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Elango B, Shirley CP, Okram GS, Ramesh T, Seralathan KK, Mathanmohun M. Structural diversity, functional versatility and applications in industrial, environmental and biomedical sciences of polysaccharides and its derivatives - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126193. [PMID: 37562468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent efforts on the expansion of sustainable and commercial primal matters are essential to enhance the knowledge of their hazards and noxiousness to humans and their environments. For example, polysaccharide materials are widely utilized in food, wound dressing, tissue engineering, industry, targeted drug delivery, environmental, and bioremediation due to their attractive degradability, nontoxicity and biocompatibility. There are numerous easy, quick, and efficient ways to manufacture these materials that include cellulose, starch, chitosan, chitin, dextran, pectin, gums, and pullulan. Further, they exhibit distinctive properties when combined favourably with raw materials from other sources. This review discusses the synthesis and novel applications of these carbohydrate polymers in industrial, environmental and biomedical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boojhana Elango
- Department of Microbiology, Muthayammal College of Arts and Science, Rasipuram, Namakkal 637408, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C P Shirley
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore 641114, India
| | - Gunadhor Singh Okram
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore 452001, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Thiyagarajan Ramesh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamala-Kannan Seralathan
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, South Korea.
| | - Maghimaa Mathanmohun
- Department of Microbiology, Muthayammal College of Arts and Science, Rasipuram, Namakkal 637408, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Chen S, Cheng R, Xu X, Kong C, Wang L, Fu R, Li J, Wang S, Zhang J. The structure and flocculation characteristics of a novel exopolysaccharide from a Paenibacillus isolate. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 291:119561. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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3
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Utilization of bio-polymeric additives for a sustainable production strategy in pulp and paper manufacturing: A comprehensive review. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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Azimi SC, Shirini F, Pendashteh A. Treatment of wood industry wastewater by combined coagulation-flocculation-decantation and fenton process. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2021; 93:433-444. [PMID: 32854137 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present research, the efficiency of turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction from the wood industry wastewater (WIW) by the use of a combined coagulation-flocculation-decantation (CFD) - Fenton process was studied. Firstly, the performance of three coagulants such as ferric chloride (FeCl3 ), aluminum sulphate (alum), and polyaluminum chloride (PACl) was evaluated. The polyacrylamide (PAM) was used as a flocculant. The results showed that the polyaluminum chloride had a high removal efficiency. The COD reduction of 84.1% and turbidity removal of 82.0% of were obtained in coagulation-flocculation-decantation (CFD). Secondly, Fenton process was optimized, by the use of a response surface methodology (RSM), with application of a central composite design (CCD). The maximum turbidity and COD removal obtained by this process were 94.1% and 72.5% respectively, under optimal conditions ([Fe2+ ] = 250 mg/L, [H2 O2 ] = 500 mg/L, pH 3.5, time 60 min). The kinetics of COD and turbidity removal were determined by the model of first order. In conclusion, the combination of coagulation-flocculation-decantation (CFD) - Fenton process presented as a remarkable method for wood wastewater treatment. PRACTITIONER POINTS: A combination of coagulation-flocculation-decantation and Fenton process was introduced for the wood industry wastewater treatment. A designed experimental approach for treatment of wood industry wastewater using a Fenton process was studied. The yields of COD, BOD5 , N-NO3 , P-PO4 , and dye removal were obtained according to the standard limits in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyedeh Cobra Azimi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
- Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Caspian Sea Basin Research Center, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Farhad Shirini
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Alireza Pendashteh
- Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Caspian Sea Basin Research Center, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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Cheng SY, Show PL, Juan JC, Chang JS, Lau BF, Lai SH, Ng EP, Yian HC, Ling TC. Landfill leachate wastewater treatment to facilitate resource recovery by a coagulation-flocculation process via hydrogen bond. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 262:127829. [PMID: 32768754 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent trend to recover value-added products from wastewater calls for more effective pre-treatment technology. Conventional landfill leachate treatment is often complex and thus causes negative environmental impacts and financial burden. In order to facilitate downstream processing of leachate wastewater for production of energy or value-added products, it is pertinent to maximize leachate treatment performance by using simple yet effective technology that removes pollutants with minimum chemical added into the wastewater that could potentially affect downstream processing. Hence, the optimization of coagulation-flocculation leachate treatment using multivariate approach is crucial. Central composite design was applied to optimize operating parameters viz. Alum dosage, pH and mixing speed. Quadratic model indicated that the optimum COD removal of 54% is achieved with low alum dosage, pH and mixing speed of 750 mgL-1, 8.5 and 100 rpm, respectively. Optimization result showed that natural pH of the mature landfill leachate sample is optimum for alum coagulation process. Hence, the cost of pH adjustment could be reduced for industrial application by adopting optimized parameters. The inherent mechanism of pollutant removal was elucidated by FTIR peaks at 3853 cm-1 which indicated that hydrogen bonds play a major role in leachate removal by forming well aggregated flocs. This is concordance with SEM image that the floc was well aggregated with the porous linkages and amorphous surface structure. The optimization of leachate treatment has been achieved by minimizing the usage of alum under optimized condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze Yin Cheng
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pau-Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Joon Ching Juan
- Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre, Deputy Vice Chancellor (Research & Innovation) Office, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan; Research Centre for Circular Economy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan; College of Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, 407, Taiwan
| | - Beng Fye Lau
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sai Hin Lai
