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Hussain MS, Altamimi ASA, Afzal M, Almalki WH, Kazmi I, Alzarea SI, Gupta G, Shahwan M, Kukreti N, Wong LS, Kumarasamy V, Subramaniyan V. Kaempferol: Paving the path for advanced treatments in aging-related diseases. Exp Gerontol 2024; 188:112389. [PMID: 38432575 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Aging-related diseases (ARDs) are a major global health concern, and the development of effective therapies is urgently needed. Kaempferol, a flavonoid found in several plants, has emerged as a promising candidate for ameliorating ARDs. This comprehensive review examines Kaempferol's chemical properties, safety profile, and pharmacokinetics, and highlights its potential therapeutic utility against ARDs. Kaempferol's therapeutic potential is underpinned by its distinctive chemical structure, which confers antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Kaempferol counteracts reactive oxygen species (ROS) and modulates crucial cellular pathways, thereby combating oxidative stress and inflammation, hallmarks of ARDs. Kaempferol's low toxicity and wide safety margins, as demonstrated by preclinical and clinical studies, further substantiate its therapeutic potential. Compelling evidence supports Kaempferol's substantial potential in addressing ARDs through several mechanisms, notably anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic actions. Kaempferol exhibits a versatile neuroprotective effect by modulating various proinflammatory signaling pathways, including NF-kB, p38MAPK, AKT, and the β-catenin cascade. Additionally, it hinders the formation and aggregation of beta-amyloid protein and regulates brain-derived neurotrophic factors. In terms of its anticancer potential, kaempferol acts through diverse pathways, inducing apoptosis, arresting the cell cycle at the G2/M phase, suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers, and affecting the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathways. Subsequent studies should focus on refining dosage regimens, exploring innovative delivery systems, and conducting comprehensive clinical trials to translate these findings into effective therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sadique Hussain
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, 302017 Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, 72341, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Ling Shing Wong
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Vinoth Kumarasamy
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Pharmacology Unit, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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Devaraji V, Sivaraman J, Prabhu S. Large-scale computational screening of Indian medicinal plants reveals Cassia angustifolia to be a potentially anti-diabetic. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:194-210. [PMID: 36961200 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2192886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Researchers are investigating the medicinal properties of herbal plants throughout the world, which often leads to the discovery of novel plants and their chemicals for prophylactic needs of humans. Natural phytochemicals continue to be sought as alternative treatments for various diseases because of their non-toxic and therapeutic properties. In recent years, computational phytochemistry has enabled large-scale screening of phytochemicals, enabling researchers to pursue a wide range of therapeutic research alternatives to traditional ethnopharmacology. We propose to identify an anti-diabetic plant by computational screening on Indian herbal plants in conjunction with experimental characterization and biological validation. The methodology involves the creation of an in-house Indian herbal plant database. Molecular docking is used to screen against alpha amylase for anti-diabetic prophylaxis. Cassia angustifolia was chosen because its phytochemicals are able to bind to alpha amylase. Plants were experimentally extracted, botanically studied and their biological activity was evaluated. Further, the use of molecular dynamics was then applied to pinpoint the phytochemicals responsible for the affinity of alpha amylase. Results in the phytochemical analysis of the extracts revealed strong presence of alkaloids, flavonoids and cardiac glycosides. Moreover, alpha amylase biological activity with C. angustifolia extracts of chloroform, hexane and ethyl acetate demonstrated activity of 3.26, 8.01 and 30.33 µg/ml validating computational predictions. In conclusion, this study developed, validated computational predictions of identifying potential anti-diabetic plants 'Cassia angustifolia' from house herbal databases. Hope this study shall inspire explore plant therapeutic repurposing using computational methods of drug discovery.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Devaraji
- Computational Drug Design Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jayanthi Sivaraman
- Computational Drug Design Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Prabhu
- Department of Botany, Annai Vailankanni Arts and Science College, Thanjavur, India
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Ramalho CEL, Reis DDS, Caixeta GAB, Oliveira MCD, Silva DMFD, Cruvinel WDM, Teófilo MNG, Gomes CM, Sousa PAD, Soares LF, Melo AMD, Rocha JD, Bailão EFLC, Amaral VCS, Paula JAMD. Genotoxicity and maternal-fetal safety of the dried extract of leaves of Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Meliaceae) in Wistar rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 310:116403. [PMID: 36963474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Meliaceae), popularly known as "neem", is used for the treatment of rheumatism, cancer, ulcers, diabetes, respiratory problems, among others. This species is present on six continents and contains more than 400 bioactive compounds. Practically all parts of the plant are used in the treatment of diseases. Although it is widely used, no study has evaluated the safety of this species throughout the gestational period in Wistar rats. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the genotoxicity and the effect of treatment with dried extract of leaves of Azadirachta indica on maternal toxicity and fetal development. MATERIALS AND METHODS The dried extract of leaves of A. indica was obtained by spray drying after percolation of the plant material in 30% ethanol (w/w). The total flavonoids and rutin contents of the extract were determined by spectrophotometric method and HPLC-DAD, respectively. Pregnant Wistar rats (n = 40) were divided into four groups (n = 10/group): one control and three groups treated with dried extract of leaves of A. indica at doses of 300, 600 or 1200 mg/kg. Treatments were carried out from gestational day (GD) 0-20. During gestation, clinical signs of toxicity, weight gain, feed and water consumption of the dams were evaluated. On GD 21, rats were euthanized and cardiac blood was collected. Liver, kidneys, lung, heart, uterus, ovaries and bone marrow were collected. Reproductive performance parameters, histopathological analysis, biochemistry and genotoxicity were evaluated. Fetuses were evaluated for external morphology, skeletal and visceral changes. RESULTS The total flavonoid content of the extract ranged from 2.64 to 3.01%, and the rutin content was 1.07%. There was no change in body mass gain, food and water consumption between the evaluated groups. There was also no difference between the groups in terms of biochemical parameters, reproductive performance, histopathological analysis of the mother's organs and genotoxicity. Supernumerary ossification sites of the sternum were observed, and other skeletal and visceral alterations were not significant. CONCLUSIONS The treatment did not induce maternal toxicity, it was neither embryotoxic nor fetotoxic. The extract was not potentially genotoxic, and at a dose of 1200 mg/kg, it caused changes in the ossification of the sternum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Eduardo Lacerda Ramalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas a Produtos para Saúde (CAPS). Universidade Estadual de Goiás. Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento & Inovação de Produtos da Biodiversidade. Universidade Estadual de Goiás. Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Diego Dos Santos Reis
