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Zhai P, Chen Q, Wang X, Ouyang X, Yang M, Dong Y, Li J, Li Y, Luo S, Liu Y, Cheng X, Zhu R, Hu D. The combination of Tanshinone IIA and Astragaloside IV attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting the STING pathway. Chin Med 2024; 19:34. [PMID: 38419127 PMCID: PMC10900662 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00908-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astragaloside IV (As-IV) and Tanshinone IIA (Ta-IIA) are the main ingredients of traditional Chinese medicinal Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, respectively, both of which have been employed in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Nevertheless, the efficacy of the combination (Co) of Ta-IIA and As-IV for cardiovascular diseases remain unclear and warrant further investigation. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and the underlying molecular mechanism of Co in treating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). METHODS In order to assess the efficacy of Co, an in vivo MIRI mouse model was created by temporarily blocking the coronary arteries for 30 min and then releasing the blockage. Parameters such as blood myocardial enzymes, infarct size, and ventricular function were measured. Additionally, in vitro experiments were conducted using HL1 cells in both hypoxia-reoxygenation model and oxidative stress models. The apoptosis rate, expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins, oxidative stress indexes, and release of inflammatory factors were detected. Furthermore, molecular docking was applied to examine the binding properties of Ta-IIA and As-IV to STING, and western blotting was performed to analyze protein expression of the STING pathway. Additionally, the protective effect of Ta-IIA, As-IV and Co via inhibiting STING was further confirmed in models of knockdown STING by siRNA and adding STING agonist. RESULTS Both in vitro and in vivo data demonstrated that, compared to Ta-IIA or As-IV alone, the Co exhibited superior efficacy in reducing the area of myocardial infarction, lowering myocardial enzyme levels, and promoting the recovery of myocardial contractility. Furthermore, the Co showed more potent anti-apoptosis, antioxidant, and anti-inflammation effects. Additionally, the Co enhanced the inhibitory effects of Ta-IIA and As-IV on STING phosphorylation and the activation of STING signaling pathway. However, the administration of a STING agonist attenuated the protective effects of the Co, Ta-IIA, and As-IV by compromising their anti-apoptotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects in MIRI. CONCLUSION Compared to the individual administration of Ta-IIA or As-IV, the combined treatment demonstrated more potent ability in inhibiting apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and the STING signaling pathway in the context of MIRI, indicating a more powerful protective effect against MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zhai
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Qianyun Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xunxun Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiaohu Ouyang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Mengling Yang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yalan Dong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Junyi Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Shanshan Luo
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Cardiovascular Disease Center, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Desheng Hu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Yao T, Xie L, Xie Y, Jiang J, Deng Q, Wang J, Liu L, Wu D. Protective effects of Zishen Huoxue recipe against neuronal injury in the neurovascular unit of rats with vascular dementia by interfering with inflammatory cascade-induced pyroptosis. Neuropeptides 2023; 102:102358. [PMID: 37562086 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2023.102358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chinese herbal formulas show considerable therapeutic benefits in dementia. This study specifically explored the protective action of Zishen Huoxue recipe on the neurovascular unit (NVU) of rats with vascular dementia (VD). METHODS VD rat models were established by permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion and treated with Zishen Huoxue recipe. In vitro glucose‑oxygen deprivation (OGD)-injured NVU models were established and treated with miR-124-3p agomir or rat medicated serum. The neurological damage, histopathological changes, and neuronal injury in the rat hippocampus were assessed using Morris water maze test and histological stainings. Expression of miR-124-3p was determined using RT-qPCR. The blood-brain barrier/NVU injury, cell pyroptosis, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and release of inflammatory factors were analyzed mainly by immunofluorescence analysis, TUNEL staining, Western blot, and ELISA. QS-21 (an NLRP3 activator) was used to verify the role of miR-124-3p/NLRP3. RESULTS Zishen Huoxue recipe ameliorated the learning/memory deficits, neuronal injury, NVU insults, cell pyroptosis, activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, and extensive secretion of lactate dehydrogenase/IL-1β/IL-18 in VD rats. miR-124-3p was downregulated in VD rats but upregulated after treatment of this recipe. miR-124-3p overexpression ameliorated NVU insults, reduced cell pyroptosis, lowered NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and suppressed inflammatory responses in OGD-injured NVU models. NLRP3 inflammasome activation partly counteracted the amelioration effect of miR-124-3p on pyroptosis. Zishen Huoxue recipe could upregulate miR-124-3p to suppress pyroptosis and protect NVU function. CONCLUSION Zishen Huoxue recipe can upregulate miR-124-3p expression to repress the inflammatory cascade-evoked pyroptosis, thereby protecting against neuronal injury in the NVU of VD rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yao
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 58 Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, China
| | - Le Xie
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 58 Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yao Xie
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 58 Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jinlin Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 58 Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qian Deng
- Teaching and Residency Program Office, Hunan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 58 Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 58 Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 58 Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, China
| | - Dahua Wu
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 58 Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, China.
