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Wang L, Yu X, Li H, He D, Zeng S, Xiang Z. Cell and rat serum, urine and tissue metabolomics analysis elucidates the key pathway changes associated with chronic nephropathy and reveals the mechanism of action of rhein. Chin Med 2023; 18:158. [PMID: 38041193 PMCID: PMC10691122 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00862-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhein can significantly delay the progression of chronic nephropathy. However, its mechanism of action has not been adequately elaborated, which hinders its extensive clinical application. In this work, the effects of rhein on models of TGF-β-induced NRK-49F cellular fibrosis and rat renal ischemia-reperfusion fibrosis were evaluated using metabolomics and western blotting. METHODS The metabolic profiles of NRK-49F cells and rat urine, serum, and kidney tissues in the control, model, and rhein groups were investigated using UPLC-QTOF-MS. The levels of p-P65, p-IKK, p-AKT, p-P38, p-JNK and AP-1 in NRK-49F cells were measured using western blotting and immunofluorescence methods. Molecular docking and network pharmacology methods were employed to explore the relationship between the potential targets of rhein and key proteins in the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. RESULTS Various potential metabolites, including sphingolipids, ceramides, phosphatidylcholine, and lysophosphatidylcholine,14-hydroxy-E4-neuroprostane E, and 5-HPETE, were present in the cell, tissue, urine, and serum samples; however, few metabolites matches exactly among the four type of biological samples. These differential metabolites can effectively differentiated between the control, model, and rhein groups. Pathway enrichment analysis of differential metabolites unveiled that sphingolipid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism were closely related to nephropathy. Phosphorylation levels of AKT, IKK, P65 and AP-1 in NRK-49F cells was reduced by rhein treatment. Network pharmacology and molecular docking showed that the potential targets of rhein might regulated the expression of MAPK and AKT in the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. CONCLUSION In brief, rhein might delays the progression of chronic nephropathy via the metabolic pathways, NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways, which provides the foundation for its development and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Medical School, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Xixi Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Hongju Li
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Dahong He
- Medical School, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Su Zeng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zheng Xiang
- Medical School, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, China.
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, China.
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Wang W, Wang Y, Zou J, Jia Y, Wang Y, Li J, Wang C, Sun J, Guo D, Wang F, Wu Z, Yang M, Wu L, Zhang X, Shi Y. The Mechanism Action of German Chamomile ( Matricaria recutita L.) in the Treatment of Eczema: Based on Dose-Effect Weight Coefficient Network Pharmacology. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:706836. [PMID: 34658853 PMCID: PMC8515037 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.706836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To determine the active ingredients in German chamomile volatile oil and the mechanism of action in the treatment of eczema, this study used two parameters (ingredient content and oil–water partition coefficient) and established a new network pharmacology method based on the dose–effect weight coefficient. Through the new network pharmacology method, we found that German chamomile volatile oil regulated T-cell lymphatic subpopulations to inhibit the Th17 cell differentiation signaling pathway. This resulted in a reduction of interleukin 17 (IL-17), thereby inhibiting the activation of the nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) and MAPK pathways, decreasing the secretion of the pro-inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6)), and reducing inflammation. In this study, a new dose–effect relationship synergistic network pharmacology method was established to provide a new method for the screening of effective ingredients and pathways of drugs, and to provide a basis for the follow-up studies of German chamomile volatile oil in the treatment of eczema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Yichun Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Junbo Zou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, The Key Laboratory of Basicand New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaaxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Yanzhuo Jia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Changli Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, The Key Laboratory of Basicand New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaaxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, The Key Laboratory of Basicand New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaaxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Dongyan Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, The Key Laboratory of Basicand New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaaxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhenfeng Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Henan Feinari Aromatic Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Zhumadian, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, The Key Laboratory of Basicand New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaaxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yajun Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, The Key Laboratory of Basicand New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaaxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
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Xu H, Wu T, Huang L. Therapeutic and delivery strategies of phytoconstituents for renal fibrosis. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 177:113911. [PMID: 34358538 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most common diseases endangering human health and life. By 2030, 14 per 100,000 people may die from CKD. Renal fibrosis (RF) is an important intermediate link and the final pathological change during CKD progression to the terminal stage. Therefore, identifying safe and effective treatment methods for RF has become an important goal. In 2018, the World Health Organization introduced traditional Chinese medicine into its effective global medical program. Various phytoconstituents that affect the RF process have been extracted from different plants. Here, we review the potential therapeutic capabilities of active phytoconstituents in RF treatment and discuss how phytoconstituents can be structurally modified or combined with other ingredients to enhance efficiency and reduce toxicity. We also summarize phytoconstituent delivery strategies to overcome renal barriers and improve bioavailability and targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tianyi Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, People's Republic of China
| | - Leaf Huang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
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Abstract
Multiscale computational modeling aims to connect the complex networks of effects at different length and/or time scales. For example, these networks often include intracellular molecular signaling, crosstalk, and other interactions between neighboring cell populations, and higher levels of emergent phenomena across different regions of tissues and among collections of tissues or organs interacting with each other in the whole body. Recent applications of multiscale modeling across intracellular, cellular, and/or tissue levels are highlighted here. These models incorporated the roles of biochemical and biomechanical modulation in processes that are implicated in the mechanisms of several diseases including fibrosis, joint and bone diseases, respiratory infectious diseases, and cancers.
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