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos. Universidade Estadual de Goiás. Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Graziele Alícia Batista Caixeta
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas a Produtos para Saúde (CAPS). Universidade Estadual de Goiás. Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil; Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos. Universidade Estadual de Goiás. Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Micaelle Cristina de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos. Universidade Estadual de Goiás. Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Danielle Milany Fernandes da Silva
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos. Universidade Estadual de Goiás. Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Wilson de Melo Cruvinel
- Escola de Ciências Médicas e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Clayson Moura Gomes
- Escola de Ciências Médicas e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Leiza Fagundes Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas a Produtos para Saúde (CAPS). Universidade Estadual de Goiás. Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento & Inovação de Produtos da Biodiversidade. Universidade Estadual de Goiás. Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Anielly Monteiro de Melo
- Laboratório de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento & Inovação de Produtos da Biodiversidade. Universidade Estadual de Goiás. Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Jamira Dias Rocha
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia. Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Elisa Flávia Luiz Cardoso Bailão
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia. Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Cristiane Santana Amaral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas a Produtos para Saúde (CAPS). Universidade Estadual de Goiás. Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil; Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos. Universidade Estadual de Goiás. Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Joelma Abadia Marciano de Paula
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas a Produtos para Saúde (CAPS). Universidade Estadual de Goiás. Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento & Inovação de Produtos da Biodiversidade. Universidade Estadual de Goiás. Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil.
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Hemdan BA, Mostafa A, Elbatanony MM, El-Feky AM, Paunova-Krasteva T, Stoitsova S, El-Liethy MA, El-Taweel GE, Abu Mraheil M. Bioactive Azadirachta indica and Melia azedarach leaves extracts with anti-SARS-CoV-2 and antibacterial activities. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282729. [PMID: 36888689 PMCID: PMC9994683 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The leaves of Azadirachta indica L. and Melia azedarach L., belonging to Meliaceae family, have been shown to have medicinal benefits and are extensively employed in traditional folk medicine. Herein, HPLC analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction of the total methanolic extract emphasized the enrichment of both A. indica L., and M. azedarach L. leaves extracts with phenolic and flavonoids composites, respectively. Besides, 4 limonoids and 2 flavonoids were isolated using column chromatography. By assessing the in vitro antiviral activities of both total leaves extracts against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), it was found that A. indica L. and M. azedarach L. have robust anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities at low half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 8.451 and 6.922 μg/mL, respectively. Due to the high safety of A. indica L. and M. azedarach L. extracts with half-maximal cytotoxic concentrations (CC50) of 446.2 and 351.4 μg/ml, respectively, both displayed extraordinary selectivity indices (SI>50). A. indica L. and M. azedarach L. leaves extracts could induce antibacterial activities against both Gram-negative and positive bacterial strains. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of A. indica L. and M. azedarach L. leaves extracts varied from 25 to 100 mg/mL within 30 min contact time towards the tested bacteria. Our findings confirm the broad-spectrum medicinal value of A. indica L. and M. azedarach L. leaves extracts. Finally, additional in vivo investigations are highly recommended to confirm the anti-COVID-19 and antimicrobial activities of both plant extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahaa A. Hemdan
- Water Pollution Research Department, Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mostafa
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
- * E-mail: (AM); (MAM)
| | | | - Amal M. El-Feky
- Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Stoyanka Stoitsova
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mohamed Azab El-Liethy
- Water Pollution Research Department, Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gamila E. El-Taweel
- Water Pollution Research Department, Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mobarak Abu Mraheil
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen Site, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- * E-mail: (AM); (MAM)
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Dutt Y, Pandey RP, Dutt M, Gupta A, Vibhuti A, Samuel Raj V, Chang CM, Priyadarshini A. Synthesis and Biological Characterization of Phyto-Fabricated Silver Nanoparticles from Azadirachta indica. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2022.3402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have garnered a lot of interest in sectors like medicine, cosmetics, food, and pharmaceuticals for antibacterial catalytic properties, reduced toxicity, and easy production. Biological synthesis of silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) is considered as green, eco-friendly,
and cost-effective approach; therefore, Azadirachta indica extracts were utilized for a dual role of fabrication and functionalization of AgNPs. Optical and physical characterizations were achieved for confirming the biosynthesized AgNPs. SEM images detected quasi-spherical AgNPs of
