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Lu H, Mei L, Guo Z, Wu K, Zhang Y, Tang S, Zhu Y, Zhao B. Hematological and Histopathological Effects of Subacute Aconitine Poisoning in Mouse. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:874660. [PMID: 35464374 PMCID: PMC9020262 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.874660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aconitine is the principal toxic ingredient of Aconitum, which can cause systemic poisoning involving multiple organs and systems after animal ingestion. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aconitine on hematological indices and histological changes in mice. One hundred twenty mice were divided into a control group (normal saline), low-dose group (0.14 μmol/L), middle-dose group (0.28 μmol/L) and high-dose group (0.56 μmol/L), which were continuously lavaged for 30 days. The blood of 10 mice were collected randomly and analyzed by group at the 10th, 20th, and 30th days, and some tissues were collected and stained with hematoxylin-eosin to observe histological changes at the 30th day. Compared with the control group, the organ coefficient (%) of liver, spleen, lungs, and brain of the high-dose group were significantly increased (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). WBC and Gran initially decreased and then increased in each poisoning group, with significant differences in the high-dose group (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). RBC, HGB, HCT, and PLT decreased continuously in all groups except the low-dose group at the 20th and 30th days (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Moreover, BUN, ALT and AST increased in each poisoning group, in comparison with the control group, with significant differences except for the low-dose group (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). CRE initially increased and then decreased, the TP and ALB decreased, with significant differences observed in the high-dose and middle-dose groups (p < 0.05). All the mice in the poison-treated groups showed varying degrees of histopathological changes such as degeneration and necrosis of tissues, especially heart and cerebellum. Our data suggest that different doses of aconitine have remarkable effects on hematological and histopathological changes in mice, in a significant time and dose-effect relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Li Mei
- College of Landscape and Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Ziyu Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Kexin Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yunhao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Shiyu Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yiru Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Baoyu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
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Anaeigoudari A, Azdaki N, Khazdair MR. A comprehensive review of cardiotoxic effects of selected plants. TOXIN REV 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2020.1766506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Anaeigoudari
- Department of Physiology, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jirof, Iran
| | - Nahid Azdaki
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Khazdair
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Wu L, Wei Y, Zhou WB, Zhang YS, Chen QH, Liu MX, Zhu ZP, Zhou J, Yang LH, Wang HM, Wei GM, Wang S, Tang ZG. Gene expression alterations of human liver cancer cells following borax exposure. Oncol Rep 2019; 42:115-130. [PMID: 31180554 PMCID: PMC6549072 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Borax is a boron compound that is becoming widely recognized for its biological effects, including lipid peroxidation, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, antioxidant activity and potential therapeutic benefits. However, it remains unknown whether exposure of human liver cancer (HepG2) cells to borax affects the gene expression of these cells. HepG2 cells were treated with 4 mM borax for either 2 or 24 h. Gene expression analysis was performed using Affymetrix GeneChip Human Gene 2.0 ST Arrays, which was followed by gene ontology analysis and pathway analysis. The clustering result was validated using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. A cell proliferation assay was performed using Celigo Image Cytometer Instrumentation. Following this, 2- or 24-h exposure to borax significantly altered the expression level of a number of genes in HepG2 cells, specifically 530 genes (384 upregulated and 146 downregulated) or 1,763 genes (1,044 upregulated and 719 downregulated) compared with the control group, respectively (≥2-fold; P<0.05). Twenty downregulated genes were abundantly expressed in HepG2 cells under normal conditions. Furthermore, the growth of HepG2 cells was inhibited through the downregulation of PRUNE1, NBPF1, PPcaspase-1, UPF2 and MBTPS1 (≥1.5-fold, P<0.05). The dysregulated genes potentially serve important roles in various biological processes, including the inflammation response, stress response, cellular growth, proliferation, apoptosis and tumorigenesis/oncolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun Wu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wei
- Liver Surgery Institute of The Experiment Center of Medicine, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Bo Zhou
- Liver Surgery Institute of The Experiment Center of Medicine, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, P.R. China
| | - You-Shun Zhang
- Liver Surgery Institute of The Experiment Center of Medicine, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, P.R. China
| | - Qin-Hua Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Experiment Center of Medicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Xing Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, YunXi Health for Women And Children, Children's Hospital, Maternal & Child Care and Family Planning Service Centre, Shiyan, Hubei 442600, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Peng Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Zhou
- Liver Surgery Institute of The Experiment Center of Medicine, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hua Yang
- Subject Construction Office, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Mei Wang
- Liver Surgery Institute of The Experiment Center of Medicine, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Min Wei
- Liver Surgery Institute of The Experiment Center of Medicine, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Liver Surgery Institute of The Experiment Center of Medicine, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Gang Tang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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He Y, Wang Z, Wu W, Xie Y, Wei Z, Yi X, Zeng Y, Li Y, Liu C. Identification of key transporters mediating uptake of aconitum alkaloids into the liver and kidneys and the potential mechanism of detoxification by active ingredients of liquorice. RSC Adv 2019; 9:16136-16146. [PMID: 35521419 PMCID: PMC9064382 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00393b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aconite as a commonly used herb has been extensively applied in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, as pain relief, as well as for its cardiotonic actions. Aconitum alkaloids have been shown to be the most potent ingredients in aconite, in terms of efficacy against disease, but they are also highly toxic. Apart from neurological and cardiovascular toxicity exposed, the damage to hepatocytes and nephrocytes with long-term use of aconitum alkaloids should also be carefully considered. This study attempted to investigate the critical role of uptake transporters mediating the transport of aconitum alkaloids into the liver and the kidneys. The resulting data revealed that hOATP1B1, 1B3, hOCT1 and hOAT3 were mainly involved in the uptake of aconitum alkaloids. Additionally, the inhibitory effects of bioactive ingredients of liquorice on uptake transporters were screened and further confirmed by determining the IC50 values. The in vitro study suggested that liquorice might lower the toxicity of aconite by reducing its exposure in the liver and/or kidneys through inhibition of uptake transporters. Eventually, the in vivo study was indicative of detoxification of liquorice by decreasing the exposure of aconitine as representative compound in liver after co-administration, even though the exposure in kidney altered was less significant. In summary, hOATP1B1, 1B3, hOCT1 and hOCT3 were determined as the key uptake transporters mediating the transport process of aconitum alkaloids into the liver and/or kidneys, and liquorice may alleviate the toxicity caused by reduction of exposure through inhibition of those key uptake transporters. Liquorice may alleviate the toxicity of bioactive ingredients of aconite by inhibiting transporters mediating uptake in the liver/kidneys.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei He
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang City
- China
| | - Ze Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- China
| | - Weidang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technologies and Pharmacokinetics
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Ying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Macau University of Science and Technology
- China
| | - Zihong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technologies and Pharmacokinetics
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Xiulin Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technologies and Pharmacokinetics
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Yong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technologies and Pharmacokinetics
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Yazhuo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technologies and Pharmacokinetics
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Changxiao Liu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang City
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technologies and Pharmacokinetics
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research
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