xi SY, Lin XL. Partial response to Chinese patent medicine Kangliu pill for adult glioblastoma: A case report and review of the literature. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:2845-2853. [PMID: 33969068 PMCID: PMC8058673 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i12.2845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma is the most common type of brain tumor and is invariably fatal, with a mean survival time of 8-15 mo for recently diagnosed tumors, and a 5-year survival rate of only 7.2%. The standard treatment for newly diagnosed glioblastoma includes surgery followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy and further adjuvant temozolomide. However, the prognosis remains poor and long-term survival is rare. This report aimed to demonstrate a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of glioblastoma.
CASE SUMMARY A patient was referred to the Department of Neurosurgery with an intracranial space-occupying lesion with a maximum diameter of approximately 5 cm. The tumor was compressing functional areas, and the patient accordingly underwent partial resection and concurrent chemoradiotherapy. The imaging and pathological findings were consistent with a diagnosis of glioblastoma with oligodendroglioma differentiation (World Health Organization IV). The patient was finally diagnosed with glioblastoma. However, the patient discontinued treatment due to intolerable side effects, and was prescribed Kangliu pill (KLP) 7.5 g three times/d, which he has continued to date. Significant shrinkage of the tumor (maximum diameter reduced from about 3.5 to about 2 cm) was found after 3 mo of KLP therapy, and the tumor was further reduced to about 1 cm after 3 years. The patient’s symptoms of headache, limb weakness, and left hemiplegia were relieved, with no side effects.
CONCLUSION KLP has been a successful intervention for glioblastoma, and the current case indicates that traditional Chinese medicine may offer effective alternative therapies for glioblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ge Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Qing-Tang Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Lei-Ming Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yu-Hang Zhen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Sheng-Yan Xi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gan-Qing-Ning Formula Inhibits the Growth of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Promoting Apoptosis and Inhibiting Angiogenesis in H 22 Tumor-Bearing Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:6376912. [PMID: 32831873 PMCID: PMC7428871 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6376912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective Gang-Qing-Ning (GQN) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula that has been used in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the folk population for decades. However, scientific validation is still necessary to lend credibility to the traditional use of GQN against HCC. This study investigates the antitumor effect of GQN on H22 tumor-bearing mice and its possible mechanism. Methods Fifty H22 tumor-bearing mice were randomly assigned to five groups. Three groups were treated with high, medium, and low dosages of GQN (27.68, 13.84, and 6.92 g/kg, respectively); the positive control group was treated with cytoxan (CTX) (20 mg/kg) and the model group was treated with normal saline. After 10 days' treatment, the tumor inhibitory rates were calculated. Pathological changes in tumor tissue were observed, and the key proteins and genes of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway were measured, as well as the mRNA expression levels of VEGF in tumor tissue. Results The tumor inhibitory rates of high, medium, and low dosages of GQN groups were 47.39%, 38.26%, and 22.17%, respectively. The high dosage of the GQN group significantly increased the protein and mRNA expression levels of Bax, Cyt-C, and cleaved Caspase 3 (or Caspase 3) (P < 0.01) but decreased the expression levels of Bcl-2, VEGF, and microvessel density (MVD) (P < 0.01). Conclusions The high dosage of GQN can significantly inhibit the tumor growth in H22 tumor-bearing mice. It exerts the antitumor effect by enhancing proapoptotic factors and inhibiting the antiapoptotic factor of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and inhibiting tumor angiogenesis.
