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Solazzo D, Moretti MV, Tchamba JJ, Rafael MFF, Tonini M, Fico G, Basterrecea T, Levi S, Marini L, Bruschi P. Preserving Ethnoveterinary Medicine (EVM) along the Transhumance Routes in Southwestern Angola: Synergies between International Cooperation and Academic Research. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:670. [PMID: 38475516 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
This study delves into the ethnoveterinary medicine (EVM) practiced by pastoralists along the transhumance routes in southwestern Angola. Within the framework of three cooperation projects, we conducted 434 interviews, collecting information on 89 taxa used for treating 16 livestock diseases. The most cited species was Ptaeroxylon obliquum (132 citations), followed by Salvadora persica (59) and Elaeodendron transvaalense (49). Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) was the disease most cited (223 citations; 44 species), followed by wounds (95; 20) and Newcastle (86; 14). We found that 30 species and 48 uses have not been previously reported in the ethnoveterinary literature. Jaccard index (mean value = 0.13) showed a greatly diversified knowledge among the ethnic groups: Kuvale and Nyaneka were the most knowledgeable and should be included in the various strategies for disseminating EVM in the area. Most informants recognized that abundance of some species decreased in the last years as a result of human activities and climatic changes. Finally, we discuss challenges in preserving the EVM in the area. Our findings suggest that preservation of the EVM in southwestern Angola is widely impacted by the access to biomedicine. Future studies should investigate the opportunity to integrate traditional medicine into mainstream development projects, which is crucial for decolonizing the veterinary sector in Angola.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Solazzo
- FAO Angola Country Office, Largo Antonio Jacinto, 4° Andar, Luanda Caixa Postal 10043, Angola
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari, Ambientali e Forestali (DAGRI), Università di Firenze, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Firenze, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Moretti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari, Ambientali e Forestali (DAGRI), Università di Firenze, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Firenze, Italy
| | - José J Tchamba
- Centro de Estudos da Biodiversidade e Educação Ambiental, Instituto Superior de Ciências da Educação da Huíla (ISCED-Huíla), Rua Sarmeto Rodrigues, Lubango Caixa Postal 230, Angola
| | - Marina Filomena Francisco Rafael
- Centro de Estudos da Biodiversidade e Educação Ambiental, Instituto Superior de Ciências da Educação da Huíla (ISCED-Huíla), Rua Sarmeto Rodrigues, Lubango Caixa Postal 230, Angola
| | - Matteo Tonini
- FAO Angola Country Office, Largo Antonio Jacinto, 4° Andar, Luanda Caixa Postal 10043, Angola
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari, Ambientali e Forestali (DAGRI), Università di Firenze, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Firenze, Italy
| | - Gelsomina Fico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Txaran Basterrecea
- FAO Angola Country Office, Largo Antonio Jacinto, 4° Andar, Luanda Caixa Postal 10043, Angola
| | - Silvano Levi
- Instituto Superior Poletécnico Sinodal de Lubango, Rua cdt Hoji ya Henda, Lubango, Angola
| | - Lorenzo Marini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari, Ambientali e Forestali (DAGRI), Università di Firenze, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Firenze, Italy
| | - Piero Bruschi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari, Ambientali e Forestali (DAGRI), Università di Firenze, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Firenze, Italy
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Liu ZZ, Ma JC, Deng P, Ren FC, Li N. Chemical Constituents of Thesium chinense Turcz and Their In Vitro Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Cytotoxic Activities. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062685. [PMID: 36985657 PMCID: PMC10054634 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Three novel compounds (1–3) along with twenty-six known compounds, two known steroids (4–5) and twenty-four known phenylpropanoids (6–29) were isolated from the whole plant of Thesium chinense Turcz. The structures of the three new compounds were elucidated on the basis of ESI-MS, HR-ESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR, IR, UV spectroscopic data. The absolute stereochemistry of compound 1 was determined by the Gauge-Including Atomic Orbitals (GIAO) method. The in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated by DPPH radical-scavenging assay, LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells model and CCK-8 kit, respectively. Compound 11 showed high antioxidant activity with an SC50 value of 16.2 ± 1.6 μM. Compound 21 showed considerable anti-inflammatory activity with an IC50 value of 28.6 ± 3.0 μM. Compounds 4 and 5 displayed potent cytotoxic activity against human NCI-H292, SiHa, A549, and MKN45 cell lines, with the compound 4 having IC50 values of 17.4 ± 2.4, 22.2 ± 1.1, 9.7 ± 0.9, 9.5 ±0.7 μM, and the compound 5 having all IC50 values less than 0.1 μM in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fu-Cai Ren
- Correspondence: (F.-C.R.); (N.L.); Tel.: +86-5516-516-1115 (N.L.)
| | - Ning Li
- Correspondence: (F.-C.R.); (N.L.); Tel.: +86-5516-516-1115 (N.L.)
