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Formagio ASN, Vilegas W, Kassuya CAL, De Almeida VP, Manfron J, Konkiewitz EC, Ziff EB, Faoro JAM, Dos Santos JM, Cecatto AJ, Sarragiotto MH, Mussury RM. A Comprehensive Description of the Anatomy and Histochemistry of Psychotria capillacea (Müll. Arg.) Standl. and an Investigation into Its Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Mice and Role in Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:564. [PMID: 38794135 PMCID: PMC11123824 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Species of the genus Psychotria are used in popular medicine for pain, inflammatory symptoms, and mental disorders. Psychotria capillacea (Müll. Arg.) Standl. (Rubiaceae) is commonly known as coffee and some scientific studies have demonstrated its therapeutic potential. The goal of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity of a methanolic extract obtained from leaves of P. capillacea (MEPC), as well as the micromorphology and histochemistry of the leaves and stems of this plant. In addition, the MEPC was analyzed by UHPLC-MS/MS and the alkaloidal fraction (AF) obtained from the MEPC was tested in a mouse model of inflammation. MEPC contained three indole alkaloids, one sesquiterpene (megastigmane-type) and two terpene lactones. MEPC (3, 30 and 100 mg/kg) and AF (3 and 30 mg/kg) were evaluated in inflammation models and significantly inhibited edema at 2 h and 4 h, mechanical hyperalgesia after 4 h and the response to cold 3 h and 4 h after carrageenan injection. Scopolamine significantly increased the escape latency, and reduced the swimming time and number of crossings in the target quadrant and distance, while MEPC (3, 30 and 100 mg/kg), due to its neuroprotective actions, reversed these effects. AChE activity was significantly decreased in the cerebral cortex (52 ± 3%) and hippocampus (60 ± 3%), after MEPC administration. Moreover, micromorphological and histochemical information was presented, to aid in species identification and quality control of P. capillacea. The results of this study demonstrated that P. capillacea is an anti-inflammatory and antihyperalgesic agent that can treat acute disease and enhance memory functions in mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anelise Samara Nazari Formagio
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79825-070, MS, Brazil; (A.S.N.F.); (C.A.L.K.); (E.C.K.); (J.A.M.F.); (J.M.D.S.)
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University—UNESP, São Vicente 11330-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Cândida Aparecida Leite Kassuya
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79825-070, MS, Brazil; (A.S.N.F.); (C.A.L.K.); (E.C.K.); (J.A.M.F.); (J.M.D.S.)
| | - Valter Paes De Almeida
- Posgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84010-330, PR, Brazil; (V.P.D.A.); (J.M.)
| | - Jane Manfron
- Posgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84010-330, PR, Brazil; (V.P.D.A.); (J.M.)
| | - Elisabete Castelon Konkiewitz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79825-070, MS, Brazil; (A.S.N.F.); (C.A.L.K.); (E.C.K.); (J.A.M.F.); (J.M.D.S.)
| | - Edward Benjamin Ziff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York City, NY 10012, USA;
| | - Janaine Alberto Marangoni Faoro
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79825-070, MS, Brazil; (A.S.N.F.); (C.A.L.K.); (E.C.K.); (J.A.M.F.); (J.M.D.S.)
| | - Jessica Maurino Dos Santos
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79825-070, MS, Brazil; (A.S.N.F.); (C.A.L.K.); (E.C.K.); (J.A.M.F.); (J.M.D.S.)
| | - Ana Julia Cecatto
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (A.J.C.); (M.H.S.)
| | - Maria Helena Sarragiotto
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (A.J.C.); (M.H.S.)
| | - Rosilda Mara Mussury
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados—UFGD, Dourados 79825-070, MS, Brazil
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de Almeida VP, Monchak IT, da Costa Batista JV, Grazi M, Ramm H, Raman V, Baumgartner S, Holandino C, Manfron J. Investigations on the morpho-anatomy and histochemistry of the European mistletoe: Viscum album L. subsp. album. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4604. [PMID: 36944660 PMCID: PMC10030978 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29799-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Viscum album L. (Santalaceae) is an important medicinal plant traditionally used to treat several diseases, including cancer therapy. This paper provides detailed morpho-anatomical characteristics of the leaves, stems and berries of Viscum album subsp. album growing as hemi-parasite on the branches of Malus domestica (Suckow) Borkh. (Rosaceae) to aid species identification and botanical characterization. Additionally, for the first time, microchemical analyses of all tissues and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy analyses of the calcium oxalate crystals are provided for the first time. The plant features leathery presents green leaves with parallel veins, small yellow unisexual flowers in 3-flowered cymes, and the dioecious inflorescences usually consist of three flowers, with female flowers generating white fleshy berries, in which a seed is embedded in the mucilaginous mesocarp, normally containing two embryos. Anatomically, the analyzed leaves were isobilateral and amphistomatic, and showed straight anticlinal epidermal cell walls, thick cuticles with epicuticular wax crystalloids, and paracytic stomata. The midrib is flat on both sides and has a single vascular bundle, whereas the strongly shortened petiole is concave-convex in shape and contains five bundles. The stems show a primary structure with a ring of nine vascular bundles enclosing the pith. Calcium oxalate druses and cubic and quadrangular prisms were observed in different plant parts. The results of this study provide new microscopy information that can help in the authentication of mistletoe raw materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valter Paes de Almeida
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Irailson Thierry Monchak
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - João Vitor da Costa Batista
- Society for Cancer Research, Hiscia Institute, 4144, Arlesheim, Switzerland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Basel, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mirio Grazi
- Society for Cancer Research, Hiscia Institute, 4144, Arlesheim, Switzerland
| | - Hartmut Ramm
- Society for Cancer Research, Hiscia Institute, 4144, Arlesheim, Switzerland
| | - Vijayasankar Raman
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Stephan Baumgartner
- Society for Cancer Research, Hiscia Institute, 4144, Arlesheim, Switzerland.
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, 58313, Herdecke, Germany.
- Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Carla Holandino
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Jane Manfron
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.
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