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Zhao T, Zeng J, Zhang R, Pu L, Wang H, Pan L, Jiang Y, Dai X, Sha Y, Han L. Proteomic advance of ischemic stroke: preclinical, clinical, and intervention. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:2521-2546. [PMID: 37440002 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01262-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is the most common type of stroke and is characterized by high rates of mortality and long-term injury. The prediction and early diagnosis of IS are therefore crucial for optimal clinical intervention. Proteomics has provided important techniques for exploring protein markers associated with IS, but there has been no systematic evaluation and review of research that has used these techniques. Here, we review the differential proteins that have been found in cell- and animal- based studies and clinical trials of IS in the past 10 years; determine the key pathological proteins that have been identified in clinical trials; summarize the target proteins affected by interventions aimed at treating IS, with a focus on traditional Chinese medicine treatments. Overall, we clarify findings and problems that have been identified in recent proteomics research on IS and provide suggestions for improvements in this area. We also suggest areas that could be explored for determining the pathogenesis and developing interventions for IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, 41 Northwest Street, Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
- Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Epidemiology and Translational Medicine, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Jingjing Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, 41 Northwest Street, Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
- Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Epidemiology and Translational Medicine, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Ruijie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, 41 Northwest Street, Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
- Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Epidemiology and Translational Medicine, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Liyuan Pu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, 41 Northwest Street, Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
- Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Epidemiology and Translational Medicine, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Han Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, 41 Northwest Street, Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
- Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Epidemiology and Translational Medicine, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Lifang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, 41 Northwest Street, Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
- Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Epidemiology and Translational Medicine, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Yannan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, 41 Northwest Street, Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
- Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Epidemiology and Translational Medicine, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Xiaoyu Dai
- Department of Anus & Intestine Surgery, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Yuyi Sha
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China.
| | - Liyuan Han
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, 41 Northwest Street, Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China.
- Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Epidemiology and Translational Medicine, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315000, China.
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Gao HM, Chen H, Cui GY, Hu JX. Damage mechanism and therapy progress of the blood-brain barrier after ischemic stroke. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:196. [PMID: 37915036 PMCID: PMC10619327 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01126-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) serves as a defensive line protecting the central nervous system, while also maintaining micro-environment homeostasis and inhibiting harmful materials from the peripheral blood. However, the BBB's unique physiological functions and properties make drug delivery challenging for patients with central nervous system diseases. In this article, we briefly describe the cell structure basis and mechanism of action of the BBB, as well as related functional proteins involved. Additionally, we discuss the various mechanisms of BBB damage following the onset of an ischemic stroke, and lastly, we mention several therapeutic strategies accounting for impairment mechanisms. We hope to provide innovative ideas for drug delivery research via the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Gao
- Institute of Stroke Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gui-Yun Cui
- Institute of Stroke Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin-Xia Hu
- Institute of Stroke Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China.
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China.