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Tang X, Yuan Y, Wang L, Chen S, Liu X, Zhang J. Identifying prioritized planting areas for medicinal plant Thesium chinense Turcz. under climate change in China. ECOL INFORM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2021.101459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Li N, Xie L, Yang N, Sun G, Liu H, Bi C, Duan J, Yuan Y, Yu H, Xu Y, Li Y. Rapid classification and identification of chemical constituents in Epimedium koreanum Nakai by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS combined with data post-processing techniques. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2021; 32:575-591. [PMID: 33167069 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epimedium koreanum Nakai (EKN), is a well-known Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of osteoporosis, immunosuppression, tumours and cardiovascular diseases. Comprehensive component identification is essential for elucidation of its pharmacological mechanism and quality control. However, its complex chemical composition has caused certain difficulties in the analysis of this traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Therefore, there is an urgent need to establish a method for rapid classification and identification of EKN chemical components. OBJECTIVE To establish a method for rapid classification and identification of the main components of flavonoids, organic acids and alkaloids in EKN. METHODS The samples were analysed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) and data post-processing techniques. The UPLC system used a BEH C18 column to separate the total extract of EKN. The mobile phase consisted of 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile, and the EKN extract was analysed by gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. In both the positive and negative ion modes, the fragment information was obtained and compared with those of the characteristic fragmentations and neutral losses described in the literature to quickly identify the target compounds. RESULTS Finally, we successfully screened out 51 chemical components, including 40 flavonoids, nine organic acids, and two alkaloids. CONCLUSION The established method not only comprehensively analysed the chemical compositions of EKN, solved the difficult problems of analysis and identification of the complex chemical compositions of the TCM, but also further promoted the development of the application of chemical compositions of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lijuan Xie
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Na Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Guijiang Sun
- Department of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenghao Bi
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyi Duan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Yuan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongxin Yu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanyan Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yubo Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Li GH, Fang KL, Yang K, Cheng XP, Wang XN, Shen T, Lou HX. Thesium chinense Turcz.: An ethnomedical, phytochemical and pharmacological review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 273:113950. [PMID: 33610713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Thesium chinense Turcz. has been used to treat mastitis, pulmonitis, tonsillitis, iaryngopharyngitis and upper respiratory tract infections in the indigenous medicine of China for a long history. Presently, several pharmaceutics prepared by this medical herb have been clinically used for the therapy of infectious diseases. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review aims to comprehensively summarize the current researches on the ethnomedical, phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of T. chinense, and discuss their possible opportunities for the future research. MATERIALS AND METHODS Extensive database searches, including Web of Science, SciFinder, Google Scholar and China Knowledge Resource Integrated, were performed using keywords such as 'Thesium chinense', 'Bai Rui Cao', and their chemical constituents. In addition, local classic herbal literature on ethnopharmacology and relevant textbooks were consulted to provide a comprehensive survey of this ethnomedicine. RESULTS Thirty four chemical constituents, including flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids, have been identified from T. chinense. Of which, flavonoids are the predominant and characteristic constituents. The crude extracts, the purified constituents, and commercial available pharmaceutics have displayed diverse in vitro and in vivo pharmacological functions (e.g. anti-inflammation, antimicrobial activity, analgesic effect, hepaprotection), and are particularly useful as a potential therapeutic agent against inflammation-related diseases. CONCLUSIONS T. chinense is an important ethnomedical medicine and possesses a satisfying effect for treating inflammation, microbial infection, and upper respiratory diseases. It has received plenty of researches on its phytochemical and pharmacological aspects since 1970s. These findings definitely establish the link between chemical composition and pharmacological application, and support the ethnomedical use of T. chinense in the indigenous medicine of China. However, chemical composition of this plant and the molecular mechanisms of purified constituents have not been comprehensively investigated, and thus the trace constituents and the therapeutic targets of bioactive constituents deserve a further exploration. Collectively, the researchers should pay more attention to a better understanding and application of this ethnomedical plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Hui Li
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai-Li Fang
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Yang
