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Uppu JL, Challa VS, Syamprasad NP, Manepalli P, Naidu V, Syed A, Roshan S, Tazneem B, Almalki WH, Alharbi KS, Gupta G. Apoptosis-driven synergistic anti-cancer efficacy of ethyl acetate extract of Memecylon sisparense Gamble leaves and doxorubicin in in-vitro and in-vivo models of triple-negative breast cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:155032. [PMID: 38176306 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
In the spectrum of breast neoplasms, approximately 15 to 20% of all diagnosed cases are triple-negative breast carcinoma. TNBC grows and spreads faster than other invasive breast cancers and has a worse prognosis. The existing therapies and chemotherapeutic drugs have several limitations, so the development of safe and affordable treatment options is currently in demand. Hence, this research focuses on scientifically evaluating the therapeutic anticancer effect of ethyl acetate extract of MSG and its combined efficacy with doxorubicin against TNBC. MSG has shown an IC50 value of 48.40 ± 1.68 µg/ml on the MDA-MB-231 cell line, and the combination of MSG with Dox demonstrated the synergistic effect. Apoptotic changes such as membrane blebbing chromatin condensation were observed in MSG alone and in combination with doxorubicin treatments. Apoptosis was confirmed with Annexin V-FITC/PI staining and increased apoptotic markers such as Cleaved caspase-3 Bax and decreased anti-apoptotic markers Bcl-2 by western blotting. The tumor burden significantly decreased in MSG and combination treatment groups while restoring their body weights. Meanwhile, the Dox-treated group indicated a decreased tumor burden combined with weight loss. The present investigation revealed that MSG and doxorubicin have a synergistic anticancer effect in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Lakshmi Uppu
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to be University), Guntur 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India; Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Veerabhadra Swamy Challa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati 781101, Assam, India; Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - N P Syamprasad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati 781101, Assam, India
| | - Pavanprasanth Manepalli
- Novartis, Salarpuria-Sattva Knowledge City, Inorbit Mall Rd, Durgam Cheruvu Rd, HITEC City, Hyderabad, India
| | - Vgm Naidu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati 781101, Assam, India; Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Asha Syed
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to be University), Guntur 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - S Roshan
- Deccan School of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, India
| | - B Tazneem
- Deccan School of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, India
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Saad Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India; School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India.
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2
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Silva J, Faustino-Rocha AI, Duarte JA, Oliveira PA. Realistic aspects behind the application of the rat model of chemically-induced mammary cancer: Practical guidelines to obtain the best results. Vet World 2023; 16:1222-1230. [PMID: 37577198 PMCID: PMC10421542 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.1222-1230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most important public health problems worldwide. Despite the great contribution of in-vitro studies for biomedical research, animals are essential to study diseases' biopathology and diagnosis, and searching for new preventive and therapeutic strategies. Breast cancer is currently the most common cancer globally, accounting for 12.5% of all new annual cancer cases worldwide. Although the rat model of mammary cancer chemically-induced is widely used to study this disease, there is a lack of standardization in procedures for cancer induction, sample collection, and analysis. Therefore, it is important to provide a practical guide for researchers aiming to work with this model to make the analysis of results more uniform. Thus, in this review, we provide the researchers with a detailed step-by-step guide to implement a rat model of mammary cancer, based on our wide experience in this field, to obtain the best results, maximum throughput of each experiment, and easy comparison among researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Silva
- Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Vila Real, Portugal
- Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-food Production (Inov4Agro), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana I. Faustino-Rocha
- Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Vila Real, Portugal
- Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-food Production (Inov4Agro), Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Zootechnics, School of Sciences and Technology, University of Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Center, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - José Alberto Duarte
