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Otsuka S, Matsuzaki R, Kakimoto S, Tachibe Y, Kawatani T, Takada S, Tani A, Nakanishi K, Matsuoka T, Kato Y, Inadome M, Nojima N, Sakakima H, Mizuno K, Matsubara Y, Maruyama I. Ninjin'yoeito reduces fatigue-like conditions by alleviating inflammation of the brain and skeletal muscles in aging mice. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303833. [PMID: 38768175 PMCID: PMC11104581 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Fatigue can lead to several health issues and is particularly prevalent among elderly individuals with chronic inflammatory conditions. Ninjin'yoeito, a traditional Japanese herbal medicine, is used to address fatigue and malaise, anorexia, and anemia. This study aimed to examine whether relieving inflammation in the brain and skeletal muscle of senescence-accelerated mice prone 8 (SAMP8) could reduce fatigue-like conditions associated with aging. First, SAMP8 mice were divided into two groups, with and without ninjin'yoeito treatment. The ninjin'yoeito-treated group received a diet containing 3% ninjin'yoeito for a period of 4 months starting at 3 months of age. At 7 months of age, all mice underwent motor function, treadmill fatigue, and behavioral tests. They were then euthanized and the skeletal muscle weight, muscle cross-sectional area, and concentration of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) in both the brain and skeletal muscle were measured. The results showed that the ninjin'yoeito-treated group had higher motor function and spontaneous locomotor activity than the untreated group did and ran for significantly longer in the treadmill fatigue test. Moreover, larger muscle cross-sectional area, lower IL-1β concentrations, and higher IL-1RA concentrations were observed in both the brain and skeletal muscle tissues of the ninjin'yoeito-treated group than in the untreated group. The results suggest that ninjin'yoeito improves age-related inflammatory conditions in both the central and peripheral tissues and reduces fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Otsuka
- Faculty of Welfare and Health Science, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Ryoma Matsuzaki
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shogo Kakimoto
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yuta Tachibe
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takuya Kawatani
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Seiya Takada
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akira Tani
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nakanishi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Teruki Matsuoka
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yuki Kato
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Masaki Inadome
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Nao Nojima
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Harutoshi Sakakima
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Keita Mizuno
- Kampo Research & Development Division, Tsumura Kampo Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yosuke Matsubara
- Kampo Research & Development Division, Tsumura Kampo Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ikuro Maruyama
- Department of Laboratory and Vascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Nagao M, Hatae A, Mine K, Tsutsumi S, Omori H, Hirata M, Arimatsu M, Taniguchi C, Watanabe T, Kubota K, Katsurabayashi S, Iwasaki K. The Effects of Ninjinyoeito on Impaired Spatial Memory and Prefrontal Cortical Synaptic Plasticity through α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-4-isoxazole Propionic Acid Receptor Subunit in a Rat Model with Cerebral Ischemia and β-Amyloid Injection. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:6035589. [PMID: 37808130 PMCID: PMC10560115 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6035589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Ninjinyoeito (NYT), a traditional Japanese medicine, is effective for improving physical strength and treating fatigue and anorexia. Recently, a clinical report revealed that NYT ameliorates cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, although the mechanisms remain unclear. AD is a neurodegenerative disorder accompanied by a progressive deficit in memory. Current therapeutic agents are largely ineffective in treating cognitive dysfunction in AD patients. In this study, we investigated the effects of NYT on spatial memory impairment in a rat model of dementia. Rats were prepared with transient cerebral ischemia and intraventricular injection of β-amyloid1-42 for 7 days (CI + Aβ). NYT was orally administered for 7 days after cerebral ischemia. We evaluated spatial memory using the Morris water maze and investigated the expression of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor subunits, the phosphorylation level of glutamate receptor A (GluA)1 at serine sites S831 and S845, and the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of CI + Aβ rats. In the CI + Aβ rats, NYT treatment shortened the extended time to reach the platform. However, NYT did not restore the decrease in the hippocampal GluA1, GluA2, or CaMKII expression but increased prefrontal cortical phosphorylation levels of S845-GluA1 and CaMKII. Therefore, NYT may alleviate spatial memory impairment by promoting glutamatergic transmission involved in the phosphorylation of S845-GluA1 and CaMKII in the prefrontal cortex of CI + Aβ rats. Our results suggest that NYT is a valuable treatment for AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Nagao
- Institute for Aging and Brain Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Akinobu Hatae