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Eng Poh Ng
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Science, Malaysia, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Haw Choon Yian
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, 43900, Sepang, Malaysia
| | - Tau Chuan Ling
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Preliminary analysis of selected tropical fruit seed extracts potential as natural coagulant in water. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-3052-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
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Aziz A, Agamuthu P, Fauziah SH. Effective removal of p-tert-Butylphenol and Pyridine, 3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)-, (S)- from landfill leachate using locust bean gum. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2018; 36:1146-1156. [PMID: 30067147 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x18789062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The widespread distribution of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in landfill leachate is problematic due to their acute toxicity, carcinogenicity and genotoxicity effects, which could be detrimental to public health and ecological systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effective removal of POPs - namely, p-tert-Butylphenol and Pyridine, 3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)-, (S)- - from landfill leachate using locust bean gum (LBG), and in comparison with commonly used alum. The response surface methodology coupled with a Box-Behnken design was employed to optimize the operating factors for optimal POPs removal. A quadratic polynomial model was fitted into the data with the R2 values of 0.97 and 0.96 for the removal of p-tert-Butylphenol and Pyridine, 3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl), (S)-, respectively. The physicochemical characteristics of the flocs produced by LBG and alum were evaluated with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The infrared spectra of LBG-treated floc were identical with LBG powder, but there was some variation in the peaks of the functional groups, signifying the chemical interactions between flocculants and pollutant particles resulting from POPs removal. The results showed that p-tert-Butylphenol and Pyridine, 3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)-, (S)- obtained 96% and 100% removal using 500 mg/L of LBG at pH 4. pH have a significant effect on POPs removal in leachate. It is estimated that treating one million gallons of leachate using alum (at 1 g/L dosage) would cost US$39, and using LBG (at 500 mg/L dosage) would cost US$2. LBG is eco-friendly, biodegradable and non-toxic and, hence, strongly recommended as an alternative to inorganic coagulants for the treatment of POPs in landfill leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Aziz
- 1 Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- 2 Faculty of Marine Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Pakistan
- 3 Center for Research in Waste Management, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - P Agamuthu
- 1 Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- 3 Center for Research in Waste Management, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S H Fauziah
- 1 Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- 3 Center for Research in Waste Management, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Aziz A, Agamuthu P, Fauziah SH. Removal of bisphenol A and 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol from landfill leachate using plant- based coagulant. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2018; 36:975-984. [PMID: 30058954 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x18790360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate contain persistent organic pollutants (POPs), namely, bisphenol A (BPA) and 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol, which exceed the permissible limits. Thus, such landfill leachate must be treated before it is released into natural water courses. This article reports on investigations about the removal efficiency of POPs such as BPA and 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol from leachate using locust bean gum (LBG) in comparison with alum. The vital experimental variables (pH, coagulant dosage and stirring speed) were optimised by applying response surface methodology equipped with the Box-Behnken design to reduce the POPs from leachate. An empirical quadratic polynomial model could accurately model the surface response with R2 values of 0.928 and 0.954 to reduce BPA and 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol, respectively. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed on treated flocs for further understanding. FTIR analysis revealed that the bridging of pollutant particles could be due to the explicit adsorption and bridging via hydrogen bonding of a coagulation mechanism. SEM micrographs indicated that the flocs produced by LBG have a rough cloudy surface and numerous micro-pores compared with alum, which enabled the capture and removal of POPs from leachate. Results showed that the reduction efficiencies for BPA and 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol at pH 7.5 were 76% and 84% at LBG dosage of 500 mg·L-1 and 400 mg·L-1, respectively. Coagulant dosage and pH variation have a significant effect on POPs reduction in leachate. Coagulation/flocculation using LBG could be applied for POPs reduction in leachate as a pre-treatment prior to advanced treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Aziz
- 1 Faculty of Marine Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan
- 2 Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- 3 Center for Research in Waste Management, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - P Agamuthu
- 2 Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- 3 Center for Research in Waste Management, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S H Fauziah
- 2 Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- 3 Center for Research in Waste Management, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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9
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Salehizadeh H, Yan N, Farnood R. Recent advances in polysaccharide bio-based flocculants. Biotechnol Adv 2017; 36:92-119. [PMID: 28993221 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides, derived from biomass feedstocks, marine resources, and microorganisms, have been attracting considerable attention as benign and environmentally friendly substitutes for synthetic polymeric products. Besides many other applications, these biopolymers are rapidly emerging as viable alternatives to harmful synthetic flocculating agents for the removal of contaminants from water and wastewater. In recent years, a great deal of effort has been devoted to improve the production and performance of polysaccharide bio-based flocculants. In this review, current trends in preparation and chemical modification of polysaccharide bio-based flocculants and their flocculation performance are discussed. Aspects including mechanisms of flocculation, biosynthesis, classification, purification and characterization, chemical modification, the effect of physicochemical factors on flocculating activity, and recent applications of polysaccharide bio-based flocculants are summarized and presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Salehizadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada.