- Research Center for Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Toxicology Research Unit (TOXRUN), Advanced Polytechnic and University Cooperative (CESPU), Gandra, Portugal
| | - Paula A. Oliveira
- Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Vila Real, Portugal
- Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-food Production (Inov4Agro), Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
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3
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Alharbi KS, Almalki WH, Makeen HA, Albratty M, Meraya AM, Nagraik R, Sharma A, Kumar D, Chellappan DK, Singh SK, Dua K, Gupta G. Role of Medicinal plant-derived Nutraceuticals as a potential target for the treatment of breast cancer. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14387. [PMID: 36121313 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most challenging cancers to treat, accounting for many cancer-related deaths. Over some years, chemotherapy, hormone treatment, radiation, and surgeries have been used to treat cancer. Unfortunately, these treatment options are unsuccessful due to crucial adverse reactions and multidrug tolerance/resistance. Although it is clear that substances in the nutraceuticals category have a lot of anti-cancer activity, using a supplementary therapy strategy, in this case, could be very beneficial. Nutraceuticals are therapeutic agents, which are nutrients that have drug-like characteristics and can be used to treat diseases. Plant nutraceuticals categorized into polyphenols, terpenoids, vitamins, alkaloids, and flavonoids are part of health food products, that have great potential for combating BC. Nutraceuticals can reduce BC's severity, limit malignant cell growth, and modify cancer-related mechanisms. Nutraceuticals acting by attenuating Hedgehog, Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), Notch, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling are the main pathways in controlling the self-renewal of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). This article reviews some important nutraceuticals and their modes of action, which can be very powerful versus BC. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Nutraceuticals' importance to the control and diagnosis of breast cancer is undeniable and cannot be overlooked. Natural dietary compounds have a wide range of uses and have been used in traditional medicine. In addition, these natural chemicals can enhance the effectiveness of other traditional medicines. They may also be used as a treatment process independently because of their capacity to affect several cancer pathways. This study highlights a variety of natural chemicals, and their mechanisms of action, routes, synergistic effects, and future potentials are all examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Saad Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafiz A Makeen
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Albratty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkarim M Meraya
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rupak Nagraik
- School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Avinash Sharma
- School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.,Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia.,Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, India.,Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.,Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
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Chen X, Wu C, Bai D, Gao J, Hou C, Chen T, Zhang L, Luo H. Health-related quality of life in breast cancer patients in Asia: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Front Oncol 2022; 12:954179. [PMID: 36249065 PMCID: PMC9554636 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.954179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The primary purposes of this meta-analysis and systematic review were to evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of Asian breast cancer (BC) patients to understand their holistic HRQoL level and provide medical and nursing recommendations to improve and preserve their quality of life. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted to find cross-sectional studies published in Chinese and English concerning HRQoL in BC patients from the inceptions of databases to 14 March 2022. The databases consulted were PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, PsyclNFO, CINAHL, and CNKI. Literature screening, data extraction, risk bias assessment, and data synthesis were independently carried out by two researchers. The Endnote X9 and Stata 15.0 software programs were used during the meta-analysis process. Results Out of the 8,563 studies identified, 23 cross-sectional studies involving 3,839 Asian BC patients were included in this meta-analysis. Two tools, namely, European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire C30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) and Quality of Life Questionnaire Breast Cancer module 23 (EORTC QLQ-BR23)—were used to evaluate the HRQoL of BC patients in Asia. The pooled mean of the global health status of Asian BC patients