44.04 to 66.50 nm. Some of potent phytochemicals like flavonoids and proteins from Azadirachta indica formed a strong coating or capping on the AgNPs without affecting their secondary structure by interacting with Ag+ and NPs for the formation of AgNPs. AgNPs exhibited strong
antibacterial activity (MIC 10 μg/ml) against multidrug-resistant bacteria Enterococcus faecalis; at different concentrations, no IC50 values were recorded for AgNPs as well as Azadirachta indica signifying low cytotoxicity in the exposed concentration range. The DNA
degradation activity of AgNPs through the TUNEL assay revealed no significant increase in the overall FITC mean fluorescence intensity as well as a DNA fragmentation index with 5.45% DNA damage (10 μg/ml AgNPs). Drug uptake of AgNPs was also investigated through a permeability assay
via Caco-2 cell lines at test concentrations where apparent permeability was detected as moderate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Dutt
- Department of Microbiology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana 131029, India
| | - Ramendra Pati Pandey
- Department of Microbiology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana 131029, India
| | - Mamta Dutt
- Mamta Dental Clinic, Opposite Sector 29, Main Badkhal Road, Faridabad, Haryana 121002, India
| | - Archana Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana 131029, India
| | - Arpana Vibhuti
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana 131029, India
| | - V. Samuel Raj
- Department of Microbiology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana 131029, India
| | - Chung-Ming Chang
- Master & Ph.D. Program in Biotechnology Industry, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist. Taoyuan City, 33302, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Anjali Priyadarshini
- Department of Microbiology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana 131029, India
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Singh V, Roy M, Garg N, Kumar A, Arora S, Malik DS. An Insight into the Dermatological Applications of Neem: A Review on Traditional and Modern Aspect. RECENT ADVANCES IN ANTI-INFECTIVE DRUG DISCOVERY 2021; 16:94-121. [PMID: 34961431 DOI: 10.2174/2772434416666210604105251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dermatological disorders are cutaneous infirmities which are frequently occurring and increasing at an alarming rate. These range from mild itching/redness (dermatitis) to fatal skin cancers and has posed a major health concern. Azadirachta indica A. Juss (commonly known as neem), a member of Meliaceae family, is an Indian medicinal plant which has been known for its health promoting effects since ancient times. OBJECTIVE The review highlights the traditional practices, pharmacological aspects, and formulatory approach of neem for the treatment of dermatological disorders. Further, recent patents and novel delivery systems (developed and in pipeline) improving skin delivery and therapeutic profile of neem are discussed. RESULTS Neem is a traditional medicinal plant that has been employed for the prevention and treatment of numerous ailments covering systemic and topical disorders. Scientific studies have validated the traditional claims of neem and attributed these health benefits to the presence of more than 300 structurally diverse and complex compounds. It possesses anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, analgesic, antiviral, antifungal, immunomodulatory and antioxidant activities which substantiate its use as skin therapy. Various novel formulations and associated patents that improved the permeability of neem based products across skin could be found in literature. CONCLUSION Critical appraisal of available literature revealed that neem possesses anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiseptic properties. Thus it has the potential to be developed as a single effective therapy for the management of multimodal skin disorders. Further, pharmaceutical tailoring of neem by implication of novel carriers could enhance its penetrability across skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Meghaditya Roy
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Nidhi Garg
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Sandeep Arora
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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Miyamoto K, Ehara H, Thaman R, Veitayaki J, Yoshida T, Kobayashi H. Traditional knowledge of medicinal plants on Gau Island, Fiji: differences between sixteen villages with unique characteristics of cultural value. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2021; 17:58. [PMID: 34635130 PMCID: PMC8507187 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-021-00481-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional resource management (TRM) systems develop depending on local conditions, such as climate, culture, and environment. Most studies have focused on the TRM system itself, excluding the people who manage the system, and the relationship between the system and the people. The use of resources and people is intimately linked through the practice of TRM systems on Gau Island and this relationship needs to be understood to advance sustainable resource use. METHODS A survey was conducted on the use of medicinal plants on Gau Island, Fiji. Interviews were conducted from September 2013 to January 2015 with knowledgeable members of each community. The types of plants, prescriptions, and health problems were documented, and social and ecological factors affecting the sustainability of TRM of medicinal plants used in each of the 16 villages were statistically analysed by linear regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 58 medicinal plants used on a daily basis to treat 27 health problems were identified on Gau. Two medicinal plants, Botebotekoro (Ageratum conyzoides) and Totodro (Centella asiatica), were used in all districts to treat various health problems. There were contrasts between the villages in the medical lore and prescriptions, and villages often used different traditional treatments than others for the same ailment; therefore, the status and knowledge of medicinal plants have developed distinctly in each village. Geographical and social factors have been suggested as possible reasons for the differences in regional resource utilisation among villages. Statistical analysis of the relationship between the state of TRM and social and ecological factors suggest that community solidarity has a positive impact on the sustainable practice of TRM. This study showed that traditional practices simultaneously contribute to the conservation of the natural environment and the binding of communities. CONCLUSIONS The results highlight the importance of understanding how TRM systems can contribute to the conservation of the natural environment. Cultural activities are essential to raise community solidarity, which has led to the sustainable use of natural resources. This suggests that merely documenting the use of medicinal plants is not enough to ensure that the skills and knowledge are passed down to the next generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Miyamoto
- Department of General Systems Studies, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bldg. 15 room 509, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan.