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kazuma Mine
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Soichiro Tsutsumi
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Hiroya Omori
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Marika Hirata
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Maaya Arimatsu
- Institute for Aging and Brain Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Chise Taniguchi
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Takuya Watanabe
- Institute for Aging and Brain Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kaori Kubota
- Institute for Aging and Brain Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Shutaro Katsurabayashi
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Katsunori Iwasaki
- Institute for Aging and Brain Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
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Abbate MTA, Ramöller IK, Sabri AH, Paredes AJ, Hutton AJ, McKenna PE, Peng K, Hollett JA, McCarthy HO, Donnelly RF. Formulation of antiretroviral nanocrystals and development into a microneedle delivery system for potential treatment of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). Int J Pharm 2023; 640:123005. [PMID: 37142137 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
HIV/AIDS remains a major global public health issue. While antiretroviral therapy is effective at reducing the viral load in the blood, up to 50% of those with HIV suffer from some degree of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder, due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier restricting drugs from crossing into the central nervous system and treating the viral reservoir there. One way to circumvent this is the nose-to-brain pathway. This pathway can also be accessed via a facial intradermal injection. Certain parameters can increase delivery via this route, including using nanoparticles with a positive zeta potential and an effective diameter of 200 nm or less. Microneedle arrays offer a minimally invasive, pain-free alternative to traditional hypodermic injections. This study shows the formulation of nanocrystals of both rilpivirine (RPV) and cabotegravir, followed by incorporation into separate microneedle delivery systems for application to either side of the face. Following an in vivo study in rats, delivery to the brain was seen for both drugs. For RPV, a Cmax was seen at 21 days of 619.17 ± 73.32 ng/g, above that of recognised plasma IC90 levels, and potentially therapeutically relevant levels were maintained for 28 days. For CAB, a Cmax was seen at 28 days of 478.31 ± 320.86 ng/g, and while below recognised 4IC90 levels, does indicate that therapeutically relevant levels could be achieved by manipulating final microaaray patch size in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco T A Abbate
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL
| | - Inken K Ramöller
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL
| | - Akmal H Sabri
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL
| | | | - Aaron J Hutton
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL
| | - Peter E McKenna
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL
| | - Ke Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL
| | - Jessica A Hollett
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL
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Jiang XL, Zhu Y, Ma GF, Liu P, Chen LL. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of major components of Renshen-Yangrong Pill by UPLC-LTQ/Orbitrap/MS and UPLC-MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 227:115276. [PMID: 36738686 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Renshen-Yangrong Pill (RYP) is a classical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation for the treatment of asthenic symptoms, while its multiple herbal compositions bring a wide variety of unclear chemical components which seriously hinder the effective quality control and clinical practice. The present study aimed to investigate the overall chemical profile of RYP by UPLC-LTQ/Orbitrap/MS, and further obtain the quantitative distributions of representing components in the preparations. A total of 132 components in RYP including flavonoids, triterpenoid saponins, phenylpropanoids, and monoterpenoid glycosides were identified or tentatively characterized by authentic compounds or accurate masses and fragmentation, in which 52 characteristic components were selected for further quantitation by UPLC-MS/MS. The assay was validated in terms of linearity, precision, repeatability, recovery and successfully applied for the quality control of 40 batches of RYP. Hesperidin and paeoniflorin were revealed as the most abundant constituents in RYP, and the samples of different origins and dosage forms were clearly classified based on hierarchical cluster analysis. This study provided a deep insight into the chemical profiling of RYP, as well as a new approach for determining the marker compounds, which laid a valuable foundation for further investigation of potential effective components and comprehensive quality control of RYP and related preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Lian Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Compound Prescription, Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Compound Prescription, Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Gai-Fan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Compound Prescription, Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Ping Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Lin-Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Compound Prescription, Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China.
