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Mehallah H, Djebli N, Ngoc Khanh P, Xuan Ha N, Thi Ha V, Thu Huong T, Dinh Tung D, Manh Cuong N. In silico and in vivo study of anti-inflammatory activity of Morinda longissima (Rubiaceae) extract and phytochemicals for treatment of inflammation-mediated diseases. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118051. [PMID: 38493905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditionally, the plant Morinda longissima Y.Z.Ruan (Rubiaceae) is used by ethnic people in Vietnam for the treatment of liver diseases and hepatitis. AIM OF THE STUDY The study was designed to assess the efficacy of the 95% ethanolic extract of Morinda longissima roots (MLE) in experimental immune inflammation. The phytochemical variation of root extract and the chemical structures of natural compounds were also investigated using HPLC-DAD-HR-MS analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three different doses (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg b.w.) of MLE were chosen to determine anti-inflammatory activity. The mice were given orally extracts and monitored their behavior and mortality for 14 days to evaluate acute toxicity. The volume of the paw and the histopathological evaluation were carried out. The polyphenolic phytoconstituents of MLE extract were identified using LC/MS analysis. The anti-inflammatory efficacy in silico and molecular docking simulations of these natural products were evaluated based on their cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and 2 inhibitory effects. RESULTS This investigation showed the 95% ethanolic extract of Morinda longissima roots was found non-toxic up to 2000 mg/kg dose level in an acute study, neither showed mortality nor treatment-related signs of toxicity in mice. Eight anthraquinones and anthraquinone glycosides of Morinda longissima roots were identified by HPLC-DAD-HR-MS analysis. In the in vivo experiments, MLE was found to possess powerful anti-inflammatory activities in comparison with diclofenac sodium. The highest anti-inflammatory activity of MLE in mice was observed at a dose of 300 mg/kg body weight. The in silico analysis showed that seven out the eight anthraquinones and anthraquinone glycosides possess a selectivity index RCOX-2/COX-1 lower than 1, indicating that these compounds are selective against the COX-2 enzyme in the following the order: rubiadin-3-methyl ether < morindone morindone-6-methyl ether < morindone-5-methyl ether < damnacanthol < rubiadin < damnacanthol-3-O-β-primeveroside. The natural compounds with the best selectivity against the COX-2 enzyme are quercetin (9), rubiadin-3-methyl ether (7), and morindone (4), with RCOX2/COX1 ratios of 0.02, 0.03, and 0.19, respectively. When combined with the COX-2 protein in the MD research, quercetin and rubiadin-3-methyl ether greatly stabilized the backbone proteins and ligands. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the anthraquinones and ethanolic extract of Morinda longissima roots may help fight COX-2 inflammation. To develop novel treatments for inflammatory disorders linked to this one, these chemicals should be investigated more in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafidha Mehallah
- Pharmacognosy & Api Phytotherapy Laboratory, Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University Mostaganem (27000), Algeria
| | - Noureddine Djebli
- Pharmacognosy & Api Phytotherapy Laboratory, Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University Mostaganem (27000), Algeria.
| | - Pham Ngoc Khanh
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Graduated University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Xuan Ha
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Graduated University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Vu Thi Ha
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Tran Thu Huong
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Do Dinh Tung
- Saint Paul General Hospital, 12A Chu Van An Street, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Manh Cuong
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Graduated University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
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Wang YL, Ni Q, Zeng WH, Feng H, Cai WF, Chen QC, Lin SX, Jiang CP, Yi YK, Shen Q, Shen CY. Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Liriodendron chinense Leaves. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:27002-27016. [PMID: 38947843 PMCID: PMC11209703 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Liriodendron chinense has been widely utilized in traditional Chinese medicine to treat dispelling wind and dampness and used for alleviating cough and diminishing inflammation. However, the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory effects of L. chinense leaves and the key active constituents remained elusive. So, we conducted some experiments to support the application of L. chinense in traditional Chinese medicine by investigating the antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory abilities, and to identify the potential key constituents responsible for the activities. The ethanol extract of L. chinense leaves (LCLE) was isolated and extracted, and assays measuring ferric reducing antioxidant power, total reducing power, DPPH•, ABTS•+, and •OH were used to assess its in vitro antioxidant capacities. Antimicrobial activities of LCLE were investigated by minimal inhibitory levels, minimum antibacterial concentrations, disc diffusion test, and scanning electron microscope examination. Further, in vivo experiments including macro indicators examination, histopathological examination, and biochemical parameters measurement were conducted to investigate the effects of LCLE on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice. LCLE was further isolated and purified through column chromatography, and LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells were constructed to assess the diminished inflammation potential of the identified chemical composites. ABTS•+ and •OH radicals were extensively neutralized by the LCLE treatment. LCLE administration also presented broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties, especially against Staphylococcus epidermidis by disrupting cell walls. LPS-induced ALI in mice was significantly ameliorated by LCLE intervention, as evidenced by the histological changes in the lung and liver tissues as well as the reductions of nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, and IL-6 production. Furthermore, three novel compounds including fragransin B2, liriodendritol, and rhamnocitrin were isolated, purified, and identified from LCLE. These three compounds exhibited differential regulation on NO accumulation and IL-10, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, COX-2, and iNOS mRNA expression in RAW264.7 cells induced by LPS. Fragransin B2 was more effective in inhibiting TNF-α mRNA expression, while rhamnocitrin was more powerful in inhibiting IL-6 mRNA expression. LCLE had significant antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory effects. Fragransin B2, liriodendritol, and rhamnocitrin were probably key active constituents of LCLE, which might act synergistically to treat inflammatory-related disorders. This study provided a valuable view of the healing potential of L. chinense leaves in curing inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Wang
- School
of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern
Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong
Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and
Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qian Ni
