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Hao Z, Lu C, Wang M, Li S, Wang Y, Yan Y, Ding Y, Li Y. Systematic investigation on the pharmaceutical components and mechanism of the treatment against zebrafish enteritis by Sporisorium reilianum f. sp. reilianum based on histomorphology and pathology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 334:118574. [PMID: 39019416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sporisorium reilianum f. sp. reilianum (SSR) is a fungus isolated from a medicinal plant. Recorded in the "Compilation of National Chinese Herbal Medicine" and "Compendium of Materia Medica," it was used for preventing and treating intestinal diseases, enhancing immune function, etc. In this study, we investigated the chemical composition and bioactivity of SSR. Network pharmacology is utilized for predictive analysis and targeting pathway studies of anti-inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) mechanisms. Pharmacological activity against enteritis is evaluated using zebrafish (Danio rerio) as model animals. AIM OF THE STUDY To reveal the treatment of IBD by SSR used as traditional medicine and food, based on molecular biology identification of SSR firstly, and the pharmaceutical components & its toxicities, biological activity & mechanism of SSR were explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using chromatography and zebrafish IBD model induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), nine compounds were first identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The toxicity of ethanol crude extract and monomers from SSR were evaluated by evaluating the phenotypic characteristics of zebrafish embryos and larvae, histomorphology and pathology of the zebrafish model guided by network pharmacology were conducted. RESULTS The zebrafish embryo development did not show toxicity. The molecular docking and enrichment pathway results predicted that metabolites 3 & 4 (N-trans- feruloyl-3-methoxytyramine & N-cis-feruloyl-3-methoxytyramine) and 7 & 8 (4-N- trans-p-coumaroyltyramine & 4-N-cis--p-coumaroyltyramine) have anti-enteritis activities. This paper lays an experimental foundation for developing new drugs and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zezhuang Hao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Chang Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Mengtong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Shuxia Li
- Jinmanwu Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co., LTD., Liaoyuan, 136200, China.
| | - Ye Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Yuli Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Yuling Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Yong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.
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Posadino AM, Maccioccu P, Eid AH, Giordo R, Pintus G, Fenu G. Citrus limon var. pompia Camarda var. nova: A Comprehensive Review of Its Botanical Characteristics, Traditional Uses, Phytochemical Profile, and Potential Health Benefits. Nutrients 2024; 16:2619. [PMID: 39203756 PMCID: PMC11357429 DOI: 10.3390/nu16162619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Citrus limon var. pompia Camarda var. nova, commonly known as pompia, is a distinctive citrus ecotype native to Sardinia, notable for its unique botanical, phytochemical, and potential health benefits. It holds cultural significance as a traditional food product of Sardinia, recognized by the Italian Ministry of Agricultural Food and Forestry Policies. This comprehensive review examines pompia's traditional uses, taxonomic classification, pomological characteristics, phytochemical profile, and potential health benefits. Pompia phytochemical analyses reveal a rich composition of flavonoids and terpenoids, with notable concentrations of limonene, myrcene, and various oxygenated monoterpenes. Pompia essential oils are primarily extracted from its peel and leaves. Peel essential oils exhibit a high concentration of the monoterpene limonene (82%) and significantly lower quantities of myrcene (1.8%), geranial (1.7%), geraniol (1.5%), and neral (1.4%). In its rind extract, flavanones such as naringin (23.77 µg/mg), neoeriocitrin (46.53 µg/mg), and neohesperidin (44.57 µg/mg) have been found, along with gallic acid (128.3 µg/mg) and quinic acid (219.67 µg/mg). The main compounds detected in the essential oils from pompia leaves are oxygenated monoterpenes (53.5%), with limonene (28.64%), α-terpineol (41.18%), geranial (24.44%), (E)-β-ocimene (10.5%), linalool (0.56%), and neryl acetate (13.56%) being particularly prominent. In pompia juice, the presence of phenolic compounds has been discovered, with a composition more similar to lemon juice than orange juice. The primary flavonoid identified in pompia juice is chrysoeriol-6,8-di-C-glucoside (stellarin-2) (109.2 mg/L), which has not been found in other citrus juices. The compound rhoifolin-4-glucoside (17.5 mg/L) is unique to pompia juice, whereas its aglycone, rhoifolin, is found in lemon juice. Other flavonoids identified in pompia juice include diosmetin 6,8-C-diglucoside (54.5 mg/L) and isorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside (79.4 mg/L). These findings support the potential of pompia in developing nutraceuticals and natural health products, further confirmed by its compounds' antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. Future research should focus on optimizing extraction methods, conducting clinical trials to evaluate efficacy and safety, and exploring sustainable cultivation practices. The potential applications of pompia extracts in food preservation, functional foods, and cosmetic formulations also warrant further investigation. Addressing these areas could significantly enhance pompia's contribution to natural medicine, food science, and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Posadino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43B, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.P.); (P.M.); (G.F.)