Collapse
|
8
|
Matteucinol, isolated from Miconia chamissois, induces apoptosis in human glioblastoma lines via the intrinsic pathway and inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth in vivo. Invest New Drugs 2019; 38:1044-1055. [PMID: 31781904 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-019-00878-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Gliomas account for nearly 70% of the central nervous system tumors and present a median survival of approximately 12-17 months. Studies have shown that administration of novel natural antineoplastic agents is been highly effective for treating gliomas. This study was conducted to investigate the antitumor potential (in vitro and in vivo) of Miconia chamissois Naudin for treating glioblastomas. We investigated the cytotoxicity of the chloroform partition and its sub-fraction in glioblastoma cell lines (GAMG and U251MG) and one normal cell line of astrocytes. The fraction showed cytotoxicity and was selective for tumor cells. Characterization of this fraction revealed a single compound, Matteucinol, which was first identified in the species M. chamissois. Matteucinol promoted cell death via intrinsic apoptosis in the adult glioblastoma lines. In addition, Matteucinol significantly reduced the migration, invasion, and clonogenicity of the tumor cells. Notably, it also reduced tumor growth and angiogenesis in vivo. Moreover, this agent showed synergistic effects with temozolomide, a chemotherapeutic agent commonly used in clinical practice. Our study demonstrates that Matteucinol from M chamissois is a promising compound for the treatment of glioblastomas and may be used along with the existing chemotherapeutic agents for more effective treatment.
Collapse
|
9
|
Huo J, Lu Y, Jiao Y, Chen D. Structural characterization and anticomplement activity of an acidic polysaccharide from Hedyotis diffusa. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 155:1553-1560. [PMID: 31751720 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An acidic homogeneous polysaccharide (HD-PS-1) was purified from Hedyotis diffusa (Willd.) Roxb. HD-PS-1 possessed a backbone chain of →[4)-β-Glcp-3-OAc-(1]6→[6)-β-Manp-(1]2→6)-α-Galp-(1→[4)-α-Galp-(1]2→, with three branches of β-Manp-(1→3)-β-GlcpA, α-Rhap-(1→3)-α-Rhap and α-Galp attached to the backbone chain at O-4 position of 1,4,6-linked β-Manp, O-3 position of 1,3,6-linked α-Galp and O-3 position of 1,3,4-linked α-Galp, respectively. HD-PS-1 exhibited significant anticomplement activity (CH50: 0.084 ± 0.009 mg/mL, AP50: 0.176 ± 0.013 mg/mL). It was found that the presence of uronic acids is important to anticomplement activity of HD-PS-1, given that the reduced HD-PS-1 showed weaker activity (CH50: 0.456 ± 0.008 mg/mL, AP50: 0.572 ± 0.010 mg/mL). Preliminary mechanism study indicated that HD-PS-1 interacted with C3 and C4 in the complement activation cascade. In addition, a neutral homogeneous polysaccharide (HD-PS-2) was also purified and characterized. HD-PS-2 displayed antioxidant activity by scavenging DPPH· radicals without anticomplement activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyan Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yukun Jiao
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Daofeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Shi J, Zhang W, He L, Kong F, Pan M, Guo J, Xu X, Guo J, Wang H, Wang Y. Jinlong capsule inhibits migration and invasion in human glioblastoma cells via the modulation of mTOR/S6 signaling pathway. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:1023-1032. [PMID: 31114156 PMCID: PMC6497872 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s195409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the anticancer effects of Jinlong capsule (JLC) against human glioblastoma cells and the possible underlying mechanism. Methods: Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assay were adopted for the analysis of cell viability. Cell invasion and migration were evaluated by transwell and wound healing assays. Then, the expression level of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR), S6 and phosphorylated S6 (p-S6) were determined by western blotting. Results: The results showed that JLC significantly inhibited human glioblastoma cell proliferation, invasion and migration in a dose-dependent manner. The expressions of p-mTOR and p-S6 were dramatically suppressed by JLC. Furtherly, inhibition of mTOR reduced the cell migration and invasion, while the mTOR agonist (MHY1485) could partially reverse the anti-migration and anti-invasion activity of JLC. Conclusion: The above results suggested that JLC would be a potential candidate for the treatment of glioblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingren Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanhong Kong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Meichen Pan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinmin Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, People's Republic of China
| | - Huizhu Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang C, Zhou X, Wang Y, Wei D, Deng C, Xu X, Xin P, Sun S. The Antitumor Constituents from Hedyotis Diffusa Willd. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22122101. [PMID: 29189741 PMCID: PMC6150003 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As a TCM, Hedyotis diffusa Willd. has been using to treat malignant tumors, and many studies also showed that the extracts from Hedyotis diffusa Willd. possessed evident antitumor activities. Therefore, we carried out chemical study on Hedyotis diffusa Willd. and investigated the cytotoxicity of the obtained compounds on a panel of eight tumor cell lines. As a result, four new compounds were isolated from Hedyotis diffusa Willd., including three iridoid glycosides of Shecaoiridoidside A–C (1–3) and a cerebroside of shecaocerenoside A (4). Also, six known iridoid compounds (5–10) were also obtained. The cytotoxicity of all compounds against human tumor cell lines of HL-60, HeLa, HCT15, A459, HepG2, PC-3, CNE-2, and BCG-823 were also evaluated in vitro. New compound 3 exhibited evident cytotoxicity to all tumor cell lines except the Hela, and the IC50 values are from 9.6 µM to 62.2 µM, while new compound 4 showed moderate cytotoxicity to all the cell lines, and the IC50 values are from 33.6 µM to 89.3 µM. By contrast, new compound 1 and known compound 9 showed moderate cytotoxicity to HCT15, A459, and HepG2 selectively. Known compound 7 also exhibited moderate cytotoxicity to HCT15 and A459 selectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changfu Wang
- College of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Outside Loop East Road of Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xuegang Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing 163319, China.