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Tani A, Sakakima H, Otsuka S, Mizuno K, Nakanishi K, Norimatsu K, Takada S, Matsuoka T, Matsuzaki R, Nakakogawa T, Maruyama I. Stimulation of functional recovery via neurorepair mechanisms by the traditional Japanese Kampo medicine, Ninjin'yoeito, and physical exercise in a rat ischemic stroke model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 302:115927. [PMID: 36402237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ninjin'yoeito (NYT), a traditional Japanese Kampo medicine consisting of 12 herbs, has been reported to improve cognitive dysfunction, depression, and neurological recovery in patients with neurovascular diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and stroke. Several studies have reported that the NYT components exert neurotrophic, neurogenic, and neuroprotective effects. In addition, exercise enhances neuroprotection and functional recovery after stroke. Rehabilitative exercises and pharmacological agents induce neurophysiological plasticity, leading to functional recovery in stroke patients. These reports indicate that NYT treatment and exercise may promote functional recovery following stroke through their beneficial effects. However, no study has determined the effects of NYT and the possible mechanisms of neurorepair and functional recovery after stroke. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the combined effects of NYT and exercise on neuroprotection and functional recovery and the underlying mechanisms in a rat ischemic stroke model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Stroke was induced with 60-min middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by reperfusion in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. After stroke, the rats were assigned to four groups: ischemia reperfusion (IR), NYT, exercise (Ex), and NYT + Ex. NYT-treated rats were fed a diet containing 1% NYT one day after stroke. Exercise was performed using a motorized treadmill for 5 days a week (8-15 m/min, 20 min/day), starting 3 days after stroke. The NYT treatment and exercise were continued for 4 weeks after the stroke. Infarct volume, neurological deficits, sensorimotor functions, expression of nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) and B (TrkB), caspase-3 activity, and the p-Akt/Akt ratio were examined by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. RESULTS Compared to the IR group, all treated groups indicated reduced infarct volumes. The NYT + Ex group showed significantly improved waking time and beam walking score compared with the IR group. The expression of NGF/TrkA/p-TrkA and BDNF/TrkB was significantly increased in the NYT + Ex group compared with those in the IR group, whereas the number of caspase-3 positive cells around the lesion was significantly lower in the NYT + Ex group than in the IR group. In addition, the ratio of p-Akt/Akt was significantly higher in the NYT + Ex group than in the IR group. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that NYT in combination with exercise provides neuroprotective effects and improves sensorimotor function by stimulating NGF/TrkA and BDNF/TrkB, and by activating the Akt pathway in ischemic stroke of rats. NYT may be an effective adjunctive agent in post-stroke rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Tani
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan
| | - Harutoshi Sakakima
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan.
| | - Shotaro Otsuka
- Department of Systems Biology in Thromboregulation, Kagoshima University, Japan
| | - Keita Mizuno
- Tsumura Kampo Research Laboratories, Kampo Research & Development Division, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nakanishi
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan
| | - Kosuke Norimatsu
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan
| | - Seiya Takada
- Department of Systems Biology in Thromboregulation, Kagoshima University, Japan
| | - Teruki Matsuoka
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan
| | - Ryoma Matsuzaki
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nakakogawa
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan
| | - Ikuro Maruyama
- Department of Systems Biology in Thromboregulation, Kagoshima University, Japan
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Analysis of the Effects of Ninjin’yoeito on Physical Frailty in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911183. [PMID: 36232484 PMCID: PMC9569708 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical frailty is an aging-related clinical syndrome involving decreases in body weight, mobility, activity, and walking speed that occurs in individuals with sarcopenia and is accelerated by increased oxidative stress. Ninjin’yoeito, a traditional Japanese Kampo medicine, is used for treating conditions, including anemia and physical weakness. Here, we investigated whether ninjin’yoeito could improve physical frailty by controlling oxidative stress in the senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) model. First, SAMP8 mice were divided into two groups, ninjin’yoeito treated and untreated, with the former consuming a diet containing 3% ninjin’yoeito from 3 months of age. At 7 months of age, body weight, motor function, locomotor activity, and mean walking speed were measured. Subsequently, mice were euthanized and measured for muscle weight, 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine levels in muscle and brain, and cleaved caspase-3 expression in brain. The results showed reductions in weight, locomotor function, locomotion, and average walking speed in the untreated group, which were significantly improved by ninjin’yoeito. Furthermore, 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine levels were reduced in muscle and brain from ninjin’yoeito-treated mice, compared with the levels in untreated mice; cleaved caspase-3 expression was similarly reduced in brain from the treated mice, indicating reduced apoptosis. Our findings suggest that ninjin’yoeito inhibits sarcopenia-based physical frailty through its antioxidant effects.
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Miyazaki S, Omiya Y, Mizoguchi K. Ninjin'yoeito, a traditional Japanese medicine, increases dopamine content in PC12 cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:2274-2280. [PMID: 34529031 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbab162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Dementia is exacerbated by loss of appetite and amotivation, and recent studies have indicated that ninjin'yoeito improves anorexia and amotivation. Previous studies suggest that ninjin'yoeito inhibits dopamine-metabolizing enzymes and enhances dopamine signaling. However, whether ninjin'yoeito increases dopamine content in living cells remains unclear. Here, PC12 cells were used to examine whether ninjin'yoeito affects the dopamine metabolic pathway. Dopamine content significantly increased 3 h after treatment ninjin'yoeito extract. Concomitantly, the levels of 3-methoxytyramine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid were significantly reduced. The effects of components of ninjin'yoeito on the dopamine metabolic pathway were also assessed. Treatment with onjisaponin B, nobiletin, and schisandrin, and the ingredients of Polygalae Radix, Citri Unshiu Pericarpium, and Schisandrae Fructus increased dopamine content and decreased its metabolite content in the culture media. Our findings suggest that ninjin'yoeito improves anorexia and amotivation by inhibiting metabolic enzyme and increasing the dopamine content in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Miyazaki
- Tsumura Kampo Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuji Omiya
- Tsumura Kampo Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, Japan
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