| | - Paola Maccioccu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43B, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.P.); (P.M.); (G.F.)
| | - Ali H. Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
| | - Roberta Giordo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43B, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.P.); (P.M.); (G.F.)
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43B, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.P.); (P.M.); (G.F.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Grazia Fenu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43B, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.P.); (P.M.); (G.F.)
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Giordo R, Tulasigeri Totiger S, Caggiari G, Cossu A, Manunta AF, Posadino AM, Pintus G. Protective Effect of Knee Postoperative Fluid on Oxidative-Induced Damage in Human Knee Articular Chondrocytes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:188. [PMID: 38397786 PMCID: PMC10886415 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The oxidative-stress-elicited deterioration of chondrocyte function is the initial stage of changes leading to the disruption of cartilage homeostasis. These changes entail a series of catabolic damages mediated by proinflammatory cytokines, MMPs, and aggrecanases, which increase ROS generation. Such uncontrolled ROS production, inadequately balanced by the cellular antioxidant capacity, eventually contributes to the development and progression of chondropathies. Several pieces of evidence show that different growth factors, single or combined, as well as anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, can stimulate chondrogenesis and improve cartilage repair and regeneration. In this view, hypothesizing a potential growth-factor-associated action, we investigate the possible protective effect of post-operation knee fluid from patients undergoing prosthesis replacement surgery against ROS-induced damage on normal human knee articular chondrocytes (HKACs). To this end, HKACs were pre-treated with post-operation knee fluid and then exposed to H2O2 to mimic oxidative stress. Intracellular ROS levels were measured by using the molecular probe H2DCFDA; cytosolic and mitochondrial oxidative status were assessed by using HKACs infected with lentiviral particles harboring the redox-sensing green fluorescent protein (roGFP); and cell proliferation was determined by measuring the rate of DNA synthesis with BrdU incorporation. Moreover, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione levels from the cell lysates of treated cells were also measured. Postoperative peripheral blood sera from the same patients were used as controls. Our study shows that post-operation knee fluid can counteract H2O2-elicited oxidative stress by decreasing the intracellular ROS levels, preserving the cytosolic and mitochondrial redox status, maintaining the proliferation of oxidatively stressed HKACs, and upregulating chondrocyte antioxidant defense. Overall, our results support and propose an important effect of post-operation knee fluid substances in maintaining HKAC function by mediating cell antioxidative system upregulation and protecting cells from oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Giordo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (R.G.); (S.T.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Smitha Tulasigeri Totiger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (R.G.); (S.T.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Gianfilippo Caggiari
- Orthopaedic and Traumatology Department, University Hospital, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (G.C.); (A.F.M.)
| | - Annalisa Cossu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (R.G.); (S.T.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Andrea Fabio Manunta
- Orthopaedic and Traumatology Department, University Hospital, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (G.C.); (A.F.M.)