| | - Youzhi Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Donghua Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing 163319, China.
| | - Chengjie Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing 163319, China.
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing 163319, China.
| | - Ping Xin
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing 163319, China.
| | - Shiqin Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing 163319, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang C, Xin P, Wang Y, Zhou X, Wei D, Deng C, Sun S. Iridoids and sfingolipids from Hedyotis diffusa. Fitoterapia 2017; 124:152-159. [PMID: 29122633 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Seven new compounds were isolated from the aerial part of Hedyotis diffusa, including three iridoid glycosides, hedyoiridoidside A - C (1-3), two cerebrosides, hedyocerenoside F (4) and G (5), and two new ceramides, hedyoceramide A (6) and B (7). And six known iridoid glycosides (8-13) were also obtained. Their structures were established by their physico-chemical constants and spectroscopic analysis. The cytotoxicity of all compounds against tumor cell lines of human cervical cancer HeLa, human leukemia HL-60, human lung cancer A459, human hepatoma HepG2, human gastric gland carcinoma BCG-823, human nasopharyngeal cancer CNE-2, human colon cancer HCT15, and human prostate cancer PC-3 were also evaluated in vitro. As a result, new compound 1 exhibited evident cytotoxicity to all tumor cell lines, and the IC50 values are from 9.5μM to 28.2μM, while new compound 2 exhibited evident cytotoxicity to Hela, HL-60, A459, HepG2, BGC-823, CNE-2, and HCT15, and the IC50 values are from 15.8μM to 26.2μM. Known compound 11 also exhibited evident cytotoxicity to HL-60, A459, HepG2, BGC-823, CNE-2, and HCT15, and the IC50 values are from 16.5μM to 40.4μM. New compounds 4-7 and known compounds 12 and 13 showed moderate cytotoxicity to some tumor cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changfu Wang
- College of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Outside Loop East Road of Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ping Xin
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, 163319 Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Youzhi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, 163319 Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xuegang Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, 163319 Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Donghua Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, 163319 Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Chengjie Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, 163319 Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Shiqin Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, 163319 Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Review of Natural Product-Derived Compounds as Potent Antiglioblastoma Drugs. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:8139848. [PMID: 29181405 PMCID: PMC5664208 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8139848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Common care for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and temozolomide- (TMZ-) based chemotherapy. Unfortunately, these therapies remain inadequate involving severe mortality and recurrence. Recently, new approaches discovering combinations of multiple inhibitors have been proposed along with the identification of key driver mutations that are specific to each patient. To date, this approach is still limited by the lack of effective therapy. Hopefully, novel compounds derived from natural products are suggested as potential solutions. Inhibitory effects of natural products on angiogenesis and metastasis and cancer suppressive effect of altering miRNA expression are provident discoveries. Angelica sinensis accelerates apoptosis by their key substances influencing factors of apoptosis pathways. Brazilin displays antitumor features by making influence on reactive oxygen species (ROS) intensity. Sargassum serratifolium, flavonoids, and so on have antimetastasis effect. Ficus carica controls miRNA that inhibits translation of certain secretory pathway proteins during the UPR. Serratia marcescens and patupilone (EPO 906) are physically assessed materials through clinical trials related to GBM progression. Consequently, our review puts emphasis on the potential of natural products in GBM treatment by regulating multiple malignant cancer-related pathway solving pending problem such as reducing toxicity and side effect.