- School of Geography, Earth Science and Environment, Faculty of Science, Technology and Environment, The University of the South Pacific, Private Bag, Laucala Campus, Suva, Fiji.
| | - Hiroshi Ehara
- International Center for Research and Education in Agriculture, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Randolph Thaman
- School of Geography, Earth Science and Environment, Faculty of Science, Technology and Environment, The University of the South Pacific, Private Bag, Laucala Campus, Suva, Fiji
| | - Joeli Veitayaki
- School of Marine Studies, Faculty of Science, Technology and Environment, The University of the South Pacific, Laucala Bay Road, Suva, Fiji
| | - Takehito Yoshida
- Department of General Systems Studies, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bldg. 15 room 509, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, 457-4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto, 603-8047, Japan
| | - Hikaru Kobayashi
- Department of General Systems Studies, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bldg. 15 room 509, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
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Abiri R, Abdul-Hamid H, Sytar O, Abiri R, Bezerra de Almeida E, Sharma SK, Bulgakov VP, Arroo RRJ, Malik S. A Brief Overview of Potential Treatments for Viral Diseases Using Natural Plant Compounds: The Case of SARS-Cov. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26133868. [PMID: 34202844 PMCID: PMC8270261 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the more general global increase in viral diseases, has led researchers to look to the plant kingdom as a potential source for antiviral compounds. Since ancient times, herbal medicines have been extensively applied in the treatment and prevention of various infectious diseases in different traditional systems. The purpose of this review is to highlight the potential antiviral activity of plant compounds as effective and reliable agents against viral infections, especially by viruses from the coronavirus group. Various antiviral mechanisms shown by crude plant extracts and plant-derived bioactive compounds are discussed. The understanding of the action mechanisms of complex plant extract and isolated plant-derived compounds will help pave the way towards the combat of this life-threatening disease. Further, molecular docking studies, in silico analyses of extracted compounds, and future prospects are included. The in vitro production of antiviral chemical compounds from plants using molecular pharming is also considered. Notably, hairy root cultures represent a promising and sustainable way to obtain a range of biologically active compounds that may be applied in the development of novel antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rambod Abiri
- Department of Forestry Science and Biodiversity, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; or
| | - Hazandy Abdul-Hamid
- Department of Forestry Science and Biodiversity, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; or
- Laboratory of Bioresource Management, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (H.A.-H.); (V.P.B.); or (S.M.)
| | - Oksana Sytar
- Educational and Scientific Center “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Department of Plant Biology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska 60, 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine;
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture Nitra, A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Ramin Abiri
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6718773654, Iran;
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6718773654, Iran
| | - Eduardo Bezerra de Almeida
- Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Laboratory of Botanical Studies, Department of Biology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil;
| | - Surender K. Sharma
- Department of Physics, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, India;
| | - Victor P. Bulgakov
- Department of Biotechnology, Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity (Institute of Biology and Soil Science), Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Stoletija Str., 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
- Correspondence: (H.A.-H.); (V.P.B.); or (S.M.)
| | - Randolph R. J. Arroo
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK;
| | - Sonia Malik
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Biological & Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), University of Orléans, 1 Rue de Chartres-BP 6759, 45067 Orleans, France
- Correspondence: (H.A.-H.); (V.P.B.); or (S.M.)