| | - Ning Yan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada; Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, 33 Willcocks St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B3, Canada.
| | - Ramin Farnood
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada.
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Srikaew B, Matan N, Aewsiri T. Innovative production of fungal pulp from Trametes versicolor and its application in a fungal paper box containing clove oil. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017; 54:3058-3064. [PMID: 28974790 PMCID: PMC5602968 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-017-2741-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to develop fungal pulp from Trametes versicolor (white-rot fungi) and apply it with clove oil in a paper box to inhibit mold growth on the surface of peanuts. Broken rice media with different sugar solutions (2-10% w w-1) were prepared and then inoculated with T. versicolor mycelium at amounts from 0.5 to 1.5% w w-1. Fungal pulp and commercial paper (50 g) at different ratios (100:0, 70:30, 50:50, 30:70 and 0:100) were mixed and prepared before being placed into a stainless box (5 cm long by 5 cm wide). For the antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus flavus on peanuts, a paper box was incorporated with 2.5, 5 and 7.5% w w-1 of clove oil, eugenol, caryophyllene, and a combination of eugenol and caryophyllene at ratios of 7:1, 4:4, and 1:7. Results indicated that the highest fungal pulp biomass of T. versicolor in broken rice media was found when using 6% sugar with 1% mycelium inoculums. Fungal pulp and commercial paper at the ratio of 70:30 produced the highest value of hardness. The paper box containing clove oil at 7.5% w w-1 inhibited A. flavus on peanuts for at least 28 days while the control had mold growth within 3 days. Combining eugenol and caryophyllene, the main components of clove oil, at the ratio of 7:1 (7.5% w w-1) in the paper box should be a key factor to inhibit A. flavus during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benyapa Srikaew
- Food Technology, School of Agricultural Technology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand
| | - Narumol Matan
- Food Technology, School of Agricultural Technology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand
| | - Tanong Aewsiri
- Food Technology, School of Agricultural Technology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand
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Giannakopoulos E, Isari E, Bourikas K, Karapanagioti HK, Psarras G, Oron G, Kalavrouziotis IK. Oxidation of municipal wastewater by free radicals mechanism. A UV/Vis spectroscopy study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 195:186-194. [PMID: 27492877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the oxidation of municipal wastewater (WW) by complexation with natural polyphenols having radical scavenging activity, such as (3,4,5 tri-hydroxy-benzoic acid) gallic acid (GA) in alkaline pH (>7), under ambient O2 and temperature. Physicochemical and structural characteristics of GA-WW complex-forming are evaluated by UV/Vis spectroscopy. The comparative analysis among UV/Vis spectra of GA monomer, GA-GA polymer, WW compounds, and GA-WW complex reveals significant differences within 350-450 and 500-900 nm. According to attenuated total reflectance (ATR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), these spectra differences correspond to distinct complexes formed. This study suggests a novel role of natural polyphenols on the degradation and humification of wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Giannakopoulos
- School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, Tsamadou 13-15 & Saint Andrea, 262 22, Patras, Greece
| | - E Isari
- School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, Tsamadou 13-15 & Saint Andrea, 262 22, Patras, Greece
| | - K Bourikas
- School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, Tsamadou 13-15 & Saint Andrea, 262 22, Patras, Greece
| | - H K Karapanagioti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, 26504, Greece
| | - G Psarras
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization-"DIMITRA"-Institute for Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, Lab. of Plant Mineral Nutrition & Physiology, Chania, 73 100, Greece
| | - G Oron
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Zuckerberg Water Research Center, Kiryat Sde Boker, 8499000, Israel
| | - I K Kalavrouziotis
- School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, Tsamadou 13-15 & Saint Andrea, 262 22, Patras, Greece.