- School
of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern
Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong
Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and
Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wen-Hao Zeng
- School
of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern
Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong
Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and
Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hui Feng
- School
of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern
Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong
Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and
Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wei-Feng Cai
- School
of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern
Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong
Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and
Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qi-Cong Chen
- School
of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern
Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong
Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and
Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Song-Xia Lin
- School
of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern
Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong
Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and
Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Cui-Ping Jiang
- School
of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern
Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong
Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and
Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yan-Kui Yi
- School
of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern
Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong
Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and
Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qun Shen
- School
of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern
Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong
Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and
Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chun-Yan Shen
- School
of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern
Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong
Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and
Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Zhai Y, Fang J, Zheng W, Hao M, Chen J, Liu X, Zhang M, Qi L, Zhou D, Liu W, Jin Y, Wang A. A potential virulence factor: Brucella flagellin FliK does not affect the main biological properties but inhibits the inflammatory response in RAW264.7 cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112119. [PMID: 38648715 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The bacterial flagellum is an elongated filament that protrudes from the cell and is responsible for bacterial motility. It can also be a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) that regulates the host immune response and is involved in bacterial pathogenicity. In contrast to motile bacteria, the Brucella flagellum does not serve a motile purpose. Instead, it plays a role in regulating Brucella virulence and the host's immune response, similar to other non-motile bacteria. The flagellin protein, FliK, plays a key role in assembly of the flagellum and also as a potential virulence factor involved in the regulation of bacterial virulence and pathogenicity. In this study, we generated a Brucella suis S2 flik gene deletion strain and its complemented strain and found that deletion of the flik gene has no significant effect on the main biological properties of Brucella, but significantly enhanced the inflammatory response induced by Brucella infection of RAW264.7 macrophages. Further experiments demonstrated that the FliK protein was able to inhibit LPS-induced cellular inflammatory responses by down-regulating the expression of MyD88 and NF-κB, and by decreasing p65 phosphorylation in the NF-κB pathway; it also inhibited the expression of NLRP3 and caspase-1 in the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. In conclusion, our study suggests that Brucella FliK may act as a virulence factor involved in the regulation of Brucella pathogenicity and modulation of the host immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyi Zhai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jiaoyang Fang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Weifang Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Mingyue Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jialu Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - XiaoFang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - MengYu Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Lin Qi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Dong Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yaping Jin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Aihua Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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Weng J, Liu D, Shi B, Chen M, Weng S, Guo R, Zhou X. Sivelestat sodium alleviated lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by improving endoplasmic reticulum stress. Gene 2023; 884:147702. [PMID: 37567453 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common inflammatory respiratory disorder characterized by a high incidence and mortality rate. This study aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic effects of the neutrophil elastase inhibitor Sivelestat sodium (SIV) in improving endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) while treating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. An ALI model was established using LPS induction. The effects of SIV on ALI were observed both in vivo and in vitro, along with its impact on ERS. Lung tissue damage was assessed using Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. Lung edema was measured by the lung wet/dry weight ratio. The expression levels of protein kinase R-like ER kinase (PERK), Phospho-protein kinase R-like ER kinase (p-PERK), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (EIF2a), phosphorylated α subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (P-EIF2a), and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) were analyzed by Western blotting in vivo and in vitro. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in Lung tissue samples supernatants were measured by ELISA. Oxidative stress markers were measured by ELISA. Apoptosis was measured using the TUNEL assay. Apoptosis-associated proteins B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)、Bcl2-associated × (Bax)、caspase-3 were evaluated through Western blotting in vivo and in vitro. The expression levels of ERS-related proteins, including p-PERK, ATF4, P-EIF2a, and CHOP, were significantly increased in the LPS-induced ALI model. However, SIV markedly reduced the expression levels of these proteins, suppressing the LPS-induced ERS response. Further investigations revealed that SIV exerted a protective effect on ALI by alleviating lung tissue damage and apoptosis, improving lung function, and reducing inflammation and oxidative stress levels. However, when SIV was co-administered with Tunicamycin (TUN), TUN blocked the beneficial effects of SIV on ERS and reversed the protective effects of SIV on ALI. In conclusion, SIV alleviated lung tissue damage and apoptosis, improving lung function, and reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in LPS-induced ALI by improving ERS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junting Weng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian 351100, China.