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Jendras G, Monizi M, Neinhuis C, Lautenschläger T. Plants, food and treatments used by BaKongo tribes in Uíge (northern Angola) to affect the quality and quantity of human breast milk. Int Breastfeed J 2020; 15:88. [PMID: 33097071 PMCID: PMC7583195 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-020-00329-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Angola has one of the highest annual under-five mortality rates in in the world and malnutrition poses a severe problem in the country. This study is the first to focus on the traditional knowledge of plants, foods, and treatments used by the local population in the province of Uíge to affect the quality and quantity of human breast milk, since decades of independence and civil war impeded ethnobotanical studies in this area. Methods This study was conducted in eight municipalities in the province of Uíge, Northern Angola in February and March 2018. In 265 semi-structured interviews, 360 informants in 40 rural villages were asked about plants, food, and treatments used to affect the quality and quantity of human breast milk. Additionally, information on child mortality and the duration of breastfeeding were collected. Whenever possible, plant specimens were collected for later identification. To determine the local importance of the collected plants, food, and treatments, the Relative Frequency of Citations was calculated. Results Most women reported to have no problems with their breast milk production. The duration of breastfeeding meets the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO). Across all use categories, 69 plants from 36 plant families, and 21 other foods and treatments could be identified. Conclusions The study shows an overview of a variety of plants, foods, and treatments used by mothers as galactagogues, to “clean” or to reduce their breast milk and those which they avoided to use during the lactation period. There is great potential for further research into this traditional knowledge. Also, further analysis of some of the plants could be of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gesine Jendras
- Department of Biology, Institute of Botany, Faculty of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mawunu Monizi
- University of Kimpa Vita, Province of Uíge, Rua Henrique Freitas No. 1, Bairro Popular, Uíge, Angola
| | - Christoph Neinhuis
- Department of Biology, Institute of Botany, Faculty of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thea Lautenschläger
- Department of Biology, Institute of Botany, Faculty of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
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Benavides-López S, Oviedo-Ramírez J, López-Taborda JD, Martínez-Mira A, Vásquez-Rivera A, Hoyos-Sánchez R, Orozco-Sánchez F. Bioprocess plant design and economic analysis of an environmentally friendly insect controller agent produced with Azadirachta indica cell culture. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Ashokhan S, Othman R, Abd Rahim MH, Karsani SA, Yaacob JS. Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Coloured Callus Formation and Accumulation of Azadirachtin, an Essential Biopesticide in Azadirachta indica. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E352. [PMID: 32168737 PMCID: PMC7154880 DOI: 10.3390/plants9030352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
For centuries, Azadirachta indica or neem has been utilized as a primary source of medicine due to its antimicrobial, larvacidal, antimalarial and antifungal properties. Recently, its potential as an effective biopesticide has garnered attention, especially towards efficient and continuous production of its bioactive compounds. The present study investigated the effect of the plant growth regulators (PGRs) thiadiazuron (TDZ) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on the induction of colored callus formation and subsequent accumulation of azadirachtin (AZA) in A. indica. An efficient protocol was established for micropropagation and colored callus production of this species, followed by quantification of AZA (a mixture of azadirachtin A and B) and its safety assessment. For induction of the callus, leaf and petiole explants obtained from a young growing neem plant were excised and cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with TDZ (0.2-0.6 mg L-1) and 2,4-D (0.2-0.6 mg L-1), either applied singly or in combination. Callus was successfully induced from both explant types at different rates, where media with 0.6 mg L-1 of TDZ resulted in the highest fresh weight (3.38 ± 0.08 g). In general, media with a single hormone (particularly TDZ) was more effective in producing a high mass of callus compared to combined PGRs. A culture duration of six weeks resulted in the production of green, brown and cream colored callus. The highest callus weight and accumulation of AZA was recorded in green callus (214.53 ± 33.63 mg g-1 dry weight (DW)) induced using TDZ. On the other hand, small amounts of AZA were detected in both brown and cream callus. Further experimentation indicated that the green callus with the highest AZA was found to be non-toxic (LC50 at 4606 µg mL-1) to the zebrafish animal model. These results suggested that the addition of different PGRs during in vitro culture could prominently affect callus and secondary metabolite production and can further be manipulated as a sustainable method for the production of a natural and environmentally friendly pesticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmilla Ashokhan
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (S.A.); (S.A.K.)
| | - Rashidi Othman
- International Institute for Halal Research and Training (INHART), Herbarium Unit, Department of Landscape Architecture, Kulliyyah of Architecture and Environment Design, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 53100, Malaysia;
| | - Muhamad Hafiz Abd Rahim
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Saiful Anuar Karsani
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (S.A.); (S.A.K.)
| | - Jamilah Syafawati Yaacob
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (S.A.); (S.A.K.)
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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12
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New solutions using natural products. INSECT-BORNE DISEASES IN THE 21ST CENTURY 2020. [PMCID: PMC7442118 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-818706-7.00007-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Most antibiotics are derived from natural products, like penicillin, as well as recent insecticides, like pyrethroids. Secondary metabolites are produced by plants as ecological chemical mediators, and can therefore possess intrinsic physiological properties against other organisms. These benefits are far from being fully explored. In particular, attention is here focused on the multipurpose neem tree (Azadirachta indica), reporting several experiments of applications in the field of seed oil and neem cake. The latter product seems to be promising because of the low cost, the possible production on a large scale, and the selection of effects in favor of beneficial organisms. Neem cake is able to act on different sites, as required by integrated pest management. Several utilizations of neem products are reported and their potentiality evidenced. Some considerations in this chapter may appear distant from the title of the book, but only by applying the general natural rules can the reason of the single phenomenon be understood. Other studies on resistance mechanisms of Plasmodium are enabling new possible methods of control always based on natural products activity.
