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Wang D, Ding J, Feng X, Chai X, Yang J, Liu C, Zeng Y, Zhou W, Wang Y. Identification of Q-Markers from Hedan Tablet by employing “spider-web” mode and taking compounds’ hepatotoxicity into account. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2022; 14:612-621. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Chen X, Wang C, Wang C, Liu C, Yuan Y, Wang B, Wu G, Han Y, Zhao Y, Wu Z, Li X. The emulsification properties of alkaline-extracted polysaccharide conjugates from Apocynum venetum L. tea residues. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Apocynum Leaf Extract Suppresses the Progress of Atherosclerosis in Rats via the FKN/SYK/p38 Signal Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5524226. [PMID: 34777534 PMCID: PMC8580673 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5524226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the antiatherosclerotic effects of flavonoids extracted from Apocynum venetum (AVF) leaves in atherosclerotic rats and the underlying mechanisms, a total of 72 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups: control group, model group, simvastatin group, low-dose AVF group, medium-dose AVF group, and high-dose AVF group. Atherosclerosis in rats was induced with a high-fat diet and an intraperitoneal injection of VD3 once daily for three contiguous days at a total injection dose of 70 U/kg. At the end of the 13th week, total serum cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) contents were measured. The hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was applied to evaluate the morphological changes. The ELISA method was used to detect related inflammatory factors and oxidative stress indicators. The corresponding protein expression and the mRNA level were detected by western blot analysis and reverse transcriptase PCR. HE staining showed that the thoracic aorta wall was thickened, and the aortic subendothelial foam cells and lipid vacuoles were reduced in the medium/high-AVF groups. Similarly, the TC, TG, LDL-C, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the model group were significantly higher, but the HDL-C level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were lower than those of the control group, and these effects were ameliorated by treatment with simvastatin or AVF. ELISA results showed that compared with the control group, the model group C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) results were significantly increased, and the medium AVF and high AVF could significantly reduce the expression of related inflammatory factors. The AVF inhibited intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin mRNA and related protein expression in the aorta in atherosclerotic rats. Western blot analysis also showed that AVF can significantly reduce the protein expression of fractalkine (FKN), spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38) in the rat aorta. We believe that the AVF can effectively reduce blood lipid levels in rats with atherosclerosis and delay atherosclerotic progression by inhibiting excessive inflammatory factors and inhibiting related adhesion factors. The underlying mechanism may be related to the FKN/SYK/p38 signaling pathway activity. Our results contribute to validating the traditional use of the Apocynum leaf extract in the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Zhang Z, Wang X, Wang C, Liu X. Synthesis, In Vitro Antiplatelet Activity of 4‐Ethoxy‐isophthalamides. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi‐hao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Tianjin University of Technology 300384 Tianjin China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Tianjin University of Technology 300384 Tianjin China
| | - Xiao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Tianjin University of Technology 300384 Tianjin China
| | - Chao‐qing Wang
- PPRA Health Science Gemdale Plaza, No. 91, Jianguo Rd, Chaoyang District, 100025 Beijing China
| | - Xiu‐jie Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Tianjin University of Technology 300384 Tianjin China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Tianjin University of Technology 300384 Tianjin China
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Genomic Survey, Transcriptome, and Metabolome Analysis of Apocynum venetum and Apocynum hendersonii to Reveal Major Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathways. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9120296. [PMID: 31817331 PMCID: PMC6950674 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9120296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Apocynum plants, especially A. venetum and A. hendersonii, are rich in flavonoids. In the present study, a whole genome survey of the two species was initially carried out to optimize the flavonoid biosynthesis-correlated gene mining. Then, the metabolome and transcriptome analyses were combined to elucidate the flavonoid biosynthesis pathways. Both species have small genome sizes of 232.80 Mb (A. venetum) and 233.74 Mb (A. hendersonii) and showed similar metabolite profiles with flavonols being the main differentiated flavonoids between the two specie. Positive correlation of gene expression levels (flavonone-3 hydroxylase, anthocyanidin reductase, and flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase) and total flavonoid content were observed. The contents of quercitrin, hyperoside, and total anthocyanin in A. venetum were found to be much higher than in A. hendersonii, and such was thought to be the reason for the morphological difference in color of A. venetum and A. hendersonii. This study provides valuable genomic and metabolome information for understanding of A. venetum and A. hendersonii, and lays a foundation for elucidating Apocynum genus plant flavonoid biosynthesis.