was 58.34 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 53.66–63.02). According to functional subscales of EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-BR23, Asian BC patients suffered from the worst emotional functioning (pooled mean=66.38; 95% CI: 59.66–73.11) and sexual enjoyment (pooled mean=49.31; 95% CI: 31.97–63.36). In addition, fatigue (pooled mean=42.17; 95% CI: 34.46–49.88) and being upset by hair loss (pooled mean=48.38; 95% CI: 36.64–60.12) were the most obvious symptoms that Asian BC patients experienced according to the meta-analysis results of the EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-BR23 symptom subscales. Conclusion Asian BC patients experience a relatively low HRQoL due to the prominent decline in their body functions, as well as the unpleasant experiences caused by their symptoms. It is suggested that timely, appropriate, and targeted intervention should be provided in relation to the physical, psychological, and social aspects of Asian BC patients’ lives to enhance their ability to function, relieve them of adverse symptoms, and improve their overall HRQoL. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42022321165.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jing Gao
- *Correspondence: Jing Gao, ; Chaoming Hou,
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A Review of Medicinal Plants of the Himalayas with Anti-Proliferative Activity for the Treatment of Various Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163898. [PMID: 36010892 PMCID: PMC9406073 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Drugs are used to treat cancer. Most drugs available in the market are chemosynthetic drugs and have side effects on the patient during and after the treatment, in addition to cancer itself. For instance, hair loss, loss of skin color and texture, loss of energy, nausea, infertility, etc. To overcome these side effects, naturally obtained drugs from medicinal plants are preferred. Our review paper aims to encourage the study of anticancer medicinal plants by giving detailed information on thirty-three medicinal plants and parts that constitute the phytochemicals responsible for the treatment of cancer. The development of plant-based drugs could be a game changer in treating cancer as well as boosting the immune system. Abstract Cancer is a serious and significantly progressive disease. Next to cardiovascular disease, cancer has become the most common cause of mortality in the entire world. Several factors, such as environmental factors, habitual activities, genetic factors, etc., are responsible for cancer. Many cancer patients seek alternative and/or complementary treatments because of the high death rate linked with cancer and the adverse side effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Traditional medicine has a long history that begins with the hunt for botanicals to heal various diseases, including cancer. In the traditional medicinal system, several plants used to treat diseases have many bioactive compounds with curative capability, thereby also helping in disease prevention. Plants also significantly contributed to the modern pharmaceutical industry throughout the world. In the present review, we have listed 33 medicinal plants with active and significant anticancer activity, as well as their anticancer compounds. This article will provide a basic set of information for researchers interested in developing a safe and nontoxic active medicinal plant-based treatment for cancer. The research will give a scientific foundation for the traditional usage of these medicinal herbs to treat cancer.
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Kohl C, Aung T, Haerteis S, Ignatov A, Ortmann O, Papathemelis T. The 3D in vivo chorioallantoic membrane model and its role in breast cancer research. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:1033-1043. [PMID: 35122110 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-03936-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to evaluate the role of the chorioallantoic membrane model (CAM) in breast cancer research. METHODS The following is an overview of the use of the CAM in the field of breast cancer research based on a PubMed literature query. RESULTS The CAM is a 3D in vivo model that can be used for the analysis of tumor growth, biology and angiogenesis of primary tumor tissue or tumor cell lines. The CAM model has been used in breast cancer research for drug testing, migration assays and the evaluation of vascularization, amongst others. The CAM model is a valuable method that offers a better imitation of the physiological phenomena compared to 2D or 3D in vitro models. CONCLUSION The CAM model has primarily and successfully been utilized for the assessment of the tumor biology of established breast cancer cell lines. Further, the CAM model is a promising method to analyze patient derived primary tumor material and could be used as a "patient-specific 3D-tumor-therapy-model" for the cost-efficient evaluation of anti-cancer drugs to find the optimal treatment for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Kohl
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, St. Marien Hospital Amberg, 92224, Amberg, Germany.
