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Yan Q, Xing Q, Liu Z, Zou Y, Liu X, Xia H. The phytochemical and pharmacological profile of dandelion. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 179:117334. [PMID: 39180794 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Dandelion (Taraxacum genus), a perennial herb belonging to the Asteraceae family is widely distributed in hillside grasslands, roadsides, fields, and river beaches in middle and low-altitude areas. It has a long history of traditional Chinese medicine usage as a heat-clearing and detoxifying agent, often consumed as tea or vegetable. Multiple pharmacological studies have demonstrated the antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, immune-regulating, antioxidant, anti-tumor, and other effects of the Taraxacum genus. Bioactive compounds associated with these effects include triterpenes and their saponins, phenolic acids, sterols and their glycosides, flavonoids, organic acids, volatile oils, and saccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzi Yan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, China.
| | - Qichang Xing
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, China.
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, China.
| | - Yang Zou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, China.
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, China.
| | - Hong Xia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, China.
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Luo H, Ji X, Zhang M, Ren Y, Tan R, Jiang H, Wu X. Aloe-emodin: Progress in Pharmacological Activity, Safety, and Pharmaceutical Formulation Applications. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:1784-1798. [PMID: 38639277 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575298364240409064833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Aloe-emodin (AE) is an anthraquinone derivative and a biologically active component sourced from various plants, including Rheum palmatum L. and Aloe vera. Known chemically as 1,8-dihydroxy-3-hydroxymethyl-anthraquinone, AE has a rich history in traditional medicine and is esteemed for its accessibility, safety, affordability, and effectiveness. AE boasts multiple biochemical and pharmacological properties, such as strong antibacterial, antioxidant, and antitumor effects. Despite its array of benefits, AE's identity as an anthraquinone derivative raises concerns about its potential for liver and kidney toxicity. Nevertheless, AE is considered a promising drug candidate due to its significant bioactivities and cost efficiency. Recent research has highlighted that nanoformulated AE may enhance drug delivery, biocompatibility, and pharmacological benefits, offering a novel approach to drug design. This review delves into AE's pharmacological impacts, mechanisms, pharmacokinetics, and safety profile, incorporating insights from studies on its nanoformulations. The goal is to outline the burgeoning research in this area and to support the ongoing development and utilization of AE-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haimeng Luo
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Xiaoyun Ji
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Mengyu Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yaoyao Ren
- School of Chemistry, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Rui Tan
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Hezhong Jiang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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Wu F, Zhao T, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Liao G, Zhang B, Wang C, Tian X, Feng L, Fang B, Huo X, Ma X. Beneficial herb-drug interaction of rhein in Jinhongtang and Imipenem/Cilastatin mediated by organic anion transporters. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 312:116449. [PMID: 37023835 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Jinhongtang as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has been widely used as a clinical adjuvant in the treatment of acute abdominal diseases and sepsis. Clinical benefits of the concurrent use of Jinhongtang and antibiotics have been observed, however, the mechanism has not been fully understood. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to explore the effect of Jinhongtang on the antibacterial activity of Imipenem/Cilastatin and to clarify the underlying mechanism of herb-drug interaction (HDI). MATERIALS AND METHODS A mouse model of sepsis induced by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was used to evaluate the pharmacodynamic interaction in vivo. In vitro antibacterial activity of Imipenem/Cilastatin was studied by determining minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). Pharmacokinetic interaction was investigated by pharmacokinetic studies in rats and uptake assays using OAT1/3-HEK293 cells. The main constituents ingested into blood of rats were qualitatively identified by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS. RESULTS Mice treated by Imipenem/Cilastatin and Jinhongtang exhibited higher survival rate, lower bacteria load and less inflammation in blood and lung tissues, compared with those treated by Imipenem/Cilastatin alone after injection of S. aureus. However, MIC and MBC of Imipenem/Cilastatin against S. aureus in vitro were not significantly changed in the presence of Jinhongtang. On the contrary, Jinhongtang increased the plasma concentration of Imipenem and decreased its urinary excretion in rats. CLr of Imipenem was reduced by 58.5%, while its half-life (t1/2) was prolonged for approximate 1.2 times after coadministered Jinhongtang. Furthermore, the extracts of Jinhongtang, single herb in the prescription, and main absorbable constituents inhibited cellular uptake of probe substrates and Imipenem by OAT1/3-HEK293 cells to different extents. Among them, rhein exhibited the strongest inhibition capacity with IC50 values of 0.08 ± 0.01 μM (OAT1) and 2.86 ± 0.28 μM (OAT3). Moreover, coadministration of rhein also significantly enhanced the antibacterial activity of Imipenem/Cilastatin in sepsis mice. CONCLUSION Concomitant administration of Jinhongtang enhanced antibacterial activity of Imipenem/Cilastatin in sepsis mice induced by S. aureus through reducing renal elimination of Imipenem via inhibition of OATs. Our investigation provided the insight of Jinhongtang as an effective supplement to enhance the antibacterial activity of Imipenem/Cilastatin and can be useful for future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wu
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Ting Zhao
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Guoxin Liao
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Baojing Zhang
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Xiangge Tian
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China; Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China.
| | - Lei Feng
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Bangjiang Fang
- Department of Emergency, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Xiaokui Huo
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Xiaochi Ma
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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