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Liu X, Ren X, Li R, Deng Q, Li X, He Y, Yao J, Zhang F, Liu W, Sun M, Li M, Ma J, Zheng Y, She G. Integrated pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling and metabolomic research on polyphenol-rich fraction of Thymus quinquecostatus Celak. Alleviating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118229. [PMID: 38670403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Thymus quinquecostatus Celak., a member of thymus genus in Lamiaceae family, has been used as a folk medicine for relieving exterior syndrome and alleviating pain in China. The polyphenol-rich fraction (PRF) derived from Thymus quinquecostatus Celak. had been validated that it can protect cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) by activating Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. AIM OF THIS STUDY To explore effective components and their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics as well as possible mechanisms of PRF in treating CIRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Normal treated group (NTG) and tMCAO model treated group (MTG) rats were administrated PRF intragastrically. The prototype components and metabolites of PRF in plasma and brain were analyzed by the UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MSn method. Subsequently, the pharmacokinetics properties of indicative components were performed based on HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS. SOD and LDH activities were determined to study the pharmacodynamic (PD) properties of PRF. The PK-PD relationship of PRF was constructed. In addition, the effect of PRF on endogenous metabolites in plasma and brain was investigated using metabolomic method. RESULTS Salvianic acid A, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, scutellarin, and apigenin-7-O-glucuronide were selected as indicative components based on metabolic analysis. The non-compartmental parameters were calculated for indicative components in plasma and brain of NTG and MTG rats. Furthermore, single-component and multi-component PK-PD modeling involved Emax, Imax PD models for effect indexes were fitted as well as ANN models were established, which indicated that these components can work together to regulate SOD and LDH activities in plasma and SOD activity in brain tissue to improve CIRI. Additionally, PRF may ameliorate CIRI by regulating the disorder of endogenous metabolites in lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and purine metabolism pathways in vivo, among which lipid metabolism and purine metabolism are closely related to oxidative stress. CONCLUSION The PK-PD properties of effect substances and mechanisms of PRF anti-CIRI were further elaborated. The findings provide a convincing foundation for the application of T. quinquecostatus Celak. in the maintenance of human health disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Xueyang Ren
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Ruiwen Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Qingyue Deng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Xianxian Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Yingyu He
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Jianling Yao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Mengyu Sun
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Mingxia Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Jiamu Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Yuan Zheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Gaimei She
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
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Zhu Y, Ouyang H, Lv Z, Yao G, Ge M, Cao X, Chang Y, He J. Simultaneous determination of multiple components in rat plasma by UPLC-MS/MS for pharmacokinetic studies after oral administration of Pogostemon cablin extract. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1293464. [PMID: 38841366 PMCID: PMC11150675 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1293464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Pogostemon cablin (PC) is used in traditional Chinese medicine and food, as it exerts pharmacological effects, such as immune-modulatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, antitumor, and antiviral. Currently, the pharmacokinetics (PK) studies of PC mainly focus on individual components. However, research on these individual components cannot reflect the actual PK characteristics of PC after administration. Therefore, the simultaneous determination of multiple components in rat plasma using UPLC-MS/MS was used for the pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of PC extract in this study, providing reference value for the clinical application of PC. Methods: In the present study, a reliable and sensitive ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of 15 prototype components (vanillic acid, vitexin, verbascoside, isoacteoside, hyperoside, cosmosiin, apigenin, β-rhamnocitrin, acacetin, ombuin, pogostone, pachypodol, vicenin-2, retusin, and diosmetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside) in rat plasma after oral administration of the PC extract. Plasma samples were prepared via protein precipitation using acetonitrile, and icariin was used as the internal standard (IS). Results: The intra-day and inter-day accuracies ranged from -12.0 to 14.3%, and the precision of the analytes was less than 11.3%. The extraction recovery rate of the analytes ranged from 70.6-104.5%, and the matrix effects ranged from 67.4-104.8%. Stability studies proved that the analytes were stable under the tested conditions, with a relative standard deviation lower than 14.1%. Conclusion: The developed method can be applied to evaluate the PK of 15 prototype components in PC extracts of rats after oral administration using UPLC-MS/MS, providing valuable information for the development and clinical safe, effective, and rational use of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yameng Zhu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Huizi Ouyang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenguo Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Guangzhe Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Minglei Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiunan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanxu Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun He
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Sun J, Li R, Zhang J, Huang Y, Lu Y, Liu C, Li Y, Liu T. Analysis of compatibility mechanism of shenxiong glucose injection after multiple dosing based on differences of PK-PD correlation and cytochrome P450 enzyme. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 239:115899. [PMID: 38103414 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Shenxiong glucose injection (SGI) containing a water extract from the roots of Danshen and Ligustrazine hydrochloride, is the main drug used for the prevention and treatment of acute myocardial ischemia (AMI) in China. Based on the characteristics of drug clinical applications, this study aims to uncover the compatibility mechanism of SGI by investigating pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) differences between Danshen glucose injection (DGI), Ligustrazine glucose injection (LGI) and SGI groups after multiple dosing during the pathological state from the perspective of metabolic enzymes. Compared to the LGI group, the absorption (Cmax) and exposure (AUC) of ligustrazine increased significantly, and the protein expression of CYP1A2, CYP2C11 and CYP3A2 in the SGI group decreased significantly. Furthermore, the PK and PD experimental data for Danshen and ligustrazine in AMI rats were fitted to obtain a PK-PD binding model with three components. PK-PD parameter analysis showed that in the SGI group the IC50 values of ligustrazine and danshensu on AST, CK-MB, cTn-I and the IC50 values of rosmarinic acid on AST and CK-MB were lower than the DGI or LGI group. It is speculated that Danshen inhibited CYP1A2, CYP2C11 and CYP3A2 mediating the metabolism of ligustrazine and decreased the expression of these three isozymes, which further affected the in vivo process of ligustrazine. Moreover, the combination of Danshen and ligustrazine could have better regulating effect on AST, CK-MB and cTn-I. This preliminary study has provided a scientific basis for understanding the compatibility mechanism of SGI from the viewpoint of the regulation of CYP enzymes in the PK-PD model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Sun
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Rong Li
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Jingya Zhang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; National Engineering Research Center of Miao's Medicines, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yuan Lu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Chunhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine Development and Application, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yongjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine Development and Application, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China.
| | - Ting Liu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China.
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