| | - Thiha Aung
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.,Faculty of Applied Healthcare Science, Deggendorf Institute of Technology, 94469, Deggendorf, Germany
| | - Silke Haerteis
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Atanas Ignatov
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Olaf Ortmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Papathemelis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, St. Marien Hospital Amberg, 92224, Amberg, Germany
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Fakhri S, Tomas M, Capanoglu E, Hussain Y, Abbaszadeh F, Lu B, Hu X, Wu J, Zou L, Smeriglio A, Simal-Gandara J, Cao H, Xiao J, Khan H. Antioxidant and anticancer potentials of edible flowers: where do we stand? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:8589-8645. [PMID: 34096420 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1931022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Edible flowers are attracting special therapeutic attention and their administration is on the rise. Edible flowers play pivotal modulatory roles on oxidative stress and related interconnected apoptotic/inflammatory pathways toward the treatment of cancer. In this review, we highlighted the phytochemical content and therapeutic applications of edible flowers, as well as their modulatory potential on the oxidative stress pathways and apoptotic/inflammatory mediators, resulting in anticancer effects. Edible flowers are promising sources of phytochemicals (e.g., phenolic compounds, carotenoids, terpenoids) with several therapeutic effects. They possess anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, anti-depressant, anxiolytic, anti-obesity, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective effects. Edible flowers potentially modulate oxidative stress by targeting erythroid nuclear transcription factor-2/extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (Nrf2/ERK/MAPK), reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant response elements (AREs). As the interconnected pathways to oxidative stress, inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), interleukins (ILs) as well as apoptotic pathways such as Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), Bcl-2, caspase and cytochrome C are critical targets of edible flowers in combating cancer. In this regard, edible flowers could play promising anticancer effects by targeting oxidative stress and downstream dysregulated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Merve Tomas
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yaseen Hussain
- Control release drug delivery system, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fatemeh Abbaszadeh
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Baiyi Lu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolan Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Jianlin Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Antonella Smeriglio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo -Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Hui Cao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo -Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo -Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain.,Institute of Food Safety & Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
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El-Diasty HH, El-Sayyad H, Refaat S, El-Ghaweet HA. Efficacy of Quercetin-Sensitized Cisplatin against N-Nitroso-NMethylurea Induced Testicular Carcinogenesis in Wistar Rats. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2021; 22:75-84. [PMID: 33507682 PMCID: PMC8184190 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.1.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Testicular cancer is a public health problem. The goal of this study was to demonstrate the efficacy of quercetin treatment on N-nitroso-N-methyl-urea (MNU)-induced testicular carcinogenesis alone or in combination with cisplatin-treatment. Methods: In total 70 adult male albino rats were categorized into six groups, control, quercetin-treatment (10 mg/kg body weight), cisplatin-treatment (2 mg/kg. body weight), cisplatin and quercetin-treatment, MNU-treatment, MNU plus quercetin-treatment and MNU plus quercetin and cisplatin-treatment. Treatment with quercetin and/or cisplatin was performed after 2 months of MNU induced testicular carcinogenesis. The studied groups were euthanized and sacrificed and their testes were examined for gene expression, biochemical, histological and immunohistochemically analysis, inflammation and apoptosis of germ cells. Results: The fertility of the rats subjected to MNU carcinogenesis was impaired following cisplatin and/or quercetin-treatment. Cisplatin-treatment reduced the fertility rate and improved after quercetin-treatment. Quercetin-treatment decreased the sharp increase in RNA expression of BAX and MPO in both cisplatin-toxicated testes and after MNU carcinogenesis induction. In addition, the testicular levels of testosterone and SOD increased in parallel with depletion of MDA, IL-6, AFP and caspase-3 levels in MNU and/or cisplatin-treatment after –quercetin-treatment. The testicular structure of the cisplatin-treated group recovered their dividing germ and sperm differentiation after-quercetin-treatment. While, there was a great appearance of flourishing germ cell of MNU carcinogenesis post quercetin therapy, there was still a lack of sperm differentiation. Conclusion: Quercetin-treatment showed increased cisplatin activity and decreased testicular carcinogenesis due to anti-neoplastic and antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend Hgm El-Diasty
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hassan El-Sayyad
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sherif Refaat
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Heba A El-Ghaweet
