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Bhuia MS, Chowdhury R, Sonia FA, Biswas S, Ferdous J, El-Nashar HAS, El-Shazly M, Islam MT. Efficacy of Rotundic Acid and Its Derivatives as Promising Natural Anticancer Triterpenoids: A Literature-Based Study. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301492. [PMID: 38150556 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Rotundic acid (RA) is a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpene with a multitude of pharmacological activities. The primary emphasis of this study is on summarizing the anticancer properties with the underlying mechanisms of RA and its derivatives, as well as the pharmacokinetic features. Data was collected (up to date as of November 10, 2023) from various reliable and authentic literatures by searching in different academic search engines, including PubMed, Springer Link, Scopus, Wiley Online, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The findings imply that RA and its synthetic derivatives possess promising anti-cancer properties against breast, colorectal, liver, and cervical cancers in various preclinical pharmacological test systems. The results also indicate that RA and its derivatives demonstrated anticancer effects via a number of cellular mechanisms, including apoptotic cell death, inhibition of oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory effect, cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, anti-proliferative effect, anti-angiogenic effect, and inhibition of cancer cell migration and invasion. It has been proposed that RA and its derived compounds have the capability to serve as a hopeful chemotherapeutic agent, so further extensive clinical research is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shimul Bhuia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Raihan Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Fatema Akter Sonia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Shrabonti Biswas
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Jannatul Ferdous
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Heba A S El-Nashar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, 11566, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, 11566, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
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Li Y, Tian YY, Wang J, Lin R, Zhang Y, Zhang MM, Dong TW, Li M, Xie YH, Zheng XH, Yang Q, Yuan JN, Si-Wang W. Main active components of Ilex rotunda Thunb. protect against ulcerative colitis by restoring the intestinal mucosal barrier and modulating the cytokine-cytokine interaction pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116961. [PMID: 37541404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ilex rotunda Thunb. (IR) is widely used for gastrointestinal diseases by Yao physician, and it has a better clinical curative effect on ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the main active components and mechanism of IR in the treatment of UC remain to be clarified. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the main active components and mechanism of IR in the treatment of UC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten biological active components of IR were quantified by UPLC-MS/MS. In vitro, Caco2 cell monolayers were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide, and were treated with 10 biologically active components individually to investigate the protective role of the components of IR in mucosal barrier damage. In vivo, a mouse model of UC was induced by dextran sulfate sodium and administered with the candidate active components of IR. On day 8, the serum and colon tissue were collected for histological and molecular analysis to investigate the main active components and mechanism of IR. RESULTS Ziyuglycoside I, ziyuglycoside II, syringin, and pedunculoside in IR reduced phenol red transmission of the monolayer, and inhibited the protein expression of oncostatin M and oncostatin M receptor in Caco2 cells. Notably, ziyuglycoside II and syringin decreased the transepithelial electrical resistance of the monolayer, and promoted the protein expression of Occludin, Claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in Caco2 cells. In vivo, ziyuglycoside II and syringin improved the symptoms of UC mice, including body weight, disease activity score, shortening of colon length, damaging of acidic mucus layer, histopathological changes, and protein expression of Occludin, Claudin-1, and ZO-1. Pedunculoside reduced the neutrophils and inflammatory response in the UC mice. Moreover, when the combination of ziyuglycoside II, syringin and pedunculoside was used for the treatment of UC, syringin and pedunculoside enhanced the therapeutic effect of ziyuglycoside II. Finally, RNA sequencing and RT-qPCR analysis revealed that ziyuglycoside II + syringin + pedunculoside and IR coregulated up to 42.7% of genes, and mainly reduced the overexpression of C-X-C motif ligand 1(CXCL1), oncostatin M receptor (OSMR), interleukin 1 receptor type I (IL1R1), tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9 (TNFRSF9), C-X-C motif chemokine 13 (CXCL13), oncostatin M (OSM), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in the cytokine-cytokine interaction pathways. CONCLUSIONS The combination of ziyuglycoside II, syringin, and pedunculoside protects against UC by modulating the intestinal mucosal barrier and inhibiting the cytokine-cytokine interaction pathways, and the effect is relatively equivalent to that of the water extract of Ilex rotunda Thunb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Li
- The College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.