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Salehi B, Ata A, V. Anil Kumar N, Sharopov F, Ramírez-Alarcón K, Ruiz-Ortega A, Abdulmajid Ayatollahi S, Valere Tsouh Fokou P, Kobarfard F, Amiruddin Zakaria Z, Iriti M, Taheri Y, Martorell M, Sureda A, N. Setzer W, Durazzo A, Lucarini M, Santini A, Capasso R, Adrian Ostrander E, -ur-Rahman A, Iqbal Choudhary M, C. Cho W, Sharifi-Rad J. Antidiabetic Potential of Medicinal Plants and Their Active Components. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E551. [PMID: 31575072 PMCID: PMC6843349 DOI: 10.3390/biom9100551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the major health problems in the world, the incidence and associated mortality are increasing. Inadequate regulation of the blood sugar imposes serious consequences for health. Conventional antidiabetic drugs are effective, however, also with unavoidable side effects. On the other hand, medicinal plants may act as an alternative source of antidiabetic agents. Examples of medicinal plants with antidiabetic potential are described, with focuses on preclinical and clinical studies. The beneficial potential of each plant matrix is given by the combined and concerted action of their profile of biologically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran;
| | - Athar Ata
- Department of Chemistry, Richardson College for the Environmental Science Complex, The University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2G3, Canada;
| | - Nanjangud V. Anil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal University, Manipal 576104, India;
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki 139, Dushanbe 734003, Tajikistan;
| | - Karina Ramírez-Alarcón
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepción 4070386, Chile;
| | - Ana Ruiz-Ortega
- Facultad de Educación y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Andrés Bello, Autopista Concepción—Talcahuano, Concepción 7100, Chile;
| | - Seyed Abdulmajid Ayatollahi
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran; (S.A.A.); (F.K.); (Y.T.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran
| | - Patrick Valere Tsouh Fokou
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde P.O. Box 812, Cameroon;
| | - Farzad Kobarfard
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran; (S.A.A.); (F.K.); (Y.T.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran
| | - Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria
- Laboratory of Halal Science Research, Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam Selangor 42300, Malaysia
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Yasaman Taheri
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran; (S.A.A.); (F.K.); (Y.T.)
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepción 4070386, Chile;
- Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Laboratory of Physical Activity Sciences, and CIBEROBN—Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, CB12/03/30038, University of Balearic Islands, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
| | - William N. Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA;
| | - Alessandra Durazzo
- CREA—Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy; (A.D.); (M.L.)
| | - Massimo Lucarini
- CREA—Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy; (A.D.); (M.L.)
| | - Antonello Santini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy;
| | - Elise Adrian Ostrander
- Medical Illustration, Kendall College of Art and Design, Ferris State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA;
| | - Atta -ur-Rahman
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.-u.-R.); (M.I.C.)
| | - Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.-u.-R.); (M.I.C.)
| | - William C. Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft 7861756447, Iran
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Krishnan NM, Katoh H, Palve V, Pareek M, Sato R, Ishikawa S, Panda B. Functional genomics screen with pooled shRNA library and gene expression profiling with extracts of Azadirachta indica identify potential pathways for therapeutic targets in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6464. [PMID: 30842898 PMCID: PMC6398373 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppression by the extracts of Azadirachta indica (neem) works via anti-proliferation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis, demonstrated previously using cancer cell lines and live animal models. However, very little is known about the molecular targets and pathways that neem extracts and their associated compounds act through. Here, we address this using a genome-wide functional pooled shRNA screen on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines treated with crude neem leaf extracts, known for their anti-tumorigenic activity. We analyzed differences in global clonal sizes of the shRNA-infected cells cultured under no treatment and treatment with neem leaf extract conditions, assayed using next-generation sequencing. We found 225 genes affected the cancer cell growth in the shRNA-infected cells treated with neem extract. Pathway enrichment analyses of whole-genome gene expression data from cells temporally treated with neem extract revealed important roles played by the TGF-β pathway and HSF-1-related gene network. Our results indicate that neem extract affects various important molecular signaling pathways in head and neck cancer cells, some of which may be therapeutic targets for this devastating tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraja M. Krishnan
- Ganit Labs, Bio-IT Centre, Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Bangalore, India
- Ganit Labs Foundation, New Delhi, India
| | - Hiroto Katoh
- Department of Genomic Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- JST, PRESTO, Saitama, Japan
| | - Vinayak Palve
- Ganit Labs, Bio-IT Centre, Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Bangalore, India
| | - Manisha Pareek
- Ganit Labs, Bio-IT Centre, Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Bangalore, India
| | - Reiko Sato
- Department of Genomic Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shumpei Ishikawa
- Department of Genomic Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Binay Panda
- Ganit Labs, Bio-IT Centre, Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Bangalore, India
- Ganit Labs Foundation, New Delhi, India
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15
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Prevalence and current therapy in chronic liver disorders. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 27:213-231. [PMID: 30737607 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00562-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herbal medicine plays an important role in health, particularly in remote parts of developing areas with few health facilities. According to WHO estimates, about three-quarters of the world's population currently use herbs or traditional medicines to treat various ailments, including liver diseases. Several studies have found that the use of medicinal plants was effective in the treatment of infectious and non-infectious diseases. Hepatitis and liver cirrhosis associated with many clinical manifestations can be treated with allopathic medicines, but reports of a number of side effects including immunosuppression, bone marrow suppression, and renal complications have motivated researchers to explore more natural herbal medicines with low or no side effects and with high efficacy in treating hepatic diseases. METHODS Databases including PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar were searched for findings on the hepatoprotective effects of plants. RESULTS Various medicinal plants are used for the treatment of liver disorders. The range of alternative therapies is huge, and they are used worldwide, either as part of primary health care or in combination with conventional medicine. Hepatoprotective plants contain a variety of chemical constituents including flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, carotenoids, coumarins, phenols, essential oil, organic acids, monoterpenes, xanthenes, lignans, and lipids. CONCLUSION This review shows that numerous plants are found to contain hepatoprotective compounds. However, further studies are needed to determine their association with existing regimes of antiviral medicines and to develop evidence-based alternative medicine to cure different kinds of liver disease in humans.