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Saleem MZ, Alshwmi M, Zhang H, Din SRU, Nisar MA, Khan M, Alam S, Alam G, Jin L, Ma T. Inhibition of JNK-Mediated Autophagy Promotes Proscillaridin A- Induced Apoptosis via ROS Generation, Intracellular Ca +2 Oscillation and Inhibiting STAT3 Signaling in Breast Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:01055. [PMID: 33013353 PMCID: PMC7500466 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most heterogenous cancer type among women across the world. Despite concerted efforts, breast cancer management is still unsatisfactory. Interplay between apoptosis and autophagy is an imperative factor in categorizing therapeutics for cancer treatment. Proscillaridin A (PSD-A), a well-known cardiac glycoside used for cardiac arrest and arrythmias, has been unveiled in many cancer types but the underlying mechanism for apoptosis and autophagy in breast cancer is not fully understood. In our study, PSD-A restricted cell growth, inhibited STAT3 activation and induced apoptosis and autophagy in breast cancer cells via ROS generation and Ca+2 oscillation. Pretreatment of NAC and BAPTA-AM restored PSD-A induced cellular events in breast cancer cells. PSD-A induced apoptosis via DNA fragmentation, caspase-cascade activation, PARP cleavage, mitochondrial dysfunction, Bax/Bcl-2 proteins modulation and ER chaperone GRP78 inhibition along with decreased phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Inhibition of STAT3 activation was found to be associated with decreased phosphorylation of SRC. Moreover, PSD-A induced events of autophagy i.e. conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II, and Atg3 expression via JNK activation and decreased mTOR and AKT phosphorylation. In this study, pretreatment of SP600125, a JNK inhibitor, reduced autophagy and enhanced STAT3 inhibition and apoptosis. Additionally, SB203580, a commercial p38 inhibitor, stimulated STAT3 activation and improved autophagic events rate in breast cancer cells, displaying the role of the MAPK signaling pathway in interplay between apoptosis and autophagy. Our data suggest that the rate of apoptotic cell death is improved by blocking JNK-induced autophagy in PSD-A treated MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammed Alshwmi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - He Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Syed Riaz Ud Din
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | | | - Muhammad Khan
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Alam
- Department of Anatomy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Gulzar Alam
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lingling Jin
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Tonghui Ma
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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10
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Wei D, Ding X, Zhu H, Zhang Z, Yang H, Zhou R, Dai S, Zhang G. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Butea monosperma (Fabaceae). MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2020; 5:3255-3256. [PMID: 33458130 PMCID: PMC7781871 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2020.1811173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Butea monosperma, an importantmedicinal plantin Fabaceae, is mainly distributed in southern Asia. In this study, we reported the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of B. monosperma assembled with Illumina sequencing data. The whole cp genome of this species is 151,925 bp in length, consisting of two inverted repeat regions (IR, 25,083 bp), one large single-copy region (LSC, 83,541 bp), and one small single-copy region (SSC, 18,218 bp).A total of 128 genes were annotated for the chloroplast genome, including 83 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNAs and 8 rRNAs. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that B. monosperma was closely related to the genus Lespedeza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wei
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaogang Ding
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hangyong Zhu
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongrui Zhang
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renchao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Seping Dai
- Guangzhou Institute of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Geng Zhang
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
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Saleem MZ, Nisar MA, Alshwmi M, Din SRU, Gamallat Y, Khan M, Ma T. Brevilin A Inhibits STAT3 Signaling and Induces ROS-Dependent Apoptosis, Mitochondrial Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:435-450. [PMID: 32021288 PMCID: PMC6970270 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s228702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women across the globe. Despite concerted efforts to improve the prevailing treatment modalities, the overall prognosis of breast cancer remains unsatisfactory. Recently, antiproliferative activity of Brevilin A (Brv-A), a sesquiterpene lactone compound of Centipeda minima, has been unveiled in various cancer types. Here, we have explored anticancer activity of Brv-A in MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells by targeting various pathways. Materials and Methods Cell proliferation rate was determined by CCK-8 and clonogenic assay. Cellular morphological changes were observed under phase contrast microscope while calcein-AM and PI was used for live/dead assay. Cell cycle assay was performed by flow cytometry. Apoptotic cell percentage was determined by Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometric analysis. ROS generation and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured using commercially available kits while protein expression was measured by Western blotting. Results In our study, Brv-A exerted antiproliferative effect through mitotic arrest at G2/M phase of cell cycle and induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Induction of apoptosis by Brv-A was found to be associated with ROS generation by