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Faye MCAS, Zhang Y, Yang J. Extracellular polymeric substances and sludge solid/liquid separation underMoringa oleiferaand chitosan conditioning: a review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/21622515.2017.1282544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Christine Amie Sene Faye
- Environmental Science Research Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanrong Zhang
- Environmental Science Research Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiakuan Yang
- Environmental Science Research Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
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Shi W, Bi L, Pan G. Effect of algal flocculation on dissolved organic matters using cationic starch modified soils. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 45:177-184. [PMID: 27372131 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2015.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Modified soils (MSs) are being increasingly used as geo-engineering materials for the sedimentation removal of cyanobacterial blooms. Cationic starch (CS) has been tested as an effective soil modifier, but little is known about its potential impacts on the treated water. This study investigated dissolved organic matters in the bloom water after algal removal using cationic starch modified soils (CS-MSs). Results showed that the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) could be decreased by CS-MS flocculation and the use of higher charge density CS yielded a greater DOC reduction. When CS with the charge density of 0.052, 0.102 and 0.293meq/g were used, DOC was decreased from 3.4 to 3.0, 2.3 and 1.7mg/L, respectively. The excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy and UV254 analysis indicated that CS-MS exhibits an ability to remove some soluble organics, which contributed to the DOC reduction. However, the use of low charge density CS posed a potential risk of DOC increase due to the high CS loading for effective algal removal. When CS with the charge density of 0.044meq/g was used, DOC was increased from 3.4 to 3.9mg/L. This study suggested, when CS-MS is used for cyanobacterial bloom removal, the content of dissolved organic matters in the treated water can be controlled by optimizing the charge density of CS. For the settled organic matters, other measures (e.g., capping treatments using oxygen loaded materials) should be jointly applied after algal flocculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Shi
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Lei Bi
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Gang Pan
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Animal, Rural, and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, NG25 0QF, UK.
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14
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Nharingo T, Moyo M. Application of Opuntia ficus-indica in bioremediation of wastewaters. A critical review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 166:55-72. [PMID: 26476894 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal ion, pesticide and dye wastewaters cause severe ecological contamination with conventional treatment methods proving inadequate, unsuccessful or expensive to apply. Several biomaterials have recently been explored for the biosorption and biocoagulation-flocculation of pollutants from wastewaters. In the past 10 years, there has been an extensive research output on the use of biological materials such as agricultural wastes, chitosan, Moringa Oleifera, Eichhornia crassipes, bacteria, algae, Cactus plants etc. in environmental remediation. The present paper reviews the scattered information about the green technology involving Opuntia ficus-indica derived biomaterials in wastewater decontamination. Its characterization, physicochemical compositions, its application in biosorption and flocculation of dyes, pesticides and metallic species focussing on equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamic properties are reviewed. The main results obtained in the depollution of a variety of contaminated wastewaters using cladodes, fruit pulp and peels mucilage and electrolytes show very high and promising pollutant maximum sorption capacities and removal percentages in the range -125.4-1000 mg/g and 0.31-2251.56 mg/g for the biosorption of dyes and metallic species respectively and removal % ranges of 50-98.7%, 11-93.62% and 17-100% for turbidity, chemical oxygen demand and heavy metals respectively by coagulation-flocculation process. The biomaterials proved to be efficient in pollutant removal that there is need to explore the scaling up of the study from the laboratory scale to community pilot plants and eventually to industrial levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tichaona Nharingo
- Department of Chemical Technology, Midlands State University, P Bag 9055, Senka Road, Gweru, Zimbabwe.
| | - Mambo Moyo
- Department of Chemical Technology, Midlands State University, P Bag 9055, Senka Road, Gweru, Zimbabwe
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15
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Kee YL, Mukherjee S, Pariatamby A. Effective remediation of phenol,2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in farm effluent using Guar gum--A plant based biopolymer. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 136:111-117. [PMID: 25966329 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the efficiency of Guar gum in removing Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), viz. phenol,2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), from farm effluent. The removal efficiency was compared with alum. The results indicated that 4.0 mg L(-1) of Guar gum at pH 7 could remove 99.70% and 99.99% of phenol,2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) and DEHP, respectively. Box Behnken design was used for optimization of the operating parameters for optimal POPs removal. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy studies were conducted on the flocs. SEM micrographs showed numerous void spaces in the flocs produced by Guar gum as opposed to those produced by alum. This indicated why Guar gum was more effective in capturing and removal of suspended particles and POPs as compared to alum. FTIR spectra indicated a shift in the bonding of functional groups in the flocs produced by Guar gum as compared to raw Guar gum powder signifying chemical attachment of the organics present in the effluent to the coagulant resulting in their removal. Guar gum is highly recommended as a substitute to chemical coagulant in treating POPs due to its non-toxic and biodegradable characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ling Kee
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Sumona Mukherjee
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Agamuthu Pariatamby
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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