| | - Danjuan Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian 351100, China.
| | - Bingbing Shi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian 351100, China.
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian 351100, China.
| | - Shuoyun Weng
- Wenzhou Medical University School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, China.
| | - Rongjie Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian 351100, China.
| | - Xiaoping Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian 351100, China.
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Smith E, Lewis A, Narine SS, Emery RJN. Unlocking Potentially Therapeutic Phytochemicals in Capadulla ( Doliocarpus dentatus) from Guyana Using Untargeted Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics. Metabolites 2023; 13:1050. [PMID: 37887375 PMCID: PMC10608729 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13101050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Doliocarpus dentatus is thought to have a wide variety of therapeutic phytochemicals that allegedly improve libido and cure impotence. Although a few biomarkers have been identified with potential antinociceptive and cytotoxic properties, an untargeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomics approach has never been undertaken to identify therapeutic biofingerprints for conditions, such as erectile dysfunction, in men. This study executes a preliminary phytochemical screening of the woody vine of two ecotypes of D. dentatus with renowned differences in therapeutic potential for erectile dysfunction. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics was used to screen for flavonoids, terpenoids, and other chemical classes found to contrast between red and white ecotypes. Among the metabolite chemodiversity found in the ecotype screens, using a combination of GNPS, MS-DIAL, and SIRIUS, approximately 847 compounds were annotated at levels 2 to 4, with the majority of compounds falling under lipid and lipid-like molecules, benzenoids and phenylpropanoids, and polyketides, indicative of the contributions of the flavonoid, shikimic acid, and terpenoid biosynthesis pathways. Despite the extensive annotation, we report on 138 tentative compound identifications of potentially therapeutic compounds, with 55 selected compounds at a level-2 annotation, and 22 statistically significant therapeutic biomarkers, the majority of which were polyphenols. Epicatechin methyl gallate, catechin gallate, and proanthocyanidin A2 had the greatest significant differences and were also relatively abundant among the red and white ecotypes. These putatively identified compounds reportedly act as antioxidants, neutralizing damaging free radicals, and lowering cell oxidative stress, thus aiding in potentially preventing cellular damage and promoting overall well-being, especially for treating erectile dysfunction (ED).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewart Smith
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, Peterborough, ON K9J 0G2, Canada
| | - Ainsely Lewis
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, ON K9J 0G2, Canada
| | - Suresh S. Narine
- Trent Centre for Biomaterials Research, Trent University, Peterborough, ON K9J 0G2, Canada
- Departments of Physics & Astronomy and Chemistry, Trent University, Peterborough, ON K9J 0G2, Canada
| | - R. J. Neil Emery
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, ON K9J 0G2, Canada
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Zheng M, Ma M, Yang Y, Liu Z, Liu S, Hong T, Ni H, Jiang Z. Structural characterization and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides extracted from Porphyra haitanensis by different methods. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:125003. [PMID: 37217048 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study was to investigate the structure and antioxidant activity of Porphyra haitanensis polysaccharides (PHPs) extracted by different methods, including water extraction (PHP), ultra-high pressure (UHP-PHP), ultrasonic (US-PHP) and microwave assisted water extraction (M-PHP). Compared with water extraction, the total sugar, sulfate and uronic acid contents of PHPs was enhanced by ultra-high pressure, ultrasonic and microwave assisted treatments, especially those of UHP-PHP were increased by 24.35 %, 12.84 % and 27.51 %, respectively (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, these assisted treatments affected the monosaccharide ratio of polysaccharides and significantly reduced the protein content, molecular weight as well as particle size of PHPs (p < 0.05), and resulted in a loose microstructure with more porosity and fragments. PHP, UHP-PHP, US-PHP, and M-PHP all possessed in vitro antioxidant capacity. Among them, UHP-PHP had the strongest oxygen radical absorbance capacity, DPPH and ·OH radicals scavenging capacity, which increased by 48.46 %, 116.24 %, and 14.98 % respectively. Moreover, PHPs particularly UHP-PHP effectively increased the cell viability and reduced ROS levels of H2O2 induced RAW264.7 cells (p < 0.05), indicating their good effects against cell oxidative damage. The findings suggested that PHPs with ultra-high pressure assisted treatments has the better potential to develop natural antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjing Zheng
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Menghan Ma
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Yuanfan Yang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Zhiyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, China
| | - Shuji Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, China
| | - Tao Hong
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Hui Ni
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China; Xiamen Ocean Vocational College, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Zedong Jiang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China.