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Patra JK, Das G, Lee S, Kang SS, Shin HS. Selected commercial plants: A review of extraction and isolation of bioactive compounds and their pharmacological market value. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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17
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Sano K, Someya T, Hara K, Sagane Y, Watanabe T, Wijesekara R. Effect of traditional plants in Sri Lanka on skin keratinocyte count. Data Brief 2018; 18:727-730. [PMID: 29900227 PMCID: PMC5996253 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This article describes the effects of extracts of several plants collected in Sri Lanka on the number of human skin keratinocytes. This study especially focuses on the plants traditionally used in indigenous systems of medicine in Sri Lanka, such as Ayurveda, as described below (English name, “local name in Sri Lanka,” scientific name). Neem plant,”kohomba,” Azadirachta indica (Sujarwo et al., 2016; Nature’s Beauty Creations Ltd., 2014) [1,2], emblic myrobalan plant, “nelli,” Phyllanthus emblica (Singh et al., 2011; Nature’s Beauty Creations Ltd., 2014) [3,4], malabar nut plant, “adhatoda,” Justicia adhatoda (Claeson et al., 2000; Nature’s Beauty Creations Ltd., 2014) [5,6], holy basil plant, “maduruthala,” Ocimum tenuiflorum ( Cohen et al., 2014; Nature’s Beauty Creations Ltd., 2014) [7,8]. The expression profiles are provided as line graphs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsura Sano
- ALBION Co. Ltd., 1-7-10 Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0061, Japan
- Corresponding author.
| | - Takao Someya
- ALBION Co. Ltd., 1-7-10 Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0061, Japan
| | - Kotaro Hara
- ALBION Co. Ltd., 1-7-10 Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0061, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Sagane
- Department of food and Cosmetic Science, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 196 Yasaka, Abashiri, Hokkaido 099-2493, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Watanabe
- Department of food and Cosmetic Science, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 196 Yasaka, Abashiri, Hokkaido 099-2493, Japan
| | - R.G.S. Wijesekara
- Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Faculty of Livestock, Fisheries and Nutrition, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Makandura, Gonawila 60170, Sri Lanka
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18
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Sano K, Someya T, Hara K, Sagane Y, Watanabe T, Wijesekara RGS. Effect of traditional plants in Sri Lanka on skin fibroblast cell number. Data Brief 2018; 19:611-615. [PMID: 29900360 PMCID: PMC5997883 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This article describes the effects of extracts of several plants collected in Sri Lanka on the cell number of human skin fibroblasts. This study especially focuses on the plants traditionally used in indigenous systems of medicine in Sri Lanka, such as Ayurveda, as described below (English name, "local name in Sri Lanka," scientific name). Bougainvillea plant, "bouganvilla," Bougainvillea grabla (Nature׳s Beauty Creations Ltd., 2014) [1], purple fruited pea eggplant,"welthibbatu," Solanum trilobatum (Nature׳s Beauty Creations Ltd., 2014) [2], country borage plant, "kapparawalliya," Plectranthus amboinicus (Nature׳s Beauty Creations Ltd., 2014) [3], malabar nut plant, "adhatoda," Justicia adhatoda (Nature׳s Beauty Creations Ltd., 2014) [4], long pepper plant,"thippili," Piper longum (Nature׳s Beauty Creations Ltd., 2014) [5], holy basil plant, "maduruthala," Ocimum tenuiflorum (Nature׳s Beauty Creations Ltd., 2014) [6], air plant, "akkapana," Kalanchoe pinnata (Nature׳s Beauty Creations Ltd., 2014) [7], plumed cockscomb plant, "kiri-henda," Celosia argentea (Nature׳s Beauty Creations Ltd., 2014) [8], neem plant,"kohomba," Azadirachta indica (Nature׳s Beauty Creations Ltd., 2014) [9], emblic myrobalan plant, "nelli," Phyllanthus emblica (Nature׳s Beauty Creations Ltd., 2014) [10]. Human skin fibroblast cells were treated with various concentration of plant extracts (0-3.0%), and the cell viability of cells were detected using calcein assay. The cell viabillity profiles are provided as line graphs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsura Sano
- ALBION Co. Ltd., 1-7-10 Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0061, Japan
| | - Takao Someya
- ALBION Co. Ltd., 1-7-10 Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0061, Japan
| | - Kotaro Hara
- ALBION Co. Ltd., 1-7-10 Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0061, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Sagane
- Department of food and Cosmetic Science, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 196 Yasaka, Abashiri, Hokkaido 099-2493, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Watanabe
- Department of food and Cosmetic Science, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 196 Yasaka, Abashiri, Hokkaido 099-2493, Japan
| | - R G S Wijesekara
- Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Faculty of Livestock, Fisheries and Nutrition, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Makandura, Gonawila 60170, Sri Lanka
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20
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Gupta SC, Prasad S, Tyagi AK, Kunnumakkara AB, Aggarwal BB. Neem (Azadirachta indica): An indian traditional panacea with modern molecular basis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 34:14-20. [PMID: 28899496 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For centuries, agents derived from natural sources (mother nature), especially plants have been the primary source of medicine. Neem, also referred to as Azadirachta indica is one such plant that has been so named because it provides freedom from all diseases, and used for thousands of years in Indian and African continents. Different parts of the plant including flowers, leaves, seeds and bark have been used to treat both acute and chronic human diseases; and used as insecticide; antimicrobial, larvicidal, antimalarial, antibacterial, antiviral, and spermicidal. PURPOSE What is there in neem and how it manifests its wide variety of effects is the focus of this review. How neem and its constituents modulate various cellular pathways is discussed. The animal and human studies carried out with neem and its constituents is also discussed. CONCLUSION Over 1000 research articles published on neem has uncovered over 300 structurally diverse constituents, one third of which are limonoids including nimbolide, azadarachtin, and gedunin. These agents manifest their effects by modulating multiple cell signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subash Chandra Gupta
- Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
| | - Sahdeo Prasad
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Amit K Tyagi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
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Benelli G, Buttazzoni L, Canale A, D'Andrea A, Del Serrone P, Delrio G, Foxi C, Mariani S, Savini G, Vadivalagan C, Murugan K, Toniolo C, Nicoletti M, Serafini M. Bluetongue outbreaks: Looking for effective control strategies against Culicoides vectors. Res Vet Sci 2017; 115:263-270. [PMID: 28577491 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Several arthropod-borne diseases are now rising with increasing impact and risks for public health, due to environmental changes and resistance to pesticides currently marketed. In addition to community surveillance programs and a careful management of herds, a next-generation of effective products is urgently needed to control the spread of these diseases, with special reference to arboviral ones. Natural product research can afford alternative solutions. Recently, a re-emerging of bluetongue disease is ongoing in Italy. Bluetongue is a viral disease that affects ruminants and is spread through the bite of bloodsucking insects, especially Culicoides species. In this review, we focused on the importance of vector control programs for prevention or bluetongue outbreaks, outlining the lack of effective tools in the fight against Culicoides vectors. Then, we analyzed a field case study in Sardinia (Italy) concerning the utilization of the neem cake (Azadirachta indica), to control young instar populations of Culicoides biting midges, the vectors of bluetongue virus. Neem cake is a cheap and eco-friendly by-product obtained from the extraction of neem oil. Overall, we propose that the employ of neem extraction by-products as aqueous formulations in muddy sites close to livestock grazing areas may represent an effective tool in the fight against the spread of bluetongue virus in the Mediterranean areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Luca Buttazzoni
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria, CREA, Centro di Ricerca per la Zootecnia e l'Acquacoltura, CREA ZA, Sede di Monterotondo, Via Salaria 31, 00015 Monterotondo Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Canale
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Armando D'Andrea
- C. R. ENEA Casaccia, UTEE, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123, S. M. Galeria, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Del Serrone
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria, CREA, Centro di Ricerca per la Zootecnia e l'Acquacoltura, CREA ZA, Sede di Monterotondo, Via Salaria 31, 00015 Monterotondo Rome, Italy
| | - Gavino Delrio
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Patologia Vegetale ed Entomologia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Enrico de Nicola, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Cipriano Foxi
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Patologia Vegetale ed Entomologia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Enrico de Nicola, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Susanna Mariani
- C. R. ENEA Casaccia, UTEE, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123, S. M. Galeria, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Savini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Via Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Chithravel Vadivalagan
- Division of Entomology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kadarkarai Murugan
- Division of Entomology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India; Thiruvalluvar University (State University), Serkkadu, Vellore 632 115, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chiara Toniolo
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Nicoletti
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Serafini
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Campos EVR, de Oliveira JL, Pascoli M, de Lima R, Fraceto LF. Neem Oil and Crop Protection: From Now to the Future. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1494. [PMID: 27790224 PMCID: PMC5061770 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge of agriculture is to increase food production to meet the needs of the growing world population, without damaging the environment. In current agricultural practices, the control of pests is often accomplished by means of the excessive use of agrochemicals, which can result in environmental pollution and the development of resistant pests. In this context, biopesticides can offer a better alternative to synthetic pesticides, enabling safer control of pest populations. However, limitations of biopesticides, including short shelf life, photosensitivity, and volatilization, make it difficult to use them on a large scale. Here, we review the potential use of neem oil in crop protection, considering the gaps and obstacles associated with the development of sustainable agriculture in the not too distant future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefânia V. R. Campos
- Department of Environmental Engineering, São Paulo State UniversitySorocaba, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, State University of CampinasCampinas, Brazil
| | | | - Mônica Pascoli
- Department of Environmental Engineering, São Paulo State UniversitySorocaba, Brazil
| | - Renata de Lima
- Department of Biotechnology, University of SorocabaSorocaba, Brazil
| | - Leonardo F. Fraceto
- Department of Environmental Engineering, São Paulo State UniversitySorocaba, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, State University of CampinasCampinas, Brazil
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