Collapse
|
14
|
Kuo YJ, Liu YJ, Way TD, Chiang SY, Lin JG, Chung JG. Synergistic inhibition of leukemia WEHI-3 cell growth by arsenic trioxide and Hedyotis diffusa Willd extract in vitro and in vivo. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:3388-3396. [PMID: 28587418 PMCID: PMC5450767 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is clinically used to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL); however, the therapeutic dose of ATO may prompt critical cardiac side effects. Combination therapy may be used to improve the therapeutic efficiency. To evaluate this possibility, the present study determined the combined effects of Hedyotis diffusa Willd (HDW) extract and ATO in leukemic WEHI-3 cells. The results demonstrated that co-treatment of HDW with ATO resulted in a synergistic augmentation of cytotoxicity in cells at the concentration tested. In order to investigate the potential therapeutic application for leukemia, the combined effects of HDW and ATO were analyzed on the WEHI-3 cell-induced orthotopic leukemia animal model in vivo. The WEHI-3 cells in mice with leukemia were established by injecting murine WEHI-3 cells into BALB/c mice, and treating them with HDW and/or combined with ATO. The results indicated that HDW alone or HDW combined with ATO promoted the total survival rate of mice with leukemia, and these effects are dose-dependent. HDW alone or HDW combined with ATO did not affect the body weight, decreased the spleen weight and did not affect the liver weight. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that HDW alone or HDW combined with ATO resulted in a synergistic augmentation of apoptosis in WEHI-3 cells at the concentration tested. In order to further reveal the detailed mechanism of this synergistic effect on apoptosis, apoptosis-related proteins were also evaluated. The data revealed that HDW alone or HDW combined with ATO induced the expression of death receptor 4 (DR4) and DR5 and the activation of poly adenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase, caspase-3, -8 and -9. Furthermore, HDW alone or HDW combined with ATO decreased the expression levels of B-cell lymphoma 2, B-cell lymphoma-extra large and survivin, and increased the expression levels of Bak and t-Bid. Altogether, the results indicate that the combination of HDW with ATO may be a promising strategy used to increase the clinical efficacy of ATO in the treatment of APL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jui Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tainan Municipal Hospital, Tainan 70173, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yan-Jin Liu
- Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tzong-Der Way
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Su-Yin Chiang
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jaung-Geng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan, R.O.C
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jiang J, Wang B, Li J, Ye B, Lin S, Qian W, Shan L, Efferth T. Total coumarins of Hedyotis diffusa induces apoptosis of myelodysplastic syndrome SKM-1 cells by activation of caspases and inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway proteins. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 196:253-260. [PMID: 27988397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hedyotis diffusa is an ethno-medicine used for anti-cancer treatment in the clinic of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The total coumarins of Hedyotis diffusa (TCHD) was a selected extract with observed antiproliferative activity, which has not been tested in treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to evaluate the apoptosis-inducing effect of TCHD on human MDS cell line (SKM-1) and explore its action mechanism in association with caspase family and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical constituents and total coumarins content of TCHD were determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) and UV-vis spectrophotometry, respectively. MTT assay, Hoechst 33258 staining, and Annexin V-FITC/PI double labeling were applied to evaluate TCHD's efficacy on SKM-1 cells. Western blot analysis was also used to clarify the action mechanism of TCHD on protein expression level. RESULTS Two compounds, p-coumaric acid and E-6-O-p-coumaroyl scandoside methyl ester, were identified in TCHD, and its total coumarins content reached 87.4%. By MTT assay, apoptosis-inducing effect of TCHD on SKM-1 cells was found in a dose-dependent manner after 24-48h treatment, with IC50 values of 104.48μg/ml and 100.66μg/ml, respectively. Morphological and flow cytometry observation also confirmed such effect of TCHD. Western blot analysis clarified its action mechanism associating with the activation of caspases and inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway proteins. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report regarding the apoptosis-inducing efficacy and mechanism of TCHD on SKM-1 cells, providing a promising candidate of TCM for MDS and AML therapy with fewer side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, PR China; Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China
| | - Bo Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, PR China
| | - Baodong Ye
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, PR China
| | - Shengyun Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, PR China.
| | - Wenbin Qian
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, PR China
| | - Letian Shan
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China.