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Han HJ, Hyun CG. Acenocoumarol Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Activity via the Suppression of NF-κB and MAPK Pathways in RAW 264.7 Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052075. [PMID: 36903321 PMCID: PMC10004255 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The repurposing of already-approved drugs has emerged as an alternative strategy to rapidly identify effective, safe, and conveniently available new therapeutic indications against human diseases. The current study aimed to assess the repurposing of the anticoagulant drug acenocoumarol for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases (e.g., atopic dermatitis and psoriasis) and investigate the potential underlying mechanisms. For this purpose, we used murine macrophage RAW 264.7 as a model in experiments aimed at investigating the anti-inflammatory effects of acenocoumarol in inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines. We demonstrate that acenocoumarol significantly decreases nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin (PG)E2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β levels in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Acenocoumarol also inhibits the expression of NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, potentially explaining the acenocoumarol-induced decrease in NO and PGE2 production. In addition, acenocoumarol inhibits the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), c-Jun N terminal kinase (JNK), p38 MAPK, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), in addition to decreasing the subsequent nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). This indicates that acenocoumarol attenuates the macrophage secretion of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and NO, inducing iNOS and COX-2 expression via the inhibition of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that acenocoumarol can effectively attenuate the activation of macrophages, suggesting that acenocoumarol is a potential candidate for drug repurposing as an anti-inflammatory agent.
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Zhang L, Fang X, Sun J, Su E, Cao F, Zhao L. Study on Synergistic Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Typical Functional Components of Extracts of Ginkgo Biloba Leaves. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031377. [PMID: 36771046 PMCID: PMC9920934 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
There are some differences in the anti-inflammatory activities of four typical components in EGB (extracts of ginkgo biloba leaves), and there is also a synergistic relationship. The order of inhibiting the NO-release ability of single functional components is OA > GF > OPC > G. Ginkgolide (G), proanthocyanidins (OPC), and organic acids (OA) all have synergistic effects on ginkgo flavonoids (GF). GF:OA (1:9) is the lowest interaction index among all complexes, showing the strongest synergy. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of the compound affects the expression of p-JNK, p-P38, and p-ERK1/2 proteins by inhibiting the expression of iNOS and COX2 genes on NFKB and MAPK pathways. This also provides a research basis for the development of anti-inflammatory deep-processing products of EGB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224005, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xianying Fang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jihu Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224005, China
- Correspondence: (J.S.); or (L.Z.)
| | - Erzheng Su
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Fuliang Cao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Linguo Zhao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Correspondence: (J.S.); or (L.Z.)
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Li M, Zhang Y, Han T, Guan L, Fan D, Wu Q, Liu J, Xu Y, Fan Y. Verniciflavanol A, a profisetinidin-type-4-arylflavan-3-ol from toxicodendron vernicifluum protects SH-SY5Y cells against H2O2-Induced oxidative stress. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 205:113487. [PMID: 36341855 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Eleven undescribed derivatives of flavan, including flavan-3,4-diols vernicinosides A-H and profisetinidin-type-4-arylflavan-3-ols verniciflavanols A-C, together with eight known compounds were purified from the heartwood of Toxicodendron vernicifluum. The chemical structures of the undescribed compounds were characterized by spectroscopic data interpretation, including NMR (1H and 13C NMR HSQC and HMBC) and HRESIMS analysis. CD data analysis was conducted to assign the absolute configurations of the undescribed compounds and the active compound verniciflavanol A was also confirmed by ECD experiment. The absolute configuration of the sugar moiety was identified by GC analysis of chiral derivatives in the hydrolysate. MTT assay was applied to test these compounds against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Results found that verniciflavanol A demonstrated the best potential in protecting SH-SY5Y cells against H2O2-induced oxidative stress by inhibiting cell apoptosis and attenuate reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and mitochondrial dysfunction. And the underlying mechanism was confirmed to be associated with Nrf2-antioxidant response element signaling and IL-6 cell survival pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meichen Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yunqiang Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Tingting Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Lu Guan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Dongxue Fan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Qinke Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jianyu Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
| | - Yongnan Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
| | - Yanhua Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China.
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