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Antithrombotic activity of flavonoids and polyphenols rich plant species. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2019; 69:483-495. [PMID: 31639083 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2019-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases represent one of the most notable health problems of the modern civilization. Stroke and heart attack often lead to lethal outcome; essential problem underneath being thrombus formation. Prophylactic approaches include acetylsalicylic acid and clopidogrel therapy on the level of primary hemostasis, i.e., primary clot formation. In the last five years, in the USA, health care expenses related to cardiovascular diseases have increased 50 %, to over 350 billion dollars. Thus, application of plant species and medicinal plants rich in polyphenols in prevention of thrombus formation are of interest. This is supported by the fact that the number of publications on antiaggregatory effect of polyphenols has doubled in the last decade. In this review we focus on antiaggregatory effect of most abundant polyphenols - flavonoids, the effect of plant extracts rich in polyphenols (propolis, species Salvia sp., Calamintha nepeta L., Lavandula angustifolia Mill., Melissa officinalis L, Mentha x piperita L., Ocimum basilicum L., Origanum vulgare L., Rosmarinus officinalis L.) on platelet aggregation, association of chemical composition and antioxidant properties with the observed biological effect, and possible clinical significance of the published results.
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Qiu J, Lingna W, Jinghong H, Yongqing Z. Oral administration of leeches (Shuizhi): A review of the mechanisms of action on antiplatelet aggregation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 232:103-109. [PMID: 30543914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The leeches (Shuizhi) comprise approximately 680 species distributed throughout the world. As recorded, they have been used as traditional Chinese medicines since the Eastern Han Dynasty, where they were claimed for promote blood circulation and eliminate blood stasis. And have been used to prevent CVDs by exerting multiple effects when orally administered, one of which is the significant inhibition of platelet aggregation. Its ability to exert this effect has been extensively investigated in vivo and in clinical practice. AIM OF STUDY The aim of this review is to summarize and analyse the antiplatelet aggregation mechanisms of leeches by oral administration, support their therapeutic potential and uncover opportunities for future research. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant studies from 1980 to 2018 on leeches and platelet aggregation were collected from ancient books, pharmacopoeia, reports and theses via library and internet databases (PubMed, CNKI, Google Scholar, Web of science, SciFinder, Springer and Elsevier). RESULTS Leeches is a unique animal medicine, they can prevent platelet aggregation by inhibiting ADP-induced platelet aggregation, increasing PGI2, decreasing TXA2 and Ca2+, and possibly recovering endothelial cell dysfunction. Leeches also exhibit a strong ability to activate eNOS, leading to an increase in platelet-derived NO. Additionally, the pteridine compounds obtained and identified from leeches have sulfur structure similar to those of other antiplatelet aggregation agents, such as ticlopidine, clopidogrel and ticagrelor. CONCLUSION The present review has focused on the related antiplatelet aggregation mechanisms, dipyridine compounds and toxicological information of leeches. According to the reported data, leeches have emerged as a good source of natural medicine for the treatment of antiplatelet aggregation agents and also make educated guesses for material basis of effects on antiplatelet aggregation. This review can help provide new insights for further studies in association with the development of effective antiplatelet aggregation drugs from natural medicines, especially leeches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Wang Lingna
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Hu Jinghong
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Zhang Yongqing
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
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Yu F, Tian X, Sun Y, Bi Y, Yu Z, Qin L. Xenocyloin Derivatives from Liquid Cultures of Xenorhabdus bovienii SN52. Nat Prod Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1701201209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of genus Xenorhabdus are symbiotically associated with entomopathogenic nematodes of genus Steinernema. Herein, we describe the isolation and purification of four novel metabolites, xenocyloins G-J (1–4), from liquid cultures of Xenorhabdus bovienii SN52 by extensive column chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC. Chemical structures of the xenocyloin derivatives were determined based on comprehensive NMR spectra and HR-ESI-MS analyses. All compounds exhibited significant collagen-induced anti-platelet aggregation activities, among which xenocyloin H (2) exhibited the strongest activity with an inhibition rate of 96.0 ± 0.1% at a concentration of 50 μM. The xenocyloin G (1) and H (2) exhibited anti-platelet activities with IC50 values which were 31.7 ± 4.4 μM and 27.5 ± 3.5 μM respectively; whilst under similar conditions the IC50 value for aspirin was 289.5 ± 15.7 μM, nearly ten times less than 1 and 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- Changchun Agricultural Products Quality Safety and Inspection Center, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xiaomei Tian