| | - Anna Maria Posadino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (R.G.); (S.T.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (R.G.); (S.T.T.); (A.C.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
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Ma YL, Wu ZF, Li Z, Wang Y, Shang YF, Thakur K, Wei ZJ. In vitro digestibility and hepato-protective potential of Lophatherum gracile Brongn. leave extract. Food Chem 2024; 433:137336. [PMID: 37666125 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Lophatherum gracile Brongn. (L. gracile) is a traditional herb for both medicine and food use, but its digestibility and hepato-protective activity is unknown. Herein we investigated the digestibility and hepato-protective potential of L. gracile leave extract (LGE) using in vitro digestion and alcohol-induced oxidative damage models. Compared to the undigested group, the content of phenolics/flavonoids and the antioxidant activity in LGE generally decreased by 9.30-19.97% in the oral and small intestine phase after digestion, while that increased by 9.96-10.17% in the gastric phase. The main phenolics/flavonoids showed promising stability during digestion and their bio-accessiblity ranged from 67.64% to 84.47%. By reducing cellular reactive oxidative species and malonaldehyde levels, LGE (0.23-0.45 mg/mL) pretreatment significantly ameliorated alcohol-induced oxidative damage in HepG2 cells (P < 0.05), and their survival rate increased from 59.23% to 67.76%. These findings suggested that L. gracile could be used for the development of hepato-protective foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Long Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; School of Biological Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Zheng-Fang Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Zhi Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Ya-Fang Shang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; School of Biological Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Kiran Thakur
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; School of Biological Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Zhao-Jun Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; School of Biological Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
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Ramli I, Posadino AM, Giordo R, Fenu G, Fardoun M, Iratni R, Eid AH, Zayed H, Pintus G. Effect of Resveratrol on Pregnancy, Prenatal Complications and Pregnancy-Associated Structure Alterations. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020341. [PMID: 36829900 PMCID: PMC9952837 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Adverse pregnancy outcomes are considered significant health risks for pregnant women and their offspring during pregnancy and throughout their lifespan. These outcomes lead to a perturbated in-utero environment that impacts critical phases of the fetus's life and correlates to an increased risk of chronic pathological conditions, such as diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases, in both the mother's and adult offspring's life. The dietary intake of naturally occurring antioxidants promotes health benefits and disease prevention. In this regard, maternal dietary intake of polyphenolic antioxidants is linked to a reduced risk of maternal obesity and cardio-metabolic disorders, positively affecting both the fetus and offspring. In this work, we will gather and critically appraise the current literature highlighting the effect/s of the naturally occurring polyphenol antioxidant resveratrol on oxidative stress, inflammation, and other molecular and physiological phenomena associated with pregnancy and pregnancy conditions, such as gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and preterm labor. The resveratrol impact on prenatal complications and pregnancy-associated structures, such as the fetus and placenta, will also be discussed. Finally, we will draw conclusions from the current knowledge and provide future perspectives on potentially exploiting resveratrol as a therapeutic tool in pregnancy-associated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Ramli
- Departement de Biologie Animale, Université des Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine 25000, Algeria
| | - Anna Maria Posadino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Roberta Giordo
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai 505055, United Arab Emirates
| | - Grazia Fenu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Manal Fardoun
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - Rabah Iratni
- Department of Biology, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali H. Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Development of Probiotic-Fermented Black Mulberry (Morus nigra L.) Juice and Its Antioxidant Activity in C2C12 Cells. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8120697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Black mulberry (Morus nigra L.) is considered a medicinal and food-homologous plant in China. An obstacle to its widespread use is that its annual season and shelf life are extremely short. In this paper, fermented black mulberry juice (FBMJ) was prepared with various probiotic strains, and response surface methodology was used to determine the optimum production conditions for achieving the maximum active substance content in the resulting product. The fermentation process increased levels of biological enzymes and total phenols in the resulting juice. When the ratios of the Lactobacillus inocula to the total inoculum were 27.96% for L. paracasei, 15.37% for L. casei, 16.64% for L. plantarum, and 5.12% for L. delbrueckii, the B. animalis subsp. lactis content reached 15.83%, the L. fermentum content reached 19.08%, and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity reached 310 U/g. To study the antioxidant characteristics of the juice, C2C12 cells were treated with H2O2 to induce oxidative stress and the cytoprotective activity of FBMJ was subsequently evaluated. After treatment with FBMJ for 24 h, cell viability was found to be protected under H2O2 exposure, while SOD and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels were increased. The reactive oxygen species level and malondialdehyde content were also decreased. These results provide molecular evidence for the antioxidant effect of FBMJ and demonstrate that lactic acid bacteria fermentation has a positive effect on black mulberry juice (BMJ).
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