| | - Yun-Yuan Tian
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juan Wang
- The College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Rui Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng-Meng Zhang
- The College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Tai-Wei Dong
- The College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Min Li
- The College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Yan-Hua Xie
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Zheng
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jia-Ni Yuan
- Air Force Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan, China
| | - Wang Si-Wang
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
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Zeng W, Yang B, Wang Y, Sun M, Yang W, Cui H, Jin J, Zhao Z. Rotundic acid alleviates hyperlipidemia in rats by regulating lipid metabolism and gut microbiota. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5958-5973. [PMID: 37776121 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Disturbances in lipid metabolism and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota play an important role in the progression of hyperlipidemia. Previous study indicated that Ilicis Rotundae Cortex possesses anti-hyperlipidemic activity, and rotundic acid (RA) identified as a key active compound to be incorporated into the body. The study aimed to evaluate the anti-hyperlipidemia effects of RA and explored its impact on gut microbiota and lipid metabolism, as well as its possible mechanisms for improving hyperlipidemia. The study methodology included a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of RA on steatosis markers of hyperlipidemia, lipid metabolism, and gut microbiota by assessing biochemical parameters and histopathology, lipidomics, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) assays. The results showed that RA effectively reduced body weight and the steatosis markers in serum and liver. Moreover, the lipidomic analysis revealed significant changes in plasmatic and hepatic lipid levels, and these were restored by RA. According to the results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, RA supplementation raised the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria while decreasing the relative abundance of Firmicutes. RA significantly boosted the relative abundance of SCFAs by increasing SCFAs-producing bacteria such as Bacteroides, Alloprevotella, Desulfovibrio, etc. In summary, RA could regulate triglyceride metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism, restore gut microbiota structure, and increase the relative abundance of SCFAs-producing bacteria to exert its hypolipidemic effects. These findings suggest RA to be a promising therapeutic agent for hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bao Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengjia Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiqun Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Cui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongxiang Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Liu X, Sun Y, Tang Y, Wang M, Xiao B. Woody and herbaceous wastes for the remediation of polluted waters of wetlands. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139132. [PMID: 37285982 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Plants wastes play an important role during water remediation in wetlands. Plant waste is made into biochar, which is usually used directly or as a water biofilter to remove pollutants. While, the water remediation effect of combination for biochar from woody and herbaceous wastes coupling with substrate types in CWs have not been fully explored. To explore the water remediation effect of combination for biochar coupling with substrate on pH, Turbidity, COD, NH4+-N, TN and TP, four plant configuration modes combining seven woody plants and eight herbaceous plants (Plants A, Plants B, Plants C, Plants D) were coupled with three substrate types (Substrate 1, Substrate 2, Substrate 3) as 12 experiment groups, using water detection methods and significant differences test (LSD) to analyze. Results showed: (1) Compared to Substrate 3, Substrate 1 and Substrate 2 removed significantly higher in pollutants concentration (p < 0.05); (2) NH4+-N final concentration in Plants C and Plants D were both significantly lower than Plants A and Plants B coupling with Substrate 1 and Substrate 2 (p < 0.05). The TN final concentration of Plants C was significantly lower than Plants A in Substrate 1 (p < 0.05), and Plants A's turbidity was significantly lower than Plants C and Plants D's in Substrate 2 (p < 0.05); (3) The pollutants removal of group A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1 and D2 were significantly higher than other experiment groups (p < 0.05). Group A2, B2, C1 and D1 had the best water remediation effect and better stability of plant community. Findings in this study will be beneficial for remediating polluted water and building sustainable wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China; College of Innovative and Design, City University of Macau, Macau, 999078 China.
| | - Yerong Sun
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Yueting Tang
- Huizhou Engineering Vocational College, Huizhou, 516001, China
| | - Min Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Bing Xiao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
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Tan JQ, Zhang L, Xu HX. Garcinia oligantha: A comprehensive overview of ethnomedicine, phytochemistry and pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 306:116130. [PMID: 36621661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Garcinia oligantha Merr. is an ethnomedicine plant mainly distributed in Guangdong and Hainan, China. It has the effects of heat-clearing and detoxicating, which has been used by local ethnic minorities to treat a variety of diseases, including inflammation, internal heat, toothache and scald. THE AIM OF THE REVIEW This review summarizes and discusses the progress of the chemical compounds and biological activities of G. oligantha that have been studied in recent years to provide the direction for the prospective research and applications of G. oligantha. MATERIALS AND METHODS The relevant literature about G. oligantha was accessible from ancient Chinese medical books and records, theses, as well as major scientific databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, SciFinder, Baidu Scholar and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). RESULTS To date, more than 150 chemical compounds were isolated from this plant, including xanthones, volatile oil, fatty acid, benzofurane derivative and biphenyl compounds. Xanthones are the main bioactive compounds that exhibit diverse biological effects, such as antitumor, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, neuroprotective, antimalarial and antibacterial effects, which are consistent with its traditional uses as a folk medicine. Modern pharmacological studies show that these compounds participate in a variety of signaling pathways underlying different pathophysiologies, making them a valuable medicinal resource. CONCLUSION G. oligantha is an ethnomedicine with a long history. However, due to regional and cultural constraints, the popularisation and use of ethnomedicine are still limited. Modern pharmacological and chemical research suggest that G. oligantha contains a variety of bioactive compounds and showed diverse biological functions, which is worthy of comprehensive and in-depth research. This review summarizes and discusses the recent progress in studies on G. oligantha, looking forward to promote further research and sustainable development of folk medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Hong-Xi Xu
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Yan J, Lu A, Kun J, Wang B, Miao Y, Chen Y, Ho CT, Meng Q, Tong H. Characterization of triterpenoids as possible bitter-tasting compounds in teas infected with bird’s eye spot disease. Food Res Int 2023; 167:112643. [PMID: 37087235 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Tea infected with bird's eye spot disease generally imparts a long-lasting bitter taste, which is unacceptable to most consumers. This study has comprehensively evaluated the taste profiles of infected and healthy teas and investigated their known bitter compounds previously reported in tea. Quantification analyses and calculation of dose-over-threshold (DoT) factors revealed that no obvious difference was visualized in catechins, caffeine, bitter amino acids, and flavonols and their glycosides between infected and healthy tea samples, which was also verified by principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). Therefore, these known bitter compounds have been ruled out as critical contributors to the long-lasting bitterness of infected teas. Furthermore, Gel permeation chromatography, sensory analysis, and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS were employed and identified 13 substances from the target bitter fractions, including caffeine, ten triterpenoids, and two oxylipins. The higher triterpenoid levels were supposed to be the reason causing the long-lasting bitterness. This study has provided a research direction for the molecular basis of the long-lasting bitterness of infected tea leaves with bird's eye spot disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingna Yan
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Anxia Lu
- Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Jirui Kun
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Bei Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; Food Quality & Design Group, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yiwen Miao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yingjuan Chen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Qing Meng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Huarong Tong
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
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