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Ying Sun
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yuhui Bi
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Zhiguo Yu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Li Qin
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
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Gong Y, Yang Y, Chen X, Yang M, Huang D, Yang R, Zhou L, Li C, Xiong Q, Xiong Z. Hyperoside protects against chronic mild stress-induced learning and memory deficits. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91:831-840. [PMID: 28501772 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperoside (quercetin-3-O-b-d-galactosidepyranose) is a plant-derived flavonoid mainly found in fruits, fruit juices (most notably flavanols, flavanones, and anthocyanins) and Chinese traditional medicines. It has been applied to relieve pain and improve cardiovascular functions in clinic. However, the effects of hyperoside on cognitive impairment induced by chronic stress and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In the current study, we used chronic mild stress (CMS) rats to investigate the effects of hyperoside on learning and memory and further explore the possible mechanisms. Our results demonstrated that hyperoside reduced the escape latency and the swimming distance of CMS rats in Morris water maze test and reversed depressive symptoms in forced swim test (FST) and sucrose preference test. In addition, hyperoside increased the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus of CMS rats without influencing the corticosterone (CORT) level in blood plasma. Furthermore, K252a, an inhibitor of the BDNF receptor TrkB, prevented the protective effects of hyperoside on learning and memory in CMS rats. Taken together, these results indicate that hyperoside reverses the cognitive impairment induced by CMS, which is associated with the regulation of BDNF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeli Gong
- Department of Immunology, Medical College, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Youhua Yang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- Experimental Centre, Medical College, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Rong Yang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Lianying Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Medical College, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Changlei Li
- Experimental Centre, Medical College, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Qiuju Xiong
- Department of Pain Management, Wuhan Pu-Ai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430033, China
| | - Zhe Xiong
- Department of Physiology, Medical College, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
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Li H, Liu Y, Yi Y, miao Q, Liu S, Zhao F, Cong W, Wang C, Xia C. Purification of quercetin-3- O -sophoroside and isoquercitrin from Poacynum hendersonii leaves using macroporous resins followed by Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1048:56-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lawrence H, Akehurst L, Leach AM, Cherryman J, Vrij A, Arathoon M, Vernham Z. ‘Look This Way’: Using Gaze Maintenance to Facilitate the Detection of Children's False Reports. APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/acp.3303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Lawrence
- University of Portsmouth; Department of Psychology; Portsmouth UK
| | - Lucy Akehurst
- University of Portsmouth; Department of Psychology; Portsmouth UK
| | - Amy-May Leach
- University of Ontario Institute of Technology; Toronto Canada
| | - Julie Cherryman
- University of Portsmouth; Department of Psychology; Portsmouth UK
| | - Aldert Vrij
- University of Portsmouth; Department of Psychology; Portsmouth UK
| | - Megan Arathoon
- University of Portsmouth; Department of Psychology; Portsmouth UK
| | - Zarah Vernham
- University of Portsmouth; Department of Psychology; Portsmouth UK
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HAO XULIANG, KANG YA, LI JIANKUAN, LI QINGSHAN, LIU ENLI, LIU XIAOXIA. Protective effects of hyperoside against H2O2-induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:399-405. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Liu X, Wang C, Ding X, Liu X, Li Q, Kong Y. A novel selective inhibitor to thrombin-induced platelet aggregation purified from the leech Whitmania pigra. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 473:349-354. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.03.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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