targeting NOX2 and NOX3, mitochondrial dysfunction (MMP dissipation and Bcl-2 family proteins modulation), DNA fragmentation, JNK and p38 MAPK activation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by increasing Bip/GRP78, ATF4 and CHOP protein expressions and inhibition of STAT3 activation via decreased phosphorylation of JAK2 and SRC. Pretreatment of NAC, a ROS scavenger, partially reversed the aforesaid cellular events indicating ROS generation as the primary event to modulate cellular targets for induction of apoptosis. Besides, Brv-A has also been documented for inhibition of cell migration via decrease in COX-2 and MMP-2 expression. Conclusion Taken together, Brv-A induces G2/M phase arrest, ROS-dependent apoptosis, ER stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibits STAT3 activation in MCF-7 cells signifying it to be one of the potential anticancer therapeutics in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zubair Saleem
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Azhar Nisar
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohammed Alshwmi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Syed Riaz Ud Din
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaser Gamallat
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Khan
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab 54590, Pakistan
| | - Tonghui Ma
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, People's Republic of China
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Mohotti S, Rajendran S, Muhammad T, Strömstedt AA, Adhikari A, Burman R, de Silva ED, Göransson U, Hettiarachchi CM, Gunasekera S. Screening for bioactive secondary metabolites in Sri Lankan medicinal plants by microfractionation and targeted isolation of antimicrobial flavonoids from Derris scandens. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 246:112158. [PMID: 31421182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sri Lanka is known to have very diverse flora. Many of these species are used for plant-based remedies, which form the integral part of two Sri Lankan systems of traditional medicine, Ayurveda and Deshiya Chikitsa. Despite their widespread use, only a limited number of studies have probed into the scientific evidence for bioactivity of these medicinal plants. Such studies rarely progress to the identification of bioactive natural products. AIM OF THE STUDY The primary aim was to develop a bioactivity screening method and apply it to 50 Sri Lankan medicinal plants where antimicrobial properties could be relevant for its traditional use. The subsequent aim was the progression into defining and characterising potent isolates within targeted compound classes from such plants, i.e. Derris scandens and its antimicrobial flavonoids. MATERIAL AND METHODS The plant collection comprised 24 species of Fabaceae, 15 Rubiaceae, 7 Solanaceae and 4 Cucurbitaceae plants. These 50 species were collected based on their ethnopharmacological importance and use in Sri Lankan traditional medicine. Crude extracts from each species were initially subjected to radial disc diffusion and microdilution assays. Subsequently, aqueous extracts of all plants were microfractionated in deep well plates using reversed-phase HPLC. Fractions were tested for antibacterial and cytotoxic activities and masses of target bioactive compounds were identified using mass spectrometry. Bioactive compounds with the masses identified through microfractions were isolated from Derris scandens using reversed-phase HPLC. The isolated pure compounds were characterised using LC-MS and NMR. RESULTS Crude aqueous extracts from 19 species showed activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) in the radial disc diffusion assay. Crude aqueous extracts from 34 plant species and organic extracts from 46 plant species were active against S. aureus (≤4 mg mL-1) in the microdilution assay. Microfractionation demonstrated antibacterial activity for 19 plants and cytotoxicity for 6 plants. Furthermore, target bioactive compounds and their molecular ions were identified during microfractionation. Dalpanitin and vicenin-3, two of the flavonoids isolated from Derris scandens gave MICs of 23 μg mL-1 against S. aureus. Dalpanitin also exhibited relevant MICs on Gram-negative bacteria (94 μg mL-1 against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). CONCLUSION The microfractionation protocol developed in this study enabled time-efficient screening of many plants species, using a small quantity of sample material. In addition, microfractionation served as a guiding tool for identifying individual antimicrobial compounds. Through this process, flavonoids were isolated from Derris scandens, out of which dalpanitin and vicenin-3 showed activity in the low micromolar range. The high hit rate for in vitro antibacterial properties from this ethnopharmacologically guided sample collection gives credence to Sri Lankan traditional herbal medicine as a source for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supun Mohotti
- Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Thurston Rd, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - Sanjeevan Rajendran
- Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Thurston Rd, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - Taj Muhammad
- Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Adam A Strömstedt
- Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Achyut Adhikari
- Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Robert Burman
- Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - E D de Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Thurston Rd, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - Ulf Göransson
- Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - C M Hettiarachchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Thurston Rd, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - Sunithi Gunasekera
- Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden.
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