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Ping Cheng
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ning Wang
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Shen
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong-Xiang Lou
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
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Lombard N, le Roux MM, van Wyk BE. Electronic identification keys for species with cryptic morphological characters: a feasibility study using some Thesium species. PHYTOKEYS 2021; 172:97-119. [PMID: 33664610 PMCID: PMC7902595 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.172.53484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The popularity of electronic identification keys for species identification has increased with the rapid technological advancements of the 21st century. Although electronic identification keys have several advantages over conventional textual identification keys and work well for charismatic species with large and clear morphological characters, they appear to be less feasible and less effective for species with cryptic morphology (i.e. small, obscure, variable characters and/or complicated structures associated with terminology that is difficult to interpret). This is largely due to the difficulty in presenting and illustrating cryptic morphological characters unambiguously. When taking into account that enigmatic species with cryptic morphology are often taxonomically problematic and therefore likely exacerbate the taxonomic impediment, it is clear that species groups with cryptic morphology (and all the disciplines dependent on their correct identification) could greatly benefit from a user-friendly identification tool, which clearly illustrates cryptic characters. To this end, the aim of this study was to investigate and develop best practices for the unambiguous presentation of cryptic morphological characters using a pilot interactive photographic identification key for the taxonomically difficult plant genus Thesium (Santalaceae), as well as to determine its feasibility. The project consisted of three stages: (1) software platform selection, (2) key construction and (3) key evaluation. The proposed identification key was produced with Xper3 software and can be accessed at http://www.xper3.fr/xper3GeneratedFiles/publish/identification/1330098581747548637/mkey.html. Methodologies relating to amongst others, character selection and delineation, visual and textual descriptions, key construction, character coding and key evaluation are discussed in detail. Seventeen best practices identified during this study are subsequently suggested for future electronic key compilation of species with cryptic morphology. This study indicates that electronic identification keys can be feasible and effective aids for the identification of species with cryptic morphological characters when the suggested best practices are followed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Lombard
- Biosystematics Research and Biodiversity Collections Division, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Private Bag X101, Pretoria, 0001, South AfricaUniversity of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa
- Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South AfricaSouth African National Biodiversity InstitutePretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Margaretha Marianne le Roux
- Biosystematics Research and Biodiversity Collections Division, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Private Bag X101, Pretoria, 0001, South AfricaUniversity of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa
- Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South AfricaSouth African National Biodiversity InstitutePretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Ben-Erik van Wyk
- Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South AfricaSouth African National Biodiversity InstitutePretoriaSouth Africa
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Xu C, Fang MY, Wang K, Liu J, Tai GP, Zhang ZT, Ruan BF. Discovery and Development of Inflammatory Inhibitors from 2-Phenylchromonone (Flavone) Scaffolds. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 20:2578-2598. [PMID: 32972343 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200924115611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are compounds based on a 2-phenylchromonone scaffold. Flavonoids can be divided into flavonoids, flavonols, dihydroflavones, anthocyanins, chalcones and diflavones according to the oxidation degree of the central tricarbonyl chain, the connection position of B-ring (2-or 3-position), and whether the tricarbonyl chain forms a ring or not. There are a variety of biological activities about flavonoids, such as anti-inflammatory activity, anti-oxidation and anti-tumor activity, and the antiinflammatory activity is apparent. This paper reviews the anti-inflammatory activities and mechanisms of flavonoids and their derivatives reported in China and abroad from 2011 till date (2011-2020), in order to find a good drug scaffold for the study of anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Fang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Center of Tobacco Industry Development, Xuanzhou District, Xuancheng, 242000, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Lab of Biofabrication of Anhui Higher Education, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China,Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Guang-Ping Tai
- Key Lab of Biofabrication of Anhui Higher Education, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Zhao-Ting Zhang
- Center of Tobacco Industry Development, Xuanzhou District, Xuancheng, 242000, China
| | - Ban-Feng Ruan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China,Key Lab of Biofabrication of Anhui Higher Education, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China
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