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tu X, Deng Y, Chen J, Hu Q, He C, Jordan JB, Zhong S. Screening study on the anti-angiogenic effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine - Part I: Heat-clearing and detoxicating TCM. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 194:280-287. [PMID: 27616026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Few studies have explored the anti-angiogenic effects of TCM - even more so, as it applies to cancer treatment research. Heat-clearing and detoxicating TCM is the most frequently used category in the treatment of cancerous tumors, but lacks sufficient validation studies. AIM OF THE STUDY The present research (in our series of studies) aims to explore the anti-angiogenic effects of TCM; so we begin with heat-clearing and detoxicating TCM. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six typical heat-clearing and detoxicating TCM (Philippine Violet Herb, Wild Chrysanthemum, Heartleaf Houttuynia Herb, Chinese Lobelia Herb, Spreading Hedyotis Herb and Uniflower Swisscentaury Root) were decocted, concentrated, sieved and desiccated to attain the water extract. This study utilized the vascular organism research model for Fli1a-EGFP zebrafish, which were raised and maintained under standard conditions. 22h post-fertilization (hpf) embryos were distributed into 12-well plates for a treatment period of 26h. The TCM water extracts which were diluted in 0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), were added to each well at a concentration of 200μg/ml. The positive control was 5μg/ml PTK787 (vatalanib) and the vehicle control was 0.1% DMSO. At 48hpf larvae were tricaine anesthetized and imaged. To demonstrate if TCM shows angiogenesis defects, ten larvae were randomly chosen to conduct a quantitative assay. Quantitative real-time PCR was conducted to dissect the mechanisms involved by analyzing the contributions of signaling pathways and molecules concerning angiogenesis, with a total of ten genes examined. RESULTS All 30 larvae treated with Wild Chrysanthemum, Uniflower Swisscentaury Root and PTK787 showed angiogenesis defects. Embryos treated with Wild Chrysanthemum and Uniflower Swisscentaury Root showed a lower number of complete intersegmental vessels (ISVs) and there was statistically significant differences between TCM and the vehicle control. Wild Chrysanthemum and Uniflower Swisscentaury Root have a higher inhibition rate and the statistical difference between TCM and the vehicle control was significant. Compared with vehicle controls, Wild Chrysanthemum could significantly modulate the relative mRNA expression of all ten genes. Whereas, Uniflower Swisscentaury Root could significantly regulate the relative mRNA expression of seven genes, it did not show a significant impact on the remaining three genes. CONCLUSIONS The present research demonstrates that Wild Chrysanthemum and Uniflower Swisscentaury Root have anti-angiogenic effects in zebrafish and that they could regulate both proangiogenic mechanisms and negative angiogenesis regulators. Their anti-angiogenic effects result from effects on negative regulators overriding their effects on proangiogenic mechanisms. The results provide new insights into their clinical application and therapeutic potential for the management of angiogenesis-dependent diseases such as cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Tu
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base/Teaching Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan Province, China
| | - YuanPing Deng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Fushun County, Fushun 643200, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Hepatology, Teaching Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Quan Hu
- Department of Gerontology, Teaching Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan Province, China
| | - ChengShi He
- Department of Pneumology, Teaching Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan Province, China
| | - James B Jordan
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base/Teaching Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Sen Zhong
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base/Teaching Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen R, He J, Tong X, Tang L, Liu M. The Hedyotis diffusa Willd. (Rubiaceae): A Review on Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Quality Control and Pharmacokinetics. Molecules 2016; 21:E710. [PMID: 27248992 PMCID: PMC6273454 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21060710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedyotis diffusa Willd (H. diffusa) is a well-known Chinese medicine with a variety of activities, especially its anti-cancer effect in the clinic. Up to now, 171 compounds have been reported from H. diffusa, including 32 iridoids, 26 flavonoids, 24 anthraquinones, 26 phenolics and their derivatives, 50 volatile oils and 13 miscellaneous compounds. In vitro and in vivo studies show these phytochemicals and plant extracts to exhibit a range of pharmacological activities of anti-cancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibroblast, immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects. Although a series of methods have been established for the quality control of H. diffusa, a feasible and reliable approach is still needed in consideration of its botanical origin, collecting time and bioactive effects. Meanwhile, more pharmacokinetics researches are needed to illustrate the characteristics of H. diffusa in vivo. The present review aims to provide up-to-date and comprehensive information on the phytochemistry, pharmacology, quality control and pharmacokinetic characteristics of H. diffusa for its clinical use and further development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jingyu He