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Han SJ, Xu QQ, Pan H, Liu WJ, Dai QQ, Lin HY, Cui HR, You LZ, Wu YZ, Wei XH, Shang HC. Network pharmacology and molecular docking prediction, combined with experimental validation to explore the potential mechanism of Qishen Yiqi pills against HF-related cognitive dysfunction. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 314:116570. [PMID: 37187360 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Qishen Yiqi Pills (QSYQ) is a classical herbal formula for treating heart failure (HF) and has potential efficacy in improving cognitive function. The latter is one of the most common complications in patients with HF. However, there is no study on treating HF-related cognitive dysfunction by QSYQ. AIMS OF THE STUDY The study aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of QSYQ on treating post-HF cognitive dysfunction based on network pharmacology and experimental validation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Network pharmacology analysis and molecular docking was used to explore endogenous targets of QSYQ in treating cognitive impairment. Ligation of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery and sleep deprivation (SD) were used to induce HF-related cognitive dysfunction in rats. The efficacy and potential signal targets of QSYQ were then verified by functional evaluation, pathological staining, and molecular biology experiments. RESULTS 384 common targets were identified by intersecting QSYQ 'compound targets' and 'cognitive dysfunction' disease targets. KEGG analysis showed these targets were enriched to the cAMP signal, and four marks responsible for regulating the cAMP signal were successfully docked with core compounds of QSYQ. Animal experiments demonstrated that QSYQ significantly ameliorated cardiac function and cognitive function in rats suffering from HF and SD, inhibited the reduction of cAMP and BDNF content, reversed the upregulation of PDE4 and downregulation of CREB, suppressed the loss of neurons, and restored the expression of synaptic protein PSD95 in the hippocampus. CONCLUSION This study clarified that QSYQ could improve HF-related cognitive dysfunction by modulating cAMP-CREB-BDNF signals. It provides a rich basis for the potential mechanism of QSYQ in the treatment of heart failure with cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Jie Han
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Qian-Qian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Hai'e Pan
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Wen-Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Qian-Qian Dai
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Hong-Yuan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - He-Rong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Liang-Zhen You
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yu-Zhuo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Hong-Cai Shang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Chen J, Wei X, Zhang Q, Wu Y, Xia G, Xia H, Wang L, Shang H, Lin S. The traditional Chinese medicines treat chronic heart failure and their main bioactive constituents and mechanisms. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:1919-1955. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
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Proteomic investigations of acute ischemic stroke in animal models: a narrative review. JOURNAL OF BIO-X RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1097/jbr.0000000000000134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Panax notoginseng saponins alleviates inflammation induced by microglial activation and protects against ischemic brain injury via inhibiting HIF-1α/PKM2/STAT3 signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113479. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Liu X, Xiao G, Wang Y, Shang T, Li Z, Wang H, Pu L, He S, Shao R, Orgah JO, Zhu Y. Qishen Yiqi Dropping Pill facilitates post-stroke recovery of motion and memory loss by modulating ICAM-1-mediated neuroinflammation. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113325. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Zhang Y, Yu L, Yang J, Ding Z, He Y, Wan H. Spectrum effect correlation of yangyin tongnao granules on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:947978. [PMID: 36016577 PMCID: PMC9395610 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.947978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Yangyin Tongnao Granules (YYTNG), as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound preparation, have a good curative effect on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the active components of YYTNG in the plasma and the inflammatory response in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury rats. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was conducted to determine the fingerprints at different time points of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats after the administration of YYTNG at different times points. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect the levels of interleukin-18 (IL-18) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the plasma of MCAO rats at different time points. The spectral-effect relationship between the YYTNG fingerprints and inflammatory indexes in vivo was established by combining three different mathematical models, grey correlation, multiple linear regression, and partial least-square method. The results revealed that each chromatographic peak in the HPLC of the plasma exhibited a certain correlation with the inflammatory index, in the following order: P2 >P6 >P5 >P1 >P3 >P4. Therefore, this study successfully established the spectrum-effect correlation of YYTNG on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury rats. The results provide a certain guiding ideology for the analyses of the relationship between fingerprints and the pharmacodynamics of TCM prescriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiehong Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhishan Ding
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yu He, ; Haitong Wan,
| | - Haitong Wan
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yu He, ; Haitong Wan,
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