- Bioengineering Research Centre, Guangzhou Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xueli Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Lan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Menghua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang X, Jiang Y, Hu D. Optimization and in vitro antiproliferation of Curcuma wenyujin's active extracts by ultrasonication and response surface methodology. Chem Cent J 2016; 10:32. [PMID: 27186236 PMCID: PMC4868111 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-016-0177-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Curcuma wenyujin, a member of the genus Curcuma, has been widely prescribed for anti-cancer therapy. Multiple response surface optimization has attracted a great attention, while, the research about optimizing three or more responses employing response surface methodology (RSM) was very few. Results RSM and desirability function (DF) were employed to get the optimum ultrasonic extraction parameters, in which the extraction yields of curdione, furanodienone, curcumol and germacrone from C. wenyujin were maximum. The yields in the extract were accurately quantified using the validated high performance liquid chromatography method with a good precision and accuracy. The optimization results indicated that the maximum combined desirability 97.1 % was achieved at conditions as follows: liquid–solid ratio, 8 mL g−1; ethanol concentration, 70 % and ultrasonic time, 20 min. The extraction yields gained from three verification experiments were in fine agreement with those of the model’s predictions. The surface morphologies of the sonication-treated C. wenyujin were loose and rough. The extract of C. wenyujin presented obvious antiproliferative activities against RKO and HT-29 cells in vitro. Conclusion Response surface methodology was successfully applied to model and optimize the ultrasonic extraction of four bioactive components from C. wenyujin for antiproliferative activitiy.. ![]() Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13065-016-0177-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080 China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080 China
| | - Daode Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080 China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Song J, Wang Y, Teng M, Zhang S, Yin M, Lu J, Liu Y, Lee RJ, Wang D, Teng L. Cordyceps militaris induces tumor cell death via the caspase‑dependent mitochondrial pathway in HepG2 and MCF‑7 cells. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:5132-40. [PMID: 27109250 PMCID: PMC4878560 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cordyceps militaris (CM), an entomopathogenic fungus belonging to the class ascomycetes, possesses various pharmacological activities, including cytotoxic effects, on various types of human tumor cells. The present study investigated the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and anti-breast cancer effects of CM in in vitro and in vivo models. CM aqueous extract reduced cell viability, suppressed cell proliferation, inhibited cell migration ability, caused the over-release of lactate dehydrogenase, induced mitochondrial dysfunction and enhanced apoptotic rates in MCF-7 and HepG2 cells. The expression levels of cleaved poly (ADP ribose) polymerase and caspase-3, biomarkers of apoptosis, were increased following treatment with CM aqueous extract for 24 h. Furthermore, in the MCF-7 and HepG2 cells, enhanced levels of B cell-associated X protein and cleaved caspase-8 were observed in the CM-treated cells. Finally, the antitumor activities of CM in HCC and breast cancer were also confirmed in MCF-7- and HepG2-xengraft nude mice models. Collectively, the data obtained in the present study suggested that the cytotoxic effects of CM aqueous extract on HCC and breast cancer are associated with the caspase-dependent mitochondrial pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Song
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Yingwu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Meiyu Teng
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Shiqiang Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Mengya Yin
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Jiahui Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Robert J Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Lesheng Teng
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|